Pandemic & PreventionPandemik & Pencegahan
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EN: Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): This tense is used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a result or relevance in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): Tense ini digunakan untuk memerihalkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa yang tidak dinyatakan pada masa lalu, dan tindakan tersebut masih mempunyai kesan atau kaitan dengan masa kini.
Technology has changed how we communicate.
Teknologi telah mengubah cara kita berkomunikasi.
EN: Noun Phrase as Object (the way + clause): The phrase 'the way' is often followed by a clause (people live) to describe the manner in which something is done, acting as the object of the verb.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Kata Nama sebagai Objek (the way + klausa): Frasa 'the way' sering diikuti oleh klausa (people live) untuk memerihalkan cara sesuatu dilakukan, dan bertindak sebagai objek kepada kata kerja dalam ayat.
I like the way she sings.
Saya suka cara dia menyanyi.
EN: The term 'pandemic' specifically refers to an epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large number of people. In English-speaking media, 'COVID-19' and 'the pandemic' are often used interchangeably when referring to the events starting in 2020.
EN: Present Perfect Passive: Formed with 'have/has + been + past participle'. It is used to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present, or has an effect on the present, where the subject is the receiver of the action.
Bahasa Melayu: Pasif Present Perfect: Dibentuk dengan "have/has + been + past participle". Ia digunakan untuk memerihalkan tindakan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan sehingga kini, atau memberikan kesan kepada masa kini, di mana subjek merupakan penerima tindakan.
Many new buildings have been built in this city since last year.
Banyak bangunan baharu telah dibina di bandar ini sejak tahun lepas.
EN: The preposition 'Since': Used to indicate the starting point of a period of time that continues to the present. It is commonly paired with the Present Perfect tense.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi nama "Since": Digunakan untuk menunjukkan titik permulaan bagi tempoh masa yang berterusan hingga sekarang. Ia biasanya digunakan bersama Present Perfect Tense.
I have lived here since 2015.
Saya telah tinggal di sini sejak tahun 2015.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (have + past participle) is used here to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present moment, emphasizing the ongoing effort.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect Tense (have + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk memerihalkan tindakan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan sehingga kini, menekankan kesinambungan usaha tersebut.
Scientists have studied the virus for many years.
Para saintis telah mengkaji virus ini selama bertahun-tahun.
EN: The 'to-infinitive' (to protect) functions as an adverbial of purpose, explaining 'why' the governments and organizations have worked hard.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja asal dengan 'to' (to protect) berfungsi sebagai kata keterangan tujuan, yang menjelaskan 'mengapa' kerajaan dan organisasi bekerja keras.
He exercised every day to stay healthy.
Dia bersenam setiap hari untuk menjaga kesihatannya.
EN: In many Western cultures, the term 'citizens' in a public health context emphasizes the social contract between the state and its people, highlighting the government's responsibility for collective safety.
EN: Gerund as Subject: The word 'Understanding' is a gerund (verb + -ing acting as a noun). It functions as the subject of the sentence, representing an abstract concept or action.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata Nama Terbitan (Gerund) sebagai Subjek: Perkataan 'Understanding' ialah kata nama terbitan (kata kerja + -ing yang digunakan sebagai kata nama). Ia bertindak sebagai subjek dalam ayat, mewakili satu konsep atau tindakan abstrak.
Learning a new language takes time and patience.
Mempelajari bahasa baharu memerlukan masa dan kesabaran.
EN: Noun Clause with 'How to': The phrase 'how to stay safe' is a noun clause acting as the object of the gerund 'Understanding'. It uses the structure 'wh- word + to-infinitive' to express a method or way of doing something.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa Kata Nama dengan 'How to': Frasa 'how to stay safe' ialah klausa kata nama yang bertindak sebagai objek kepada kata nama terbitan 'Understanding'. Ia menggunakan struktur 'kata tanya + kata kerja asal' untuk menyatakan kaedah atau cara melakukan sesuatu.
