Harry Kane: The Captain's Sacrifice凱恩：隊長的成全
聆聽課程
0:00
0:00
EN： The preposition 'in' is used to describe a state or condition that someone is experiencing. In this sentence, 'in the absolute best form' indicates the physical and mental condition of the player.
中文： 介系詞「in」可用於描述某人所處的狀態或境遇。在本句中，「in the absolute best form」表示球員當時所處的身體與心理極佳狀態。
She completed the marathon in excellent physical condition.
她在極佳的身體狀態下完成了馬拉松。
EN： Superlative adjectives (e.g., 'best') are often modified by intensifying adverbs like 'absolute' or 'absolutely' to emphasize that there is no comparison possible.
中文： 最高級形容詞（例如「best」）常用「absolute」（絕對的）或「absolutely」（絕對地）等加強語氣的副詞/形容詞來修飾，以強調無可比擬的程度。
This is the absolute worst movie I have ever seen.
這絕對是我看過最爛的電影。
EN： Harry Kane is one of England's greatest modern strikers and the national team's captain. The phrase 'best form of his career' highlights the immense pressure and high expectations placed on him during major tournaments like the FIFA World Cup, where English fans passionately hope to repeat their sole 1966 triumph.
中文： 哈里·凱恩（Harry Kane）是英格蘭現代最偉大的前鋒之一，也是國家隊隊長。句中「職業生涯中絕對最佳的狀態」突顯了在國際足總世界盃等重大賽事中，他身上所肩負的巨大壓力與期望，因為英格蘭球迷一直熱切期盼能重溫 1966 年奪冠的輝煌。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'According to' is used to introduce the source of information, meaning 'as stated by' or 'on the authority of'. It is commonly followed by a noun or noun phrase.
中文： 介系詞片語「According to」（根據……）用於引出資訊的來源，意思是「正如某人所說」或「依據某權威」。其後通常接名詞或名詞片語。
According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.
根據天氣預報，明天會下雨。
EN： The past continuous tense ('was playing') is used here to describe an ongoing action or state that was happening at a specific point in the past, emphasizing the duration and intensity of the performance during that period.
中文： 過去進行式（「was playing」）在此處用於描述過去某個特定時間點正在進行的動作或狀態，強調在該時期內表現的持續性與強度。
She was studying in the library when I saw her yesterday.
昨天我看到她的時候，她正在圖書館看書。
EN： Thomas Tuchel, a highly respected German football manager, was appointed as the head coach of the England national team, bringing high expectations for the squad's performance. In football terminology, a 'striker' is the key attacking player responsible for scoring goals, and Harry Kane's role as both striker and captain makes his form crucial to England's success.
中文： 托馬斯·圖赫爾（Thomas Tuchel）是一位備受尊敬的德國籍足球總教練，他被任命為英格蘭國家隊總教練，這讓外界對球隊的表現寄予厚望。在足球術語中，「striker」（前鋒）是負責進球的核心進攻球員，而哈里·凱恩（Harry Kane）同時身兼前鋒與隊長，他的競技狀態對英格蘭隊的成敗至關重要。
EN： Compound Adjectives with Hyphens: When we combine numbers and nouns to modify another noun, they are joined by hyphens and the noun inside the compound adjective must be in its singular form (e.g., 'thirty-three-year-old', not 'years-old').
中文： 帶連字號的複合形容詞：當我們結合數字和名詞來修飾另一個名詞時，會使用連字號連接，且複合形容詞中的名詞必須使用單數形式（例如：'thirty-three-year-old'，而非 'years-old'）。
We stayed in a five-star hotel during our vacation.
我們在度假期間入住了一家五星級酒店。
EN： Phrasal Verb / Prepositional Usage 'lead someone through something': This structure means to guide or help someone navigate through a difficult process, period, or physical space.
中文： 片語動詞/介系詞用法 'lead someone through something'：此結構表示引導或幫助某人度過艱難的過程、時期或空間。
The experienced guide led the tourists through the dense jungle.
經驗豐富的導遊帶領遊客穿過了茂密的叢林。
EN： In major football tournaments like the World Cup, the 'knockout rounds' (or knockout stage) represent the high-stakes, single-elimination part of the tournament where a single loss means elimination. Leading a team 'safely' through these rounds is a testament to a captain's leadership and experience, as the pressure is immense compared to the group stage.
中文： 在世界盃等大型足球賽事中，「淘汰賽」（knockout rounds）代表了高風險、單敗淘汰的階段，輸掉一場比賽就意味著被淘汰。帶領球隊「安全地」度過這些輪次的比賽，證明了隊長的領導能力和經驗，因為與小組賽相比，此時面臨的壓力是巨大的。
EN： The verb 'include' is a transitive verb used to introduce components that form part of a whole. It is followed directly by a noun phrase as its direct object (in this case, 'a tense 2-1 extra-time win').
