Toby Carvery to pay for orchard planting after causing outrage by felling 500-year-old oakToby Carvery Biayai Penanaman Dusun Buah Selepas Cetus Kemarahan Kerana Tebang Pokok Oak Berusia 500 Tahun
Pratonton Audio Lengkap
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EN: The Present Perfect Tense (has/have + past participle) is used here to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a result or relevance in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Present Perfect (has/have + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa lalu pada masa yang tidak pasti, dan tindakan itu mempunyai kesan atau kaitan dengan masa kini.
The company has decided to change its policy.
Syarikat itu telah memutuskan untuk mengubah polisinya.
EN: The verb 'agree' is followed by a 'to-infinitive' (to + base verb) when expressing a commitment or decision to do something.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'agree' (bersetuju) diikuti oleh 'to-infinitive' (to + kata kerja dasar) apabila menyatakan komitmen atau keputusan untuk melakukan sesuatu.
They agreed to help us with the project.
Mereka bersetuju untuk membantu kami menyiapkan projek ini.
EN: Toby Carvery is a popular British restaurant chain known for its traditional 'Sunday Roast'. The public outcry over the ancient tree reflects the high value placed on environmental heritage and ancient woodlands in the UK.
EN: The conjunction 'after' is used to connect two events, showing that the action in the main clause (the decision coming) happened following the action in the subordinate clause (using the chainsaw).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'after' digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua peristiwa, menunjukkan bahawa tindakan dalam klausa utama (keputusan dibuat) berlaku selepas tindakan dalam klausa bawahan (menggunakan gergaji rantai).
The store closed after the last customer left.
Kedai itu ditutup selepas pelanggan terakhir meninggalkannya.
EN: Compound adjectives like '500-year-old' use hyphens to join a number and a noun to describe another noun. Note that the noun within the compound adjective (year) is usually singular.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata adjektif majmuk seperti '500-year-old' menggunakan tanda sempang untuk menggabungkan nombor dan kata nama untuk menerangkan kata nama lain. Perhatikan bahawa kata nama dalam kata adjektif majmuk (year) biasanya menggunakan bentuk tunggal.
They live in a two-hundred-year-old house.
Mereka tinggal di sebuah rumah yang berusia dua ratus tahun.
EN: In the UK, 'Ancient Trees' and 'Veteran Trees' are highly protected and valued as part of national heritage. Cutting down such a tree without a 'Tree Preservation Order' (TPO) clearance or council permission can lead to heavy fines and significant public backlash, as seen in this case with Toby Carvery.
EN: The verb 'stood' is the past tense of 'stand'. In this context, it is used to describe the location or position of a stationary object (the tree) in the past.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'stood' ialah bentuk lampau bagi 'stand'. Dalam konteks ini, ia digunakan untuk menerangkan kedudukan atau lokasi objek tetap (pokok ini) pada masa lalu.
A tall statue stood in the center of the square.
Sebuah patung yang tinggi berdiri di tengah-tengah dataran.
EN: Prepositional phrases of place: This sentence uses a sequence of prepositions ('next to', 'in') and commas to narrow down a specific location from the immediate vicinity to the larger city.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi tempat: Ayat ini menggunakan satu siri kata sendi (seperti 'next to', 'in') dan koma untuk menyempitkan lokasi dari kawasan berhampiran ke kawasan bandar yang lebih besar.
The hotel is next to the station in a small town near Paris.
Hotel ini terletak di sebelah stesen di sebuah bandar kecil berhampiran Paris.
EN: Toby Carvery is a popular British restaurant chain known for its traditional roast dinners. The mention of an ancient tree (especially an oak) is significant in the UK, as old oaks are often seen as national symbols and protected heritage. Enfield is a large borough in north London with many green spaces.
EN: Compound Predicate: This sentence uses a compound predicate where one subject ('The incident') performs two actions ('happened' and 'caused') connected by the conjunction 'and'. Both verbs must agree with the subject and maintain consistent tense.
