Toothbrushes, ice-cream and frozen pizza: data reveals how Coles and Woolworths switch...Berus gigi, ais krim dan piza sejuk beku: data mendedahkan bagaimana Coles dan Woolworths beralih...
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EN: Present Perfect Tense (has/have + past participle): Used here to describe a recent action that has a result in the present. In this context, 'has revealed' indicates that the analysis was completed and the information is now known.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala kini sempurna (has/have + past participle): Digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang baru sahaja berlaku dan memberi kesan kepada masa kini. Dalam artikel ini, "has revealed" menunjukkan bahawa analisis telah selesai, dan hasilnya (maklumat) kini diketahui umum.
The study has revealed a link between diet and health.
Kajian ini telah mendedahkan hubungan antara diet dan kesihatan.
EN: Appositive Phrase: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename it or describe it in more detail. 'Australia's two largest supermarkets' is an appositive describing 'Coles and Woolworths'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Apositif: Kata nama atau frasa nama yang terletak bersebelahan dengan kata nama lain untuk menamakan semula atau menerangkan dengan lebih terperinci kata nama tersebut. Di sini, "Australia's two largest supermarkets" ialah apositif bagi "Coles and Woolworths".
Mr. Chen, my English teacher, is very kind.
Encik Tan, guru Bahasa Inggeris saya, sangat baik hati.
EN: In Australia, Coles and Woolworths form a 'duopoly,' controlling a vast majority of the grocery market. The term 'High-Low pricing' mentioned in the context refers to a strategy where prices fluctuate significantly, which is a major point of discussion regarding the cost of living in Australia.
EN: The past participle phrase 'called CW Scanner' acts as an adjective to modify the preceding noun 'website'. This is a reduced relative clause, shortened from 'which is called CW Scanner'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa partisipel lampau 'called CW Scanner' bertindak sebagai kata adjektif untuk mengubah suai kata nama 'website' (laman web) yang mendahuluinya. Ini ialah klausa relatif yang diringkaskan, berasal daripada "which is called CW Scanner".
A company called Apple makes the iPhone.
Syarikat bernama Apple mengeluarkan iPhone.
EN: The verb 'provide' follows the pattern 'provide something to someone/something'. It indicates the transfer of information or goods from a source to a recipient.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'provide' mengikuti pola 'provide something to someone/something' (memberikan sesuatu kepada seseorang/sesuatu). Ia menunjukkan pemindahan maklumat atau barang daripada sumber kepada penerima.
The teacher provided the notes to the students.
Guru memberikan nota kepada pelajar.
EN: Guardian Australia is the Australian edition of The Guardian, a major global news organization. In this context, it highlights how independent data analysis from third-party websites like CW Scanner is used by investigative journalism to hold large corporations accountable.
EN: Compound Predicate: This sentence uses a compound predicate where two verbs ('covers' and 'includes') share the same subject ('The information'). They are connected by the conjunction 'and'.
Bahasa Melayu: Predikat Majmuk: Ayat ini menggunakan predikat majmuk di mana dua kata kerja (covers dan includes) berkongsi subjek yang sama (The information), dan disambungkan oleh kata hubung "and".
The report analyzes the market and suggests new strategies.
Laporan ini menganalisis pasaran dan mencadangkan strategi baharu.
EN: Listing with 'such as': The phrase 'such as' is used to introduce specific examples of a general category (in this case, 'products'). It is followed by a list of nouns separated by commas.
Bahasa Melayu: Menyenaraikan dengan 'such as': Frasa 'such as' digunakan untuk memperkenalkan contoh khusus bagi kategori umum (dalam ayat ini, "products"). Ia diikuti oleh senarai kata nama yang dipisahkan dengan koma.
She enjoys outdoor activities such as hiking, swimming, and cycling.
Dia suka aktiviti luar, seperti mendaki, berenang dan berbasikal.
EN: The phrase 'According to' is a prepositional phrase used to indicate the source of information. It is followed by a noun or a noun phrase.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'According to' ialah frasa preposisi yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan sumber maklumat. Ia diikuti oleh kata nama atau frasa nama.
According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.
Menurut ramalan cuaca, esok akan hujan.
EN: The correlative structure 'one... the other' is used when referring to two specific items or groups. 'One' identifies the first, and 'the other' identifies the remaining one of the pair.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur korelatif 'one... the other' digunakan apabila merujuk kepada dua item atau kumpulan tertentu. 'One' merujuk kepada yang pertama, manakala 'the other' merujuk kepada yang selebihnya dalam pasangan itu.
I have two pens; one is blue and the other is red.
Saya ada dua batang pen; satu berwarna biru, dan satu lagi berwarna merah.
