EN: Parallel Structure with Adjectives: When listing multiple items or qualities, they should share the same grammatical form. Here, three adjectives ('curious', 'open', and 'kind') are linked by a comma and the coordinating conjunction 'and' to describe the subject.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur Selari dengan Kata Adjektif: Apabila menyenaraikan beberapa item atau ciri, ia harus berkongsi struktur tatabahasa yang sama. Di sini, tiga kata adjektif ("curious", "open", dan "kind") disambungkan dengan koma dan kata hubung berpasangan "and", digunakan untuk menerangkan subjek.
The new teacher is energetic, patient, and creative.
Guru baharu ini bertenaga, sabar, dan kreatif.
EN: Direct Speech with Reporting Verb Inversion: In written English, when a direct quote comes first, the reporting verb ('says') can be placed before the subject ('Hana') for stylistic emphasis, especially in narrative or journalistic writing.
Bahasa Melayu: Petikan Langsung dengan Pembalikan Kata Kerja Pelapor: Dalam bahasa Inggeris bertulis, apabila petikan langsung diletakkan di awal ayat, kata kerja pelapor (seperti "says") boleh diletakkan sebelum subjek (seperti "Hana") untuk mencapai penekanan retorik, yang amat biasa dalam penulisan naratif atau kewartawanan.
"We need to leave now," says John.
"Kita mesti pergi sekarang," kata John.
EN: The concept of a 'global citizen' (世界公民) has become increasingly popular in international education and social discourse. It emphasizes that an individual's identity transcends geographical or political borders, and that people have rights and responsibilities as members of the global community. The traits mentioned—curiosity, openness, and kindness—are considered core values of this mindset.
EN: The modal verb 'must' is used to express strong obligation or necessity. It is followed by the base form of the verb (bare infinitive) without 'to'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja modal 'must' digunakan untuk menyatakan kewajipan atau keperluan yang kuat. Ia diikuti oleh kata kerja dasar (infinitif tanpa 'to').
We must protect our environment for future generations.
Kita mesti melindungi alam sekitar kita untuk generasi akan datang.
EN: Parallel structure (or parallelism) involves using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. Here, three infinitive phrases ('to listen, to share, and to care') are joined in a parallel list.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (atau paralelisme) melibatkan penggunaan corak perkataan yang sama untuk menunjukkan bahawa dua atau lebih idea mempunyai kepentingan yang sama. Di sini, tiga frasa infinitif (to listen, to share, and to care) digabungkan dalam senarai selari.
She loves to swim, to run, and to cycle.
Dia suka berenang, berlari, dan berbasikal.
EN: In English narrative writing, when quoting dialogue, the reporting verb ('says', 'said') often precedes the subject ('Sarah') when the subject is a proper noun. This is a stylistic choice that sounds natural and literary.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'both... and...' is used to join two parallel grammatical elements (nouns, adjectives, verbs, etc.), emphasizing that both elements are included or true.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung berpasangan "both... and..." (kedua-duanya...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua elemen tatabahasa selari yang setara (seperti kata nama, kata adjektif, kata kerja, dll.), untuk menekankan bahawa kedua-duanya termasuk atau kedua-duanya adalah benar.
To solve this problem, we need both time and effort.
Untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini, kita memerlukan masa dan usaha.
EN: In direct speech, when the reporting verb (e.g., 'says') comes after the quoted sentence, subject-verb inversion can occur (e.g., 'says Emma'). However, if the subject is a pronoun, inversion is not used (e.g., 'she says').
Bahasa Melayu: Dalam ucapan langsung, apabila kata kerja pelapor (seperti 'says') diletakkan selepas tanda petik, struktur songsang subjek-kata kerja sering digunakan (contohnya 'says Emma'). Walau bagaimanapun, jika subjek ialah kata ganti nama, ia biasanya tidak disongsangkan (contohnya 'she says').
"I am ready," says the teacher.
"Saya sudah bersedia," kata guru itu.
EN: In Western culture, 'an open mind' is highly valued as a key component of critical thinking and respectful communication. It implies a willingness to listen to new ideas and perspectives without immediate judgment, which is essential for global citizenship.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'either... or...' is used to present two choices or alternatives. It connects words, phrases, or clauses of equal grammatical rank (parallel structure). In this sentence, it connects two verb phrases: 'build walls' and 'open doors'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung berpasangan "either... or..." (bukan... mahupun... / sama ada... atau...) digunakan untuk menyatakan pilihan antara dua perkara. Perkataan, frasa, atau klausa yang disambungkannya mestilah setara dari segi struktur tatabahasa (struktur selari). Dalam ayat ini, ia menghubungkan dua frasa kerja: "build walls" (membina tembok) dan "open doors" (membuka pintu).
You can either have tea or coffee.
Kamu sama ada minum teh, atau minum kopi.
EN: In direct speech, when the reporting verb (like 'says') comes after the quoted speech, the subject and verb can be inverted (e.g., 'says Ryan' or 'Ryan says'). This is a common stylistic choice in written English storytelling.
Bahasa Melayu: Dalam petikan langsung, apabila kata kerja pelapor (seperti "says") diletakkan selepas petikan, subjek dan kata kerja boleh diterbalikkan (contohnya "says Ryan" atau "Ryan says"). Ini ialah pilihan retorik yang biasa dalam penceritaan bahasa Inggeris bertulis.
"I am ready," says John.
"Saya sudah bersedia," kata John.
EN: The metaphor of 'building walls' versus 'opening doors' (or 'building bridges') is a common cultural idiom in English. 'Building walls' represents isolationism, division, and exclusion, while 'opening doors' represents hospitality, opportunity, and connection with others.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'not only... but also...' is used to connect and emphasize two related pieces of information. When connecting two subjects, the verb must agree with the subject closest to it (the second subject). Here, 'empathy' is a singular noun, so the verb 'matters' is singular.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung berpasangan "not only... but also..." (bukan sahaja... tetapi juga...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dan menekankan dua maklumat yang berkaitan. Apabila ia menghubungkan dua subjek, kata kerja tunggal atau jamak mesti bersetuju dengan subjek yang paling dekat dengannya (iaitu subjek kedua). Dalam ayat ini, "empathy" (empati) ialah kata nama tunggal, oleh itu kata kerja tunggal "matters" digunakan.
