Steve Jobs: Think Different史蒂夫·乔布斯：非同凡想
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EN： Present Participle Phrase (Reduced Relative Clause): The word 'aiming' starts a participle phrase that functions as an adverbial modifier, explaining the purpose or simultaneous action of the subject (Steve). It is a shortened form of 'and he aimed' or 'while he was aiming'.
中文： 现在分词短语（简化关系从句）：'aiming' 引导的分词短语作为状语修饰语，解释主语（史蒂夫）的目的或同时进行的动作。这是 'and he aimed' 或 'while he was aiming' 的简化形式。
She walked out of the room, slamming the door behind her.
她走出房间，砰的一声关上了门。
EN： Past Simple Tense: Used to describe completed actions in the past. 'Founded' is the past tense of 'found' (to establish), indicating a specific historical event.
中文： 一般过去时：用于描述过去已完成的动作。'Founded' 是 'found'（创立）的过去式，表示一个特定的历史事件。
The company was founded in 1976.
这家公司成立于 1976 年。
EN： NeXT Computer was the company Steve Jobs started after being forced out of Apple in 1985. Although it wasn't a huge commercial success, its operating system (NeXTSTEP) became the foundation for macOS after Apple acquired NeXT in 1997.
中文： NeXT Computer 是史蒂夫·賈伯斯在 1985 年被趕出蘋果公司後創立的公司。雖然它在商業上並未取得巨大成功，但其作業系統 (NeXTSTEP) 在 1997 年蘋果收購 NeXT 後，成為了 macOS 的基礎。
EN： The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase ('seeing its potential') to provide additional information or express a reason/result. It functions as an adverbial clause reduced from 'because he saw its potential'.
中文： 本句使用了现在分词短语（seeing its potential）来提供补充信息或表达原因/结果。这是一种分词构句，由状语从句（例如 because he saw...）简化而来。
She walked out of the room, closing the door quietly.
她走出房间，轻轻地关上了门。
EN： The Past Participle Phrase 'called Pixar' acts as an adjective (reduced relative clause) modifying the noun 'studio'. It is short for 'which was called Pixar'.
中文： 过去分词短语「called Pixar」作为形容词使用（简化自关系从句），用来修饰名词「studio」。它是「which was called Pixar」的缩写。
I live in a city called Taipei.
我住在一个名为台北的城市。
EN： Pixar was originally a hardware group within Lucasfilm before Steve Jobs bought it. This sentence highlights Jobs' famous 'vision'—the ability to see the future value of technology and art before others did.
中文： 皮克斯最初是盧卡斯影業旗下的一個硬體部門，後來才被賈伯斯買下。這句話強調了賈伯斯著名的「遠見」——即在他人察覺之前，就能預見技術與藝術未來價值的潛力。
EN： The conjunction 'While' is used here to introduce a contrast between two simultaneous actions or situations, often highlighting a difference in their progress or success.
中文： 连接词「While」在此处用于引导两个同时发生的动作或情况之间的对比，通常用来强调它们在进展或成功程度上的差异。
While the city is busy during the day, it becomes very peaceful at night.
虽然这座城市在白天很繁忙，但到了晚上就变得非常宁静。
EN： The idiom 'gain traction' means to start to succeed or become popular. It is commonly used in business contexts to describe a product or idea that is beginning to be accepted by the public.
中文： 习语「gain traction」字面意思是获得抓地力，引申为开始取得进展、获得认可或变得流行。在商业语境中常用来描述产品或概念开始被大众接受。
The new marketing campaign is finally starting to gain traction.
新的营销活动终于开始见效了。
EN： This sentence highlights a pivotal moment in tech history. NeXT was Steve Jobs' ambitious computer company that failed commercially, but its software became the foundation for macOS. Meanwhile, Pixar, which Jobs also owned, revolutionized the film industry. The contrast shows how failure in one area can coexist with massive success in another.
中文： 這句話強調了科技史上的關鍵時刻。NeXT 是賈伯斯創立的雄心勃勃的電腦公司，雖然在商業上失敗了，但其軟體後來成為 macOS 的基礎。與此同時，賈伯斯擁有的 Pixar 則徹底改變了電影產業。這種對比展示了一個領域的失敗如何與另一個領域的巨大成功並存。
EN： Appositive: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename or describe it. Here, 'the world's first fully computer-animated feature film' describes 'Toy Story'.
