Jensen Huang: The AI Revolution黃仁勳：AI 革命
聆聽課程
0:00
0:00
EN： The sentence uses the Past Simple tense ('were', 'struggled') to describe completed states and actions in a specific period of the past. It also uses the coordinating conjunction 'and' to link two independent clauses of equal importance.
中文： 本句使用了過去簡單式（'were', 'struggled'）來描述過去特定時期的完成狀態與行動。此外，使用了對等連接詞 'and' 來連接兩個重要性相等的獨立子句。
The project was very complex, and the team worked late every night.
這個專案非常複雜，團隊每天晚上都加班。
EN： Adverb of Degree: The word 'incredibly' is an adverb used to modify the adjective 'difficult,' intensifying its meaning to show an extreme level.
中文： 程度副詞：'incredibly' 是一個副詞，用來修飾形容詞 'difficult'，強化其語意以表示極端的程度。
The exam was incredibly easy for her.
這次考試對她來說極其簡單。
EN： NVIDIA is now a global leader in AI, but this sentence highlights the 'Silicon Valley struggle' narrative, where even the most successful tech giants often started on the brink of failure.
中文： 輝達現在是全球 AI 領域的領導者，但這句話強調了「矽谷式奮鬥」的敘事：即使是現今最成功的科技巨頭，往往也是從瀕臨失敗的邊緣起步的。
EN： The use of the Past Simple tense ('failed', 'went') indicates completed actions in the past. 'Go bankrupt' is a common collocation (verb + adjective) meaning to lose all money and be unable to pay debts.
中文： 使用過去簡單式（failed, went）表示過去已完成的動作。「Go bankrupt」是一個常見的詞組搭配（動詞 + 形容詞），意指失去所有資金且無力償還債務。
The small bookstore went bankrupt after the large mall opened nearby.
在那家大型購物中心於附近開幕後，這間小書店就破產了。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used here to connect two independent clauses, showing a sequence of related events or a cause-and-effect relationship.
中文： 對等連接詞「and」在此用於連接兩個獨立子句，顯示一系列相關事件或因果關係。
He lost his keys, and he had to wait outside for hours.
他弄丟了鑰匙，所以他必須在外面等好幾個小時。
EN： In Silicon Valley culture, failure is often seen as a necessary stepping stone to success. NVIDIA's story is a classic example of the 'pivot'—changing strategy when the original plan fails.
中文： 在矽谷文化中，失敗通常被視為通往成功的必要基石。輝達的故事是「轉型」（pivot）的經典案例——即在原始計劃失敗時果斷改變策略。
EN： The semi-modal verb 'had to' is the past tense of 'have to,' used to express a strong external obligation or necessity that occurred in the past.
中文： 半助動詞 'had to' 是 'have to' 的過去式，用於表達過去發生的強烈外部義務或必要性（不得不）。
We had to cancel the meeting because of the storm.
因為暴風雨，我們不得不取消會議。
EN： The phrasal verb 'lay off' means to stop employing someone, usually because there is no work for them to do or for financial reasons, rather than due to their performance.
中文： 片語動詞 'lay off' 意為「解僱」或「裁員」，通常是因為公司營運狀況或財務原因，而非員工表現不佳。
The factory was forced to lay off twenty workers.
工廠被迫裁減了二十名工人。
EN： In Silicon Valley culture, 'laying off' staff is seen as a painful but sometimes necessary step for a startup's survival. Jensen Huang's decision to cut 50% of his workforce is often cited in his biography as a pivotal moment of leadership during NVIDIA's near-collapse.
中文： 在矽谷文化中，「裁員」被視為初創公司生存下去雖然痛苦但有時必要的步驟。黃仁勳決定裁減 50% 的員工，常在他的傳記中被引用為 NVIDIA 瀕臨崩潰時，展現領導力的關鍵時刻。
EN： The verb 'refuse' is followed by a to-infinitive (to + base verb) to indicate what action someone is declining to do.