EN: In Australia, the supermarket industry is dominated by a 'duopoly' consisting of Coles and Woolworths. This market structure often leads to similar pricing behaviors, which can sometimes be scrutinized by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) to ensure fair competition and protect consumers.
EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the action is more important than the person or thing performing it. Here, 'was advertised' focuses on the promotion of the product.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (be + past participle): Digunakan apabila tindakan itu lebih penting daripada orang atau benda yang melakukan tindakan itu. Di sini, "was advertised" menekankan fakta bahawa produk itu diiklankan.
The new smartphone was launched last month.
Telefon pintar baharu ini telah dilancarkan pada bulan lepas.
EN: Prepositional Phrases for Pricing: The preposition 'at' is used to indicate a specific price point or rate (at half price), while 'for' indicates the total amount paid.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Preposisi untuk Penetapan Harga: Preposisi 'at' digunakan untuk menunjukkan titik harga atau kadar tertentu (pada harga separuh), manakala 'for' digunakan untuk menunjukkan jumlah wang yang dibayar.
The tickets are available at a discount for 20 dollars.
Tiket-tiket ini dijual pada harga diskaun 20 dolar.
EN: In Australia, the supermarket duopoly of Coles and Woolworths is a major public topic. 'Half price' specials are a very common marketing tactic used to drive foot traffic, often alternating between the two chains to ensure one always has a higher price while the other is on sale.
EN: The Passive Voice (be + past participle) is used when the action is more important than the person performing it. Here, 'was sold' focuses on the product's price rather than the supermarket staff.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (be + past participle) digunakan apabila tindakan itu lebih penting daripada pelaku. Di sini, "was sold" (telah dijual) digunakan untuk menekankan harga produk, bukan kakitangan pasar raya.
The tickets were sold in just five minutes.
Tiket itu habis dijual dalam masa lima minit sahaja.
EN: Prepositional Phrases for Price: 'At' is used to indicate a specific price point (at full price), while 'for' is used to indicate the total amount of money (for 199 dollars).
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan Kata Preposisi untuk Harga: 'at' digunakan untuk menunjukkan titik harga tertentu (pada harga penuh), manakala 'for' digunakan untuk menunjukkan jumlah wang yang spesifik (dengan harga 199 ringgit).
I bought this shirt for 20 dollars at a discount.
Saya membeli baju ini dengan harga diskaun sebanyak 20 ringgit.
EN: In Australia, Coles and Woolworths form a 'duopoly,' controlling the vast majority of the grocery market. This sentence highlights the controversial practice where they avoid competing on price for the same items simultaneously, a topic currently under government scrutiny.
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had been') is used to describe an action or state that was completed before another point in the past. In this context, it emphasizes the state of affairs prior to the 'recent' promotion mentioned earlier.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala lampau sempurna (had been) digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan atau keadaan yang telah selesai atau berterusan sebelum satu titik masa tertentu pada masa lampau. Dalam konteks ini, ia menekankan keadaan sebelum promosi "terkini" yang disebut sebelum ini.
By the time I arrived at the store, the sale had already ended.
Apabila saya tiba di kedai, jualan istimewa itu sudah pun tamat.
EN: The word 'just' is used here as an adverb to emphasize the specific amount of time or the precision of the timing, meaning 'exactly' or 'only'.
Bahasa Melayu: Perkataan "just" digunakan di sini sebagai kata adverba untuk menekankan ketepatan jumlah masa atau titik masa tertentu, bermaksud "tepat" atau "hanya".
The train left just two minutes ago.
Kereta api itu bertolak hanya dua minit yang lalu.
EN: In the context of Australian retail, the 'High-Low' pricing strategy mentioned in the text is a common but controversial practice. The sentence highlights how quickly prices can fluctuate between major competitors like Coles and Woolworths, which is a central point of the ongoing consumer rights debate in Australia.
EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the subject receives the action rather than performing it. In this sentence, 'is known' indicates that the strategy doesn't know itself, but is recognized by others.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (be + past participle): Digunakan apabila subjek menerima tindakan dan bukannya melaksanakan tindakan itu. Dalam ayat ini, "is known" menunjukkan bahawa strategi itu tidak secara aktif mengenali, tetapi dikenali oleh orang lain.
The new policy is known to all employees.
Semua pekerja mengetahui dasar baharu ini.
EN: The phrase 'be known as' is used to specify the name, title, or category of someone or something.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'be known as' digunakan untuk menentukan nama, gelaran, atau kategori seseorang atau sesuatu, bermaksud "dikenali sebagai..." atau "terkenal sebagai...".
Paris is known as the City of Light.