中文： 同位语：紧跟在另一个名词后面的名词或名词短语，用于重新命名或补充说明该名词。在此句中，「the world's first fully computer-animated feature film」是用来描述「Toy Story」。
My brother, a talented chef, opened a new restaurant.
我的哥哥，一位有才华的厨师，开了一家新餐厅。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (Reduced Relative Clause): The word 'marking' starts a participial phrase that describes the result of the previous action or provides additional information about the entire preceding clause.
中文： 现在分词短语（简化关系从句）：单词「marking」引导一个分词短语，用来描述前述动作产生的结果，或对整个前句提供补充信息。
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing a flood in the city.
大雨持续了数小时，导致城市淹水。
EN： Toy Story (1995) was a landmark in cinema history as it moved the industry away from traditional hand-drawn animation toward CGI (Computer-Generated Imagery), establishing Pixar as a dominant force in storytelling.
中文： 1995 年的《玩具總動員》是電影史上的里程碑，它將動畫產業從傳統的手繪動畫轉向 CGI（電腦成像）技術，並確立了皮克斯在說故事領域的領導地位。
EN： The use of the Past Simple tense with specific time markers (In 1997) to describe completed states and actions in the past.
中文： 使用一般过去时搭配特定的时间标记（In 1997），用来描述过去已经完成的状态或动作。
In 2010, the company launched its first tablet.
2010 年，该公司推出了第一款平板电脑。
EN： Adverbs of degree (nearly, desperately) are used to modify adjectives (bankrupt) and verbs (needed) to emphasize the intensity of the situation.
中文： 程度副词（nearly, desperately）用于修饰形容词（bankrupt）和动词（needed），以强调情况的强烈程度。
He was nearly exhausted after the long meeting.
长会结束后，他几乎筋疲力尽。
EN： The year 1997 is a pivotal moment in tech history. Apple was only weeks away from total bankruptcy before Microsoft invested $150 million and Steve Jobs returned, marking one of the greatest corporate turnarounds in history.
中文： 1997 年是科技史上的關鍵時刻。當時蘋果距離完全破產僅剩幾週時間，直到微軟投資了 1.5 億美元且史蒂夫·賈伯斯回歸，這標誌著歷史上最偉大的企業轉機之一。
EN： The Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past. Here, 'had earned' happened before 'returned'.
中文： 过去完成时 (had + 过去分词) 用于描述在过去某个动作之前就已经完成的动作。在此句中，「赢回职位」发生在「回归」之前。
She had finished the report before the meeting started.
在会议开始之前，她就已经完成了报告。
EN： Apposition (Appositive) is a noun or noun phrase that renames or provides more information about another noun right next to it. 'A position...' explains what 'CEO' represents.
中文： 同位语 (Appositive) 是一个名词或名词短语，用来重新命名或提供紧邻其旁的名词的更多信息。这里的「a position...」解释了「CEO」所代表的意义。
Mr. Brown, my favorite teacher, is retiring next year.
布朗先生，我最喜欢的老师，明年就要退休了。
EN： Steve Jobs was famously ousted from Apple in 1985. His return in 1997 is considered one of the most significant corporate comebacks in history, as he transformed Apple from near-bankruptcy to the world's most valuable company.
中文： 史蒂夫·賈伯斯曾於 1985 年被蘋果公司解雇。他在 1997 年的回歸被認為是歷史上最重大的企業反攻案例之一，因為他將蘋果從瀕臨破產轉變為全球市值最高的公司。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): Used here as a reduced relative clause or a supplementary action, providing more detail about the main action (simplified). It functions as an adverbial modifier describing how or in what manner the subject performed the main verb.
中文： 现在分词短语 (V-ing)：此处用作简化从句或补充说明，提供关于主句动作（简化）的更多细节。它作为副词修饰语，描述主语执行主动词的方式或状态。
She walked out of the room, smiling at everyone.
她走出房间，对着每个人微笑。
EN： Past Simple Tense: Used to describe completed actions in the past. The verb 'simplified' is the regular past form of 'simplify'.