Bahasa Melayu: Predikat majmuk: Ayat ini menggunakan predikat majmuk di mana satu subjek (The incident) melakukan dua tindakan yang dihubungkan oleh kata hubung 'and' (happened dan caused). Kedua-dua kata kerja ini mesti bersetuju dengan subjek dan mengekalkan kala yang konsisten.
The storm arrived at midnight and destroyed several houses.
Ribut tiba pada tengah malam dan memusnahkan beberapa buah rumah.
EN: Past Simple Tense: Used to describe completed actions that occurred at a specific time in the past (in this case, 'in April last year'). Regular verbs add '-ed' (happen -> happened, cause -> caused).
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Past Simple: Digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai yang berlaku pada masa tertentu pada masa lalu (dalam kes ini, 'April tahun lepas'). Kata kerja biasa ditambah 'ed' di hujung (seperti happen menjadi happened, cause menjadi caused).
She finished her project yesterday.
Dia menyiapkan projeknya semalam.
EN: In the UK, ancient trees like the 500-year-old oak are highly valued as part of national heritage. Environmental protection is a sensitive public issue, and damage to such landmarks often leads to significant media coverage and political discussion, as seen in this case involving the UK parliament.
EN: The Past Perfect tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action or state that was completed before another point in the past. In this sentence, the tree being part of the environment happened before the people became angry.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Past Perfect (had + past participle) digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan atau keadaan yang telah selesai sebelum titik masa tertentu pada masa lalu. Dalam ayat ini, pokok itu sebagai sebahagian daripada alam sekitar ialah fakta yang berlaku sebelum orang ramai berasa marah.
The movie had already started when we arrived at the cinema.
Apabila kami tiba di panggung wayang, filem itu telah pun bermula.
EN: The conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a subordinate clause that provides the reason for the action or feeling described in the main clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'because' (kerana) digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa bawahan yang memberikan sebab bagi tindakan atau perasaan yang diterangkan dalam klausa utama.
She stayed home because she was feeling unwell.
EN: In the UK, ancient trees (especially oaks) are highly valued as symbols of national heritage and biodiversity. Cutting down a 500-year-old tree is often seen not just as environmental damage, but as a loss of history, which explains the 'widespread public outrage' mentioned in the context.
EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the action is more important than the person performing it. Here, 'was discussed' emphasizes the debate itself.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (be + past participle): Digunakan apabila tindakan itu lebih penting daripada pelaku. Di sini, 'was discussed' menekankan perdebatan itu sendiri.
The new law was passed by the government yesterday.
Undang-undang baharu ini telah diluluskan oleh kerajaan semalam.
EN: Non-defining Relative Clause with 'which': The word 'which' refers back to the entire preceding clause ('The issue was even discussed in parliament') to provide additional information.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif bukan penentu dengan 'which': 'which' di sini merujuk kepada keseluruhan klausa sebelumnya (masalah ini bahkan telah dibincangkan di parlimen), digunakan untuk memberikan maklumat tambahan.
He arrived late, which annoyed his boss.
Dia lewat, yang menyebabkan bosnya marah.
EN: In the UK, issues discussed in parliament often represent matters of significant national interest or public concern. The fact that a single tree's removal reached this level highlights the British public's deep cultural attachment to ancient woodlands and environmental heritage.
EN: Non-defining relative clauses: These provide extra information about a noun and are separated by commas. They use 'which' for things and 'who' for people, and cannot be introduced by 'that'.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif bukan penentu: Klausa jenis ini memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang kata nama dan dipisahkan dengan koma. Gunakan 'which' untuk benda, 'who' untuk orang, dan 'that' tidak boleh digunakan untuk memperkenalkannya.
The old oak tree, which was 500 years old, was cut down.
Pokok oak tua yang berusia lima ratus tahun itu telah ditebang.
EN: Legal Action against: The phrase 'start/take legal action against someone' means to sue or begin a formal legal process to resolve a dispute.
