David Attenborough: The Boy Who Collected Stones大卫·爱登堡：收集石头的男孩
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EN： Non-restrictive Relative Clause: The word 'where' introduces a non-restrictive relative clause that provides extra information about the place 'Leicester, England'. It is separated by a comma and can be replaced by 'in which'.
中文： 非限制性关系从句：单词 'where' 引导一个非限制性的关系从句，用来提供关于「英格兰莱斯特」这个地点的额外信息。这类从句通常用逗号隔开，且可以用 'in which' 替换。
She moved to Paris, where she studied art for three years.
她搬到了巴黎，在那里学习了三年的艺术。
EN： Possessive Case ('s): The apostrophe followed by 's' is used to show ownership or relationship. Here, it indicates that the story belongs to or is about David Attenborough.
中文： 所有格 ('s)：在名词后加上撇号与 's' 用来表示所有权或关系。在这里，它表示这个故事是关于大卫·爱登堡的。
The teacher's book is on the desk.
老师的书在书桌上。
EN： Leicester is a historic city in the East Midlands of England. It is known for its diverse culture and was the place where David Attenborough's father worked as a university principal, which provided David with access to academic resources from a young age.
中文： 萊斯特是英格蘭東米德蘭茲地區的一座歷史名城。它以多元文化著稱，也是大衛·艾登堡的父親擔任大學校長的地方，這讓大衛從小就能接觸到豐富的學術資源。
EN： The phrase 'be fascinated by' is a passive construction used to express a strong interest or attraction to something. 'Fascinated' acts as a past participle adjective describing the subject's state.
中文： 短语「be fascinated by」是一种被动结构，用于表达对某事物的强烈兴趣或着迷。「Fascinated」作为过去分词形容词，描述主语的心理状态。
She was fascinated by the ancient ruins of Greece.
她对希腊的古代遗迹感到着迷。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'from a young age' is a common idiom used to indicate that a habit, interest, or state began during childhood.
中文： 介词短语「from a young age」是一个常用的惯用语，用来表示某种习惯、兴趣或状态是从童年时期就开始的。
He showed a talent for music from a young age.
他从小就展现出音乐天赋。
EN： The structure 'spend + time + V-ing' is used to indicate how much time is dedicated to a specific activity. The verb following the time duration must be in the present participle (gerund) form.
中文： 结构「spend + 时间 + V-ing」用于表示投入多少时间在某项特定的活动上。接在时间长度后的动词必须使用现在分词（动名词）形式。
She spent the whole afternoon reading a novel.
她花了整个下午读小说。
EN： The past simple tense is used here to describe completed actions or habits in the past. 'Spent' is the irregular past tense form of 'spend'.
中文： 此处使用一般过去时来描述过去已完成的动作或习惯。「Spent」是「spend」的不规则过去式形式。
They visited the museum last weekend.
他们上周末参观了博物馆。
EN： In the mid-20th century, it was common for British children to explore the countryside and collect natural specimens like fossils or bird eggs. Today, collecting wild bird eggs is illegal in the UK under the Wildlife and Countryside Act to protect biodiversity.
中文： 在 20 世紀中葉，英國兒童在鄉間探索並收集化石或鳥蛋等自然標本是很常見的。然而，為了保護生物多樣性，根據英國《野生動物與鄉村法案》，現在收集野鳥蛋在英國是違法的。
EN： The verb 'lead' (past tense: 'led') is often used in the pattern 'lead someone to do something,' meaning to cause or influence someone to take a specific course of action.
中文： 动词「lead」（过去式为 led）常用于「lead someone to do something」的句型，意指导致或影响某人采取特定的行动。
Her curiosity led her to explore the abandoned house.
她的好奇心引领她去探索那栋废弃的房子。
EN： The infinitive 'to study' functions as an object complement here, completing the meaning of what the object 'him' was led to do.
中文： 不定式「to study」在此作为宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语「him」被引领去做什么动作。
The coach encouraged him to practice every day.
教练鼓励他每天练习。
EN： In the UK, 'at university' is used without an article (like 'at school'), whereas in American English, people often say 'at a university' or 'in college'.
中文： 在英國英語中，「at university」不加冠詞（類似於 at school），而在美國英語中，人們通常會說「at a university」或「in college」。
EN： The verb 'become' is a linking verb (copula) used to describe a change in state or identity. It connects the subject to a subject complement (a noun or adjective) that identifies or describes the subject.
中文： 动词 'become' 是一个连系动词，用于描述状态或身份的改变。它将主语与主语补足语（名词或形容词）连接起来，用以识别或描述主语。
The small town became a bustling city over the decade.
