Steve Jobs: Think DifferentSteve Jobs: Fikir Berbeza
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EN: Present Participle Phrase (Reduced Relative Clause): The word 'aiming' starts a participle phrase that functions as an adverbial modifier, explaining the purpose or simultaneous action of the subject (Steve). It is a shortened form of 'and he aimed' or 'while he was aiming'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Partisipel Kini (Klausa Relatif Diringkaskan): Perkataan 'aiming' memulakan frasa partisipel yang berfungsi sebagai penerang adverba, menerangkan tujuan atau tindakan serentak subjek (Steve). Ini ialah bentuk ringkas bagi 'and he aimed' atau 'while he was aiming'.
She walked out of the room, slamming the door behind her.
Dia keluar dari bilik dan menutup pintu dengan kuat.
EN: Past Simple Tense: Used to describe completed actions in the past. 'Founded' is the past tense of 'found' (to establish), indicating a specific historical event.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Lampau Mudah: Digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lampau. 'Founded' ialah kala lampau bagi 'found' (menubuhkan), menunjukkan peristiwa sejarah yang khusus.
The company was founded in 1976.
Syarikat ini ditubuhkan pada tahun 1976.
EN: NeXT Computer was the company Steve Jobs started after being forced out of Apple in 1985. Although it wasn't a huge commercial success, its operating system (NeXTSTEP) became the foundation for macOS after Apple acquired NeXT in 1997.
EN: The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase ('seeing its potential') to provide additional information or express a reason/result. It functions as an adverbial clause reduced from 'because he saw its potential'.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Frasa Partisipel Kini ('seeing its potential') untuk memberikan maklumat tambahan atau menyatakan sebab/akibat. Ini ialah binaan partisipel yang diringkaskan daripada klausa keterangan (contohnya, because he saw...).
She walked out of the room, closing the door quietly.
Dia keluar dari bilik dan menutup pintu dengan perlahan.
EN: The Past Participle Phrase 'called Pixar' acts as an adjective (reduced relative clause) modifying the noun 'studio'. It is short for 'which was called Pixar'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa partisipel lampau 'called Pixar' berfungsi sebagai adjektif (diringkaskan daripada klausa relatif), digunakan untuk menerangkan kata nama 'studio'. Ia adalah singkatan bagi 'which was called Pixar'.
I live in a city called Taipei.
Saya tinggal di sebuah bandar yang bernama Taipei.
EN: Pixar was originally a hardware group within Lucasfilm before Steve Jobs bought it. This sentence highlights Jobs' famous 'vision'—the ability to see the future value of technology and art before others did.
EN: The conjunction 'While' is used here to introduce a contrast between two simultaneous actions or situations, often highlighting a difference in their progress or success.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'While' digunakan di sini untuk memperkenalkan kontras antara dua tindakan atau keadaan yang berlaku serentak, biasanya untuk menekankan perbezaan dalam kemajuan atau tahap kejayaan.
While the city is busy during the day, it becomes very peaceful at night.
Walaupun bandar ini sibuk pada siang hari, ia menjadi sangat tenang pada waktu malam.
EN: The idiom 'gain traction' means to start to succeed or become popular. It is commonly used in business contexts to describe a product or idea that is beginning to be accepted by the public.
Bahasa Melayu: Peribahasa 'gain traction' secara literal bermaksud mendapatkan daya tarikan, secara kiasan bermaksud mula mendapat kemajuan, pengiktirafan, atau menjadi popular. Dalam konteks perniagaan, ia sering digunakan untuk menerangkan produk atau konsep yang mula diterima oleh orang ramai.
The new marketing campaign is finally starting to gain traction.
Kempen pemasaran baharu akhirnya mula mendapat sambutan.
EN: This sentence highlights a pivotal moment in tech history. NeXT was Steve Jobs' ambitious computer company that failed commercially, but its software became the foundation for macOS. Meanwhile, Pixar, which Jobs also owned, revolutionized the film industry. The contrast shows how failure in one area can coexist with massive success in another.
EN: Appositive: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename or describe it. Here, 'the world's first fully computer-animated feature film' describes 'Toy Story'.