中文： 一般过去时：用于描述过去已完成的动作。动词 'simplified' 是 'simplify' 的规则过去式变化。
The company launched its first product in 1984.
这家公司在 1984 年推出了首款产品。
EN： This sentence refers to a pivotal moment in business history when Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997. He famously cut the product grid from dozens of items to just four, embodying the philosophy of 'Less is More' which became Apple's hallmark.
中文： 這句話指的是商業史上的一個關鍵時刻。1997 年史蒂夫·賈伯斯重返蘋果時，他著名地將產品線從數十項削減至僅剩四項，體現了「少即是多」的哲學，這也成為了蘋果的標誌性特徵。
EN： The use of the V-ing form (marking) after a comma is a 'Present Participle Phrase' used to show a result or a simultaneous action. It functions as a reduced relative clause, effectively meaning 'which marked'.
中文： 在逗号后使用 V-ing 形式（marking）是「现在分词短语」，用于表示结果或同时发生的动作。它起到了简化关系从句的作用，实际意义等同于「which marked」。
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing severe flooding in the city.
大雨持续了数小时，导致城市严重淹水。
EN： The verb 'save' is often used with the preposition 'from' to indicate the danger or negative state that was avoided (save someone/something from + noun).
中文： 动词「save」经常与介词「from」连用，用来表示所避开的危险或负面状态（save someone/something from + 名词）。
The new law saved the forest from destruction.
这项新法律使森林免于遭受破坏。
EN： The iMac G3, released in 1998, was a cultural icon known for its translucent, candy-colored design. It is often cited in business history as the product that saved Apple from bankruptcy and redefined the personal computer as a consumer lifestyle product rather than just a gray office tool.
中文： 1998 年發布的 iMac G3 是一個文化標誌，以其半透明、糖果色的設計聞名。在商業史上，它經常被引用為將蘋果公司從破產邊緣救回的產品，並將個人電腦重新定義為消費者的生活風格產品，而不僅僅是灰色的辦公工具。
EN： The sentence uses a 'Participle Phrase' (changing...) as an absolute construction or a supplementary modifier. Here, 'each one' acts as the logical subject for the present participle 'changing', describing the result or additional information about the preceding clause.
中文： 本句使用了「分词短语」（changing...）作为补充说明。这里的「each one」是现在分词「changing」的逻辑主语，用来描述前述主要从句所产生的结果或额外信息。
The company released three new apps, each one targeting a different age group.
公司发布了两款新的应用程序，每一款都针对不同的年龄层。
EN： The Oxford Comma is used before the conjunction 'and' in a list of three or more items (iPod, iPhone, and iPad) to ensure clarity and separate the items distinctly.
中文： 牛津逗号（Oxford Comma）用于三个或更多项目的列表（iPod, iPhone, and iPad）中连词「and」之前，以确保语义清晰并清楚区分各个项目。
She bought apples, oranges, and bananas at the market.
她在市场买了苹果、橘子和香蕉。
EN： The mention of iPod, iPhone, and iPad refers to the 'Holy Trinity' of Apple's consumer electronics that revolutionized music, telecommunications, and mobile computing respectively. The lowercase 'i' prefix became a cultural symbol of the early 21st-century digital era.
中文： 提到 iPod、iPhone 和 iPad 是指蘋果公司在消費電子領域的「三位一體」，它們分別徹底改變了音樂、電信和行動運算。小寫字母「i」的前綴已成為 21 世紀初數位時代的文化象徵。
EN： The correlative conjunction 'both... and...' is used to emphasize that two qualities or items are equally true or applicable to the subject.
中文： 并列连词 'both... and...' 用于强调两个特质或项目对主体而言同样成立，意为「既...又...」。
The hotel was both affordable and comfortable.
这家酒店既实惠又舒适。
EN： The sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'believed'. In English, the conjunction 'that' is often omitted in informal or narrative contexts.
中文： 本句使用了「that 从句」作为名词从句，充当动词 'believed' 的直接宾语。在英语叙述中，连接词 'that' 经常被省略。
I believe (that) we can win the game.
我相信我们能赢得比赛。
EN： This sentence reflects Steve Jobs' core philosophy of 'Human-Centered Design,' which revolutionized the tech industry by prioritizing aesthetics and user experience over raw technical specifications.