Not only the teacher but also the students are excited about the field trip.
Bukan sahaja guru, tetapi pelajar-pelajar juga berasa teruja tentang lawatan pembelajaran luar ini.
EN: The reporting verb 'says' is placed before the subject 'Leo' in direct speech. This inversion ('says Leo' instead of 'Leo says') is a common stylistic choice in written English narrative when the quote comes first.
Bahasa Melayu: Dalam petikan langsung, kata kerja pelapor "says" diletakkan sebelum subjek "Leo" (Leo). Struktur pembalikan ini (menggunakan "says Leo" dan bukannya "Leo says") ialah pilihan retorik yang biasa dalam penulisan naratif bahasa Inggeris apabila petikan diletakkan di hadapan.
"I will arrive tomorrow," says Mary.
"Saya akan tiba esok," kata Mary.
EN: Parallel Structure in Lists: When listing items in a sentence, they should share the same grammatical form. In this sentence, 'honesty', 'courage', and 'fairness' are all abstract nouns, which creates a balanced and professional tone.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur Selari (Parallel Structure): Apabila menyenaraikan beberapa item dalam ayat, item-item tersebut harus menggunakan struktur tatabahasa yang sama. Dalam ayat ini, "honesty" (kejujuran), "courage" (keberanian), dan "fairness" (keadilan) semuanya ialah kata nama abstrak, yang menjadikan struktur ayat seimbang dan nada profesional.
She loves reading, swimming, and hiking.
Dia suka membaca, berenang, dan mendaki. (Semuanya menggunakan bentuk gerund)
EN: Reporting Verbs with Direct Speech: When reporting what someone said, the reporting verb (e.g., 'says') and the speaker (e.g., 'Hana') can be placed after the direct quote. In written English, a comma is placed inside the closing quotation mark to separate the quote from the reporting clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Petikan Langsung dengan Kata Kerja Pelapor: Apabila melaporkan kata-kata seseorang, kata kerja pelapor (seperti says) dan penutur (seperti Hana) boleh diletakkan selepas petikan langsung. Dalam bahasa Inggeris bertulis, koma mesti diletakkan di dalam tanda petik untuk memisahkan petikan daripada klausa pelapor.
"I will arrive tomorrow," says John.
"Saya akan tiba esok," kata John.
EN: In global citizenship education, values like honesty, courage, and fairness are considered universal virtues. Expressing personal values clearly and respectfully is a key communication skill in multicultural environments.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'neither... nor...' is used to join two negative ideas or subjects. When connecting two subjects, the verb agrees with the subject closer to it (the second subject).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung berpasangan "neither... nor..." (tidak... mahupun...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua idea atau subjek negatif. Apabila menghubungkan dua subjek, kata kerja tunggal atau jamak mesti bersetuju dengan subjek yang lebih dekat (iaitu subjek kedua).
Neither the teacher nor the students were able to solve the puzzle.
Guru mahupun pelajar-pelajar tidak dapat menyelesaikan teka-teki itu.
EN: The modal verb 'should' is used to express obligation, duty, or correctness. In this sentence, it indicates that dividing us is not the right or desirable course of action.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja modal "should" (sepatutnya) digunakan untuk menyatakan kewajipan, tanggungjawab, atau ketepatan. Dalam ayat ini, ia menunjukkan bahawa memecahbelahkan kita bukanlah perkara yang betul atau diingini.
We should respect different opinions in a discussion.
Kita harus menghormati pendapat yang berbeza dalam perbincangan kita.
EN: In English literature and rhetoric, the inversion of the reporting verb (e.g., 'says Sarah' instead of 'Sarah says') is a common stylistic device used in storytelling and dialogue to keep the focus on the spoken words rather than the speaker.
EN: The preposition 'by' is used to indicate the method or means of achieving something, and it must be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) or a noun.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi nama "by" digunakan untuk menunjukkan "cara" atau "kaedah" untuk mencapai sesuatu, dan mesti diikuti dengan gerund (V-ing) atau kata nama.
You can improve your English by practicing every day.
Anda boleh meningkatkan bahasa Inggeris anda dengan berlatih setiap hari.
EN: Parallel structure (parallelism) requires that items in a series or list use the same grammatical form. Here, three gerunds ('reading', 'traveling', and 'listening') are linked by the coordinating conjunction 'and'.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (paralelisme) memerlukan item dalam siri atau senarai menggunakan bentuk tatabahasa yang sama. Di sini, tiga gerund (reading, traveling, dan listening) disambungkan oleh kata hubung berpasangan "and".
EN: The phrasal verb 'speak up' means to express one's opinions frankly and publicly, especially in support of something or to protest against something. It is an intransitive phrasal verb, meaning it does not require a direct object.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kerja "speak up" bermaksud menyatakan pendapat secara terus terang dan terbuka, terutamanya untuk menunjukkan sokongan atau bantahan. Ini ialah frasa kerja tak transitif, bermakna ia tidak memerlukan objek langsung selepasnya.
If you see injustice, you should speak up.
Jika kamu melihat ketidakadilan, kamu patut bersuara dengan berani.
EN: The verb 'lift' is used metaphorically here to mean 'lift others up'—to encourage, support, or improve the moral or social condition of other people. It is a transitive verb requiring an object ('others').
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "lift" di sini digunakan secara metafora untuk bermaksud "mengangkat orang lain"—iaitu menggalakkan, menyokong, atau memperbaiki semangat atau keadaan sosial orang lain. Ini ialah kata kerja transitif, yang memerlukan objek ("others").
A true leader strives to lift those around them.
Seorang pemimpin sejati akan berusaha untuk mengangkat orang-orang di sekelilingnya.