Bahasa Melayu: Apositif: Kata nama atau frasa nama yang terletak bersebelahan dengan kata nama lain untuk menamakan semula atau memberi maklumat tambahan tentang kata nama tersebut. Dalam ayat ini, 'filem animasi penuh pertama di dunia' digunakan untuk menerangkan 'Toy Story'.
My brother, a talented chef, opened a new restaurant.
Abang saya, seorang chef yang berbakat, telah membuka restoran baharu.
EN: Present Participle Phrase (Reduced Relative Clause): The word 'marking' starts a participial phrase that describes the result of the previous action or provides additional information about the entire preceding clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Partisipel Kini (Klausa Relatif Diringkaskan): Perkataan 'marking' memulakan frasa partisipel yang digunakan untuk menerangkan hasil daripada tindakan yang dinyatakan sebelum ini, atau memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang keseluruhan ayat sebelumnya.
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing a flood in the city.
Hujan lebat berterusan selama beberapa jam, menyebabkan bandar itu banjir.
EN: Toy Story (1995) was a landmark in cinema history as it moved the industry away from traditional hand-drawn animation toward CGI (Computer-Generated Imagery), establishing Pixar as a dominant force in storytelling.
EN: The use of the Past Simple tense with specific time markers (In 1997) to describe completed states and actions in the past.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan Kala Lampau Mudah dengan penanda masa yang khusus (In 1997) untuk menerangkan keadaan atau tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lampau.
In 2010, the company launched its first tablet.
Pada tahun 2010, syarikat itu melancarkan tablet pertamanya.
EN: Adverbs of degree (nearly, desperately) are used to modify adjectives (bankrupt) and verbs (needed) to emphasize the intensity of the situation.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata adverba darjah (nearly, desperately) digunakan untuk menerangkan kata adjektif (bankrupt) dan kata kerja (needed), untuk menekankan keamatan keadaan.
He was nearly exhausted after the long meeting.
Selepas mesyuarat yang panjang itu, dia hampir keletihan.
EN: The year 1997 is a pivotal moment in tech history. Apple was only weeks away from total bankruptcy before Microsoft invested $150 million and Steve Jobs returned, marking one of the greatest corporate turnarounds in history.
EN: The Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past. Here, 'had earned' happened before 'returned'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Lampau Sempurna (had + partisipel lampau) digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai sebelum tindakan lain pada masa lampau. Dalam ayat ini, 'memenangi semula jawatan' berlaku sebelum 'kembali'.
She had finished the report before the meeting started.
Dia telah menyiapkan laporan itu sebelum mesyuarat bermula.
EN: Apposition (Appositive) is a noun or noun phrase that renames or provides more information about another noun right next to it. 'A position...' explains what 'CEO' represents.
Bahasa Melayu: Apositif (Appositive) ialah kata nama atau frasa nama yang menamakan semula atau memberikan maklumat lanjut tentang kata nama yang terletak bersebelahan dengannya. Di sini, 'a position...' menjelaskan maksud 'CEO'.
Mr. Brown, my favorite teacher, is retiring next year.
Encik Brown, guru kegemaran saya, akan bersara pada tahun hadapan.
EN: Steve Jobs was famously ousted from Apple in 1985. His return in 1997 is considered one of the most significant corporate comebacks in history, as he transformed Apple from near-bankruptcy to the world's most valuable company.
EN: Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): Used here as a reduced relative clause or a supplementary action, providing more detail about the main action (simplified). It functions as an adverbial modifier describing how or in what manner the subject performed the main verb.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Partisipel Kini (V-ing): Digunakan di sini sebagai klausa yang diringkaskan atau maklumat tambahan, memberikan butiran lanjut tentang tindakan dalam klausa utama (diringkaskan). Ia berfungsi sebagai penerang adverba, menerangkan cara atau keadaan subjek melaksanakan kata kerja utama.
She walked out of the room, smiling at everyone.
Dia keluar dari bilik sambil tersenyum kepada semua orang.
