EN: The Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle) is used here to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a result in the present, or to report recent news.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect (have/has + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa yang tidak spesifik dan memberi kesan kepada masa kini, atau untuk melaporkan berita terkini.
The athlete has broken the world record three times this year.
Atlet itu telah memecahkan rekod dunia tiga kali tahun ini.
EN: The conjunction 'after' introduces a subordinate clause that indicates the sequence of events. In this sentence, the announcement happened, leading to the recognition of the broken record.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung "after" memperkenalkan klausa subordinat yang menunjukkan urutan peristiwa. Dalam ayat ini, pengumuman oleh penganjur berlaku dahulu, kemudian rekod disahkan dipecahkan.
The team celebrated after they won the championship.
Pasukan itu meraikan selepas memenangi kejuaraan.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the six World Marathon Majors. It is famous not only for elite competition but also as a massive fundraising event where many participants run in fancy dress for charity.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (has/have + past participle) is used here to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a result or relevance to the present situation.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect (has/have + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa lalu pada masa yang tidak spesifik, dan tindakan itu berkaitan dengan keadaan sekarang atau menghasilkan hasil.
She has already finished her application for the competition.
Dia telah melengkapkan permohonan untuk perlumbaan itu.
EN: Noun Clauses starting with 'that' function as the object of the verb 'means'. It introduces a statement that explains the implication of the previous sentence.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa nama yang bermula dengan 'that' berfungsi sebagai objek bagi kata kerja 'means'. Ia memperkenalkan satu pernyataan yang menerangkan makna yang tersirat dalam ayat sebelumnya.
The report shows that more people are interested in health.
Laporan itu menunjukkan bahawa semakin ramai orang berminat dalam kesihatan.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the 'World Marathon Majors'. Due to its immense popularity, entry is primarily decided by a 'ballot' (a random draw), making it very difficult for the average person to secure a spot, as reflected in the 1.8% statistic of the entire UK adult population applying.
EN: Non-defining relative clauses: Using ', which' to provide extra information about the entire preceding clause or the noun immediately before it.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif bukan pembatas: Menggunakan ", which" untuk memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang keseluruhan klausa sebelumnya atau kata nama yang berdekatan.
The team won the championship, which surprised everyone.
Pasukan itu memenangi kejuaraan, yang mengejutkan semua orang.
EN: The past simple tense: Used here to describe a completed action in the past (reaching a specific number).
Bahasa Melayu: Past Simple: Digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lalu (mencapai nilai tertentu).
The temperature reached 40 degrees yesterday.
Suhu mencecah 40 darjah semalam.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the six World Marathon Majors. Its popularity is so high that entry is primarily determined by a 'ballot' (a random draw), making it extremely difficult to secure a spot.
EN: Present Perfect Tense (have + past participle): Used to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present, or has relevance to the present moment.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect (have + past participle): Digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan atau keadaan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan sehingga kini, atau berkaitan dengan keadaan sekarang.
The number of runners has increased since 2020.
Bilangan pelari telah meningkat sejak 2020.
EN: Adverb Placement: Adverbs like 'quickly' often follow the verb they modify to describe the manner of the action.
Bahasa Melayu: Penempatan Adverba: Adverba seperti 'quickly' selalunya diletakkan selepas kata kerja yang mereka terangkan untuk menunjukkan cara tindakan itu dilakukan.
She ran quickly to the finish line.
Dia berlari dengan pantas ke garisan penamat.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the 'World Marathon Majors'. Its increasing popularity reflects a global trend where mass-participation sporting events are becoming significant cultural and charitable milestones, not just athletic competitions.
EN: The past simple tense is used here to describe a completed action at a specific time in the past ('Last year'). The regular verb 'apply' changes to 'applied' by changing the 'y' to 'i' and adding 'ed'.
Bahasa Melayu: Di sini, Past Simple digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa tertentu (tahun lepas). Kata kerja tetap "apply" berubah bentuk lampaunya dengan menukar "y" kepada "i" dan menambah "ed", menjadi "applied".
She applied for a new job yesterday.
Dia memohon pekerjaan baharu semalam.
EN: The preposition 'for' is used after the verb 'apply' to indicate the object or goal of the application (e.g., a job, a race, or a position).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi "for" digunakan selepas kata kerja "apply" untuk menunjukkan objek atau sasaran permohonan atau pendaftaran (contohnya: pekerjaan, perlumbaan, atau jawatan).
Many students applied for the scholarship.