EN: The phrase 'lifts others' reflects a core value in democratic and civic education in English-speaking societies, emphasizing that a good citizen's role is not just to follow laws, but to actively support, encourage, and empower marginalized or struggling members of the community.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'both... and...' is used to join two grammatical elements of equal importance (nouns, adjectives, verbs, etc.). When connecting two subjects, the verb must be plural.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung berpasangan "both... and..." (kedua-duanya...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua elemen yang sama penting dan mempunyai struktur tatabahasa yang sama (seperti kata nama, kata adjektif, kata kerja, dll.). Apabila ia menghubungkan dua subjek, kata kerja selepasnya mesti menggunakan bentuk jamak.
Both the teacher and the students were excited about the field trip.
Guru dan para pelajar kedua-duanya berasa teruja dengan lawatan pembelajaran luar ini.
EN: In direct speech quotes, when the reporting verb (like 'says') comes after the quote, the subject and verb can be inverted (e.g., 'says Leo' or 'Leo says'). If the subject is a pronoun, inversion is not used (e.g., 'he says').
Bahasa Melayu: Dalam petikan langsung, apabila kata kerja pelapor (seperti says) berada selepas tanda petik, subjek dan kata kerja boleh diterbalikkan (contohnya "says Leo" atau "Leo says"). Tetapi jika subjek ialah kata ganti nama, pembalikan tidak digunakan (contohnya "he says").
"I am ready," says Mary.
"Saya sudah bersedia," kata Mary.
EN: The concept of 'local roots and global views' reflects the modern ideal of 'glocalization' (think globally, act locally). It emphasizes that being a global citizen does not mean abandoning one's native culture or heritage, but rather using one's local identity as a foundation to understand and respect the wider world.
EN: The infinitive phrase 'to + verb' can function as a noun. In the structure 'To do X is to do Y', both the subject and the subject complement are infinitives, creating a balanced sentence that defines one action in terms of another.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa infinitif (to + kata kerja) boleh berfungsi sebagai kata nama. Dalam struktur "To do X is to do Y" (melakukan X ialah melakukan Y), subjek dan pelengkap subjek kedua-duanya ialah infinitif, membentuk ayat yang simetri dan seimbang, digunakan untuk mentakrifkan satu tindakan dengan tindakan yang lain.
To live is to learn.
Hidup ialah belajar.
EN: The reciprocal pronoun 'each other' is used to indicate that two or more people carry out an action that mutually affects one another.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata ganti nama timbal balik "each other" (satu sama lain) digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahawa dua atau lebih orang melakukan tindakan yang saling mempengaruhi antara satu sama lain.
We need to support each other during difficult times.
Pada masa sukar, kita perlu saling menyokong antara satu sama lain.
EN: This quote reflects the core philosophy of global citizenship, emphasizing that global empathy and local/interpersonal care are deeply interconnected. Caring for the macro-world begins with how we treat individuals in our immediate environment.
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give commands, advice, or instructions. They begin with the base form of the verb (bare infinitive) and the subject 'you' is implied but omitted.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat perintah digunakan untuk memberi arahan, nasihat atau petunjuk. Ia bermula dengan bentuk dasar kata kerja (infinitif tanpa 'to'), dan subjek 'you' (anda/kamu) digugurkan.
Speak clearly and listen carefully.
Bercakap dengan jelas dan mendengar dengan teliti.
EN: Parallel structure (parallelism) involves using the same grammatical pattern to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. Here, three imperative phrases are joined in a parallel series: [Verb + Adverb], [Verb + Adverb], and [Verb + Adverb].
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (paralelisme) melibatkan penggunaan corak tatabahasa yang sama untuk menunjukkan bahawa dua atau lebih idea mempunyai kepentingan struktur yang sama. Di sini, tiga frasa perintah dihubungkan dalam urutan selari: [kata kerja + kata adverba], [kata kerja + kata adverba] dan [kata kerja + kata adverba].
Write neatly, read daily, and study hard.
Tulis dengan kemas, baca setiap hari, dan belajar dengan bersungguh-sungguh.
EN: This quote reflects the famous environmental and social slogan 'Think globally, act locally,' adapted here to emphasize personal virtues like kindness and simplicity in global citizenship.
EN: Gerunds (verb-ing) as Subjects and Objects: A gerund is a verb form ending in '-ing' that functions as a noun. In this sentence, 'Being a global citizen' acts as the subject of the verb 'means', and 'caring beyond our own borders' acts as the object of 'means'. This structure is commonly used to discuss abstract concepts or definitions.
Bahasa Melayu: Gerund (kata kerja-ing) sebagai Subjek dan Objek: Gerund ialah bentuk kata kerja yang berakhir dengan "-ing", yang berfungsi sebagai kata nama. Dalam ayat ini, "Being a global citizen" (menjadi warganegara global) berfungsi sebagai subjek kata kerja "means", manakala "caring beyond our own borders" (mengambil berat melangkaui sempadan kita sendiri) berfungsi sebagai objek "means". Struktur ini sering digunakan untuk membincangkan konsep abstrak atau definisi.
Learning a new language means opening a door to a new culture.
Mempelajari bahasa baharu bermaksud membuka pintu kepada budaya baharu.
EN: The preposition 'beyond' is used to indicate going past a physical or metaphorical limit. In this context, 'beyond our own borders' means extending one's concern and care outside of one's national or personal boundaries.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan kata sendi nama "beyond": Kata sendi nama "beyond" digunakan untuk menunjukkan melampaui sempadan fizikal, masa, atau abstrak. Dalam konteks ini, "beyond our own borders" bermaksud melanjutkan keprihatinan dan penjagaan melangkaui sempadan negara atau peribadi sendiri.
EN: The concept of a 'global citizen' (世界公民) has become increasingly popular in modern education and international relations. It encourages individuals to see themselves not just as members of a specific nation, but as part of an emerging world community. This perspective emphasizes empathy, sustainability, and shared responsibility for global issues like climate change and social justice.