Paris dikenali sebagai Kota Cahaya.
EN: "High-Low" pricing is a common psychological marketing tactic where a retailer charges a high price for an item every day, but then offers a significant discount through promotions or coupons to create a sense of urgency and value for the customer.
EN: The sentence uses the Present Simple tense to describe a habitual action or a general business strategy. The third-person singular subject 'The supermarket' requires the verbs to end in '-s' (sets, offers).
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan kala kini mudah untuk menerangkan tindakan kebiasaan atau strategi perniagaan umum. Subjek tunggal orang ketiga "The supermarket" memerlukan akhiran "-s" pada kata kerja (seperti sets, offers).
The store opens at 9 AM every day.
Kedai ini dibuka pada pukul sembilan pagi setiap hari.
EN: The 'to + infinitive' structure (to attract) is used here as an infinitive of purpose, explaining why the supermarket offers promotions.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur 'to + kata kerja dasar' (to attract) digunakan di sini sebagai infinitif tujuan, menerangkan sebab pasar raya menawarkan promosi.
He saved money to buy a new car.
Dia menyimpan wang untuk membeli kereta baharu.
EN: The 'High-Low' pricing strategy mentioned in the context is a common retail tactic where prices are kept high normally but dropped significantly during sales. This contrasts with 'Everyday Low Price' (EDLP) strategies used by retailers like Walmart or ALDI.
EN: Relative Clauses (Defining and Non-defining): The sentence uses two types of relative clauses. 'That followed this pattern' is a defining relative clause that identifies which products are being discussed. ', which include...' is a non-defining relative clause that provides extra information about those products, separated by a comma.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa Relatif (Defining dan Non-defining): Ayat ini menggunakan dua jenis klausa relatif. "that followed this pattern" ialah penggunaan defining, untuk mengenal pasti produk mana secara khusus; manakala ", which include..." ialah penggunaan non-defining, dipisahkan dengan koma, untuk memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang produk tersebut.
The company released a report that analyzed sales, which helped investors understand the market.
Syarikat itu menerbitkan laporan yang menganalisis jualan, yang membantu pelabur memahami pasaran.
EN: At least: This phrase is an adverbial modifier used to indicate that a number or amount is the minimum possible, and it could be more.
Bahasa Melayu: At least (sekurang-kurangnya): Frasa ini ialah penerang adverba yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu nombor atau kuantiti ialah had minimum yang mungkin, dan keadaan sebenar mungkin lebih banyak.
You need to wait at least twenty minutes for the paint to dry.
Anda perlu menunggu sekurang-kurangnya dua puluh minit untuk cat itu kering.
EN: The conjunction 'because' is used to introduce a subordinate clause that provides a reason or explanation for the main clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'because' digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa subordinat yang memberikan sebab atau penjelasan untuk klausa utama.
I stayed home because it was raining.
Saya tinggal di rumah kerana pada masa itu hujan sedang turun.
EN: The determiner 'many more' is used to emphasize a significantly larger quantity of countable nouns.
Bahasa Melayu: Penentu 'many more' digunakan untuk menekankan peningkatan kuantiti yang jauh lebih besar bagi kata nama boleh dikira.
Many more people attended the concert than expected.
Bilangan orang yang menghadiri konsert itu jauh lebih ramai daripada yang dijangkakan.
EN: The Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) is used here to describe an action (deceiving customers) that happened before another past action (the court finding).
Bahasa Melayu: Kala lampau sempurna (had + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan (menipu pelanggan) yang berlaku sebelum tindakan lampau yang lain (keputusan mahkamah).
The police discovered that the thief had escaped before they arrived.
Polis mendapati bahawa pencuri itu telah pun melarikan diri sebelum mereka tiba.
EN: The conjunction 'after' introduces a subordinate clause that provides temporal context for the main event.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'after' memperkenalkan klausa subordinat yang memberikan maklumat konteks masa untuk peristiwa utama.
He felt much better after he took the medicine.
Dia berasa lebih baik selepas mengambil ubat itu.
EN: This sentence refers to a real legal case in Australia where major supermarkets faced scrutiny over their pricing tactics. In Australia, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) is a powerful body that protects consumer rights against misleading advertising.
EN: The verb 'ruled' is followed by a 'that' clause, which functions as a noun clause (the direct object of the verb). This structure is commonly used to report official decisions or statements.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'ruled' (memutuskan) diikuti oleh klausa 'that', yang berfungsi sebagai klausa nama (objek langsung kata kerja). Struktur ini sering digunakan untuk melaporkan keputusan rasmi atau kenyataan.
The committee decided that the proposal was too expensive.
Jawatankuasa memutuskan bahawa cadangan itu terlalu mahal.