中文： 動詞「include」（包括）是一個及物動詞，用於引入構成整體的一部分。其後直接接名詞片語作為直接受詞（在此句中為「a tense 2-1 extra-time win」）。
The tour package includes a guided visit to the historic castle.
這套裝行程包括由導遊帶領參觀這座歷史悠久的城堡。
EN： Noun adjuncts (nouns acting as adjectives) are common in English sports terminology. Here, 'extra-time' (noun) modifies 'win' (noun), and '2-1' acts as a numerical modifier describing the score of the win.
中文： 名詞修飾語（名詞作形容詞用）在英文體育術語中非常常見。在這裡，「extra-time」（延長賽，名詞）修飾「win」（勝利，名詞），而「2-1」則作為數字修飾語來描述這場勝利的比分。
They secured a dramatic last-minute victory in the final match.
他們在決賽中贏得了戲劇性的最後一分鐘勝利。
EN： In international football (soccer) tournaments like the World Cup, the knockout stage matches cannot end in a draw. If the score is tied after 90 minutes of regular play, 'extra-time' (two 15-minute halves) is played to determine the winner, which adds immense tension for fans and players alike.
中文： 在世界盃等國際足球賽事中，淘汰賽階段的比賽不能以平局結束。如果常規時間 90 分鐘後雙方打平，則必須進行「extra-time」（延長賽，分為上下半場各 15 分鐘）以分出勝負，這往往會給球迷和球員帶來極大的緊張感。
EN： The structure 'manage to + verb' is used to show that someone succeeded in doing something difficult or challenging, emphasizing the effort required.
中文： 「manage to + 動詞原形」結構用於表示某人成功完成了某件困難或具挑戰性的事情，強調過程中所付出的努力（譯為「設法做到」或「成功做到」）。
Despite the heavy rain, they managed to finish the match.
儘管下著大雨，他們還是成功完成了比賽。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'for most of...' is used to describe duration, meaning 'during the largest part or majority of a specific period of time'.
中文： 介係詞片語「for most of...」用於描述時間長度，意思是「在特定時間段的大部分時間裡」。
She lived in London for most of her childhood.
她童年的大部分時間都住在倫敦。
EN： In international football (soccer), matches between England and Argentina carry a deep historical and sporting rivalry, famously highlighted by the 1986 World Cup match featuring Diego Maradona's 'Hand of God' goal. Any knockout match between these two nations is highly anticipated and emotionally charged.
中文： 在國際足球賽事中，英格蘭與阿根廷之間的對決帶有深厚的歷史與體育宿怨，最著名的莫過於 1986 年世界盃上迪亞哥·馬拉度納的「上帝之手」進球。這兩國之間的任何淘汰賽都極具話題性且張力十足。
EN： The use of 'until' as a preposition to indicate the limit of a continuous action or state. It shows that the action of 'holding the advantage' continued up to the specific point of 'the final minutes'.
中文： 使用「until」作為介係詞，用以表示持續動作或狀態的終點。它顯示「守住優勢」這一動作一直持續到「最後幾分鐘」這個特定時間點為止。
The team defended their lead until the final whistle.
球隊守住了他們的領先優勢，直到終場哨聲響起。
EN： Non-defining relative clause introduced by 'when'. In this structure, 'when' functions as a relative adverb referring back to a time expression ('the final minutes') and introduces additional, sequential information rather than defining the time itself.
中文： 由「when」引導的非限制性關係子句。在此結構中，「when」作為關係副詞，修飾前面的時間表達（「最後幾分鐘」），並引入額外的、順序發生的資訊，而非用來界定時間本身。
We reached the summit at noon, when the sun was shining brightly.
我們在中午到達山頂，當時陽光普照。
EN： In football (soccer) culture, scoring 'late goals' to turn a match around is one of the most dramatic and heartbreaking ways to win or lose a game. The scoreline '2-1' is written with a hyphen but spoken as 'two-one'.
中文： 在足球文化中，在比賽尾聲攻入「晚期進球」（late goals）來逆轉戰局，是贏球或輸球最戲劇化也最令人揪心的方式之一。比分「2-1」雖然寫成帶連字號的形式，但在口語中會直接唸作「two-one」。
EN： The verb 'describe' is commonly used with the pattern 'describe someone/something as + noun/adjective' to express how someone or something is characterized.
中文： 動詞「describe」（形容/描述）常用於「describe someone/something as + 名詞/形容詞」的句型，用來表達如何特徵化某人或某事物。
The media described the young player as the next superstar.