EN: Past Simple Tense: Used to describe completed actions in the past. The verb 'simplified' is the regular past form of 'simplify'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Lampau Mudah: Digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lampau. Kata kerja 'simplified' ialah perubahan kala lampau yang tetap bagi 'simplify'.
The company launched its first product in 1984.
Syarikat itu melancarkan produk pertamanya pada tahun 1984.
EN: This sentence refers to a pivotal moment in business history when Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997. He famously cut the product grid from dozens of items to just four, embodying the philosophy of 'Less is More' which became Apple's hallmark.
EN: The use of the V-ing form (marking) after a comma is a 'Present Participle Phrase' used to show a result or a simultaneous action. It functions as a reduced relative clause, effectively meaning 'which marked'.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan bentuk V-ing (marking) selepas koma ialah 'Frasa Partisipel Kini', digunakan untuk menyatakan hasil atau tindakan yang berlaku serentak. Ia berfungsi sebagai klausa relatif yang diringkaskan, dengan makna sebenar yang sama dengan 'which marked'.
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing severe flooding in the city.
Hujan lebat berterusan selama beberapa jam, menyebabkan banjir teruk di bandar itu.
EN: The verb 'save' is often used with the preposition 'from' to indicate the danger or negative state that was avoided (save someone/something from + noun).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'save' sering digunakan dengan kata depan 'from' untuk menunjukkan bahaya atau keadaan negatif yang dielakkan (save someone/something from + kata nama).
The new law saved the forest from destruction.
Undang-undang baharu ini menyelamatkan hutan daripada kemusnahan.
EN: The iMac G3, released in 1998, was a cultural icon known for its translucent, candy-colored design. It is often cited in business history as the product that saved Apple from bankruptcy and redefined the personal computer as a consumer lifestyle product rather than just a gray office tool.
EN: The sentence uses a 'Participle Phrase' (changing...) as an absolute construction or a supplementary modifier. Here, 'each one' acts as the logical subject for the present participle 'changing', describing the result or additional information about the preceding clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan 'Frasa Partisipel' (changing...) sebagai maklumat tambahan. Di sini, 'each one' ialah subjek logik bagi partisipel kini 'changing', digunakan untuk menerangkan hasil atau maklumat tambahan daripada klausa utama sebelumnya.
The company released three new apps, each one targeting a different age group.
Syarikat itu melancarkan tiga aplikasi baharu, setiap satu menyasarkan kumpulan umur yang berbeza.
EN: The Oxford Comma is used before the conjunction 'and' in a list of three or more items (iPod, iPhone, and iPad) to ensure clarity and separate the items distinctly.
Bahasa Melayu: Koma Oxford (Oxford Comma) digunakan sebelum kata hubung 'and' dalam senarai tiga atau lebih item (iPod, iPhone, and iPad) untuk memastikan kejelasan makna dan membezakan setiap item dengan jelas.
She bought apples, oranges, and bananas at the market.
Dia membeli epal, oren, dan pisang di pasar.
EN: The mention of iPod, iPhone, and iPad refers to the 'Holy Trinity' of Apple's consumer electronics that revolutionized music, telecommunications, and mobile computing respectively. The lowercase 'i' prefix became a cultural symbol of the early 21st-century digital era.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'both... and...' is used to emphasize that two qualities or items are equally true or applicable to the subject.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung korelatif 'both... and...' digunakan untuk menekankan bahawa dua kualiti atau perkara adalah sama benar bagi subjek, bermaksud 'kedua-duanya... dan...'.
The hotel was both affordable and comfortable.
Hotel ini kedua-duanya berpatutan dan selesa.
EN: The sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'believed'. In English, the conjunction 'that' is often omitted in informal or narrative contexts.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan 'klausa-that' sebagai klausa nama yang bertindak sebagai objek langsung bagi kata kerja 'believed'. Dalam naratif bahasa Inggeris, kata hubung 'that' sering digugurkan.
I believe (that) we can win the game.
Saya percaya bahawa kita boleh memenangi perlawanan itu.
EN: This sentence reflects Steve Jobs' core philosophy of 'Human-Centered Design,' which revolutionized the tech industry by prioritizing aesthetics and user experience over raw technical specifications.