She taught us how to cook Italian pasta.
Dia mengajar kami cara memasak pasta.
EN: In English-speaking healthcare contexts, 'older adults' is often preferred over 'elderly' or 'old people' as it is considered more respectful and neutral.
EN: The use of the superlative adjective 'the best' followed by a noun and an infinitive phrase (to + verb) to express purpose or function.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan kata sifat penghujung 'the best' diikuti oleh kata nama, kemudian dipadankan dengan frasa kata kerja asal (to + kata kerja) untuk menyatakan tujuan atau fungsi.
Reading is the best way to improve your vocabulary.
Membaca ialah cara terbaik untuk menambah koskasa anda.
EN: The word 'any' is used here in an affirmative sentence to mean 'it doesn't matter which one' or 'every'.
Bahasa Melayu: Perkataan 'any' digunakan di sini dalam ayat penyata untuk bermaksud 'tidak kira yang mana satu' atau 'setiap satu'.
You can call me at any time.
Anda boleh menelefon saya pada bila-bila masa.
EN: In public health discourse, the phrase 'prevention is better than cure' is a common idiom that aligns with the sentiment of this sentence.
EN: The structure 'One of the + superlative adjective + plural noun' is used to identify a specific item from a group of items that share a common quality. Note that the verb must be singular because the subject is 'One'.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur 'One of the + kata sifat penghujung + kata nama jamak' digunakan untuk mengenalpasti satu item khusus daripada sekumpulan perkara yang mempunyai ciri bersama. Harap maklum bahawa kata kerja mesti menggunakan bentuk tunggal kerana subjeknya ialah 'One' (salah satu).
One of the most beautiful cities in the world is Paris.
Salah satu bandar terindah di dunia ialah Paris.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (has been) is used here to describe a state that started in the past and continues to be true up to the present moment.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect Tense (has been) digunakan di sini untuk memerihalkan keadaan atau fakta yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan sehingga kini.
She has been a teacher for ten years.
Dia telah bekerja sebagai guru selama sepuluh tahun.
EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the action is more important than the doer. Here, 'were developed' focuses on the vaccines rather than who made them.
Bahasa Melayu: Ragam Pasif (be + past participle): Digunakan apabila tindakan itu sendiri lebih penting daripada pembuatnya. Di sini, 'were developed' menumpukan perhatian pada vaksin, bukannya pereka vaksin tersebut.
The bridge was built in 1990.
Jambatan ini dibina pada tahun 1990.
EN: Subordinating Conjunction 'because': Used to introduce a clause that provides the reason for the main action.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata Hubung Pancangan 'because': Digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa yang memberikan sebab bagi tindakan dalam klausa utama.
She stayed home because it was raining.
Dia tinggal di rumah kerana hujan.
EN: The sentence reflects the unprecedented global scientific collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic, which broke traditional barriers in research and data sharing.
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a to-infinitive. In this sentence, 'recognize' and 'fight' are bare infinitives.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'help' boleh diikuti oleh objek dan kemudian sama ada kata kerja asal (kata kerja tanpa to) atau kata kerja dengan to. Dalam ayat ini, 'recognize' dan 'fight' kedua-duanya ialah kata kerja asal.
This app helps me organize my daily tasks.
Aplikasi ini membantu saya mengatur tugasan harian saya.
EN: The word 'before' acts as a conjunction here, connecting the main clause with a subordinate clause of time. In such clauses, the present simple tense is used to refer to future possibilities.
Bahasa Melayu: Perkataan 'before' bertindak sebagai kata hubung di sini, menghubungkan klausa utama dengan klausa masa. Dalam klausa sebegini, present simple tense biasanya digunakan untuk menunjukkan kemungkinan pada masa depan.
Please wash your hands before you eat dinner.
Sila basuh tangan anda sebelum makan malam.
EN: In English-speaking medical contexts, 'vaccine' refers to the substance itself, while 'vaccination' or 'getting a shot' refers to the act of receiving it. The phrase 'get sick' is a common, informal way to say 'become ill'.