媒體將這位年輕球員形容為下一位超級巨星。
EN： Reflexive pronouns (myself, himself, etc.) are used as the object of a verb when the subject and the object of the sentence are the same person or thing.
中文： 反身代名詞（如 myself, himself 等）用於當句子的主詞和受詞為同一人或同一事物時，作為動詞的受詞。
He taught himself how to play the guitar.
他自學了如何彈吉他。
EN： The word 'gutted' is a very common British English slang term meaning extremely disappointed, devastated, or deeply saddened. It is frequently used by UK athletes and football players in post-match interviews to express the pain of a major loss.
中文： 「gutted」是一個非常常見的英式英語俚語，意思是極度失望、崩潰或深感悲傷。英國運動員和足球員在賽後採訪中經常使用這個詞，來表達重大失利帶來的痛苦。
EN： The modal verb phrase 'may have + past participle' is used to express a past possibility. It suggests that something was possible in the past, but the speaker is not completely certain.
中文： 情態助動詞片語「may have + 過去分詞」用於表示對過去事情的推測或可能性。這表示某事在過去是有可能的，但說話者並非百分之百確定。
She may have missed the train this morning.
她今天早上可能錯過了火車。
EN： The noun 'near-miss' refers to a situation where a serious accident or failure was only just avoided, or in sports, a situation where a team or player came very close to winning but ultimately failed.
中文： 名詞「near-miss」指差點發生嚴重事故或失敗的險境，在體育運動中，則指球隊或選手非常接近勝利但最終功敗垂成、失之交臂的遺憾情況。
After several near-misses, the scientist finally won the Nobel Prize.
在經歷了幾次與諾貝爾獎失之交臂的遺憾後，這位科學家終於獲獎了。
EN： In English football culture, England fans and players have experienced decades of heartbreak, often coming very close to winning major tournaments (like the World Cup or Euros) only to lose in the final minutes or on penalty shootouts. This history of 'near-misses' makes losses particularly painful for long-serving captains like Harry Kane.
中文： 在英格蘭足球文化中，球迷和球員經歷了數十年的心碎歷史。他們經常在重大賽事（如世界盃或歐洲國家盃）中非常接近冠軍，卻總是在最後關頭或PK大戰中落敗。這種「功敗垂成」（near-misses）的歷史，讓像凱恩這樣長期效力的隊長在面對失敗時感到格外痛苦。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'For the third-place match' is placed at the beginning of the sentence as a fronted adverbial. This is used to set the scene or establish the context of the action immediately, often followed by a comma.
中文： 介係詞片語「For the third-place match」（在季軍賽中）被置於句首作為「前置狀語」。這種用法常用於立即建立動作的背景或情境，通常後面會加上逗號與主句隔開。
For the final project, we decided to work in groups.
在期末專題中，我們決定分組合作。
EN： The to-infinitive 'to rest' is used here as an infinitive of purpose, explaining 'why' Kane stayed on the bench. It is a shortened form of 'in order to rest'.
中文： 不定詞「to rest」在此處用作「目的不定詞」，用來解釋凱恩留在替補席上的「原因」。它是「in order to rest」（為了休息）的簡化形式。
She woke up early to catch the first train.
她提早起床以趕上首班火車。
EN： In professional football (soccer), the 'third-place match' (or bronze medal game) is played between the two losing semifinalists. It is often seen as a bittersweet fixture, where managers frequently rest star players or captains like Kane to give younger or squad players a chance to play on the big stage.
中文： 在職業足球中，「季軍賽」（或稱銅牌戰）是由兩支在準決賽中落敗的球隊進行的比賽。這通常被視為一場喜憂參半的賽事，總教練經常會讓像凱恩這樣的明星球員或隊長在替補席休息，以便給年輕球員或替補隊員在大賽舞台上登場的機會。
EN： The conjunction 'while' is used to connect two actions happening at the same time. In this context, it introduces a subordinate clause ('while his teammates beat...') that describes the background action occurring while the main action ('He watched') takes place.
中文： 從屬連接詞「while」（當……的時候）用於連接兩個同時發生的動作。在此句中，它引導一個從屬子句（while his teammates beat...），用以描述在主句動作（He watched，他看著）發生時，背景中同時進行的另一件事。
She listened to music while she was cooking dinner.
她一邊做晚飯，一邊聽音樂。
EN： The compound modifier 'ten-goal' uses a hyphen to combine a number and a singular noun ('goal') to function as an adjective before the noun 'game'. In English, nouns in hyphenated compound modifiers are almost always singular (e.g., 'ten-goal', not 'ten-goals').