EN: The sentence uses the Past Simple tense ('redefined', 'interacted') to describe completed actions in the past that have a lasting impact on history.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Kala Lampau Mudah ('redefined', 'interacted') untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lampau dan memberi kesan yang mendalam terhadap sejarah.
The invention of the internet changed how we share information.
Penciptaan internet telah mengubah cara kita berkongsi maklumat.
EN: The phrase 'the way (that) people interacted' uses a relative clause to modify the noun 'way'. In English, 'that' or 'in which' is often omitted after 'the way'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'the way (that) people interacted' menggunakan klausa relatif untuk menerangkan kata nama 'way' (cara). Dalam bahasa Inggeris, kata ganti relatif 'that' atau 'in which' sering digugurkan selepas 'the way'.
I like the way she teaches English.
Saya suka cara dia mengajar bahasa Inggeris.
EN: The term 'user interface' (UI) became a household name largely due to Apple's focus on making complex computers accessible to non-technical people through visual design.
EN: The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase ('inspiring...') as a result or extension of the main clause. This is a reduced relative clause or a participial construction that describes the effect of the preceding action.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Frasa Partisipel Kini ('inspiring...') sebagai hasil atau lanjutan daripada klausa utama. Ini ialah struktur partisipel atau klausa relatif yang diringkaskan, digunakan untuk menerangkan kesan atau hasil daripada tindakan yang dinyatakan sebelum ini.
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing severe flooding in the city.
Hujan lebat berterusan selama beberapa jam, menyebabkan banjir teruk di bandar itu.
EN: The verb 'pursue' is used in the infinitive form 'to pursue' following the object 'generations'. The structure 'inspire someone to do something' is a common transitive verb pattern.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'pursue' digunakan dalam bentuk infinitif 'to pursue' selepas objek 'generations'. 'inspire someone to do something' (mengilhamkan seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu) ialah pola kata kerja transitif yang biasa.
Her teacher inspired her to study medicine.
Gurunya mengilhamkan dia untuk melanjutkan pelajaran dalam bidang perubatan.
EN: The phrase 'Stay hungry, stay foolish' was originally from the 'Whole Earth Catalog' and was popularized by Steve Jobs during his 2005 Stanford commencement speech. It encourages people to never be satisfied with what they know and to be willing to take risks that others might find 'foolish'.
EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the subject receives the action. In this sentence, 'was diagnosed' indicates that a doctor performed the diagnosis on Steve.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (be + partisipel lampau): Digunakan apabila subjek menerima tindakan. Dalam ayat ini, 'was diagnosed' menunjukkan bahawa doktor telah mendiagnosis Steve.
The patient was treated by a specialist.
Pesakit itu dirawat oleh seorang doktor pakar.
EN: Gerunds after 'continue': The verb 'continue' can be followed by a gerund (V-ing) to indicate that an action persists or resumes.
Bahasa Melayu: Gerund selepas 'continue': Kata kerja 'continue' boleh diikuti oleh gerund (V-ing) untuk menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu tindakan berterusan atau disambung semula.
Despite the rain, they continued playing football.
Walaupun hujan, mereka terus bermain bola sepak.
EN: Steve Jobs' battle with pancreatic cancer was highly publicized. His decision to continue leading Apple during his illness is often cited as a testament to his passion and dedication to his work.
EN: The preposition 'about' is followed by gerunds (verb + -ing) when describing the content or topic of a speech or book. Here, 'connecting' and 'following' act as nouns representing actions.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata depan 'about' diikuti oleh gerund (kata kerja + -ing) apabila menerangkan topik ucapan atau buku. Di sini, 'connecting' dan 'following' digunakan sebagai kata nama, mewakili tindakan tertentu.
She wrote a book about traveling the world on a budget.
Dia menulis sebuah buku tentang cara mengembara ke seluruh dunia dengan bajet yang rendah.
EN: The phrase 'connecting the dots' is an idiomatic expression meaning to find a logical link between separate ideas or events, often looking back at past experiences.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'connecting the dots' ialah ungkapan idiomatik yang bermaksud mencari hubungan logik antara idea atau peristiwa yang kelihatan bebas, biasanya digunakan apabila merenung pengalaman lalu.