Ramai pelajar memohon biasiswa ini.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the most prestigious long-distance running events in the world. Due to its extreme popularity, most participants must enter a 'ballot' (a random draw) to get a spot, as the number of applicants far exceeds the race's capacity.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle) is used here to describe an action that happened in the past and has a direct result or relevance to the present moment.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect (have/has + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa lalu dan mempunyai hasil atau kaitan langsung dengan masa kini.
The price of tickets has increased recently.
Harga tiket telah meningkat baru-baru ini.
EN: The preposition 'by' is used to indicate the amount or degree of change when talking about increases or decreases.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi 'by' digunakan untuk menunjukkan jumlah atau tahap perubahan apabila bercakap tentang peningkatan atau penurunan (perbezaan).
The temperature dropped by ten degrees.
Suhu telah menurun sebanyak sepuluh darjah.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the 'World Marathon Majors'. The massive increase in applications reflects a global post-pandemic surge in health consciousness and the popularity of mass-participation sporting events.
EN: The phrase 'Compared to' is used to introduce a comparison between two things or situations. It often functions as a prepositional phrase at the beginning of a sentence.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "Compared to" digunakan untuk memperkenalkan perbandingan antara dua perkara atau situasi. Ia biasanya digunakan sebagai frasa sendi di awal ayat untuk menetapkan asas perbandingan.
Compared to last month, sales have improved significantly.
Berbanding dengan bulan lepas, jualan menunjukkan peningkatan yang ketara.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (has/have + past participle) is used here to describe an action that happened in the past and has a result or relevance in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect (has/have + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa lalu dan mempunyai hasil atau kesan yang berkaitan dengan masa kini.
The population of the city has grown since 2010.
Sejak 2010, populasi bandar ini telah meningkat.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the most prestigious running events globally. The massive surge in applications reflects a post-pandemic global trend where health and outdoor activities have seen unprecedented participation levels.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (has/have + past participle) is used here to describe an action or state that started in the past and continues to be relevant or true in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect (has/have + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan atau keadaan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan sehingga kini, atau masih memberi kesan kepada masa kini.
The city has changed a lot over the last ten years.
Bandar ini telah banyak berubah dalam tempoh sepuluh tahun yang lalu.
EN: The word 'that' functions as a conjunction to introduce a noun clause, which serves as the direct object of the verb 'show'.
Bahasa Melayu: Perkataan 'that' berfungsi sebagai kata hubung untuk memperkenalkan klausa nama, yang berfungsi sebagai objek bagi kata kerja 'show'.
Research shows that exercise improves mental health.
Kajian menunjukkan bahawa senaman boleh meningkatkan kesihatan mental.
EN: The phrase 'across the world' highlights the global nature of the running boom. Major marathons like the London Marathon have transitioned from elite sporting events to mass-participation festivals that attract people from all walks of life.
EN: Appositives are nouns or noun phrases that follow another noun to provide more information or identify it. In this sentence, 'the CEO of the London Marathon' explains who Hugh Brasher is.
Bahasa Melayu: Appositives ialah kata nama atau frasa nama yang mengikuti kata nama lain untuk memberikan maklumat tambahan atau mengenal pasti kata nama tersebut. Dalam ayat ini, "the CEO of the London Marathon" menerangkan identiti Hugh Brasher.
Mr. Smith, my English teacher, is very kind.
Encik Smith, guru Bahasa Inggeris saya, seorang yang sangat mesra.
EN: The Past Simple tense is used to describe completed actions in the past. The verb 'welcomed' is the regular past form of 'welcome', indicating the action happened when the figures were announced.
Bahasa Melayu: Past Simple digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lalu. Kata kerja "welcomed" ialah bentuk lampau tetap bagi "welcome", yang menunjukkan reaksi yang diberikan semasa data diumumkan.
The team celebrated the victory yesterday.
Pasukan itu meraikan kemenangan mereka semalam.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the six World Marathon Majors. The CEO, Hugh Brasher, is the son of Chris Brasher, who co-founded the event in 1981. The massive number of applicants reflects the event's status as a major global sporting and charity event.
EN: The Noun Clause with 'that': This structure acts as the object of the verb 'said'. It allows the speaker to report a statement or fact. 'That' is a conjunction that introduces the subordinate clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa nama dengan 'that': Struktur ini berfungsi sebagai objek bagi kata kerja "said". Ia membolehkan penutur menyampaikan semula satu pernyataan atau fakta. "That" ialah kata hubung yang memperkenalkan klausa subordinat.
She said that the weather would be sunny tomorrow.
Dia berkata bahawa cuaca akan cerah esok.
