GEPT 全民英检 听力模拟题 · 共 40 题

全民英檢高級 英語聽力測驗 模擬試題 10

参照 GEPT 公开题型原创的听力模拟题，从少儿级（GEPT Kids）到高级都有。

本套试卷由 Loopy 参照公开题型原创，并非 台湾语言训练测验中心（LTTC） 的官方试题。

整套音频

第一部分

  1. 第 1 题

    • AA decline in employee engagement and teamwork.
    • BThe technical instability of newly adopted platforms.
    • CAn unintended disruption to deep, focused work.
    • DA reluctance among leadership to adopt digital solutions.
    查看原文

    With the rise of asynchronous communication tools in corporate environments, many anticipated a dramatic reduction in operational friction. However, empirical studies indicate that while these platforms facilitate rapid exchange, they often induce a state of constant cognitive fragmentation. Employees feel compelled to monitor channels incessantly to avoid appearing disengaged, which inadvertently erodes their capacity for deep, uninterrupted focus. Consequently, organizational leaders are now tasked with establishing explicit boundaries to safeguard cognitive resources without dismantling the agility that digital tools offer. [Q1] What is the primary challenge of asynchronous communication tools discussed by the speaker?

    中文翻译

    随着异步沟通工具在企业环境中的兴起，许多人预期这会大幅减少运营阻力。然而，实证研究表明，虽然这些平台促进了快速交流，但它们往往会导致持续的认知碎片化。员工感到不得不时刻盯着沟通渠道，以免显得工作不投入，这在无形中削弱了他们进行深度、不被打扰的专注工作的能力。因此，组织领导者现在的任务是建立明确的界限，以保护员工的认知资源，同时又不破坏数字工具所提供的敏捷性。[Q1] 说话者讨论的异步沟通工具的主要挑战是什么？

  1. 第 2 题

    • AIt achieves both temperature reduction and runoff management.
    • BIt eliminates the need for concrete in modern city centers.
    • CIt primarily enhances the visual appeal of municipal parks.
    • DIt lowers the initial construction budget for new cities.
    查看原文

    Urban microclimates are significantly influenced by the density and materials of the built environment. To mitigate the urban heat island effect, municipal planners are shifting away from purely aesthetic landscaping toward functional green infrastructure. By integrating bioswales and permeable pavements, cities can manage stormwater runoff while simultaneously lowering ambient temperatures through evapotranspiration. This dual-purpose design not only bolsters ecological resilience but also reduces the long-term maintenance costs associated with conventional concrete infrastructure. [Q2] According to the speaker, what is the main benefit of functional green infrastructure?

    中文翻译

    城市微气候受建筑环境密度和材料的显著影响。为了缓解城市热岛效应，城市规划者正从纯美学景观绿化转向功能性绿色基础设施。通过整合植草沟和透水铺装，城市在管理雨水径流的同时，还能通过蒸腾作用降低周围环境温度。这种双重用途的设计不仅增强了生态韧性，还降低了传统混凝土基础设施所需的长期维护成本。

  1. 第 3 题

    • AThey become more eager to explore alternative brands.
    • BThey tend to postpone buying or choose a default option.
    • CThey demand highly customized products from retailers.
    • DThey experience a surge in cognitive performance.
    查看原文

    In the realm of consumer behavior, the concept of 'decision fatigue' plays a pivotal role. When presented with an overwhelming array of choices, consumers initially feel empowered, but this sensation quickly gives way to cognitive overload. As mental energy depletes, individuals either defer the purchase indefinitely or resort to default options, which are rarely their optimal choices. Savvy retailers leverage this insight by offering curated selections, thereby streamlining the decision-making process and enhancing overall customer satisfaction. [Q3] What is the consequence of decision fatigue on consumers?

    中文翻译

    在消费者行为领域，“决策疲劳”这一概念起着至关重要的作用。当面对琳琅满目的选择时，消费者起初会感到自己掌握了主动权，但这种感觉很快就会让位于认知超载。随着心理能量的消耗，人们要么无限期推迟购买，要么退而求其次选择默认选项，而这些默认选项通常并不是他们的最佳选择。精明的零售商正是利用这一见解，通过提供精选商品来简化决策流程，从而提升客户的整体满意度。

  1. 第 4 题

    • ALanguage strictly dictates and confines human cognitive abilities.
    • BLanguage has no measurable impact on how people perceive the world.
    • CLanguage acts as a subtle influence on conceptual associations.
    • DGrammatical gender is the only aspect of language that shapes thought.
    查看原文

    The hypothesis of linguistic relativity suggests that the structure of a language influences its speakers' cognition and world view. While extreme interpretations—that language strictly limits thought—have been largely discredited, modern researchers have found subtle, empirical evidence of its influence. For instance, grammatical gender systems can nudge speakers to associate specific inanimate objects with masculine or feminine traits. Thus, language does not act as an impenetrable barrier to thought, but rather as a subtle lens that gently shapes our conceptual habits. [Q4] Which statement best summarizes the modern scientific view of linguistic relativity?