EN: Parallel structure (also known as parallelism) is the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence. In this sentence, the linking verb 'is' is followed by three parallel adjective structures: 'curious' (adjective), 'fair' (adjective), and 'willing to learn' (adjectival phrase starting with a participle). This creates balance and flow.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur Selari (Parallel Structure) merujuk kepada pengulangan bentuk tatabahasa yang sama dalam ayat. Dalam ayat ini, kata kerja penghubung "is" diikuti oleh tiga struktur adjektif selari: "curious" (kata adjektif), "fair" (kata adjektif), dan "willing to learn" (frasa adjektif yang bermula dengan partisipel). Ini menjadikan struktur ayat seimbang dan lancar.
The new teacher is energetic, patient, and ready to help.
Guru baharu ini bertenaga, sabar, dan sentiasa bersedia untuk membantu.
EN: The adjective 'willing' is commonly followed by a to-infinitive ('to' + base verb) to express readiness or consent to do something. 'Willing to learn' means having a desire or being open to acquiring new knowledge.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata adjektif "willing" (bersedia) biasanya diikuti oleh infinitif (to + kata kerja dasar), untuk menyatakan kesediaan atau persetujuan untuk melakukan sesuatu. "Willing to learn" bermaksud mempunyai keinginan untuk belajar atau bersikap terbuka untuk memperoleh pengetahuan baharu.
She is always willing to share her experience with others.
Dia sentiasa bersedia untuk berkongsi pengalamannya dengan orang lain.
EN: In modern global citizenship education, the definition of a 'good citizen' has shifted from passive obedience (just following laws) to active engagement, which includes empathy, critical thinking, and lifelong learning ('willing to learn'). This quote by Hana reflects this progressive, inclusive view of civic duty.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'not only... but also...' is used to connect and emphasize two related pieces of information. The elements following both parts must be grammatically parallel (in this case, the noun phrases 'our own culture' and 'others').
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung korelatif "not only... but also..." (bukan sahaja... tetapi juga...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dan menekankan dua maklumat yang berkaitan. Unsur yang mengikuti kedua-dua bahagian mestilah setara dari segi struktur tatabahasa (dalam ayat ini, frasa nama "our own culture" dan "others").
She speaks not only English but also Spanish.
Dia bukan sahaja boleh berbahasa Inggeris, tetapi juga boleh berbahasa Sepanyol.
EN: The modal verb 'must' is used to express strong obligation or necessity. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'value').
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja modal "must" (mesti) digunakan untuk menyatakan kewajipan atau keperluan yang kuat. Ia mesti diikuti oleh kata kerja dasar (dalam ayat ini, "value").
We must protect the environment for future generations.
Kita mesti melindungi alam sekitar untuk generasi akan datang.
EN: In multicultural education and global citizenship discussions, emphasizing 'not only our own culture but also others' reflects a shift from ethnocentrism to cultural pluralism. It highlights the value of self-identity combined with openness to global diversity.
EN: The infinitive phrase 'To grow' is used at the beginning of the sentence to express purpose (meaning 'in order to grow'). It is followed by a comma when placed at the start of a clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa infinitif "To grow" diletakkan di awal ayat untuk menyatakan tujuan (bermaksud "untuk berkembang"). Apabila frasa infinitif diletakkan di awal ayat untuk menerangkan keseluruhan ayat, biasanya diikuti dengan koma untuk memisahkannya.
To succeed, we must work hard every day.
Untuk berjaya, kita mesti bekerja keras setiap hari.
EN: Parallel structure (parallelism) is used to connect three verbs and their modifying adverbs ('read widely, travel openly, and listen deeply') using the coordinating conjunction 'and' before the last item. This creates balance and rhythm.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (paralelisme) digunakan untuk menghubungkan tiga kata kerja dan kata keterangan penerangnya ("read widely, travel openly, and listen deeply"), dengan kata hubung berpasangan "and" sebelum item terakhir. Ini menjadikan struktur ayat seimbang dan berirama.
She speaks fluently, writes beautifully, and listens patiently.
Dia bercakap dengan lancar, menulis dengan indah, dan mendengar dengan sabar.
EN: The phrase 'travel openly' in the context of global citizenship refers not just to physical movement, but to a mindset of traveling with curiosity, empathy, and a lack of prejudice toward other cultures.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'both... and...' is used to join two grammatical elements of equal importance (in this case, the compound subjects 'knowledge' and 'kindness'). When joining subjects, it always takes a plural verb.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung berpasangan "both... and..." (kedua-duanya...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua elemen tatabahasa yang sama penting (dalam ayat ini, subjek majmuk "knowledge" dan "kindness"). Apabila menghubungkan subjek, kata kerja mesti menggunakan bentuk jamak.
Both Emily and Jack are attending the global summit.
Kedua-dua Emily dan Jack akan menghadiri sidang kemuncak global ini.
EN: The passive voice 'are needed' is used here to emphasize the actions or qualities required rather than the agent performing the action. It is formed with the auxiliary verb 'be' (are) + past participle (needed).
Bahasa Melayu: Suara pasif "are needed" (diperlukan) digunakan di sini untuk menekankan tindakan atau kualiti yang diperlukan, bukannya pihak yang melakukan tindakan. Strukturnya ialah kata kerja bantu "be" (are) + kata kerja lampau (needed).
More resources are needed to complete the project on time.
Lebih banyak sumber diperlukan untuk menyiapkan projek itu tepat pada masanya.
EN: The metaphor 'to bridge divides' is a common and powerful idiom in English-speaking cultures, especially in discussions about global citizenship, diplomacy, and community building. Instead of physical bridges, it refers to overcoming ideological, cultural, or social barriers to foster understanding.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'either... or...' is used to present two choices or alternatives. When connecting two independent clauses, a comma is often placed before 'or', though it can be omitted in shorter sentences.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung berpasangan "either... or..." (sama ada... atau...) digunakan untuk menyatakan dua pilihan atau alternatif. Apabila menghubungkan dua klausa bebas, koma biasanya boleh ditambah sebelum "or", tetapi ia juga boleh ditinggalkan dalam ayat yang lebih pendek.
Either we take action now, or we face the consequences later.
Kita sama ada bertindak sekarang, atau menanggung akibatnya kemudian.