EN: The 'Make + Object + Complement' structure: Here, 'makes' is followed by an object ('London') and an object complement ('the most popular marathon...'). This structure describes the result or status of the object caused by the subject.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur "Make + Objek + Pelengkap": Di sini, "makes" diikuti oleh objek (London) dan pelengkap objek (marathon paling popular...). Struktur ini menerangkan hasil atau keadaan yang disebabkan oleh subjek ke atas objek.
Hard work makes him a successful person.
Kerja keras menjadikannya seorang yang berjaya.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the 'World Marathon Majors'. Its popularity is reflected in the 'ballot' system, where hundreds of thousands apply for a very limited number of spots, making it a highly prestigious event to participate in.
EN: The phrase 'come close to' is an idiomatic expression meaning to be almost as good, large, or important as something else. It is often used in negative sentences to emphasize that something is unique or superior.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "come close to" ialah ungkapan idiomatik yang bermaksud "hampir sama dengan" atau "setanding dengan". Ia sering digunakan dalam ayat negatif untuk menekankan bahawa sesuatu itu unik atau jauh mengatasi yang lain.
No other smartphone comes close to this model in terms of camera quality.
Dari segi kualiti kamera, tiada telefon pintar lain yang dapat menandingi model ini.
EN: The word 'that' functions here as a conjunction introducing a noun clause (reported speech). It connects the reporting verb 'added' to the information being added.
Bahasa Melayu: Perkataan "that" di sini berfungsi sebagai kata hubung yang memperkenalkan klausa nama (ucapan tidak langsung). Ia menghubungkan kata kerja laporan "added" (menambah) dengan maklumat yang ingin ditambah.
She added that the meeting would start at ten o'clock.
Dia menambah bahawa mesyuarat akan bermula pada pukul sepuluh.
EN: In the context of major sporting events like the London Marathon, 'numbers' often refers to registration or participation statistics. The phrase 'nothing else comes close' reflects the immense global prestige and scale of the London Marathon compared to other world-class races.
EN: The phrase 'According to' is a prepositional phrase used to indicate the source of information or an opinion.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "According to" ialah frasa sendi yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan sumber maklumat atau pandangan seseorang, sering diterjemahkan sebagai "menurut..." atau "berdasarkan...".
According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.
Menurut ramalan cuaca, esok akan hujan.
EN: The structure 'inspire [someone] to [verb]' is used to describe the act of giving someone the desire or confidence to do something.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur "inspire [seseorang] to [kata kerja]" digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan memberi inspirasi atau motivasi kepada seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu, memberikan mereka dorongan atau keyakinan.
The teacher inspired her students to read more books.
Guru itu memberi inspirasi kepada pelajarnya untuk membaca lebih banyak buku.
EN: The London Marathon is famous for its inclusivity, encouraging not just elite athletes but also 'fun runners' of all backgrounds and physical abilities to participate, often for charitable causes.
EN: The use of 'that' as a conjunction to introduce a noun clause. In this sentence, 'that' introduces the specific information being reported by the team.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan "that" sebagai kata hubung untuk memperkenalkan klausa nama. Dalam ayat ini, "that" memperkenalkan kandungan maklumat khusus yang dilaporkan oleh pasukan.
The teacher said that the exam was easy.
Guru berkata bahawa peperiksaan itu mudah.
EN: The adverb 'alone' used for emphasis. When placed after a noun or noun phrase, it means 'only' and emphasizes that the specific thing mentioned is sufficient to produce a result or reach a total.
Bahasa Melayu: Adverba "alone" digunakan untuk penekanan. Apabila diletakkan selepas kata nama atau frasa nama, ia bermaksud "hanya, semata-mata", menekankan bahawa perkara tertentu itu sendiri sudah cukup untuk menghasilkan hasil atau mencapai jumlah tertentu.
The rent alone costs one thousand dollars a month.
Sewa sahaja mencecah seribu dolar sebulan.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the most prestigious running events globally. The fact that over one million people applied from the UK alone reflects the deep-rooted running culture in the country and the event's status as a national institution.
EN: The structure 'This is the first time (that)...' is used to describe a unique or record-breaking occurrence. It is commonly followed by the present perfect tense (have/has + past participle) to emphasize the completion of the action up to the present moment.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur "This is the first time (that)..." digunakan untuk menerangkan kejadian yang unik atau memecahkan rekod. Ia biasanya diikuti oleh Present Perfect (have/has + past participle) untuk menekankan penyempurnaan tindakan sehingga masa kini.
This is the first time that I have visited London.
Ini adalah kali pertama saya melawat London.