中文： 複合修飾詞「ten-goal」（進了十球的）使用連字號將數字與單數名詞（goal）結合，在名詞「game」前面充當形容詞。在英文中，以連字號連接的複合修飾詞中的名詞幾乎總是維持單數形式（例如：使用「ten-goal」，而非「ten-goals」）。
They signed a five-year contract with the new sponsor.
他們與新贊助商簽訂了一份為期五年的合約。
EN： In football (soccer) culture, a 'ten-goal game' (such as a 6-4 scoreline) is extremely rare and considered 'wild' or chaotic, as professional matches typically feature much lower scores (often 1-0, 2-1, etc.). Scoring six goals against a powerhouse like France is a historic achievement for England.
中文： 在足球文化中，一場「進了十球的比賽」（例如 6-4 的比分）極為罕見，會被認為非常「瘋狂」或混亂。因為職業足球比賽的比分通常較低（常見如 1-0 或 2-1）。能對法國這樣的傳統強權攻入六球，對英格蘭來說是一項歷史性的成就。
EN： Present Participle (-ing) as an Adverbial Clause of Result: The '-ing' phrase ('securing...') is used after a main clause to describe an action that happens as a direct result of the main clause.
中文： 現在分詞（-ing）作結果狀語：在主句之後使用「-ing」短語（如「securing...」），用來描述作為主句直接結果而發生的動作或狀態。
The storm damaged the power lines, leaving the town in darkness.
暴風雨損壞了輸電線路，導致整個小鎮陷入黑暗。
EN： Possessive with Noun Modifier: The structure 'England's best World Cup finish' uses a possessive noun ('England's') combined with a noun adjunct ('World Cup') modifying the head noun ('finish').
中文： 所有格與名詞修飾語：結構「England's best World Cup finish」結合了所有格名詞（England's）與作修飾語的名詞（World Cup），共同修飾中心名詞（finish）。
The company's annual sales target was finally met.
該公司的年度銷售目標終於實現了。
EN： The year 1966 is the most legendary year in English football history, as it was the only time England won the FIFA World Cup. Any comparison to 1966 highlights an extraordinary, historic achievement for the national team. A 'hat-trick' refers to a single player scoring three goals in a single match, which is a rare and highly celebrated feat.
中文： 1966 年是英格蘭足球歷史上最傳奇的一年，因為那是英格蘭唯一一次奪得國際足總世界盃冠軍。任何與 1966 年的對比，都凸顯了國家隊非凡且具歷史意義的成就。而「hat-trick」（帽子戲法）是指單一球員在單場比賽中攻入三球，這是一項罕見且備受讚譽的壯舉。
EN： The use of an infinitive phrase ('to step back and let...') as a subject complement. In this structure, 'to' is placed after the linking verb 'is' to define or explain the subject 'job'.
中文： 使用不定詞片語（'to step back and let...'）作為主詞補語。在此結構中，'to' 接在連繫動詞 'is' 之後，用以定義或解釋主詞 'job'（職責）的具體內容。
My goal for this year is to learn a new language.
我今年的目標是學習一門新語言。
EN： The causative verb 'let' followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb in its base form without 'to'). In the phrase 'let others shine', 'shine' is a bare infinitive.
中文： 使役動詞 'let'（讓）後面接受詞與原型不定詞（不帶 to 的動詞原型）。在片語 'let others shine' 中，'shine' 即為原型不定詞。
Please let me know when you arrive.
你抵達時請讓我知道。
EN： This sentence reflects a modern philosophy of leadership often praised in sports and corporate culture: servant leadership or 'leading from behind'. Instead of always seeking the spotlight, a great leader (like captain Kane staying on the bench) knows when to empower teammates to take responsibility and achieve success.
中文： 這句話反映了現代體育與企業文化中備受推崇的領導哲學：「僕人式領導」或「從背後領導」。一位偉大的領袖（正如隊長凱恩選擇坐在替補席上）不一定總是追求鎂光燈，而是懂得在何時賦予隊友力量，讓他們承擔責任並獲得成功。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： （足球中的）前鋒
在本文中： 淘汰賽的
在本文中： 半準決賽（八強賽）
在本文中： 準決賽（四強賽）
在本文中： 極度失望的、傷心欲絕的
在本文中： 功敗垂成、功虧一簣的經歷
在本文中： （體育比賽中的）替補席、後備席
在本文中： 帽子戲法（同一場比賽中連中三元）
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
An additional period of play specified under the rules of a sport to decide the winner when a game ends in a draw.
（體育比賽中的）加時賽
To temporarily withdraw from an active role or involvement in something to allow others to take over or to gain perspective.
退居幕後、退一步
To allow other people to demonstrate their talents, skills, or achievements and receive recognition.
讓別人發光發熱、給他人表現的機會