    中文翻译

    语言相对论假说认为，语言的结构会影响使用者的认知和世界观。虽然极端解释——即语言严格限制了思维——在很大程度上已被否定，但现代研究人员已经找到了表明其存在微妙影响的实证证据。例如，语法性别系统会引导使用者将特定的无生命物体与男性或女性特征联系起来。因此，语言并非阻碍思维的铜墙铁壁，而更像是一面微妙的透镜，静悄悄地塑造着我们的概念习惯。

  1. 第 5 题

    • AIt is easier to address than deforestation and plastic pollution.
    • BIt directly threatens global food security if left unchecked.
    • CIt is primarily caused by natural climatic shifts rather than farming.
    • DIt can be completely resolved through the use of synthetic fertilizers.
    查看原文

    Soil degradation is often overshadowed by more highly publicized environmental crises like deforestation or plastic pollution, yet its implications for global food security are catastrophic. Intensive agricultural practices deplete essential organic matter, reducing the soil's ability to retain moisture and sustain microbial life. Without active intervention to restore soil health, such as crop rotation and minimal tillage, we risk rendering vast swathes of arable land permanently unproductive. The restoration of this resource is not merely an ecological goal, but a prerequisite for human survival. [Q5] What point does the speaker emphasize regarding soil degradation?

    中文翻译

    土地退化往往被森林砍伐或塑料污染等备受关注的环境危机所掩盖，然而其对全球粮食安全带来的影响却是灾难性的。集约化农业操作消耗了关键的有机质，降低了土壤保持水分和维持微生物生命的能力。如果不采取积极的干预措施来恢复土壤健康（如轮作和少耕），我们可能会面临大片耕地永久丧失生产力的风险。恢复这一资源不仅仅是一个生态目标，更是人类生存的先决条件。

  1. 第 6 题

    • AIt avoids the carbon emissions tied to producing new structural materials.
    • BIt relies entirely on historic, non-industrial building designs.
    • CIt reduces the energy needed to power modern indoor appliances.
    • DIt allows developers to bypass local municipal zoning regulations.
    查看原文

    Adaptive reuse—the process of repurposing existing buildings for new functions—has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable architecture. Rather than executing costly and energy-intensive demolitions, developers preserve the structural shell of historic factories, warehouses, or schools, retrofitting the interiors with modern amenities. This practice dramatically curtails the carbon footprint associated with manufacturing new building materials like steel and concrete. Moreover, it safeguards the architectural heritage of urban communities, blending historical character with contemporary utility. [Q6] Why is adaptive reuse considered highly sustainable?

    中文翻译

    适应性再利用（即改造现有建筑以发挥新功能的过程）已成为可持续建筑的重要基石。开发商无需进行高成本且高能耗的拆除重建，而是保留历史悠久的工厂、仓库或学校的建筑外壳，并对其内部进行升级改造以配备现代设施。这一做法大幅减少了生产钢材和混凝土等新建筑材料所产生的碳足迹。此外，它还保护了城市社区的建筑遗产，将历史风貌与现代实用功能完美融合。[Q6] 为什么适应性再利用被认为具有高度的可持续性？

  1. 第 7 题

    • AIncreasing visual oversight through continuous video monitoring.
    • BEvaluating employees based on actual deliverables rather than time present.
    • CReducing communication frequency to avoid employee burnout.
    • DStandardizing the working hours for all remote employees.
    查看原文

    The transition to remote work has necessitated a shift in how managerial efficacy is evaluated. Historically, presence was conflated with productivity; managers relied on visual oversight to gauge employee commitment. In a decentralized environment, however, this metric is utterly obsolete. Forward-thinking organizations are adopting output-based performance metrics, focusing on deliverables and objective outcomes rather than hours logged. This transition demands a foundation of mutual trust, as well as clear communication of expectations, to prevent employee burnout and maintain high performance. [Q7] What shift in managerial approach is the speaker advocating?