EN: The causative verb 'let' is followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb in its base form without 'to') to mean 'allow' or 'permit'. In this sentence, 'let fear win' uses 'win' as the bare infinitive.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja kausatif "let" (biarkan/izinkan) diikuti oleh objek dan infinitif kosong (bentuk kata kerja tanpa "to"), bermaksud "membenarkan" atau "membiarkan". Dalam ayat ini, "win" dalam "let fear win" ialah infinitif kosong.
Don't let anger dictate your decisions.
Jangan biarkan kemarahan menguasai keputusanmu.
EN: This sentence reflects a common theme in global citizenship education: the active choice between empathy (building understanding) and division (letting fear win). It emphasizes personal agency in social and global relations.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'neither... nor...' is used to connect two negative alternatives (subjects, objects, or verbs). When connecting two subjects, the verb agrees with the closer subject (the one after 'nor').
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung korelatif "neither... nor..." (bukan... mahupun...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua pilihan negatif (boleh menjadi subjek, objek, atau kata kerja). Apabila menghubungkan dua subjek, bilangan kata kerja mesti bersetuju dengan subjek yang lebih dekat (iaitu subjek selepas 'nor').
Neither the teacher nor the students were able to solve the problem.
Guru mahupun pelajar tidak dapat menyelesaikan masalah ini.
EN: The modal verb 'should' is used to express obligation, duty, or expectation. In this context, it expresses a strong recommendation or moral expectation that distance and difference must not weaken human connection.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja modal "should" (sepatutnya) digunakan untuk menyatakan kewajipan, tanggungjawab, atau jangkaan. Dalam konteks ini, ia menyatakan cadangan yang kuat atau jangkaan moral bahawa jarak dan perbezaan tidak sepatutnya melemahkan hubungan antara manusia.
We should respect the opinions of others.
Kita sepatutnya menghormati pendapat orang lain.
EN: This sentence reflects the core philosophy of global citizenship, emphasizing that physical distance and cultural or individual differences should not prevent human solidarity and mutual empathy.
EN: Parallel Structure (Parallelism) is used to connect words, phrases, or clauses of equal grammatical rank. In this sentence, three present-tense verbs with third-person singular '-s' endings ('speaks up', 'helps out', and 'stays') are joined by a comma and the coordinating conjunction 'and' to describe the actions of 'a global citizen'.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (Paralelisme) digunakan untuk menghubungkan perkataan, frasa, atau klausa yang setara dari segi tatabahasa. Dalam ayat ini, tiga kata kerja kala kini mudah orang ketiga tunggal (speaks up, helps out dan stays) dihubungkan melalui koma dan kata hubung koordinat "and", yang bersama-sama menggambarkan ciri-ciri tingkah laku "warganegara global".
A good leader listens carefully, decides wisely, and acts quickly.
Seorang pemimpin yang baik akan mendengar dengan teliti, membuat keputusan dengan bijak, dan bertindak dengan pantas.
EN: Phrasal Verbs are idiomatic phrases consisting of a verb and another element, typically an adverb or a preposition. Here, 'speak up' means to express one's opinions frankly and publicly, and 'help out' means to assist or support someone, especially in a time of need.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja frasa (Phrasal Verbs) ialah ungkapan idiomatik yang terdiri daripada kata kerja dan unsur lain, biasanya kata adverba atau sendi nama. Di sini, "speak up" bermaksud menyuarakan pendapat dengan berani dan terbuka (berani bersuara), manakala "help out" bermaksud memberikan bantuan atau sokongan apabila seseorang memerlukannya (menghulurkan bantuan).
Please speak up if you have any questions, and we will help you out.
Jika anda mempunyai sebarang soalan, sila berani bersuara, dan kami akan membantu anda.
EN: The concept of a 'global citizen' is highly valued in modern international education. It emphasizes that individuals have rights and civic responsibilities to the world as a whole, rather than just to their local or national communities. The traits mentioned—speaking up for justice, helping others, and remaining humble—reflect core values of global citizenship education.
EN: The preposition 'by' is used to show the method or means of doing something, followed by a gerund (verb-ing). When listing multiple actions, parallel structure must be maintained by using the '-ing' form for all verbs in the list.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi nama "by" digunakan untuk menunjukkan cara atau kaedah melakukan sesuatu, diikuti dengan gerund (V-ing). Apabila menyenaraikan beberapa tindakan, struktur selari mesti dikekalkan, iaitu semua kata kerja dalam senarai mesti menggunakan bentuk "-ing".
She improves her English by reading, writing, and speaking every day.
Dia meningkatkan kemahiran bahasa Inggerisnya dengan membaca, menulis, dan bertutur setiap hari.
EN: Parallel structure (parallelism) involves using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. Here, three gerunds ('thinking, choosing, and acting') are coordinated, and the adverb 'wisely' modifies all three actions.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (Parallelism) merujuk kepada penggunaan struktur perkataan yang sama untuk menunjukkan bahawa dua atau lebih idea mempunyai kepentingan yang sama. Di sini, tiga gerund (thinking, choosing, and acting) diselaraskan antara satu sama lain, manakala kata keterangan "wisely" pula menerangkan ketiga-tiga tindakan tersebut secara serentak.
We enjoy hiking, swimming, and camping in the summer.
Pada musim panas, kami suka mendaki, berenang, dan berkhemah.
EN: Using infinitive phrases ('to' + verb) as both the subject and the subject complement in a sentence creates a balanced structure (To A is to B), which is often used to define a concept or express a philosophical truth.
Bahasa Melayu: Menggunakan frasa infinitif ('to' + kata kerja) sebagai subjek dan pelengkap subjek secara serentak boleh mencipta struktur yang seimbang (To A is to B, bermaksud "melakukan A ialah melakukan B"), sering digunakan untuk mentakrifkan konsep atau menyatakan kebenaran falsafah.
To forgive others is to free yourself.
Memaafkan orang lain ialah membebaskan dirimu sendiri.