中文： 這句話反映了賈伯斯「以人為本」的設計核心哲學。他優先考慮美學與使用者體驗，而非單純的技術規格，這徹底改變了科技產業。
EN： The sentence uses the Past Simple tense ('redefined', 'interacted') to describe completed actions in the past that have a lasting impact on history.
中文： 句子使用了一般过去时（redefined, interacted），用来描述过去已经完成且对历史产生深远影响的动作。
The invention of the internet changed how we share information.
互联网的发明改变了我们分享信息的方式。
EN： The phrase 'the way (that) people interacted' uses a relative clause to modify the noun 'way'. In English, 'that' or 'in which' is often omitted after 'the way'.
中文： 短语 'the way (that) people interacted' 使用关系从句来修饰名词 'way'（方式）。在英语中，'the way' 之后常省略关系代词 'that' 或 'in which'。
I like the way she teaches English.
我喜欢她教英语的方式。
EN： The term 'user interface' (UI) became a household name largely due to Apple's focus on making complex computers accessible to non-technical people through visual design.
中文： 「使用者介面」(UI) 這一術語之所以變得家喻戶曉，很大程度上歸功於蘋果公司致力於透過視覺設計，讓非技術人員也能輕鬆使用複雜的電腦。
EN： The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase ('inspiring...') as a result or extension of the main clause. This is a reduced relative clause or a participial construction that describes the effect of the preceding action.
中文： 本句使用了现在分词短语（inspiring...）作为主要从句的结果或延伸。这是一种简化的关系从句或分词结构，用来描述前述动作所产生的影响或结果。
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing severe flooding in the city.
大雨持续了数小时，导致城市严重淹水。
EN： The verb 'pursue' is used in the infinitive form 'to pursue' following the object 'generations'. The structure 'inspire someone to do something' is a common transitive verb pattern.
中文： 动词 'pursue' 以不定式形式 'to pursue' 接在宾语 'generations' 之后。'inspire someone to do something'（激励某人去做某事）是常见的及物动词句型。
Her teacher inspired her to study medicine.
她的老师激励她去攻读医学。
EN： The phrase 'Stay hungry, stay foolish' was originally from the 'Whole Earth Catalog' and was popularized by Steve Jobs during his 2005 Stanford commencement speech. It encourages people to never be satisfied with what they know and to be willing to take risks that others might find 'foolish'.
中文： 「Stay hungry, stay foolish」這句話最初出自《全球概覽》（Whole Earth Catalog），因史蒂夫·賈伯斯在 2005 年史丹佛大學畢業典禮演講中引用而聞名。它鼓勵人們永不滿足於現狀，並勇於承擔他人可能認為「愚蠢」的風險。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the subject receives the action. In this sentence, 'was diagnosed' indicates that a doctor performed the diagnosis on Steve.
中文： 被动语态 (be 动词 + 过去分词)：用于主语是动作的接受者时。在本句中，「was diagnosed」表示医生对史蒂夫进行了诊断。
The patient was treated by a specialist.
这位病人由一位专科医生进行治疗。
EN： Gerunds after 'continue': The verb 'continue' can be followed by a gerund (V-ing) to indicate that an action persists or resumes.
中文： continue 后接动名词：动词「continue」后面可以接动名词 (V-ing)，用来表示某个动作持续进行或恢复进行。
Despite the rain, they continued playing football.
尽管下着雨，他们仍继续踢足球。
EN： Steve Jobs' battle with pancreatic cancer was highly publicized. His decision to continue leading Apple during his illness is often cited as a testament to his passion and dedication to his work.
中文： 史蒂夫·賈伯斯與胰臟癌的抗爭廣為人知。他在患病期間決定繼續領導蘋果公司，這常被視為他對工作充滿熱情與奉獻精神的證明。
EN： The preposition 'about' is followed by gerunds (verb + -ing) when describing the content or topic of a speech or book. Here, 'connecting' and 'following' act as nouns representing actions.
中文： 介词 'about' 后方接动名词 (V-ing) 用来描述演讲或书籍的主题内容。在此处，'connecting' 与 'following' 作为名词使用，代表特定的行为。
She wrote a book about traveling the world on a budget.