EN: The present perfect tense 'have passed' indicates an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past but has relevance or results in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect "have passed" menunjukkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa yang tidak spesifik pada masa lalu, tetapi berkaitan dengan masa kini atau menghasilkan hasil pada masa kini.
The company has passed its annual sales target.
Syarikat itu telah melebihi sasaran jualan tahunannya.
EN: The 'one million mark' is a significant milestone in large-scale events. In the context of the London Marathon, reaching this number of applicants from the UK alone highlights the immense popularity of running as a sport in British culture and the prestige of this specific event.
EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the action is more important than the person performing it. In this sentence, 'were received' focuses on the applications arriving.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (be + past participle): Digunakan apabila tindakan itu lebih penting daripada orang yang melakukannya. Dalam ayat ini, "were received" menekankan fakta bahawa permohonan telah diterima.
The results were announced by the committee yesterday.
Keputusan telah diumumkan oleh jawatankuasa semalam.
EN: The adjective 'additional': Used to describe an extra amount or quantity that is added to something already mentioned.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata adjektif "additional": Digunakan untuk menerangkan jumlah atau kuantiti tambahan yang ditambah di atas apa yang telah disebutkan.
We need additional information before making a decision.
Kami memerlukan maklumat tambahan sebelum membuat keputusan.
EN: The London Marathon is one of the six World Marathon Majors. Its massive global appeal is reflected in the fact that it receives applications from nearly every country, making it a truly international sporting event.
EN: The relative pronoun 'which' can be used to introduce a non-defining relative clause that refers back to the entire preceding clause, rather than just the noun before it.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata ganti relatif 'which' boleh digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa relatif bukan pembatas, yang memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang situasi yang dinyatakan dalam "keseluruhan ayat" sebelumnya, bukan hanya merujuk kepada kata nama yang berdekatan.
He passed the exam with high marks, which surprised everyone.
Dia lulus peperiksaan dengan markah tinggi, yang mengejutkan semua orang.
EN: The verb 'appeal' is often followed by the preposition 'to' to indicate who or what finds something attractive or interesting.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'appeal' (menarik) selalunya diikuti oleh kata sendi 'to' untuk menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu menarik minat atau diminati oleh seseorang atau kumpulan tertentu.
The new design appeals to younger customers.
Reka bentuk baharu ini sangat menarik minat pelanggan muda.
EN: The London Marathon is known for its inclusivity. The fact that participation is nearly equal between genders reflects a broader trend in global sports where female participation in long-distance running has surged over the last few decades.
EN: The past participle 'aged' is used here as a reduced relative clause (short for 'who were aged') to function as an adjective modifying the noun 'women'. It specifies the age range of the group.
Bahasa Melayu: Partisipel lampau "aged" digunakan di sini sebagai klausa relatif yang diringkaskan (asalnya "who were aged"), berfungsi sebagai adjektif yang menerangkan kata nama "women" (wanita), untuk menunjukkan julat umur kumpulan tersebut.
The program is designed for children aged 5 to 10.
Program ini direka untuk kanak-kanak berumur 5 hingga 10 tahun.
EN: Sentence adverbs like 'Interestingly' are used at the beginning of a sentence to express the speaker's attitude or comment on the entire statement that follows.
Bahasa Melayu: Adverba ayat seperti "Interestingly" digunakan di awal ayat untuk menyatakan sikap atau komen penutur terhadap keseluruhan pernyataan yang berikut.
Fortunately, no one was hurt in the accident.
Nasib baik, tiada siapa yang cedera dalam kemalangan itu.
EN: The high interest among young women (aged 20-29) in the London Marathon reflects a global trend where running is increasingly seen as a social and wellness activity rather than just a competitive sport. This demographic shift has influenced how major marathons are marketed and organized.
EN: The phrase 'More than' is used as a quantifier to indicate a quantity that exceeds a specific number. It functions as a modifier for the noun phrase that follows.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "More than" digunakan sebagai penentu kuantiti untuk menunjukkan kuantiti yang melebihi nombor tertentu. Ia menerangkan frasa nama yang mengikutinya dalam ayat.
More than 500 students attended the seminar.
Lebih daripada 500 pelajar menghadiri bengkel itu.
EN: The past simple tense 'applied' is used here to describe a completed action in the past. When followed by the preposition 'for', it indicates the object of the application (the marathon).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja Past Simple "applied" digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lalu. Apabila diikuti oleh kata sendi "for", ia menunjukkan objek permohonan atau pendaftaran (di sini, maraton).
She applied for a new job last week.
Dia memohon pekerjaan baharu minggu lepas.