中文： 動詞 'refuse' (拒絕) 後方接不定詞 (to + 原型動詞)，用來表示某人拒絕執行的動作。
She refused to sign the contract without a lawyer.
她拒絕在沒有律師的情況下簽署合約。
EN： The verb 'pivot' is often used in business contexts to describe a fundamental change in strategy or direction, usually followed by the preposition 'to'.
中文： 動詞 'pivot' (轉向/轉型) 在商業語境中常用來描述策略或方向的根本性改變，通常後接介係詞 'to' 指向新的目標。
The startup pivoted to a subscription-based model.
這家初創公司轉向了訂閱制的商業模式。
EN： The term 'pivot' is a hallmark of Silicon Valley culture, representing the resilience and flexibility required for tech startups to survive by changing their core product when the original plan fails.
中文： 「Pivot」(轉向) 一詞是矽谷文化的標誌，代表了科技初創公司在原始計劃失敗時，透過改變核心產品來生存所需的韌性與靈活性。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the focus is on the recipient of the action rather than the doer. Here, 'were designed' indicates that the GPUs did not design themselves.
中文： 被動語態 (be + 過去分詞)：用於強調動作的接受者而非執行者。在此句中，「were designed」表示 GPU 並非自行設計，而是被設計出來的。
The bridge was built in 1990.
這座橋建於 1990 年。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): Used as a reduced relative clause or to show a simultaneous result/action. 'Providing' explains the result or function of the GPUs being designed for games.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing)：用作簡化的關係子句，或表示同時發生的結果或動作。「Providing」在此解釋了 GPU 為遊戲設計後所產生的功能或結果。
He sat by the window, reading a book.
他坐在窗邊看書。
EN： In the tech industry, GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) were initially niche products for gamers. NVIDIA's success came from realizing their potential for parallel processing, which is essential for modern AI.
中文： 在科技產業中，GPU（圖形處理器）最初是針對遊戲玩家的利基產品。NVIDIA 的成功源於意識到它們在並行運算方面的潛力，這對於現代人工智慧至關重要。
EN： Comparative Adjectives: The word 'bigger' is the comparative form of 'big'. It is used to compare two things, often followed by 'than' to introduce the second element of comparison.
中文： 比較級形容詞：'bigger' 是 'big' 的比較級形式。用於比較兩者，通常後接 'than' 來引出比較的對象。
This project is more complex than the previous one.
這個專案比上一個更複雜。
EN： Indefinite Pronouns as Objects: 'Something' is an indefinite pronoun used here as the direct object. When modified by an adjective like 'bigger', the adjective typically follows the pronoun.
中文： 不定代名詞作為受詞：'Something' 是不定代名詞，在此擔任直接受詞。當它被形容詞（如 bigger）修飾時，形容詞通常放在代名詞之後。
I want to try something different today.
我今天想嘗試一些不同的東西。
EN： In the tech industry, 'gaming' was long seen as a niche or toy market. Jensen Huang's insight was to see the underlying mathematical power of GPUs, which eventually led to the AI revolution. This sentence highlights the 'visionary' aspect of successful tech CEOs.
中文： 在科技產業中，「遊戲」長期被視為小眾或玩具市場。黃仁勳的洞察力在於看見了 GPU 底層的數學運算能力，這最終引發了 AI 革命。這句話強調了成功科技執行長的「遠見」特質。
EN： The sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a direct object, where the conjunction 'that' is omitted after the reporting verb 'realized'. This structure is common in spoken and informal written English to connect a thought or discovery to the subject.
中文： 本句在動詞「realized」之後省略了連接詞「that」，引導一個名詞子句作為受詞。這種結構在口語或非正式寫作中非常常見，用來連接主詞所發現或想到的內容。
She realized the train had already left.
她意識到火車已經開走了。
EN： The modal verb 'could' is used here to express past ability or possibility, matching the past tense of the main verb 'realized'.
中文： 助動詞「could」在此處用於表達過去的能力或可能性，以配合主句動詞「realized」的過去時態。
They believed they could win the championship.