她写了一本关于如何以低预算环游世界的书。
EN： The phrase 'connecting the dots' is an idiomatic expression meaning to find a logical link between separate ideas or events, often looking back at past experiences.
中文： 短语 'connecting the dots' 是一个习语，意指在看似独立的想法或事件之间找到逻辑联系，通常用于回顾过去的经验。
It was only years later that I started connecting the dots of my career path.
直到多年后，我才开始将我职业生涯的点点滴滴联系起来。
EN： This refers to Steve Jobs' 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech, which is one of the most famous graduation speeches in history. The concept of 'connecting the dots' emphasizes that you can't connect them looking forward; you can only connect them looking backward, trusting that things will make sense in the future.
中文： 這指的是史蒂夫·賈伯斯 2005 年在史丹佛大學的畢業演講，這是歷史上最著名的畢業演講之一。「連結點滴」的概念強調你無法預先串連人生的經歷，只有在多年後回首時，才會發現這些點滴是如何交織在一起並產生意義。
EN： The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase ('leaving behind...') as a result or simultaneous action. This structure reduces a clause (and he left behind...) to a participle to show that the second action is a direct consequence of the first.
中文： 本句使用了现在分词短语（leaving behind...）来表示结果或同时发生的动作。这种结构将从句（and he left behind...）简化为分词，用以表示第二个动作是第一个动作的直接后果。
The storm hit the coast, causing widespread power outages.
风暴袭击了海岸，造成了广泛的停电。
EN： The phrasal verb 'pass away' is a euphemism for 'to die.' It is used to show respect and sensitivity when discussing someone's death.
中文： 短语动词 'pass away' 是 'die'（死亡）的委婉说法。在讨论某人的逝世时，使用此词以示尊重与体恤。
Her grandfather passed away peacefully in his sleep.
她的祖父在睡梦中安详地过世了。
EN： The term 'legacy' is often used in Western culture to describe the lasting impact or contribution a person makes to the world after their death, especially for public figures like Steve Jobs.
中文： 「Legacy」（遺產/傳承）一詞在西方文化中常用於描述一個人在去世後對世界產生的持久影響或貢獻，特別是用於像史蒂夫·賈伯斯這樣的公眾人物。
EN： The present participle phrase (making him...) is used as a result clause. It functions as an adverbial modifier that describes the consequence or result of the entire preceding main clause.
中文： 现在分词短语（making him...）被用作结果从句。它的功能是副词修饰语，用来描述前面整个主句所产生的结果或后果。
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing a massive flood in the city.
大雨持续了数小时，导致城市发生大洪水。
EN： The verb 'continue' can be followed by a 'to-infinitive' (to shape) or a 'gerund' (shaping) with very little difference in meaning, indicating an action that persists over time.
中文： 动词 'continue' 后面可以接「不定式」(to shape) 或「动名词」(shaping)，两者意义差别不大，皆表示动作随时间持续进行。
Despite the challenges, she continued to pursue her career in music.
尽管面临挑战，她仍继续追求她的音乐事业。
EN： The term 'visionary' is frequently used in Silicon Valley culture to describe leaders like Steve Jobs who didn't just improve existing products but imagined entirely new categories of technology that changed human behavior.
中文： 「Visionary」（遠見者）一詞在矽谷文化中常用來形容像賈伯斯這樣的領導者。他們不僅是改進現有產品，而是構想出全新的技術類別，進而改變了人類的行為模式。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 革命性的，产生重大变革的
在本文中： （观点、产品等）受欢迎的程度，拉动力
在本文中： 突破，重大进展
在本文中： 破产的
在本文中： 创新，革新
在本文中： （局面）好转，转机
在本文中： 重新定义
在本文中： 座右铭，格言
在本文中： 非凡的，卓越的
在本文中： 有远见的人，远见卓识者
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To begin to have success or acceptance.
取得进展，开始受到欢迎
A polite way to say someone has died.
去世，过世
To understand how different ideas or events are related.
将点滴串联起来，领悟其中的关联
To never be satisfied with your achievements and always want to do more.
求知若渴，永不满足于现状
A full-length movie intended for theatrical release, usually lasting 75 minutes or more.
故事片；长片
A group of related products manufactured by a single company.
产品线
The visual and interactive elements of a software application or hardware device.
用户界面