EN: Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): Used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has relevance to the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): Digunakan untuk memerihalkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa yang tidak dinyatakan pada masa lalu dan masih mempunyai kaitan dengan masa kini.
I have already finished my homework.
Saya telah pun menyiapkan kerja rumah saya.
EN: Non-restrictive Relative Clause (which): Used to provide additional information about the entire preceding clause, separated by a comma.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa Relatif Tak Membataskan (which): Digunakan untuk memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang keseluruhan klausa sebelumnya, dan biasanya didahului oleh kata koma.
It rained all day, which ruined our picnic plans.
Hujan turun sepanjang hari, yang merosakkan rancangan berkelah kami.
EN: In English-speaking countries, the term 'vaccination' and 'vaccine' are often used interchangeably in casual conversation, though 'vaccination' technically refers to the act of receiving the vaccine.
EN: The First Conditional (If + present simple, will/modal/imperative) is used to talk about real possibilities in the present or future. Here, 'it is a good idea' acts as a suggestion based on a specific condition.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat Pengandaian Jenis Pertama (If + present simple, will/kata kerja bantu/ragam perintah) digunakan untuk membincangkan situasi sebenar yang mungkin berlaku pada masa kini atau masa depan. Di sini, 'it is a good idea' ialah cadangan yang dibuat berdasarkan syarat tertentu.
If you are tired, it is a good idea to take a rest.
Jika anda penat, berehat sekejap ialah cadangan yang baik.
EN: The Present Perfect Passive (have/has + been + past participle) is used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past where the person is the recipient of the action.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect Passive (have/has + been + past participle) digunakan untuk memerihalkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa yang tidak dinyatakan pada masa lalu, dan subjeknya ialah penerima tindakan tersebut.
The report has already been finished by the team.
Laporan tersebut telah disiapkan oleh pasukan.
EN: In many Western cultures, the family doctor or 'General Practitioner' (GP) is the primary source of medical advice. It is common practice to consult them before making medical decisions like vaccination.
EN: Gerund as Subject: The word 'Wearing' is a gerund (verb + -ing) acting as the subject of the sentence. It treats an action as a singular noun concept.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata Nama Terbitan (Gerund) sebagai Subjek: Perkataan 'Wearing' ialah kata nama terbitan (kata kerja + -ing) yang bertindak sebagai subjek dalam ayat. Ia memperlakukan sesuatu tindakan sebagai satu konsep kata nama tunggal.
Eating healthy food is good for your body.
Makan makanan sihat adalah baik untuk badan anda.
EN: Present Perfect Tense: 'Has been' is used to describe a state that started in the past and continues to the present moment.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect Tense: 'Has been' digunakan untuk memerihalkan keadaan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan sehingga kini.
She has been a teacher for ten years.
Dia telah menjadi seorang guru selama sepuluh tahun.
EN: In many East Asian cultures, wearing masks was common even before COVID-19 to prevent spreading colds or to protect against pollution. In Western countries, it became a significant cultural and political topic during the pandemic.
EN: Non-restrictive Relative Clause: The word 'which' is used after a comma to provide extra information about the entire preceding clause ('A mask covers your nose and mouth'). It acts as a connector to show the result or effect.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa Relatif Tak Membataskan: Perkataan 'which' digunakan selepas kata koma untuk memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang keseluruhan klausa sebelumnya (pelitup muka menutup hidung dan mulut anda). Ia bertindak sebagai kata hubung di sini untuk menunjukkan hasil atau kesan.
He passed the exam, which made his parents very happy.
Dia lulus peperiksaan itu, yang membuatkan ibu bapanya sangat gembira.
EN: The structure 'stop someone/something from doing something' is used to describe preventing an action or a process from happening.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan kata kerja 'stop ... from ...': Struktur ini digunakan untuk memerihalkan tindakan menghalang seseorang atau sesuatu daripada melakukan sesuatu tindakan atau proses.