他們相信他們能夠贏得冠軍。
EN： The term 'GPU' (Graphics Processing Unit) was originally associated only with gaming. Jensen Huang's 'realization' mentioned here refers to a pivotal moment in tech history where these chips were repurposed for general-purpose computing, leading to the modern AI boom.
中文： 「GPU」（圖形處理器）一詞最初僅與遊戲相關。這裡提到的黃仁勳的「意識到」是指科技史上的一個關鍵時刻，即這些晶片被重新定義用於通用計算，進而引發了現代人工智慧的蓬勃發展。
EN： The verb 'decide' is followed by a 'to-infinitive' (to + base verb) when expressing a choice or a plan for future action.
中文： 動詞 'decide' (決定) 後方接不定詞 (to + 原形動詞)，用來表達對未來行動的選擇或計畫。
She decided to start her own business last year.
她去年決定要自己創業。
EN： The structure 'make + object + adjective' is used to describe causing someone or something to be in a certain state or condition.
中文： 使用 'make + 受詞 + 形容詞' 的結構，用來描述使某人或某物處於某種特定狀態或情況。
The new software makes the process faster.
這款新軟體使流程變得更快。
EN： This sentence reflects a pivotal moment in tech history. Jensen Huang's decision to move beyond gaming (the original purpose of GPUs) is what allowed NVIDIA to lead the current AI revolution.
中文： 這句話反映了科技史上的關鍵時刻。黃仁勳決定超越遊戲領域（GPU 的最初用途），正是這項決策讓 NVIDIA 能夠領導當前的 AI 革命。
EN： Adverbial Clause of Time: The sentence begins with a subordinate clause introduced by 'When', which sets the time frame for the main action. In English, when the dependent clause comes first, it is usually separated by a comma.
中文： 時間副詞子句：句子以 'When' 引導的從屬子句開頭，為主要動作設定了時間背景。在英文中，當從屬子句放在句首時，通常會用逗號與主句隔開。
When the sun sets, the temperature drops quickly.
當太陽下山時，氣溫會迅速下降。
EN： Past Simple Tense: Both 'exploded' and 'were' are in the past simple tense, used to describe completed actions or states at a specific point in the past (2012).
中文： 過去簡單式：'exploded' 和 'were' 均使用過去簡單式，用於描述在過去特定時間點（2012年）已經完成的動作或存在的狀態。
The company was small when it started in 1993.
這間公司在 1993 年創立時規模很小。
EN： The year 2012 is a landmark in AI history because of 'AlexNet,' a deep learning model that used NVIDIA GPUs to win a major image recognition contest, proving that GPUs were far superior to traditional CPUs for AI tasks.
中文： 2012 年是人工智慧史上的里程碑，因為當年名為 'AlexNet' 的深度學習模型利用輝達的 GPU 贏得了重大的影像辨識競賽，證明了 GPU 在處理 AI 任務上遠優於傳統的 CPU。
EN： The word 'Every' is a determiner used with singular countable nouns to refer to all members of a group. Even though it implies a plural group, the noun following it must be singular, and the verb must agree with a singular subject.
中文： 單詞 'Every' 是限定詞，與單數可數名詞連用，用來指代群體中的所有成員。儘管它暗示了一個複數群體，但其後接的名詞必須是單數，且動詞必須符合單數主詞的用法。
Every student has a unique talent.
每個學生都有獨特的才能。
EN： The 'to-infinitive' (to + base verb) is used here as an adverbial of purpose, explaining 'why' the researchers needed the chips.
中文： 不定詞（to + 原形動詞）在此處用作目的副詞，解釋了研究人員「為什麼」需要這些晶片。
She saved money to buy a new laptop.
她存錢是為了買一台新筆記型電腦。
EN： In the tech industry, 'powering' something often refers to providing the necessary computational resources or energy for a system to function. NVIDIA's transition from gaming to AI infrastructure is a pivotal moment in modern computing history.
中文： 在科技產業中，「powering」某事通常是指為系統運行提供必要的運算資源或能量。輝達從遊戲領域轉向人工智慧基礎設施，是現代運算史上的關鍵時刻。
EN： The sentence uses a Relative Clause (Adjective Clause) where the relative pronoun 'that' or 'which' is omitted. 'Jensen almost lost' modifies 'The company'.