Bahasa Melayu: Tindakan undang-undang terhadap: Frasa 'start/take legal action against someone' bermaksud menyaman atau memulakan prosiding undang-undang rasmi untuk menyelesaikan pertikaian.
The company decided to take legal action against the former employee for breach of contract.
Syarikat itu memutuskan untuk mengambil tindakan undang-undang terhadap bekas pekerja yang melanggar kontrak itu.
EN: In the UK, local councils (like Enfield council) are responsible for public services and land management in specific districts. They have the power to take legal action to protect public assets, such as ancient trees in parks.
EN: The structure 'describe A as B' is used to define or characterize something in a specific way. 'A' is the object, and 'B' is the object complement following the preposition 'as'.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur 'describe A as B' (menerangkan A sebagai B) digunakan untuk mentakrifkan atau mencirikan sesuatu dengan cara tertentu. 'A' ialah objek, manakala 'B' ialah pelengkap objek selepas kata sendi 'as'.
The witness described the suspect as a tall man in a blue jacket.
Saksi menerangkan suspek sebagai seorang lelaki tinggi yang memakai jaket biru.
EN: The relative clause 'that caused huge damage...' uses the relative pronoun 'that' to provide more information about the noun 'act'. In this case, 'that' acts as the subject of the relative clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif 'that caused huge damage...' menggunakan kata ganti relatif 'that' untuk memberikan maklumat lanjut tentang kata nama 'act' (tindakan). Dalam kes ini, 'that' berfungsi sebagai subjek klausa relatif.
This is a decision that will change our future.
Ini ialah keputusan yang akan mengubah masa depan kita.
EN: In the UK, ancient trees (especially oaks) are highly valued for their historical and ecological significance. Cutting one down without permission is seen as a serious environmental offense, often leading to legal action by local councils like the Enfield council.
EN: Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Used to describe an action that was completed before another action or time in the past. In this sentence, the reduction of the lifespan happened before the officials made their statement.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Past Perfect (had + past participle): Digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai sebelum tindakan atau titik masa lain pada masa lalu. Dalam ayat ini, pengurangan jangka hayat berlaku sebelum pegawai membuat kenyataan.
The rain had stopped before the game began.
Hujan telah berhenti sebelum perlawanan bermula.
EN: Reported Speech with an omitted 'that': After reporting verbs like 'said', 'thought', or 'claimed', the conjunction 'that' is often omitted in informal or news writing to make the sentence more concise.
Bahasa Melayu: Ucapan tak langsung dengan 'that' yang digugurkan: Selepas kata kerja pelapor seperti 'said', 'thought' atau 'claimed', kata hubung 'that' sering digugurkan dalam penulisan tidak formal atau berita untuk menjadikan ayat lebih ringkas.
She said she would arrive at six.
Dia berkata dia akan tiba pada pukul enam.
EN: In the UK, ancient trees (especially oaks) are highly valued as part of national heritage. Cutting down such a tree without permission is not just a legal issue but is often seen as a 'reckless act' against the environment and community history, leading to significant public and political pressure.
EN: Relative Clauses (Defining): The phrase 'that runs Toby Carvery' is a relative clause used to identify which specific company is being discussed. It begins with the relative pronoun 'that'.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif penentu: Frasa 'that runs Toby Carvery' ialah klausa relatif yang digunakan untuk mengenal pasti syarikat tertentu yang sedang dibincangkan. Ia bermula dengan kata ganti relatif 'that'.
The man that lives next door is a famous chef.
Orang yang tinggal di sebelah rumah ialah seorang chef terkenal.
EN: Appositives: 'Mitchells and Butler Retail' is an appositive, which is a noun or noun phrase that renames another noun right beside it (in this case, 'The company') to provide more specific information.
Bahasa Melayu: Apositif: 'Mitchells and Butler Retail' ialah apositif. Apositif ialah kata nama atau frasa kata nama yang terletak bersebelahan dengan kata nama lain (dalam ayat ini, 'The company') untuk menamakan semula atau memberikan maklumat yang lebih spesifik.