    中文翻译

    向远程办公的转型，使得评估管理效能的方式必须发生转变。过去，员工在场往往被等同于高生产力，管理者依赖肉眼可见的监督来衡量员工的敬业度。然而，在分布式工作环境中，这一指标已完全过时。具有前瞻性的企业正转向采用基于产出的绩效指标，将重点放在工作交付成果和客观结果上，而不是记录的工时。这一转型需要以相互信任和明确的预期沟通为基础，以防止员工产生职业倦怠并保持高水平的工作表现。

  1. 第 8 题

    • AIt is highly sensitive to minor fluctuations in local climate.
    • BIt directly provides food for almost all other organisms in the food chain.
    • CIts ecological impact is much larger than its population size would suggest.
    • DIt is always the most populous species within a given habitat.
    查看原文

    In ecological conservation, the concept of a keystone species is vital for prioritizing resources. A keystone species is one whose presence exerts a disproportionate influence on the structure of its entire ecosystem. When such a species is removed, the ecosystem undergoes a dramatic trophic cascade, often leading to a collapse in biodiversity. For instance, the reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park altered river paths by regulating herbivore populations, which allowed vegetation to recover. Protecting these pivotal species, therefore, offers a highly efficient lever for preserving entire ecological networks. [Q8] What is the primary defining characteristic of a keystone species?

    中文翻译

    在生态保护中，关键物种的概念对于确定资源分配的优先级至关重要。关键物种是指其存在对整个生态系统结构产生极其不成比例之影响的物种。一旦移除此类物种，生态系统就会发生剧烈的营养级联效应，往往会导致生物多样性崩溃。例如，将狼群重新引入黄石国家公园，通过控制食草动物的数量改变了河流走向，从而使植被得以恢复。因此，保护这些关键物种为保护整个生态网络提供了一个极其高效的杠杆。[Q8] 关键物种的首要定义特征是什么？

  1. 第 9 题

    • AIt leads to excessive competition among peers in the classroom.
    • BIt makes students hesitant to take on challenging tasks.
    • CIt causes students to disregard feedback from their teachers.
    • DIt reduces the student's overall level of self-esteem.
    查看原文

    While praise is a powerful tool for motivating students, the nature of that praise dictates its efficacy. Research indicates that praising innate intelligence can backfire, fostering a fixed mindset where students avoid challenges for fear of failing and looking less capable. Conversely, praising effort, strategy, and perseverance encourages a growth mindset. Students lauded for their process learn to view setbacks as opportunities for cognitive development rather than indictments of their intrinsic worth, ultimately fostering long-term academic resilience. [Q9] According to the speaker, what is a potential drawback of praising a student's innate intelligence?

    中文翻译

    虽然表扬是激励学生的强大工具，但表扬方式的差异决定了其最终效果。研究表明，表扬天赋智力可能会适得其反，导致学生形成固定型思维，从而因为害怕失败和显得能力不足而回避挑战。相反，表扬努力、策略和坚持不懈则能促进成长型思维。因其付出过程而受到赞扬的学生，学会了将挫折视为认知发展的契机，而不是对其内在价值的否定，从而最终培养出长期的学业韧性。[问题9] 演讲者认为，表扬学生的先天智力有什么潜在的弊端？

  1. 第 10 题

    • AIt shows that early societies preferred barter to modern currency.
    • BIt demonstrates that money was invented before the concept of debt.
    • CIt reveals that early economies relied on gift-giving and credit rather than spot barter.
    • DIt proves that tax collection was completely absent in ancient civilizations.
    查看原文

    The classical economic narrative suggests that money arose naturally to solve the inefficiencies of barter, specifically the 'coincidence of wants' problem, where two parties must desire each other's precise goods. However, historical and anthropological evidence paints a vastly different picture. Early communities rarely engaged in immediate, spot-market bartering; instead, they operated on complex systems of mutual gift-giving and informal credit. Money emerged not as a convenient medium to replace barter, but largely as a tool for rulers to collect taxes and manage state debts. This distinction challenges our fundamental assumptions about the natural evolution of market economies. [Q10] According to the speaker, how does historical evidence contradict the classical narrative of money's origin?

    中文翻译

    经典的经济学观点认为，货币的产生是自然的，旨在解决物物交换效率低下的问题，特别是“需求的双重巧合”（coincidence of wants）问题，即交易双方必须恰好都需要对方的特定商品。然而，历史和人类学的证据却描绘了一幅截然不同的画面。早期社群极少进行即时的现货市场物物交换；相反，他们依赖于互赠礼物和非正式信用这一复杂系统来运作。货币的出现并非是作为替代物物交换的便利媒介，而主要是统治者用来征税和管理国家债务的工具。这一区别挑战了我们关于市场经济自然演变的基本假设。[Q10] 根据发言者的说法，历史证据是如何反驳关于货币起源的经典观点的？

  1. 第 11 题

    • AIt reduces the environmental degradation associated with agriculture.
    • BIt provides significantly higher concentrations of essential vitamins.
    • CIt eliminates the need for manual labor in crop cultivation.
    • DIt lowers the retail cost of fresh produce for low-income consumers.
    查看原文

    The debate surrounding organic agriculture often centers on health benefits, with proponents asserting superior nutritional profiles. Scientific meta-analyses, however, suggest that the nutritional disparities between organic and conventional produce are relatively marginal. The true value proposition of organic farming lies in environmental stewardship. By eliminating synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, organic practices foster soil biodiversity, minimize water contamination, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Consumers purchasing organic goods are therefore investing in ecological health rather than procuring a vastly superior source of vitamins. [Q11] According to the speaker, what is the primary benefit of organic farming?