The rain stopped us from going to the park.
Hujan ini menghalang kami daripada pergi ke taman.
EN: In many East Asian cultures, wearing a mask when sick was a common social etiquette even before the COVID-19 pandemic. In contrast, in many Western countries, mask-wearing became a significant point of public debate and a new social norm only during the pandemic.
EN: Past Continuous Tense: Used to describe an action that was in progress at a specific time in the past or to provide background context for another event.
Bahasa Melayu: Past Continuous Tense: Digunakan untuk memerihalkan tindakan yang sedang berlaku pada masa tertentu pada masa lalu, atau untuk memberikan maklumat latar belakang bagi peristiwa lain.
While we were walking to the park, it started to rain.
Semasa kami sedang berjalan ke taman, hujan mula turun.
EN: Passive Voice (Past Simple): Formed with 'was/were + past participle'. It focuses on the person receiving the action rather than the one performing it.
Bahasa Melayu: Ragam Pasif (Past Simple): Dibentuk dengan 'was/were + past participle'. Tumpuannya adalah pada orang atau benda yang menerima tindakan, bukannya subjek yang melakukan tindakan tersebut.
The students were told to stay quiet during the exam.
Murid-murid telah diberitahu untuk diam semasa peperiksaan.
EN: In many Western cultures, wearing masks in public was not common before the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in many East Asian countries, it was already a social norm to wear masks when sick to protect others.
EN: The conjunction 'although' is used to introduce a subordinate clause that expresses a contrast. In English, unlike in Chinese, you should not use 'but' in the main clause if you have already used 'although' at the beginning.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'although' (walaupun) digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa pancangan yang menyatakan penentangan/kontras. Dalam tatabahasa Inggeris, jika 'although' digunakan di awal ayat, klausa utama selepasnya tidak boleh menggunakan 'but' lagi, berbeza dengan kebiasaan dalam bahasa Cina.
Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
Walaupun hujan sedang turun, kami tetap pergi berjalan-jalan.
EN: The verb 'find' can be used in the pattern 'find + object + adjective' to express an opinion or perception about something after experiencing it.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'find' boleh digunakan dalam pola 'find + objek + kata sifat' untuk menyatakan pandangan atau perasaan seseorang terhadap sesuatu selepas mengalaminya.
I found the movie very boring.
Saya mendapati filem itu sangat membosankan.
EN: During the COVID-19 pandemic, mask-wearing became a subject of debate in some Western countries due to concerns over personal freedom, whereas in many Asian cultures, it was more readily accepted as a collective responsibility.
EN: The use of 'especially' as an adverb of degree to emphasize the adjective 'useful'. It highlights that the benefit is particularly high in specific situations.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan 'especially' sebagai kata keterangan darjah untuk menekankan kata sifat 'useful' (berguna). Ia menonjolkan bahawa faedahnya amat tinggi dalam situasi tertentu.
This book is especially helpful for beginners.
Buku ini sangat membantu terutamanya untuk pembaca pemula.
EN: Adverbial clauses of time starting with 'when'. This structure (when + subject + verb) is used to indicate the specific circumstances or time under which the main action or state occurs.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa keterangan masa yang bermula dengan 'when'. Struktur ini (when + subjek + kata kerja) digunakan untuk menunjukkan situasi atau masa tertentu apabila tindakan atau keadaan dalam klausa utama berlaku.
Please turn off the lights when you leave the room.
Sila tutup lampu apabila anda meninggalkan bilik.
EN: In many East Asian cultures, wearing a mask when sick was a common social etiquette even before the pandemic. However, in many Western countries, this practice only became widespread during COVID-19 and remains a topic of public health discussion.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle) is used here to describe an action that started in the past and continues to have relevance or effect in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk memerihalkan tindakan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan masih mempunyai pengaruh atau kaitan dengan masa kini.
Technology has played a major part in modern education.