EN: The verb 'honor' means to show high respect or to value something greatly. In this context, it refers to treating people's personal histories and aspirations with dignity.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "honor" bermaksud menunjukkan rasa hormat yang tinggi atau menghargai sesuatu dengan sangat. Dalam konteks ini, ia merujuk kepada melayan pengalaman peribadi dan aspirasi orang lain dengan maruah dan hormat.
EN: In multicultural and global citizenship education, 'stories' and 'hopes' represent the diverse backgrounds and future aspirations of individuals. Acknowledging them is key to empathy and mutual respect.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'both... and...' is used to join two grammatical elements of equal importance (parallel structure). In this sentence, it connects two prepositional phrases: 'to our home' and 'to the wider world'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung korelatif "both... and..." (kedua-duanya... dan... / bukan sahaja... tetapi juga...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua unsur yang setara dari segi tatabahasa dan sama penting (struktur selari). Dalam ayat ini, ia menghubungkan dua frasa sendi nama: "to our home" dan "to the wider world".
She is both talented in music and skilled in sports.
Dia berbakat dalam muzik dan juga cemerlang dalam sukan.
EN: The verb 'belong' is an intransitive verb that is typically followed by the preposition 'to' when indicating ownership, membership, or connection to a place or group.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "belong" (kepunyaan) ialah kata kerja tak transitif yang biasanya diikuti oleh sendi nama "to" apabila menunjukkan pemilikan, keahlian, atau kaitan dengan sesuatu tempat atau kumpulan.
This book belongs to the library.
Buku ini kepunyaan perpustakaan.
EN: This sentence reflects the core philosophy of global citizenship. It emphasizes that local identity (our home) and global identity (the wider world) are not mutually exclusive, but rather coexist harmoniously.
EN: Gerunds (verb-ing) as Subjects and Subject Complements: A gerund is a verb form ending in '-ing' that functions as a noun. In this sentence, 'caring' is used first as the subject of the sentence ('caring for the world') and then as the subject complement ('caring for ourselves') following the linking verb 'is'. This structure equates the two actions.
Bahasa Melayu: Gerund (kata kerja-ing) sebagai Subjek dan Pelengkap Subjek: Gerund ialah bentuk kata kerja yang berakhir dengan "-ing", yang berfungsi sebagai kata nama. Dalam ayat ini, "caring" digunakan sebagai subjek ayat (caring for the world), kemudian selepas kata kerja penghubung "is" digunakan sebagai pelengkap subjek (caring for ourselves). Struktur ini menganggap kedua-dua tindakan itu sebagai setara.
Learning a new language is opening a door to another culture.
Mempelajari bahasa baharu bermaksud membuka pintu kepada budaya lain.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'In the end' is used as an introductory adverbial phrase meaning 'ultimately' or 'eventually'. It is typically followed by a comma when placed at the beginning of a sentence to set the context for the main clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi nama "In the end" digunakan sebagai frasa keterangan pengenalan, bermaksud "akhirnya" atau "pada akhirnya". Apabila diletakkan di awal ayat, biasanya diikuti dengan koma untuk memberikan konteks kepada klausa utama.
In the end, honesty is always the best policy.
Akhirnya, kejujuran sentiasa menjadi dasar yang terbaik.
EN: This sentence reflects a core philosophy of global citizenship: interconnectedness. In Western humanist and ecological discourse, there is a strong emphasis on the idea that individual well-being is inextricably linked to the state of the wider world. Caring for the global community is not seen as selfless charity, but as a form of enlightened self-interest.
EN: Subject Question with 'What': When 'what' acts as the subject of a question, it takes a singular verb (e.g., 'makes') and does not require an auxiliary verb like 'do' or 'does'.
Bahasa Melayu: Soalan Subjek dengan 'What': Apabila 'what' bertindak sebagai subjek dalam soalan, kata kerja mesti menggunakan bentuk tunggal (contohnya 'makes'), dan tidak memerlukan kata bantu (seperti 'do' atau 'does').
What brings you to this beautiful city?
Apakah yang membawa kamu ke bandar yang indah ini?
EN: Direct Speech with Reporting Verb Inversion: In written English, when a quote is followed by the reporting verb and its subject, the subject and verb can be inverted (e.g., 'asks Sarah' or 'Sarah asks'). However, inversion is typically avoided if the subject is a pronoun.
Bahasa Melayu: Petikan Langsung dengan Pembalikan Kata Kerja Pelapor: Dalam bahasa Inggeris bertulis, apabila petikan diikuti oleh kata kerja pelapor dan subjek, subjek dan kata kerja boleh diterbalikkan (contohnya 'asks Sarah' atau 'Sarah asks'). Walau bagaimanapun, jika subjek ialah kata ganti nama, pembalikan biasanya tidak digunakan.
"I am ready," says John. / "I am ready," he says.
"Saya sudah bersedia," kata John. / "Saya sudah bersedia," katanya.
EN: The concept of a 'global citizen' (or global citizenship) has become increasingly prominent in modern education. It refers to someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this community's values and practices, rather than just identifying as a citizen of a particular nation.
EN: Gerunds (verb-ing) can function as nouns and serve as the subject of a sentence or clause. In this sentence, 'Being' acts as the subject of the quoted statement, representing the state of possessing the following qualities.
Bahasa Melayu: Gerund (kata kerja-ing) boleh berfungsi sebagai kata nama dan bertindak sebagai subjek ayat atau klausa. Dalam ayat ini, "Being" berfungsi sebagai subjek ucapan yang dipetik, mewakili keadaan memiliki ciri-ciri yang berikutnya.
Being a good listener is essential for effective communication.
Menjadi pendengar yang baik adalah penting untuk komunikasi yang berkesan.
EN: Parallel structure (parallelism) requires that items in a series or list have the same grammatical form. Here, the adjectives 'curious', 'fair', and the adjectival phrase 'willing to learn' are coordinated to describe the state of 'being'.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (paralelisme) memerlukan item dalam siri atau senarai mempunyai bentuk tatabahasa yang sama. Di sini, kata adjektif "curious" (ingin tahu), "fair" (adil), dan frasa adjektif "willing to learn" (bersedia untuk belajar) diselaraskan untuk menerangkan keadaan "being".