    中文翻译

    围绕有机农业的争论通常聚焦于其健康益处，支持者声称其营养成分更为优越。然而，科学的荟萃分析表明，有机农产品与常规农产品之间的营养差异其实微乎其微。有机农业的真正价值在于对环境的维护。通过不使用合成农药和化肥，有机种植方式能够促进土壤生物多样性，减少水体污染，并降低温室气体排放。因此，消费者购买有机商品，实际上是在为生态健康投资，而非获取某种营养价值远超普通的维生素来源。

  1. 第 12 题

    • AIt allows models to process larger datasets at a faster rate.
    • BIt guarantees that the AI will always make error-free decisions.
    • CIt reduces the computing power required to train complex networks.
    • DIt enables practitioners to detect underlying biases and errors.
    查看原文

    As machine learning models grow increasingly complex, the demand for explainable artificial intelligence—or XAI—has intensified. Deep neural networks, often referred to as 'black boxes,' make highly accurate predictions but offer no insight into their underlying decision-making pathways. In high-stakes fields such as healthcare diagnostics or automated finance, this lack of transparency poses severe ethical and operational risks. Without understanding why a model reached a specific conclusion, practitioners cannot confidently identify systemic biases or system failures. Consequently, the pursuit of model interpretability is becoming as crucial as the pursuit of predictive accuracy. [Q12] Why is explainability considered crucial in high-stakes AI applications?

    中文翻译

    随着机器学习模型变得越来越复杂，对可解释人工智能（简称 XAI）的需求也日益迫切。深度神经网络通常被称为“黑盒”，它们虽然能做出高度准确的预测，但却无法让人洞察其潜在的决策路径。在医疗诊断或自动金融等高风险领域，这种缺乏透明度 flee 的情况会带来严重的道德和运营风险。如果不理解模型为何得出特定结论，从业人员就无法有把握地识别出系统性偏见或系统故障。因此，对模型可解释性的追求正变得与追求预测准确性同等重要。[Q12] 为什么在关键的高风险人工智能应用中，可解释性被认为是至关重要的？

  1. 第 13 题

    • ABoth technologies immediately reduced the cost of book production globally.
    • BBoth were heavily subsidized by the government in their early stages.
    • CBoth led to information overload and a crisis of authority.
    • DBoth successfully eliminated the spread of false information.
    查看原文

    While Johannes Gutenberg's printing press is widely celebrated for democratizing access to knowledge, its initial impact was deeply unsettling to contemporary authorities. The sudden proliferation of texts stripped traditional institutions, particularly the Church, of their role as the sole gatekeepers of truth. Anyone with a printing press could disseminate ideas, leading to a volatile marketplace of information where accurate scholarship competed directly with sensationalized fabrications. This democratization did not instantly usher in an era of enlightenment; rather, it initiated a turbulent period of information overload and authority crises not unlike the early days of the internet. [Q13] What parallel does the speaker draw between the invention of the printing press and the internet?

    中文翻译

    虽然约翰内斯·古腾堡的印刷机因推动了知识传播的民主化而广受赞誉，但其最初的影响却让当时的权威机构深感不安。文本的突然激增剥夺了传统机构（尤其是教会）作为真理唯一把关人的角色。任何拥有印刷机的人都可以传播思想，从而导致了一个动荡的信息市场的出现，在这里，严谨的学术研究与博人眼球的虚假编造直接展开竞争。这种民主化并没有立即迎来一个启蒙时代，相反，它引发了一个信息过载和权威危机的动荡时期，这与互联网的早期阶段非常相似。

  1. 第 14 题

    • AIt can be processed into rocket propellant to fuel deep-space missions.
    • BIt contains trace amounts of rare-earth metals that cannot be found on Earth.
    • CIt is easier to transport back to Earth than platinum-group metals.
    • DIt acts as a natural shield protecting spacecraft from cosmic radiation.
    查看原文

    Asteroid mining has transitioned from the realm of science fiction to a serious pursuit for private enterprises. These celestial bodies are rich in platinum-group metals, which are essential for manufacturing electronics and clean energy technologies but are increasingly scarce on Earth. However, the most valuable resource for immediate space exploration is water ice, commonly found on near-Earth asteroids. By harvesting ice and splitting it into hydrogen and oxygen, missions can produce rocket propellant in deep space. This in-situ resource utilization could establish interplanetary fueling stations, bypassing the immense energy cost of launching fuel from Earth's gravity well. [Q14] Why is water ice on asteroids considered highly valuable for space exploration?