Teknologi telah memainkan peranan penting dalam pendidikan moden.
EN: The phrase 'play a role in' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when describing the activity being influenced.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'play a role in' (memainkan peranan dalam) diikuti oleh kata nama terbitan (kata kerja + -ing) apabila memerihalkan sesuatu tindakan.
Exercise plays a role in maintaining good health.
Senaman memainkan peranan dalam mengekalkan kesihatan.
EN: The term 'quarantine' has historical roots in the Italian word 'quaranta', meaning forty, referring to the 40-day isolation period required for ships arriving in Venice during the Black Death.
EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): This structure is used when the focus is on the person or thing affected by the action, rather than the one performing it. Here, 'was infected' and 'were asked' emphasize the experience of the individuals.
Bahasa Melayu: Ragam Pasif (be + past participle): Struktur ini digunakan apabila tumpuan diberikan kepada orang atau benda yang menerima kesan tindakan, bukannya orang yang melakukan tindakan tersebut. Di sini, 'was infected' dan 'were asked' menekankan pengalaman orang-orang ini.
The students were told to finish their homework by Friday.
Murid-murid telah diberitahu untuk menyiapkan kerja rumah mereka menjelang hari Jumaat.
EN: Adverbial Clause of Time (When...): The word 'when' introduces a subordinate clause that establishes the time or condition under which the main action occurs.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa Keterangan Masa (When...): Perkataan 'when' memperkenalkan klausa pancangan yang menetapkan masa atau syarat untuk tindakan utama berlaku.
When the bell rings, the class will start.
Pelajaran akan bermula apabila loceng berbunyi.
EN: The term 'quarantine' and the practice of staying at home for a 'specific period' became a global standard during the COVID-19 pandemic, though the exact number of days (e.g., 7, 10, or 14 days) varied by country and health guidelines.
EN: The modal verb 'could not' is the past tense of 'cannot,' used here to express a lack of ability or permission in the past due to specific circumstances.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja modal 'could not' ialah bentuk masa lampau (past tense) bagi 'cannot', yang digunakan di sini untuk menunjukkan ketidakupayaan atau ketidakbenaran membuat sesuatu pada masa lalu disebabkan keadaan tertentu.
He could not attend the meeting because he was feeling unwell.
Oleh sebab rasa tidak sihat, dia tidak dapat menghadiri mesyuarat tersebut.
EN: The past participle 'infected' is used as an adjective to describe the noun 'person,' indicating the state of having been affected by the virus.
Bahasa Melayu: Partisip lampau 'infected' digunakan sebagai kata sifat di sini untuk menerangkan kata nama 'person', yang menunjukkan bahawa individu tersebut dijangkiti virus.
The doctor treated the infected wound carefully.
Doktor merawat luka yang dijangkiti itu dengan teliti.
EN: During the COVID-19 pandemic, 'quarantine' became a globally understood term, though specific rules varied by country. In many cultures, it emphasized the collective responsibility of the individual to protect the community.
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'prevent' is a bare infinitive acting as the object complement.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'help' boleh diikuti oleh objek dan kemudian sama ada kata kerja asal (kata kerja tanpa to) atau kata kerja dengan to. Dalam ayat ini, 'prevent' ialah kata kerja asal yang bertindak sebagai pelengkap objek.
Exercise helps keep your heart healthy.
Senaman membantu mengekalkan kesihatan jantung.
EN: The structure 'prevent someone/something from doing something' is used to describe stopping an action or process from happening.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur 'prevent someone/something from doing something' digunakan untuk memerihalkan tindakan menghalang sesuatu perbuatan atau proses daripada berlaku.
The heavy rain prevented us from going to the park.
Hujan lebat menghalang kami daripada pergi ke taman.
EN: In public health contexts, 'community' refers not just to a neighborhood, but to the general public or a group of people living together in a specific area, emphasizing collective responsibility.