中文： 本句使用了關係子句（形容詞子句），省略了關係代名詞 that 或 which。「Jensen almost lost」用來修飾先行詞「The company」。
The book I bought yesterday is very interesting.
我昨天買的那本書非常有趣。
EN： The Linking Verb 'became' connects the subject to a subject complement, indicating a change in state or status.
中文： 連綴動詞「became」將主詞與主詞補語連接起來，表示狀態或身份的轉變。
The small startup became a global leader.
這家小型新創公司變成了全球領導者。
EN： This sentence highlights the 'comeback story' trope common in Silicon Valley culture, where failure is often seen as a necessary stepping stone to massive success.
中文： 這句話強調了矽谷文化中常見的「東山再起」敘事，失敗通常被視為通往巨大成功的必要墊腳石。
EN： The verb 'became' is a linking verb (copula) that connects the subject to a subject complement (adjective or noun) to describe a change in state.
中文： 動詞 'became' (變成) 是一個連綴動詞，用來連接主詞與主詞補語（形容詞或名詞），以描述狀態的改變。
The weather became cold suddenly.
天氣突然變冷了。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'in the field of' is a common collocation used to specify a particular area of study, work, or expertise.
中文： 介係詞短語 'in the field of' (在...領域) 是一個常見的固定搭配，用於指定特定的研究、工作或專業領域。
She is an expert in the field of medicine.
她是醫學領域的專家。
EN： NVIDIA's dominance in AI is a major shift from its origins as a gaming hardware company. The term 'AI' (Artificial Intelligence) has become a central buzzword in global technology and economics since the early 2020s.
中文： 輝達在人工智慧領域的主導地位象徵著其從遊戲硬體公司轉型的重大成功。自 2020 年代初以來，「AI」（人工智慧）已成為全球科技與經濟的核心關鍵字。
EN： The phrase 'be famous for' is used to describe the reason or characteristic for which a person or thing is well-known. It is followed by a noun or a gerund (V-ing).
中文： 片語 'be famous for' 用於描述某人或某事聞名的原因或特徵。其後接名詞或動名詞 (V-ing)。
Paris is famous for its beautiful architecture and art museums.
巴黎以其美麗的建築和藝術博物館而聞名。
EN： Apposition (Appositive): 'An iconic part of his image' is an appositive phrase that renames or provides more information about the preceding noun phrase 'his black leather jacket'. It is usually separated by a comma.
中文： 同位語 (Appositive)：'An iconic part of his image' 是一個同位語短語，用來重新命名或提供關於前一個名詞短語 'his black leather jacket' 的更多資訊。通常用逗號隔開。
Steve Jobs, the co-founder of Apple, was a visionary leader.
史蒂夫·賈伯斯，蘋果公司的共同創辦人，是一位具有遠見的領導者。
EN： In the tech industry, many CEOs adopt a 'uniform' to reduce decision fatigue and create a strong personal brand. Jensen Huang's black leather jacket has become a symbol of NVIDIA's identity, much like Steve Jobs' black turtleneck or Mark Zuckerberg's gray t-shirt.
中文： 在科技產業中，許多執行長會採用一種「制服」來減少決策疲勞並建立強烈的個人品牌。黃仁勳的黑色皮夾克已成為 NVIDIA 身份的象徵，就像史蒂夫·賈伯斯的黑色高領衫或馬克·祖克柏的灰色 T 恤一樣。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): The word 'representing' starts a participle phrase that functions as an adverbial modifier. It describes an action happening simultaneously with the main verb or explains the result/meaning of the main clause.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing)：'representing' 引導一個分詞短語，作為副詞修飾語。它描述與主句動詞同時發生的動作，或解釋主句所代表的意義或結果。
She smiled at the audience, feeling very confident.
她對觀眾微笑，感到非常自信。
EN： Simple Present Tense for Habits: The verb 'wears' is in the simple present tense to indicate a habitual action or a recurring characteristic of the subject.