这座小镇在十年间变成了一个繁华的城市。
EN： The preposition 'for' is used here to indicate purpose or function, showing what the 'foundation' was intended to support or lead to.
中文： 介词 'for' 在此处用于表示目的或功能，说明这个「基础」是为了支持或导向什么目标。
Hard work is the key for success.
努力是成功的关键。
EN： In British English, 'subjects' refers to the specific branches of knowledge studied in school or university. David Attenborough's study of geology and zoology is a classic example of how academic specialization in the UK education system shapes one's professional path.
中文： 在英式英語中，'subjects' 指的是在學校或大學學習的特定知識分支。大衛·艾登堡對地質學和動物學的研究，是英國教育體系中學術專業化如何形塑個人職業道路的經典案例。
EN： Apposition (Appositive Phrase): This occurs when a noun or noun phrase is placed next to another noun to rename or explain it. In this sentence, 'or BBC' explains 'the British Broadcasting Corporation'.
中文： 同位语（同位语短语）：当一个名词或名词短语放在另一个名词旁边，用来重新命名或解释它时，即为同位语。在本句中，「or BBC」解释了「the British Broadcasting Corporation」。
My brother, a talented musician, lives in London.
我的哥哥是一位有才华的音乐家，他住在伦敦。
EN： The Preposition 'As' for Roles: The word 'as' is used here as a preposition to indicate the role, capacity, or function of a person. It is commonly used when discussing jobs or positions.
中文： 介词「As」表示身份：这里的「as」作为介词，用来表示一个人的角色、身份或职能。这在讨论工作或职位时非常常见。
She worked as a teacher for ten years.
她当了十年的老师。
EN： The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is the national broadcaster of the United Kingdom. It is one of the oldest and most respected media organizations in the world, known for its high-quality documentaries and news reporting.
中文： BBC（英國廣播公司）是英國的國家廣播機構。它是世界上歷史最悠久、最受尊敬的媒體機構之一，以其高品質的紀錄片和新聞報導而聞名。
EN： The use of 'few' (without 'a') indicates a negative connotation, meaning 'not many' or 'hardly any'. It is used with plural countable nouns to emphasize scarcity.
中文： 使用 'few'（不加 a）具有否定意味，表示「很少」或「几乎没有」。它与复数可数名词连用，用来强调数量的稀少。
Few students passed the difficult exam.
很少有学生通过了那场艰难的考试。
EN： The semicolon (;) is used to link two independent clauses that are closely related in thought, functioning similarly to a period but showing a stronger connection.
中文： 分号 (;) 用于连接两个在思想上紧密相关的独立分句，其功能类似于句号，但能展现更强的关联性。
The weather was beautiful; we decided to go for a hike.
天气非常好；我们决定去远足。
EN： In the early 1950s, television was a luxury in post-war Britain. The BBC held a monopoly on broadcasting, and the 1953 coronation of Queen Elizabeth II was the pivotal event that finally prompted millions of British households to purchase their first TV sets.
中文： 在 1950 年代初期，電視在戰後的英國是一種奢侈品。當時英國廣播公司 (BBC) 壟斷了廣播事業，而 1953 年伊莉莎白二世女王的加冕典禮是促使數百萬英國家庭購買第一台電視機的關鍵事件。
EN： The use of 'opportunity + to-infinitive' (to use) acts as an adjective phrase to describe the noun 'opportunity', specifying what kind of opportunity it is.
中文： 使用「opportunity + 不定式」(to use) 作为形容词短语来修饰名词「opportunity」，明确说明是什么样的机会。
She had an opportunity to study abroad last year.
她去年有一个出国留学的机会。
EN： The verb 'show' is a ditransitive verb, which can take two objects: an indirect object (people) and a direct object (the natural world).
中文： 动词「show」是一个双宾动词，可以接两个宾语：间接宾语（people）和直接宾语（the natural world）。
He showed his friends the new photos.
他向朋友们展示了新照片。
EN： In the early 1950s, television was a revolutionary medium in the UK. David Attenborough was a pioneer who recognized that TV could be more than just entertainment; it could be a powerful educational tool to bring the wonders of nature into living rooms.
中文： 在 1950 年代初期，電視在英國是一項革命性的媒介。大衛·艾登堡是一位先驅，他意識到電視不僅僅是娛樂工具，它還可以成為強大的教育工具，將大自然的奇觀帶入客廳。
EN： Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Used to describe an action that was completed before another point in time or event in the past. In this context, it emphasizes that prior to the advent of television, the experience of seeing wild animals was non-existent for most.