It was only years later that I started connecting the dots of my career path.
Sehingga bertahun-tahun kemudian, saya mula menghubungkan titik-titik dalam kerjaya saya.
EN: This refers to Steve Jobs' 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech, which is one of the most famous graduation speeches in history. The concept of 'connecting the dots' emphasizes that you can't connect them looking forward; you can only connect them looking backward, trusting that things will make sense in the future.
EN: The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase ('leaving behind...') as a result or simultaneous action. This structure reduces a clause (and he left behind...) to a participle to show that the second action is a direct consequence of the first.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Frasa Partisipel Kini ('leaving behind...') untuk menyatakan hasil atau tindakan yang berlaku serentak. Struktur ini meringkaskan klausa (and he left behind...) menjadi partisipel, untuk menunjukkan bahawa tindakan kedua adalah akibat langsung daripada tindakan pertama.
The storm hit the coast, causing widespread power outages.
Ribut melanda pantai, menyebabkan gangguan bekalan elektrik yang meluas.
EN: The phrasal verb 'pass away' is a euphemism for 'to die.' It is used to show respect and sensitivity when discussing someone's death.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja frasa 'pass away' ialah eufemisme bagi 'to die' (mati). Ia digunakan untuk menunjukkan rasa hormat dan empati apabila membincangkan kematian seseorang.
Her grandfather passed away peacefully in his sleep.
Datuknya meninggal dunia dengan tenang semasa tidur.
EN: The term 'legacy' is often used in Western culture to describe the lasting impact or contribution a person makes to the world after their death, especially for public figures like Steve Jobs.
EN: The present participle phrase (making him...) is used as a result clause. It functions as an adverbial modifier that describes the consequence or result of the entire preceding main clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa partisipel kini (making him...) digunakan sebagai klausa hasil. Ia berfungsi sebagai penerang adverba, digunakan untuk menerangkan hasil atau akibat daripada keseluruhan klausa utama sebelumnya.
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing a massive flood in the city.
Hujan lebat berterusan selama beberapa jam, menyebabkan banjir besar di bandar itu.
EN: The verb 'continue' can be followed by a 'to-infinitive' (to shape) or a 'gerund' (shaping) with very little difference in meaning, indicating an action that persists over time.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'continue' boleh diikuti oleh 'infinitif-to' (to shape) atau 'gerund' (shaping), dengan perbezaan makna yang kecil, kedua-duanya menunjukkan tindakan yang berterusan dari semasa ke semasa.
Despite the challenges, she continued to pursue her career in music.
Walaupun menghadapi cabaran, dia terus mengejar kerjaya muziknya.
EN: The term 'visionary' is frequently used in Silicon Valley culture to describe leaders like Steve Jobs who didn't just improve existing products but imagined entirely new categories of technology that changed human behavior.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: revolusioner, membawa perubahan besar
Dalam konteks: (idea, produk, dll.) tahap populariti, daya tarikan
Dalam konteks: kejayaan besar, kemajuan penting
Dalam konteks: muflis, bankrap
Dalam konteks: inovasi, pembaharuan
Dalam konteks: (keadaan) bertambah baik, titik perubahan
Dalam konteks: mentakrifkan semula
Dalam konteks: moto, cogan kata
Dalam konteks: luar biasa, cemerlang
Dalam konteks: orang yang berpandangan jauh, pemikir visionari
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To begin to have success or acceptance.
Mula mendapat sambutan, mula mendapat momentum
A polite way to say someone has died.
Meninggal dunia, kembali ke rahmatullah
To understand how different ideas or events are related.
Menghubungkan titik-titik, memahami perkaitan
To never be satisfied with your achievements and always want to do more.
Sentiasa dahagakan ilmu, tidak pernah berpuas hati dengan keadaan semasa
A full-length movie intended for theatrical release, usually lasting 75 minutes or more.
Filem cereka
A group of related products manufactured by a single company.
Barisan produk
The visual and interactive elements of a software application or hardware device.
Antara muka pengguna