She is energetic, smart, and eager to help.
Dia bertenaga, bijak, dan bersedia untuk membantu.
EN: The preposition 'by' followed by a gerund (verb-ing) is used to express the method or means by which an action is achieved.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi nama "by" diikuti dengan gerund (kata kerja-ing) digunakan untuk menyatakan cara atau kaedah untuk mencapai sesuatu tindakan (bermaksud "melalui...").
She improved her English by watching movies.
Dia meningkatkan kemahiran bahasa Inggerisnya dengan menonton filem.
EN: Parallel structure (parallelism) requires that items in a series or list have the same grammatical form. Here, three gerunds ('reading', 'traveling', and 'listening') are coordinated with commas and the conjunction 'and'.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (paralelisme) memerlukan item dalam siri atau senarai mempunyai bentuk tatabahasa yang sama. Di sini, tiga gerund (reading, traveling, dan listening) disusun secara konsisten dengan koma dan kata hubung "and".
He enjoys swimming, running, and cycling.
Dia suka berenang, berlari, dan berbasikal.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'not only... but also...' is used to connect and emphasize two related pieces of information. When connecting two subjects, the verb must agree in number with the closer subject (the one after 'but also'). Here, 'empathy' is a singular uncountable noun, so the singular verb 'matters' is used.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung korelatif "not only... but also..." (bukan sahaja... tetapi juga...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dan menekankan dua maklumat yang berkaitan. Apabila ia menghubungkan dua subjek, bilangan kata kerja (tunggal atau jamak) mesti bersetuju dengan subjek yang lebih dekat (iaitu subjek selepas "but also"). Dalam ayat ini, "empathy" (empati) ialah kata nama tunggal tak boleh dikira, jadi kata kerja tunggal "matters" digunakan.
Not only the students but also the teacher is attending the seminar.
Bukan sahaja pelajar, tetapi guru juga menghadiri seminar itu.
EN: The verb 'matter' is an intransitive verb meaning 'to be important' or 'to have significance'. It does not take a direct object and is often used in the simple present tense to state general truths or values.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "matter" ialah kata kerja tak transitif yang bermaksud "penting" atau "mempunyai kepentingan yang besar". Ia tidak memerlukan objek langsung dan sering digunakan dalam kala kini mudah untuk menyatakan kebenaran umum atau nilai.
Your opinion matters to us.
Pendapat anda sangat penting bagi kami.
EN: In modern discussions about global citizenship and education, there is a strong shift from purely academic 'knowledge' to emotional intelligence, specifically 'empathy'. Hana's quote reflects this contemporary educational philosophy, emphasizing that understanding others' feelings is just as crucial as intellectual learning.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'both... and...' is used to join two grammatical elements of equal importance (nouns, adjectives, verbs, etc.). When connecting two subjects, the verb must be plural.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung berpasangan "both... and..." (kedua-duanya...) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua elemen yang setara dari segi tatabahasa (seperti kata nama, kata adjektif, kata kerja, dll.). Apabila ia menghubungkan dua subjek, kata kerja yang mengikutinya mesti menggunakan bentuk jamak.
Both the teacher and the students were excited about the field trip.
Kedua-dua guru dan pelajar-pelajar berasa teruja tentang lawatan pembelajaran luar ini.
EN: In written English, direct speech is often followed by a reporting verb and its subject (e.g., 'says Leo'). When the subject is a noun (like 'Leo'), inversion is common (verb before subject), though 'Leo says' is also correct.
Bahasa Melayu: Dalam bahasa Inggeris bertulis, petikan langsung sering diikuti oleh kata kerja pelapor dan subjeknya (contohnya 'says Leo'). Apabila subjek ialah kata nama khas atau kata nama am (seperti 'Leo'), struktur pembalikan sering digunakan (kata kerja sebelum subjek), walaupun 'Leo says' juga merupakan penggunaan yang betul.
EN: The concept of balancing 'local roots' (connection to one's native culture and community) with 'global views' (openness to the world) is a key theme in modern global citizenship education. It emphasizes that being a global citizen does not mean abandoning one's home identity, but rather enriching it.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'either... or...' is used to present two choices or alternatives. When connecting two independent clauses, as in this sentence, each clause has its own subject and verb.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung berpasangan "either... or..." (sama ada... atau...) digunakan untuk menyatakan dua pilihan atau alternatif. Apabila ia menghubungkan dua klausa bebas (seperti dalam ayat ini), setiap klausa mempunyai subjek dan kata kerja yang tersendiri.
Either we leave now, or we will miss the train.
Kita sama ada perlu bertolak sekarang, atau kita akan terlepas kereta api.
EN: Direct speech with reporting verbs (like 'says') can place the reporting clause at the end of the sentence. In this structure, the subject ('Sarah') typically follows the verb ('says'), though 'Sarah says' is also correct.
Bahasa Melayu: Petikan langsung dengan kata kerja pelapor (seperti "says") boleh meletakkan klausa pelapor di hujung ayat. Dalam struktur ini, subjek ("Sarah") biasanya diletakkan selepas kata kerja ("says"), walaupun susunan "Sarah says" juga betul.
"I am ready," says John.
"Saya sudah bersedia," kata John.
EN: The correlative conjunction 'neither... nor...' is used to connect two negative options, meaning 'not the first one and not the second one'. When connecting subjects, the verb agrees with the subject closer to it (the second subject).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung korelatif "neither... nor..." digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua pilihan negatif, bermaksud "bukan yang pertama mahupun yang kedua (kedua-duanya tidak)". Apabila menghubungkan dua subjek, bilangan kata kerja mesti bersetuju dengan subjek yang berdekatan (iaitu subjek kedua).
Neither the teacher nor the students were able to solve the puzzle.
Guru mahupun pelajar-pelajar tidak dapat menyelesaikan teka-teki itu.
EN: The modal verb 'should' is used to express obligation, duty, or correctness. In this context, it indicates a strong moral recommendation or expectation.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja modal "should" digunakan untuk menyatakan kewajipan, tanggungjawab, atau ketepatan. Dalam konteks ini, ia menunjukkan nasihat moral atau jangkaan yang kuat (sepatutnya).