    中文翻译

    小行星采矿已从科幻概念转变为私营企业切实追求的目标。这些天体富含铂族金属，这些金属是制造电子产品和清洁能源技术必不可少的原料，但在地球上却日益稀缺。然而，对于当前的太空探索而言，最宝贵的资源是水冰，它常见于近地小行星上。通过采集水冰并将其分解为氢和氧，太空任务可以在深空中制造火箭推进剂。这种原位资源利用可以建立起星际加油站，从而规避从地球重力井发射燃料所需的巨大能量成本。[Q14] 为什么小行星上的水冰被认为对太空探索具有极高的价值？

  1. 第 15 题

    • ABy waiting for a larger crowd to gather before taking action.
    • BBy remaining calm to avoid causing panic among the observers.
    • CBy broadcasting the emergency on public communication channels.
    • DBy assigning specific responsibilities directly to individual bystanders.
    查看原文

    The bystander effect is a well-documented psychological phenomenon wherein individuals are less likely to offer help in an emergency when other people are present. This inaction is primarily driven by two cognitive processes: diffusion of responsibility, where each person assumes someone else will intervene, and pluralistic ignorance, where individuals look to others to gauge how to react. If everyone else appears calm, the situation is collectively deemed non-urgent. To combat this bias, safety experts recommend explicitly delegating tasks to specific individuals during a crisis, thereby neutralizing the psychological safety of anonymity. [Q15] How can the bystander effect be mitigated during an emergency, according to safety experts?

    中文翻译

    旁观者效应是一种已被充分证实的心理学现象，指在紧急情况下，由于有其他人在场，个人提供帮助的可能性会降低。这种袖手旁观的行为主要由两种认知过程驱动：一是责任分散，即每个人都认为别人会出手相助；二是多元无知，即个人通过观察他人的反应来评估自己该如何应对。如果其他人都表现得十分平静，大家就会共同认为情况并不紧急。为了应对这一偏差，安全专家建议在危机发生时，明确将任务指派给特定的个人，从而消除匿名性带来的心理安全感。[Q15] 根据安全专家的说法，在紧急情况下如何缓解旁观者效应？

第二部分

  1. 第 16 题

    • AThey were designed to save costs but actually increase operational overhead.
    • BThey facilitate international collaboration but alienate local team members.
    • CThey aim to improve communication but can diminish high-concentration productivity.
    • DThey are highly secure but lead to frequent technical glitches.
    查看原文

    While the proliferation of collaborative digital workspaces has ostensibly streamlined corporate communication, empirical evidence suggests a paradoxical decline in deep-focus productivity. Employees frequently find themselves trapped in a cycle of perpetual availability, responding to low-urgency notifications at the expense of cognitive-intensive tasks. To mitigate this digital fatigue, several progressive firms are implementing 'asynchronous-first' communication protocols. This paradigm shift requires team members to document inquiries thoroughly, allowing recipients the autonomy to respond within a designated timeframe rather than demanding instantaneous feedback. Consequently, this not only safeguards uninterrupted working blocks but also fosters a culture of deliberate, well-considered decision-making. [Q16] What is the primary paradox of collaborative digital workspaces mentioned by the speaker?

    中文翻译

    尽管协同数字化办公空间的普及表面上简化了企业内部沟通，但实证证据表明，这反而在矛盾中导致了深度专注力生产力的下降。员工们经常发现自己陷入了“随时待命”的恶性循环，以牺牲高认知要求的任务为代价，去回复那些紧迫性较低的通知。为了缓解这种数字化疲劳，一些具有前瞻性的企业正在推行“异步优先”的沟通协议。这一范式转变要求团队成员详细记录咨询内容，给予接收方在指定时间段内回复的自主权，而不是要求立即反馈。因此，这不仅保障了不被打扰的连续工作时间，还培养了一种深思熟虑、决策周延的文化。

  1. 第 17 题

    • AHigher employee satisfaction rates.
    • BThe prioritization of trivial notifications over complex tasks.
    • CImproved real-time problem solving during crises.
    • DIncreased competitiveness in the global market.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q16.) [Q17] According to the passage, what does 'perpetual availability' lead to?

    中文翻译

    （与第16题共用材料。）[第17题] 根据文章内容，常态化的“随时待命”（perpetual availability）会导致什么？

  1. 第 18 题

    • ARequiring employees to attend more virtual meetings during the day.
    • BEncouraging immediate, short replies to keep workflows moving.
    • CHaving employees write out queries comprehensively and allowing delayed responses.
    • DRestricting all digital communications to standard office hours.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q16.) [Q18] What does the 'asynchronous-first' communication protocol entail?