EN: The sentence uses a Relative Clause starting with 'that' to provide more information about the noun 'rules'. The relative pronoun 'that' acts as the subject of the clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Klausa Relatif yang bermula dengan 'that' untuk memberikan maklumat lanjut bagi menerangkan kata nama 'rules' (peraturan). Dalam klausa ini, kata ganti nama relatif 'that' bertindak sebagai subjek.
The company has policies that are difficult to follow.
Syarikat ini mempunyai beberapa dasar yang sukar dipatuhi.
EN: The conjunction 'but' is used to connect two adjectives ('strict' and 'necessary') that show a contrast or a balance between a negative-sounding quality and a positive purpose.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung gabungan 'but' digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua kata sifat ('strict' dan 'necessary'), mewujudkan kontras atau keseimbangan antara sifat yang kedengaran agak negatif dengan tujuan yang positif.
The training was long but useful.
Latihan ini panjang, tetapi sangat berguna.
EN: The term 'quarantine' became a daily part of global vocabulary during COVID-19. In many Western cultures, there was a significant debate between individual freedom and 'public safety' rules, which is reflected in the use of the word 'strict' in this sentence.
EN: Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): Used here to describe an action that started in the past and has a result or impact continuing into the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): Digunakan di sini untuk memerihalkan tindakan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan hasilnya atau kesannya berterusan sehingga kini.
The experience has changed my perspective on life.
Pengalaman ini telah mengubah pandangan saya terhadap kehidupan.
EN: Ditransitive Verb (teach someone something): The verb 'teach' can take two objects: an indirect object (us) and a direct object (many valuable lessons).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata Kerja Ditransitif (mengajar seseorang sesuatu): Kata kerja 'teach' boleh mengambil dua objek: objek tidak langsung (us) dan objek langsung (many valuable lessons).
He taught me a secret technique.
Dia mengajar saya satu rahsia.
EN: In English-speaking cultures, the phrase 'lessons learned' is commonly used in professional and personal contexts to reflect on past challenges and how to improve in the future.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (have + past participle) is used here to describe an action that started in the past and has relevance or results in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Present Perfect Tense (have + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk memerihalkan tindakan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan memberi kesan atau hasil pada masa kini.
Scientists have discovered a new way to treat the virus.
Para saintis telah menemui kaedah baharu untuk merawat virus tersebut.
EN: Gerunds (verb + -ing) function as nouns. In this sentence, 'washing' and 'keeping' act as the compound subject of the noun clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Gerund (V-ing) berfungsi sebagai kata nama. Dalam ayat ini, "washing" dan "keeping" bertindak sebagai subjek majmuk bagi klausa kata nama.
Exercising daily improves your health.
Bersenam setiap hari dapat meningkatkan kesihatan anda.
EN: The phrase 'keeping distance' refers to 'social distancing,' a term that became globally recognized during the COVID-19 pandemic as a key public health strategy.
EN: The phrasal verb 'depend on' means to be determined or conditioned by something. In the present simple tense, when the subject is singular (Public health), the verb must take an 's' (depends).
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kata kerja 'depend on' bermaksud ditentukan atau ditakdirkan oleh sesuatu. Dalam present simple tense, apabila subjeknya tunggal (Public health), kata kerja mesti ditambah 's' (depends).
Success depends on your hard work.
Kejayaan bergantung pada usaha anda.
EN: The quantifier 'every' is used to refer to all members of a group, but it is grammatically followed by a singular countable noun (individual).
Bahasa Melayu: Penentu 'every' digunakan untuk merujuk kepada semua ahli dalam sesuatu kumpulan, tetapi dari segi tatabahasa, ia mesti diikuti oleh kata nama terbilang tunggal (individual).
Every student has a unique talent.
Setiap pelajar mempunyai bakat yang unik.
EN: In Western public health discourse, there is a strong emphasis on 'individual responsibility' alongside government action. This sentence reflects the civic duty expected of citizens during a health crisis.