We should respect the rules of the community.
Kita sepatutnya mematuhi peraturan komuniti.
EN: This quote reflects a core value of global citizenship: emphasizing common humanity over physical distance or cultural differences. It encourages unity and empathy across borders.
EN: The phrasal verb 'speak up' means to express one's opinions frankly and publicly, especially in support of something or to protest against something. It is an intransitive phrasal verb, meaning it does not require a direct object.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kerja "speak up" bermaksud "bersuara dengan lantang, berani menyatakan pendapat", terutamanya untuk menyokong sesuatu atau menyatakan bantahan. Ini ialah frasa kerja tak transitif, yang tidak memerlukan objek langsung selepasnya.
If you see injustice, you should speak up.
Jika kamu melihat ketidakadilan, kamu patut bersuara dengan berani.
EN: The verb 'lift' is used metaphorically here with 'others' ('lift others') to mean encouraging, supporting, or improving the moral or social condition of other people. It is a transitive verb requiring an object.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "lift" di sini digunakan dengan "others" (lift others) secara metafora, bermaksud "menaikkan semangat, mengangkat, atau menyokong" hati atau keadaan orang lain. Ini ialah kata kerja transitif, yang mesti diikuti oleh objek.
A true leader always tries to lift those around them.
Seorang pemimpin sejati sentiasa cuba untuk mengangkat semangat orang-orang di sekelilingnya.
EN: In English-speaking cultures, the concept of a 'good citizen' extends beyond just obeying laws. It strongly emphasizes active community participation, speaking up against injustice, and supporting/empowering marginalized or struggling members of society ('lifting others').
EN: The infinitive phrase 'to + verb' can function as a noun. In this sentence, 'To care for the world' acts as the subject, and 'to care for all' acts as the subject complement after the linking verb 'is'. This structure ('To do X is to do Y') is often used to define a concept or express a philosophical belief, showing that two actions are equivalent or deeply connected.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa infinitif "to + kata kerja" boleh berfungsi sebagai kata nama. Dalam ayat ini, "To care for the world" (menjaga dunia) berfungsi sebagai subjek, manakala "to care for all" (menjaga semua) berfungsi sebagai pelengkap subjek selepas kata kerja penghubung "is". Struktur "To do X is to do Y" (Melakukan X ialah melakukan Y) ini sering digunakan untuk mentakrifkan sesuatu konsep atau menyatakan kepercayaan falsafah, menunjukkan bahawa kedua-dua tindakan itu adalah setara atau berkait rapat.
To forgive others is to free yourself.
Memaafkan orang lain ialah membebaskan dirimu sendiri.
EN: The phrasal verb 'care for' means to feel affection for, look after, or value someone or something. In this context, it emphasizes active emotional investment and responsibility toward the global community.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja frasa "care for" bermaksud menyayangi, menjaga, atau menghargai seseorang atau sesuatu. Dalam konteks ini, ia menekankan penglibatan emosi yang aktif dan rasa tanggungjawab terhadap komuniti global.
She has always cared for the environment.
Dia sentiasa menjaga alam sekitar.
EN: This sentence reflects the core philosophy of global citizenship, emphasizing that universal empathy ('care for all') is the foundation of global responsibility. The name 'Hana' is a common name across many cultures (including Japanese, Korean, Arabic, and Hebrew), symbolizing the multicultural and inclusive nature of the dialogue.
EN: Imperative sentences are used to give commands, advice, or instructions. They begin with the base form of the verb, and the subject 'you' is understood but omitted. In this sentence, 'Think', 'act', and 'live' are all imperative verbs.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat perintah digunakan untuk memberi arahan, nasihat, atau panduan. Ayat ini bermula dengan kata kerja dasar, dan subjek "you" (anda/kalian) digugurkan. Dalam ayat ini, "Think" (berfikir), "act" (bertindak) dan "live" (hidup) ialah kata kerja perintah.
Speak clearly and listen carefully to others.
Bercakap dengan jelas, dan dengar orang lain dengan teliti.
EN: Parallel structure (parallelism) involves using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. Here, three imperative clauses are joined in a parallel list: [Verb + Adverb], [Verb + Adverb], [Verb + Adverb].
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (paralelisme) melibatkan penggunaan corak perkataan yang sama untuk menunjukkan bahawa dua atau lebih idea mempunyai kepentingan teras yang sama. Di sini, tiga klausa perintah dihubungkan dalam senarai selari: [kata kerja + kata adverba], [kata kerja + kata adverba], [kata kerja + kata adverba].
Write neatly, read daily, and practice constantly.
Tulis dengan kemas, baca setiap hari, dan berlatih secara berterusan.
EN: The phrase 'Think globally, act locally' is a well-known slogan in environmental and social activism. This sentence adapts that famous structure to emphasize personal character and ethics ('act kindly, live simply') within a global citizenship context.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: Empati, keupayaan untuk memahami dan berkongsi perasaan orang lain
Dalam konteks: Kesabaran, sifat sabar, toleransi, atau tidak tergesa-gesa
Dalam konteks: Keberanian, keberanian menghadapi kesukaran, bahaya, atau kesakitan
Dalam konteks: Keadilan, sikap atau tindakan yang saksama dan tidak berat sebelah
Dalam konteks: Perpecahan, menyebabkan perbezaan pendapat atau perselisihan
Dalam konteks: Sempadan negara, sempadan
Dalam konteks: Rendah hati, tidak sombong
Dalam konteks: Ikatan, hubungan atau keterikatan yang erat
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To express one's opinions frankly and publicly, especially in support of something.
Menyuarakan pendapat secara terbuka, berani meluahkan idea
To encourage, support, or improve the morale and status of other people.
Menggalakkan orang lain, membantu orang lain untuk maju
To reduce the differences or disagreements between two groups of people.
Menghapuskan perbezaan, membina jambatan komunikasi
To assist someone, especially by doing a share of a work or providing resources.
Membantu, menolong (menyelesaikan kesulitan)