    中文翻译

    “异步优先”沟通规范具体包含什么内容？

  1. 第 19 题

    • AIt reduces the firm's expenditure on software licenses.
    • BIt eliminates the need for middle-management supervision.
    • CIt allows companies to hire employees from diverse time zones.
    • DIt encourages more thoughtful and deliberate decision-making.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q16.) [Q19] What is a secondary benefit of adopting asynchronous communication as stated in the text?

    中文翻译

    根据文中的表述，采用异步沟通的次要好处是什么？

  1. 第 20 题

    • AFavorable, presenting them as a viable solution to digital fatigue.
    • BSkeptical of their feasibility in fast-paced industries.
    • CIndifferent, viewing them as a passing corporate fad.
    • DCritical, noting they might isolate remote workers.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q16.) [Q20] What is the speaker's attitude toward 'asynchronous-first' protocols?

    中文翻译

    说话者对“异步优先”协议持什么态度？

  1. 第 21 题

    • AIt utilizes natural sunlight more effectively than traditional farming.
    • BIt drastically reduces water consumption compared to standard methods.
    • CIt enriches the soil with natural organic compounds.
    • DIt requires less initial capital investment than rural farming.
    查看原文

    Vertical farming has emerged as a compelling alternative to traditional agriculture, particularly in urban centers where arable land is scarce. By utilizing stacked layers in controlled environments, these facilities optimize resource efficiency, utilizing up to ninety percent less water than conventional farms. Furthermore, the elimination of soil-borne pests obviates the need for chemical pesticides, resulting in cleaner, more consistent yields. However, critics point out that the substantial energy demands of high-intensity LED lighting systems present a significant ecological hurdle. Unless these facilities are powered entirely by renewable energy sources, their carbon footprint may offset the environmental benefits gained from reduced transportation distances and water conservation. [Q21] What is a primary resource benefit of vertical farming mentioned in the passage?

    中文翻译

    垂直农业已成为传统农业备受瞩目的替代选择，尤其是在耕地稀缺的城市中心。通过在受控环境中使用多层堆叠结构，这些设施优化了资源利用效率，比传统农场节省高达90%的水资源。此外，由于消除了土传病虫害，因此无需使用化学农药，从而带来了更清洁、更稳定的产量。然而，批评人士指出，高强度LED照明系统巨大的能源需求构成了一个重大的生态障碍。除非这些设施完全由可再生能源驱动，否则其产生的碳足迹可能会抵消因缩短运输距离和节水所带来的环境效益。

  1. 第 22 题

    • AThe closed, soil-free environment prevents pest infestations.
    • BThe plants are genetically modified to resist pests.
    • CNatural predators are introduced to eliminate insects.
    • DThe LED lights emit frequencies that repel pests.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q21.) [Q22] Why is the use of chemical pesticides unnecessary in vertical farming?

    中文翻译

    (与第21题共用文章。)[第22题] 为什么垂直农业不需要使用化学农药？

  1. 第 23 题

    • AThe excessive noise pollution generated by the facilities.
    • BThe risk of soil depletion over extended cultivation cycles.
    • CThe high energy consumption of the required artificial lighting.
    • DThe potential contamination of local municipal water supplies.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q21.) [Q23] What is the main ecological concern raised by critics of vertical farming?

    中文翻译

    （与第21题共用文章。）[第23题] 批评人士对垂直农业提出的主要生态担忧是什么？

  1. 第 24 题

    • AWhen it is limited to growing high-value ornamental crops.
    • BWhen the facilities rely completely on renewable energy sources.
    • CWhen it is integrated into existing residential buildings.
    • DWhen traditional farmers transition fully to the new technology.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q21.) [Q24] Under what condition does the speaker suggest vertical farming is truly sustainable?

    中文翻译

    （与第21题共用听力文本。）[第24题] 发言者认为在什么条件下垂直农业才是真正可持续的？

  1. 第 25 题

    • AWholly dismissive of vertical farming's potential.
    • BOverly optimistic without considering any drawbacks.
    • CBalanced, presenting both the advantages and ecological challenges.
    • DHighly technical and focused exclusively on financial feasibility.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q21.) [Q25] Which of the following best describes the overall tone of the passage?

    中文翻译

    （与第21题共用听力文本。）

  1. 第 26 题

    • AIt increases translation costs while making learning materials cheaper.
    • BIt both accelerates language marginalization and provides tools for preservation.
    • CIt helps older speakers connect but alienates younger generations.
    • DIt promotes written literacy at the expense of spoken dialects.
    查看原文

    The digital age presents a dual-edged sword for the preservation of endangered languages. On one hand, global connectivity facilitates the rapid spread of dominant languages, accelerating the marginalization of minority tongues. On the other hand, digital tools offer unprecedented opportunities for documentation and revitalization. Linguists are now leveraging mobile applications, interactive dictionaries, and crowdsourced translation platforms to record oral traditions and provide accessible learning materials to younger generations. The success of these digital initiatives, however, hinges on active community engagement; without a passionate base of native speakers willing to integrate these tools into daily life, technology alone cannot breathe permanent vitality into a fading language. [Q26] Why does the digital age represent a 'dual-edged sword' for endangered languages?