EN: The conjunction 'Even though' is used to introduce a subordinate clause that expresses a contrast or concession. It is more emphatic than 'although'. Note that in English, we do not use 'but' in the main clause when 'even though' is used.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'Even though' digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa pancangan yang menyatakan konsesi atau kontras, yang bermaksud 'walaupun'. Nada bahasanya lebih kuat daripada 'although'. Harap maklum bahawa dalam tatabahasa Inggeris, apabila 'even though' digunakan di awal ayat, klausa utama selepasnya tidak boleh mengulang penggunaan 'but'.
Even though it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.
Walaupun hujan, mereka tetap memutuskan untuk pergi berjalan-jalan.
EN: The present perfect tense ('has improved') is used here to describe a state or action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has relevance to the present situation.
Bahasa Melayu: Present perfect tense ('has improved') digunakan di sini untuk memerihalkan keadaan atau tindakan yang berlaku pada masa yang tidak dinyatakan pada masa lalu dan berkaitan dengan situasi masa kini.
The technology has improved significantly over the last decade.
Teknologi ini telah meningkat dengan ketara sejak dekad yang lalu.
EN: In many English-speaking cultures, public health guidelines are often framed as 'recommendations' or 'guidelines' rather than strict 'laws' to encourage individual responsibility and community cooperation.
EN: The preposition 'By' followed by a gerund (verb-ing) is used to express the method or means by which an action is achieved.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi nama 'By' yang diikuti oleh kata nama terbitan (kata kerja + -ing) digunakan untuk menyatakan cara atau kaedah untuk mencapai sesuatu tindakan.
By practicing every day, you can improve your English skills.
Dengan berlatih setiap hari, anda boleh meningkatkan kemahiran bahasa Inggeris anda.
EN: The comparative adjective 'better' is used here to modify the state of being 'prepared', indicating an improvement over the current state.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sifat pembanding 'better' digunakan di sini untuk mengubah suai keadaan 'prepared' (bersedia), menunjukkan peningkatan selangkah lebih maju daripada keadaan semasa.
We need to be better organized for the next meeting.
Kita perlu lebih teratur untuk mesyuarat seterusnya.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: Pandemik; merujuk kepada penyakit yang merebak secara meluas di seluruh negara atau dunia.
Dalam konteks: Terjejas / Terkesan; merujuk kepada keadaan yang dipengaruhi oleh penyakit, situasi, atau perubahan.
Dalam konteks: Pencegahan; tindakan menghalang sesuatu (seperti penyakit) daripada berlaku.
Dalam konteks: Berkesan; mampu menghasilkan keputusan atau kesan yang dijangkakan.
Dalam konteks: Vaksin; bahan biologi yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan imuniti bagi mencegah penyakit tertentu.
Dalam konteks: Mengenal pasti / Cam; merujuk kepada sistem imun badan yang mengenali virus.
Dalam konteks: Sesak; tempat yang dipenuhi dengan orang ramai atau barang.
Dalam konteks: Kuarantin; tindakan menghadkan pergerakan orang ramai bagi mencegah penyebaran penyakit.
Dalam konteks: Dijangkiti; keadaan di mana bakteria atau virus telah memasuki badan.
Dalam konteks: Komuniti / Masyarakat; sekumpulan orang yang tinggal di kawasan yang sama atau mempunyai ciri-ciri yang serupa.
Dalam konteks: Berharga / Bernilai; merujuk kepada pengalaman atau pengajaran yang sangat berguna.
Dalam konteks: Garis panduan; aturan tindakan yang disyorkan oleh pihak berkuasa.
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To be a very important part of something or have a significant influence on an outcome.
Memainkan peranan penting
To maintain a physical space between oneself and others.
Menjaga jarak
To cooperate or collaborate with others to achieve a common goal.
Bekerjasama, berganding bahu
A medical state where a patient's condition is severe, often requiring hospitalization or intensive care.
Penyakit serius / Gejala berat
The science and systems focused on protecting and improving the health of entire populations through organized community efforts.
Kesihatan awam