中文： 过去完成时 (had + 过去分词)：用于描述在过去某个时间点或事件之前已经完成的动作。在此语境中，它强调在电视普及之前，大多数人完全没有见过野生动物的经历。
She had never traveled abroad before she turned thirty.
在她三十岁之前，她从未出国旅行过。
EN： Prepositional Phrase as Adverbial of Place: 'In their natural habitats' functions as an adverbial phrase modifying the verb 'seen', providing specific information about where the action (or lack thereof) occurred.
中文： 介词短语作为地点状语：「In their natural habitats」作为状语短语修饰动词「seen」，提供了关于动作（或此处指缺乏动作）发生地点的具体信息。
Many rare plants grow in their natural habitats without human interference.
许多稀有植物在没有人干扰的自然栖息地中生长。
EN： Before the 1950s, nature documentaries as we know them today did not exist. People's knowledge of exotic wildlife was limited to books, zoos, or rare museum exhibits. David Attenborough's work with the BBC revolutionized how the general public perceived the natural world, bringing the 'wild' into the living room.
中文： 在 1950 年代之前，我們今天所熟知的自然紀錄片並不存在。人們對異國野生動物的了解僅限於書籍、動物園或罕見的博物館展覽。大衛·艾登堡與 BBC 的合作徹底改變了公眾對自然世界的認知，將「荒野」帶進了客廳。
EN： The sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a direct object of the verb 'believed'. In English, the conjunction 'that' is often omitted in informal or narrative contexts when it follows common verbs of thinking or feeling.
中文： 本句使用了「that 从句」作为动词「believed」的直接宾语。在英语中，当 that 从句接在表示思考或感觉的常用动词之后时，连接词「that」在非正式或叙述语境中经常被省略。
She thought she could finish the project by Friday.
她以为她能在周五前完成这个项目。
EN： The modal verb 'could' is used here as the past tense of 'can' to express possibility or ability within a past-tense narrative (backshifting).
中文： 情态动词「could」在此作为「can」的过去式，用于在过去时态的叙述中表达可能性或能力（时态回推）。
They knew they could win the game if they practiced hard.
他们知道如果努力练习，他们就能赢得比赛。
EN： In the 1950s, television was a revolutionary medium. The idea of 'broadcasting into homes' was a shift from cinema, where people had to go out to see moving images. David Attenborough was a key figure in making the living room a window to the natural world.
中文： 在 1950 年代，電視是一項革命性的媒介。「播送到家中」的概念與電影院截然不同，當時人們必須出門才能看到動態影像。大衛·艾登堡是將客廳變成觀察自然世界之窗的關鍵人物。
EN： Appositives: A noun or noun phrase placed next to another noun to identify or explain it. Here, 'a pioneering television program...' explains what 'Zoo Quest' is.
中文： 同位语：放置在另一个名词旁边，用来识别或解释该名词的名词或名词短语。在这里，「一个开创性的电视节目...」解释了《动物园探奇》是什么。
My friend, a talented pianist, won the competition.
我的朋友是一位才华横溢的钢琴家，他赢得了比赛。
EN： Relative Clauses (Defining): Using 'that' to introduce a clause that provides essential information about a noun. In this case, it describes what the program did.
中文： 关系从句（限制性）：使用 'that' 引导一个从句，为名词提供必要的信息。在本文中，它描述了该节目的具体功能。
The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.
我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
EN： 'Zoo Quest' was a landmark series for the BBC in the 1950s. It was one of the first times wild animals were filmed in their natural environment rather than in a studio, changing how the public viewed nature.
中文： 《動物園探奇》(Zoo Quest) 是 1950 年代英國廣播公司 (BBC) 的里程碑式系列節目。這是最早在自然環境中而非攝影棚內拍攝野生動物的節目之一，改變了公眾看待大自然的方式。
EN： The 'to-infinitive' (to + base verb) is used here as an adverbial of purpose to explain why the action was performed.
中文： 不定式（to + 动词原形）在此用作状语，表示目的，解释主语执行动作的原因。
She saved money to buy a new laptop.
她存钱是为了买一台新笔记本电脑。
EN： Parallel structure with 'and' connects two verbs ('find' and 'film') that share the same object ('wild animals').
中文： 并列连词 'and' 连接两个动词（find 和 film），这两个动词共享同一个宾语（wild animals），构成平行结构。
He likes to read and write short stories.
他喜欢阅读和写短篇故事。
EN： In the 1950s, when David Attenborough started, international travel was rare and expensive. The term 'exotic' reflected the British public's fascination with parts of the world they could only see through his lens.