中文： 現在簡單式表示習慣：動詞 'wears' 使用現在簡單式，用來表示主詞的習慣性動作或反覆發生的特徵。
He drinks coffee every morning before work.
他每天上班前都會喝咖啡。
EN： In the tech industry, iconic clothing (like Jensen Huang's leather jacket or Steve Jobs' black turtleneck) is often used as a personal branding tool to project consistency, focus, and a unique identity.
中文： 在科技產業中，標誌性的服裝（如黃仁勳的皮夾克或賈伯斯的黑色高領衫）常被用作個人品牌工具，用以展現一致性、專注力以及獨特的身份認同。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (Reduced Relative Clause): The phrase 'arriving at...' acts as a modifier describing the subject 'He'. It indicates an action happening simultaneously with the main verb 'works'.
中文： 現在分詞短語（簡化關係子句）：'arriving at...' 作為修飾語來描述主詞 'He'。它表示與主要動詞 'works' 同時發生的動作。
She sat by the window, watching the rain fall.
她坐在窗邊，看著雨落下。
EN： The preposition 'as' for roles: 'As' is used here to indicate the capacity or role in which someone functions (e.g., a job title).
中文： 介係詞 'as' 表示身份：這裡的 'as' 用於表示某人所擔任的職位或角色（例如職稱）。
He joined the team as a consultant.
他以顧問的身份加入了團隊。
EN： The phrase 'before dawn' highlights the 'hustle culture' often associated with successful tech leaders in Silicon Valley, emphasizing extreme discipline and hard work.
中文： 'before dawn'（黎明前）一詞凸顯了矽谷成功科技領袖常見的「拼命文化」，強調極度的自律與勤奮。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): The phrase 'changing the world' is a participle phrase that functions as an adverbial modifier, describing the result or a simultaneous action of the main clause.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing)：'changing the world' 是一個分詞短語，作為狀語修飾語，用來描述主句動作產生的結果或同時發生的動作。
He stood by the window, watching the rain fall.
他站在窗邊，看著雨落下。
EN： Prepositional Phrase as an Adjective: 'From Denny's' is a prepositional phrase that acts as an adjective to modify the noun 'dishwasher', specifying his origin or background.
中文： 介係詞短語作形容詞：'from Denny's' 是一個介係詞短語，充當形容詞來修飾名詞 'dishwasher'（洗碗工），說明他的背景或來源。
The girl from the library is my sister.
那個來自圖書館的女孩是我妹妹。
EN： Denny's is a famous American diner chain. Jensen Huang, the CEO of NVIDIA, famously worked there as a dishwasher in his youth. This 'rags-to-riches' narrative is a quintessential part of the 'American Dream' culture.
中文： Denny's 是美國著名的連鎖平價餐廳。NVIDIA 執行長黃仁勳年輕時曾在那裡擔任洗碗工。這種「白手起家」的敘事是「美國夢」文化的核心組成部分。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 破產的，指企業無法償還債務而面臨倒閉
在本文中： （企業或策略）轉型、改變方向
在本文中： 同時地
在本文中： 投資，投入資金或資源以獲得回報
在本文中： 佔主導地位的、最具優勢的
在本文中： 具代表性的、標誌性的
在本文中： （大會或活動的）主題演講
在本文中： 革命、重大變革
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To stop employing someone, usually because there is no work for them to do.
裁員
To stop trying to do something.
放棄
Very early in the morning, before the sun rises.
黎明前、天亮前
To fundamentally change the direction of a business when the current products or services are not meeting the market's needs.
（企業）轉型 / 改變經營策略
A type of machine learning based on artificial neural networks that allows computers to learn from large amounts of data.
深度學習
To provide the necessary energy or computing capacity for a system or process to function.
驅動 / 為...提供運算動力
A major presentation or speech at a conference that sets the main theme and shares important news.
主講發言 / 專題演講
A particular branch of study or sphere of activity or interest.
領域 / 專業範疇