My brother, a talented musician, plays the piano every day.
Abang saya, seorang pemuzik yang berbakat, bermain piano setiap hari.
EN: In the UK, legal disputes involving environmental damage to ancient trees are taken very seriously. Ancient trees are often protected by law, and public sentiment regarding local heritage is strong, which is why a large retail company like Mitchells and Butler Retail faced significant pressure to settle and compensate for the damage.
EN: The phrase 'As part of' is used to introduce a context or a condition that is a component of a larger agreement, plan, or situation.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'As part of' (sebagai sebahagian daripada...) digunakan untuk memperkenalkan salah satu komponen atau syarat dalam perjanjian, rancangan, atau situasi yang lebih besar.
As part of the deal, he received a new car.
Sebagai sebahagian daripada perjanjian itu, dia mendapat sebuah kereta baharu.
EN: The infinitive 'to restore' functions as an adverbial of purpose or the specific action the company will pay for. 'Will pay to [verb]' is a common structure to indicate funding an action.
Bahasa Melayu: Infinitif 'to restore' (untuk memulihkan) berfungsi sebagai keterangan tujuan, menjelaskan tindakan khusus yang akan dibiayai oleh syarikat. 'Will pay to [kata kerja]' ialah struktur biasa untuk menyatakan pembiayaan bagi sesuatu tindakan.
The government will pay to improve the local schools.
Kerajaan akan membiayai penambahbaikan sekolah-sekolah tempatan.
EN: In the UK, ancient trees and local green spaces are highly valued. When a company causes environmental damage, they are often legally required to fund 'offsetting' projects, such as planting new trees or restoring traditional orchards, to compensate the community.
EN: The modal verb 'will' is used here to express a future commitment or promise as part of a legal settlement. It is followed by the base form of the verbs 'cover' and 'pay'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja bantu 'will' digunakan di sini untuk menyatakan komitmen atau janji masa depan dalam perjanjian penyelesaian undang-undang. Ia diikuti oleh kata kerja dasar 'cover' dan 'pay'.
The company will provide a full refund to all affected customers.
Syarikat itu akan memberikan bayaran balik penuh kepada semua pelanggan yang terjejas.
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'and' connects two parallel verb phrases: 'cover the council's legal costs' and 'pay for treatment...'. This structure shows that 'it' (the company) is responsible for both actions.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung koordinat 'and' menghubungkan dua frasa kerja yang selari: 'cover the council's legal costs' dan 'pay for treatment...'. Struktur ini menunjukkan bahawa 'it' (syarikat itu) bertanggungjawab untuk kedua-dua tindakan ini.
She will clean the house and cook dinner for the guests.
Dia akan membersihkan rumah dan menyediakan makan malam untuk tetamu.
EN: In the UK, ancient trees (especially oaks) are highly valued for their historical and ecological significance. Legal actions by local councils against corporations for environmental damage are taken very seriously by the public, often leading to settlements that include restoration projects like planting orchards.
EN: The phrase 'chance of + gerund (-ing)' is used to express the probability or likelihood of something happening.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'chance of + gerund (-ing)' digunakan untuk menyatakan kebarangkalian atau kemungkinan sesuatu berlaku.
There is a good chance of winning the game.
Peluang untuk memenangi perlawanan ini sangat besar.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'because of' is used to introduce a reason or cause, followed by a noun or noun phrase.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi 'because of' digunakan untuk memperkenalkan sebab atau alasan, diikuti oleh kata nama atau frasa kata nama.
The flight was delayed because of the heavy rain.
Akibat hujan lebat, penerbangan itu ditangguhkan.
EN: Ancient trees in the UK are often protected by law and hold significant historical and ecological value. The public outcry mentioned in the context reflects the deep cultural connection British people have with their natural heritage and the importance of 'Ancient Woodlands'.