    中文翻译

    数字时代对于濒危语言的保护来说是一把双刃剑。一方面，全球互联促进了主流语言的快速传播，加速了少数族裔语言的边缘化。另一方面，数字工具为语言记录和复兴提供了前所未有的机遇。语言学家现在正利用移动应用程序、互动词典和众包翻译平台来记录口头传统，并为年轻一代提供易于获取的学习材料。然而，这些数字计划的成功取决于社区的积极参与；如果没有热心的母语使用者将这些工具融入日常生活，单靠技术无法为濒临灭绝的语言注入永久的活力。

  1. 第 27 题

    • ABy developing digital dictionaries, apps, and translation platforms.
    • BBy replacing human teachers with artificial intelligence programs.
    • CBy banning the use of dominant languages in online forums.
    • DBy tracking the geographic movement of native speakers via GPS.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q26.) [Q27] How are linguists currently utilizing technology to preserve languages?

    中文翻译

    [Q27] 语言学家目前是如何利用技术来保护语言的？

  1. 第 28 题

    • ASecuring government funding for global software development.
    • BStandardizing spelling systems across all related dialects.
    • CActive participation and integration by the speaker community.
    • DLimiting access to digital tools to verified academic researchers.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q26.) [Q28] According to the speaker, what is critical for the success of digital language preservation?

    中文翻译

    （与第26题共用材料）[第28题] 根据发言者的说法，数字语言保护成功的关键是什么？

  1. 第 29 题

    • ATo record every spoken word for historical archives.
    • BTo ensure a language remains actively used and alive.
    • CTo translate modern literature into old dialects.
    • DTo enforce language laws in educational institutions.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q26.) [Q29] What does the phrase 'breathe permanent vitality' mean in the context of the passage?

    中文翻译

    （与第26题共用短文。）[Q29] 在短文语境中，“breathe permanent vitality”这一短语是什么意思？

  1. 第 30 题

    • AIt is a complete solution that guarantees success.
    • BIt is primarily a threat and should be avoided by minor communities.
    • CIt is a useful medium but insufficient without human commitment.
    • DIt is only effective for highly structured, European languages.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q26.) [Q30] What can be inferred about the role of technology in language preservation?

    中文翻译

    （与第26题共享原文）[Q30] 关于技术在语言保护中的作用，可以推断出什么？

  1. 第 31 题

    • APrioritizing value-based metrics over sheer visitor volume.
    • BTransitioning from high-end luxury resorts to budget hostels.
    • CEliminating international travel in favor of domestic tourism.
    • DOutsourcing tourism management to global travel agencies.
    查看原文

    Overtourism has prompted many fragile destinations to reconsider their tourism models, moving away from volume-based metrics toward value-based ones. Instead of measuring success by the sheer number of arrivals, local authorities are focusing on economic yield and environmental preservation. One innovative approach is Community-Based Tourism, where local residents directly manage and host travel experiences. This model ensures that economic benefits are retained within the community rather than leaking to multinational corporations. Additionally, by capping visitor numbers and offering curated, educational itineraries, these destinations can protect their natural assets while offering travelers a genuinely authentic cultural exchange. [Q31] What paradigm shift is occurring in fragile destinations regarding tourism?

    中文翻译

    过度旅游已促使许多脆弱的旅游目的地重新审视其旅游发展模式，从过去追求“游客数量”向追求“质量与价值”转变。地方政府不再单纯以游客接待量来衡量成功，而是将重心转向经济效益和生态保护。其中一种创新途径是“社区主导型旅游”（Community-Based Tourism），即由当地居民直接管理和提供旅游体验。这种模式能确保经济红利留在本地社区，避免流向跨国企业。此外，通过限制游客人数并提供精心设计的教育性行程，这些目的地既能保护其自然资源，又能为游客提供真正纯正的文化交流。

  1. 第 32 题

    • AIt is funded entirely by international non-governmental organizations.
    • BLocal residents take direct charge of managing and hosting travel programs.
    • CVisitors are required to perform volunteer work throughout their stay.
    • DIt focuses exclusively on urban architectural tours.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q31.) [Q32] What is a defining characteristic of Community-Based Tourism?