中文： 在 1950 年代大衛·艾登堡剛起步時，國際旅遊非常罕見且昂貴。「Exotic」（異國情調）一詞反映了當時英國大眾對於那些只能透過他的鏡頭才能看到的遙遠世界的著迷。
EN： The phrase 'among other locations' is an adverbial phrase used to indicate that the list provided is not exhaustive; there are additional items that are not mentioned.
中文： 短语 'among other locations' 是一个状语短语，用来表示所提供的清单并未详尽列出，还有其他未提及的地点。
The museum features works by Picasso and Dali, among other artists.
这家博物馆展出了毕加索和达利等艺术家的作品。
EN： The verb 'take' is used here in the sense of 'leading' or 'bringing' someone to a destination, often used to describe the path of a journey or career.
中文： 动词 'take' 在此处用于「带领」或「引导」某人前往某个目的地，常用于描述旅程或职业生涯的轨迹。
Her research took her to several remote villages in the Amazon.
她的研究带领她去了亚马逊地区的几个偏远村庄。
EN： The countries mentioned (Sierra Leone, Indonesia, Paraguay) represent the global reach of David Attenborough's early work, highlighting the transition from British-centric broadcasting to international nature exploration in the post-WWII era.
中文： 文中所提到的國家（獅子山、印尼、巴拉圭）代表了戴維·艾登堡早期工作的全球範圍，突顯了二戰後英國廣播從以本土為中心轉向國際自然探索的轉變。
EN： The phrase 'among the first' is used to indicate that something belongs to a specific group of pioneers or early examples, rather than being the single first one.
中文： 短语「among the first」用于表示某事物属于特定的一组先驱或早期范例，而不是唯一的首个。
She was among the first women to graduate from this medical school.
她是这所医学院首批毕业的女性之一。
EN： The word 'broadcast' here is a past participle acting as a reduced relative clause (which were broadcast), modifying the noun 'programs'.
中文： 这里的「broadcast」是过去分词，作为简化关系从句（省略了 which were），用来修饰名词「programs」（节目）。
The news broadcast yesterday was very shocking.
昨天播出的新闻非常令人震惊。
EN： The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) has a long-standing global reputation for high-quality natural history documentaries, a legacy largely built by David Attenborough since the 1950s.
中文： 英國廣播公司 (BBC) 在高品質自然歷史紀錄片方面享有長期的國際聲譽，這一傳統很大程度上是由大衛·艾登堡自 1950 年代以來建立的。
EN： The sentence uses the Past Simple tense to describe completed actions in the past. It also features a compound predicate where two verbs ('captured' and 'launched') share the same subject ('Zoo Quest').
中文： 本句使用一般过去时（Past Simple）来描述过去已完成的动作。此外，这是一个复合谓语结构，两个动词（captured 和 launched）共享同一个主语（Zoo Quest）。
The movie touched the audience's hearts and won several awards.
这部电影打动了观众的心，并赢得了多个奖项。
EN： The phrase 'capture someone's imagination' is an idiomatic collocation meaning to interest someone very much and make them think of new possibilities.
中文： 短语「capture someone's imagination」是一个惯用搭配，意思是「引起某人的兴趣或激发某人的想象力」。
The new space mission has captured the public's imagination.
这项新的太空任务激发了公众的想象力。
EN： 'Zoo Quest' (1954–1963) was a landmark series for the BBC. At a time when nature documentaries were often filmed in studios with captive animals, this program was revolutionary because it showed animals in the wild, changing how the British public perceived the natural world.
中文： 《動物園探奇》（1954-1963）是 BBC 的里程碑式系列節目。在當時，自然紀錄片通常是在攝影棚內拍攝圈養動物，而這個節目因展示野外動物而具有革命性，改變了英國公眾對自然世界的認知。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 对某事感到极度感兴趣或着迷
在本文中： 基础；为未来发展提供支持的根本
在本文中： 实习生；正在接受工作培训的人
在本文中： 媒介；传播信息的方法或工具
在本文中： 栖息地；动植物自然生长的地方
在本文中： 广播；播送（节目）
在本文中： 开创性的；先驱的
在本文中： 偏远的；远离人群的
在本文中： 异国风情的；奇特的
在本文中： 探险；考察旅行
在本文中： 想象力
在本文中： 开启；使（事业等）开始发展
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
The world of nature, including plants, animals, and landscapes, as opposed to the human-made world.
自然界
To interest or excite someone very much.
引起（公众）的兴趣或想象
At a particular moment in the past.
在当时
To result in or cause something to happen.
导致；引起
A specific channel or system of communication, information, or entertainment.
媒介、媒体
A person learning the professional role of overseeing the production of a television show or film.
见习制作人
A specific segment of content intended for broadcast on television.
电视节目
To start a professional path or career with great success or momentum.
开启、展开（职业生涯）