EN: The Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, the 'felling' happened before the 'apology'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Past Perfect (had + past participle) digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai sebelum tindakan lain pada masa lalu. Dalam ayat ini, 'penebangan' berlaku sebelum 'permohonan maaf'.
The restaurant had already closed when we arrived.
Apabila kami tiba, restoran itu sudah ditutup.
EN: A relative clause starting with 'that' is used here to provide more information about the noun 'upset'. It specifies which upset is being discussed—the one caused by the felling.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif yang bermula dengan 'that' digunakan di sini untuk memberikan maklumat lanjut tentang kata nama 'upset' (kegusaran/kebimbangan). Ia menjelaskan jenis kegusaran yang dimaksudkan—iaitu kegusaran yang disebabkan oleh penebangan.
I lost the book that you lent me.
Saya kehilangan buku yang anda pinjamkan kepada saya.
EN: In the UK, ancient trees like the 500-year-old oak are highly valued for their historical and ecological significance. Cutting one down without permission is seen as a major environmental offense, often leading to public campaigns and legal action from local councils.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense (has + past participle) is used here with 'always' to describe an action or state that started in the past and continues to the present moment.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Present Perfect (has + past participle) digunakan di sini dengan 'always' untuk menerangkan tindakan atau keadaan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan hingga kini.
The company has always maintained a high standard of service.
Syarikat ini sentiasa mengekalkan standard perkhidmatan yang tinggi.
EN: A Noun Clause starting with 'that' acts as the direct object of the verb 'said'. It contains a complete sentence structure (subject + verb + complement).
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa kata nama yang bermula dengan 'that' bertindak sebagai objek langsung bagi kata kerja 'said'. Ia mengandungi struktur ayat yang lengkap (subjek + kata kerja + pelengkap).
He said that the project was finished on time.
Dia berkata projek itu telah disiapkan tepat pada masanya.
EN: In the UK, ancient trees (especially oaks) are highly valued for their historical and ecological significance. Cutting them down without proper authorization from the local council can lead to significant legal penalties and public backlash, as seen in this case with Mitchells and Butler Retail.
EN: Present Perfect Passive Voice: Formed with 'has/have + been + past participle'. It is used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and focuses on the receiver of the action.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif Kala Present Perfect: Dibentuk dengan 'has/have + been + past participle'. Digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa lalu pada masa yang tidak pasti, dengan tumpuan kepada penerima tindakan.
The decision has been disputed by the local community.
Keputusan ini telah dipersoalkan oleh komuniti tempatan.
EN: Relative Clause with 'who': A relative clause provides more information about a noun (the antecedent). 'Who' is used when the antecedent is a person or a group of people (like 'experts').
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif dengan 'who': Klausa relatif memberikan maklumat lanjut tentang kata nama (anteseden). Apabila anteseden ialah orang atau sekumpulan orang (seperti 'experts'), gunakan 'who'.
I know a doctor who works at that hospital.
Saya mengenali seorang doktor yang bekerja di hospital itu.
EN: In the UK, ancient trees (especially oaks) are highly valued for their historical and ecological significance. Cutting down such a tree without permission is not just a legal issue but a major public scandal, as seen by the involvement of the parliament.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: kebun buah-buahan
Dalam konteks: kebenaran, keizinan
Dalam konteks: kemarahan, kemarahan awam
Dalam konteks: melulu, tidak berhati-hati
Dalam konteks: jangka hayat, tempoh hidup yang dijangka
Dalam konteks: diselesaikan, didamaikan (pertikaian undang-undang)
Dalam konteks: memulihkan, mengembalikan
Dalam konteks: hidup, terselamat
Dalam konteks: dengan ikhlas
Dalam konteks: mempersoalkan, mempertikaikan
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To make a tree or other plant fall to the ground by cutting it near the base.
Menebang
The process of using a court of law to settle a dispute.
Tindakan undang-undang, tindakan mahkamah
The money spent on lawyers and court fees during a legal case.
Kos undang-undang, kos guaman
An official announcement made by two or more groups together.
Kenyataan bersama