    中文翻译

    （与第31题共用材料。）[第32题] 社区旅游（Community-Based Tourism）的核心特征是什么？

  1. 第 33 题

    • ABy offering massive discounts to budget-conscious travelers.
    • BBy keeping revenues within the local community instead of multinational firms.
    • CBy charging visitors high entry fees at municipal borders.
    • DBy avoiding the use of modern banking and online payments.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q31.) [Q33] How does Community-Based Tourism address the financial leakage problem?

    中文翻译

    社区旅游是如何解决资金外流问题的？

  1. 第 34 题

    • ABanning tourists from taking photos of natural landmarks.
    • BClosing down all local businesses during the peak summer seasons.
    • CRequiring tourists to travel only with government-appointed security guards.
    • DLimiting visitor numbers and designing curated, educational itineraries.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q31.) [Q34] What measures are taken under this model to protect natural assets?

    中文翻译

    该模式下采取了哪些措施来保护自然资产？

  1. 第 35 题

    • ATo criticize travelers for visiting popular global destinations.
    • BTo promote specific travel agencies that offer cheap flights.
    • CTo advocate for a more sustainable, community-centered approach to tourism.
    • DTo explain the history of multinational hospitality corporations.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q31.) [Q35] What is the speaker's main purpose in this talk?

    中文翻译

    （与第31题共用素材。）[第35题] 说话者本次发言的主要目的是什么？

  1. 第 36 题

    • ACramming only provides short-term recall, while distributed practice aids long-term retention.
    • BCramming is more mentally stimulating, whereas distributed practice is repetitive.
    • CCramming is preferred by educators, while students prefer distributed practice.
    • DCramming requires advanced planning, while distributed practice is spontaneous.
    查看原文

    When preparing for examinations, students frequently resort to 'cramming'—massing study sessions into a single, exhausting block. While this may yield temporary recall for an immediate test, cognitive psychology consistently demonstrates that 'distributed practice' yields superior long-term retention. By spacing study intervals over days or weeks, the brain is forced to retrieve information repeatedly, which strengthens neural pathways. This phenomenon, known as the spacing effect, is further enhanced when combined with active recall, such as testing oneself rather than passively rereading notes. Although distributed practice requires more planning and initially feels more difficult, it ultimately leads to more durable and versatile knowledge structures. [Q36] How does the speaker contrast 'cramming' with 'distributed practice'?

    中文翻译

    在备考时，学生们经常会采取“突击死记硬背”（cramming）的方式，即将学习任务压缩在单一且令人筋疲力尽的时间段内完成。虽然这可能会在即将来临的考试中带来暂时的记忆，但认知心理学不断证实，“分布式练习”（distributed practice）具有更优的长期记忆保持效果。通过将学习间隔拉长至几天或几周，大脑会被迫反复提取信息，从而强化了神经通路。这种被称为“间隔效应”（spacing effect）的现象，在与“主动回忆”（active recall，如自我测试，而非被动地重读笔记）相结合时，其效果会得到进一步增强。尽管分布式练习需要更多的规划，且刚开始会觉得更困难，但它最终能够构建出更牢固、更灵活的知识结构。

  1. 第 37 题

    • AIt allows the brain to rest and completely forget the material.
    • BIt reduces the physical strain on the student's eyes and posture.
    • CIt forces the brain to repeatedly retrieve the stored information.
    • DIt increases the speed of reading during initial study phases.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q36.) [Q37] Why does spacing study intervals strengthen neural pathways?

    中文翻译

    （与第36题共用听力材料。）[第37题] 为什么拉开学习时间间隔能够强化神经通路？

  1. 第 38 题

    • APassively highlighting key terms in a textbook.
    • BListening to background music while studying.
    • CReviewing notes immediately before going to sleep.
    • DPracticing active recall, such as self-testing.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q36.) [Q38] What study technique is mentioned as a way to enhance the spacing effect?

    中文翻译

    （与第36题共用短文）[第38题] 提到哪种学习技巧可以用来增强间隔效应？

  1. 第 39 题

    • AIt requires more organization and can initially feel more challenging.
    • BIt has been proven ineffective for advanced scientific subjects.
    • CIt demands expensive specialized software to track study sessions.
    • DIt is banned by most academic institutions during final exams.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q36.) [Q39] Why might some students avoid distributed practice despite its benefits?

    中文翻译

    （与第36题共用材料）[第39题] 为什么有些学生尽管知道分散练习的好处，却可能不愿采用这种方法？

  1. 第 40 题

    • AStudents should focus on passive reading to save mental energy.
    • BCramming is the most efficient way to achieve perfect grades with minimal effort.
    • CSpaced, active study methods are far more effective for durable learning than cramming.
    • DCognitive psychology cannot explain how students learn complex information.
    查看原文

    (Shared passage with Q36.) [Q40] What is the main message of the passage regarding learning?

    中文翻译

    (与第36题共用材料。) [第40题] 关于学习，这段材料主要传达了什么核心信息？

同类试卷