EN: The London Marathon is famous for its 'ballot' system, where hundreds of thousands apply for a limited number of spots. The high number of young female applicants reflects a global trend in the increasing participation of women in long-distance running, which was historically male-dominated.
EN: The Present Simple tense is used here to state a fact or a current situation. The verb 'reflects' takes an '-s' because the subject 'This trend' is third-person singular.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Simple digunakan di sini untuk menyatakan fakta atau keadaan semasa. Kata kerja "reflects" mendapat akhiran "-s" kerana subjek "This trend" (trend ini) ialah orang ketiga tunggal.
The data shows a similar pattern in other sports.
Data menunjukkan corak yang serupa dalam sukan lain.
EN: Gerunds as Objects: 'Running' is a gerund (verb + -ing) acting as a noun. It functions as the object of the preposition 'of' within the noun phrase 'popularity of running'.
Bahasa Melayu: Gerund sebagai Objek: "Running" ialah gerund (kata kerja + -ing) yang berfungsi sebagai kata nama. Ia berfungsi sebagai objek bagi kata sendi "of" dalam frasa nama "popularity of running" (populariti berlari).
She enjoys swimming in the ocean.
Dia suka berenang di laut.
EN: The sentence highlights a shift in marathon demographics. Historically, marathons were dominated by older, experienced runners, but events like the London Marathon are seeing a massive surge in interest from Gen Z and Millennials, often driven by social media 'run clubs'.
EN: Passive Voice (will be + past participle): This structure is used when the action is more important than who is performing it. In formal contexts like news or official announcements, it focuses on the results or the process.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (will be + past participle): Struktur ini digunakan apabila tindakan itu lebih penting daripada pelaku. Dalam konteks formal seperti berita atau pengumuman rasmi, ia memfokuskan perhatian pada hasil atau proses.
The winners will be contacted by email next week.
Pemenang akan dihubungi melalui e-mel minggu hadapan.
EN: Preposition 'by' for deadlines: 'By' is used to indicate a deadline or a point in time before which something must happen. It means 'no later than'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi 'by' untuk tarikh akhir: 'By' digunakan untuk menunjukkan tarikh akhir atau titik masa sebelum sesuatu mesti berlaku, bermaksud "tidak lewat daripada".
Please submit your application by Friday.
Sila hantar permohonan anda sebelum hari Jumaat.
EN: The 'ballot' system is a common way for major world marathons (like London, Tokyo, or Berlin) to handle extreme demand. Because the number of applicants far exceeds the course capacity, a random lottery is used to ensure fairness, though the odds of winning are often very low.
EN: The phrase 'be likely to' is used to express probability or the chance that something will happen. It is followed by the base form of a verb.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "be likely to" digunakan untuk menyatakan kebarangkalian atau peluang bahawa sesuatu akan berlaku. Ia diikuti oleh bentuk dasar kata kerja.
It is likely to rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella.
Kemungkinan besar hujan akan turun petang ini, jadi bawalah payung.
EN: The conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a subordinate clause that explains the reason for the action or state in the main clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung "because" digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa subordinat yang menerangkan sebab atau alasan bagi tindakan atau keadaan dalam klausa utama.
She stayed home because she was feeling unwell.
Dia tinggal di rumah kerana dia berasa tidak sihat.
EN: The London Marathon uses a 'ballot' system because the number of applicants far exceeds the available spots. This random draw is a common way for major world marathons to ensure fairness among thousands of global hopefuls.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: Orang atau unit yang bertanggungjawab untuk merancang dan menguruskan sesuatu acara
Dalam konteks: Tindakan mendaftar, mendaftarkan diri, atau memohon untuk menyertai sesuatu
Dalam konteks: Tindakan mengambil bahagian atau menyertai sesuatu aktiviti
Dalam konteks: Menjadi dua kali ganda
Dalam konteks: Misi, matlamat teras, atau tujuan utama
Dalam konteks: Memberi inspirasi atau semangat
Dalam konteks: Tambahan, atau yang ditambah lagi
Dalam konteks: Menarik minat atau daya tarikan kepada...
Dalam konteks: Mencerminkan atau menunjukkan
Dalam konteks: peruntukkan, berikan
Dalam konteks: Berasa kecewa
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To do something better, faster, or more than has ever been done before.
Memecahkan rekod lagi
To be almost as good, large, or important as something else.
setanding dengan, menyamai
The outcome of a process where winners are chosen by chance or voting.
keputusan cabutan undi / keputusan pengundian
A method of choosing someone or something where everyone has an equal chance, often by picking names out of a container or using a computer.
cabutan undi rawak