EN: The possessive form 'supermarket's' uses an apostrophe and 's' to indicate ownership or association with the noun that follows ('promotional program').
Bahasa Melayu: Bentuk kepunyaan 'supermarket's' menggunakan apostrof dan 's' untuk menunjukkan pemilikan atau kaitan dengan kata nama yang mengikutinya (promosi).
The company's logo is very recognizable.
Logo syarikat ini sangat dikenali.
EN: The 'Down Down' campaign is a famous long-running marketing strategy by Coles in Australia, using a giant red hand pointing downwards to signify price drops. The legal ruling mentioned reflects increasing scrutiny on whether these 'drops' are genuine or artificial.
EN: Present Perfect Continuous (have/has been + -ing): This tense is used to describe an action that started in the past and is still continuing in the present, or has just finished but has a strong connection to the present. It emphasizes the duration or the ongoing nature of the activity.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala kini sempurna berterusan (have/has been + -ing): Kala ini digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang bermula pada masa lampau dan berterusan sehingga kini, atau aktiviti yang baru sahaja berakhir tetapi mempunyai kaitan yang kuat dengan masa kini. Ia menekankan kesinambungan atau proses tindakan itu.
The police have been looking for the suspect for three days.
Polis telah mencari suspek itu selama tiga hari.
EN: Correlative Conjunctions (both... and...): This pair of words is used to join two equal elements (nouns, adjectives, or phrases) together, emphasizing that both items are included.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata Hubung Korelatif (both... and...): Pasangan perkataan ini digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua elemen yang setara (kata nama, kata adjektif, atau frasa), menekankan bahawa kedua-duanya termasuk.
She likes both tea and coffee.
Dia suka kedua-dua teh dan kopi.
EN: The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) is a powerful independent government authority in Australia. Its role is to enforce competition and consumer protection laws, ensuring that businesses act fairly and do not mislead customers. In Australia, the supermarket industry is highly concentrated, dominated by Coles and Woolworths (often called the 'duopoly'), which is why ACCC investigations into their pricing are major national news.
EN: The verb 'deserve' is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to indicate that someone should have or do something because of their qualities or actions.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'deserve' (layak) diikuti oleh infinitif (to + kata kerja) untuk menunjukkan bahawa seseorang sepatutnya memiliki atau melakukan sesuatu berdasarkan kualiti atau tindakan mereka.
All employees deserve to be treated with respect.
Semua pekerja layak dihormati.
EN: The word 'if' is used here as a conjunction to introduce indirect questions or noun clauses, meaning 'whether'. It presents two or more possibilities.
Bahasa Melayu: Di sini, 'if' digunakan sebagai kata hubung untuk memperkenalkan soalan tidak langsung atau klausa nama, bermaksud "sama ada", untuk membentangkan dua atau lebih kemungkinan.
I don't know if the store is open today.
Saya tidak tahu sama ada kedai ini dibuka hari ini.
EN: In Western retail markets like Australia, consumer rights are heavily protected by law. The statement reflects the expectation of 'price transparency,' where retailers are discouraged from using 'was/is' pricing (raising a price just to immediately discount it) to create a false sense of savings.
EN: The conjunction 'Although' is used to introduce a subordinate clause that expresses a contrast or concession. In English, 'although' is not paired with 'but' in the same sentence.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'Although' (walaupun) digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa subordinat yang menyatakan pertentangan atau konsesi. Dalam tatabahasa Inggeris, 'although' tidak boleh digunakan bersama-sama dengan 'but' dalam ayat yang sama.
Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk.
Walaupun hujan turun, kami tetap memutuskan untuk pergi berjalan-jalan.
EN: The Present Perfect tense (has/have + past participle) is used here to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a result or relevance in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala kini sempurna (has/have + past participle) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa lampau yang tidak spesifik, dan tindakan itu memberi kesan atau mempunyai kaitan dengan masa kini.
The new policy has improved customer satisfaction.
Dasar baharu itu telah meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan.
EN: In Australia, the supermarket sector is dominated by a duopoly consisting of Coles and Woolworths. This market structure often leads to public scrutiny regarding pricing tactics and competition, especially during periods of high inflation.
EN: The structure 'make it + adjective + for someone + to do something' uses 'it' as a dummy object (preparatory object). The real object is the infinitive phrase 'to find...'.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur 'make it + kata adjektif + for seseorang + to do sesuatu' menggunakan 'it' sebagai objek palsu (objek pendahulu), manakala objek sebenar ialah frasa infinitif 'to find...' di belakang.
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go hiking.
Hujan lebat menyukarkan kami untuk pergi mendaki.
EN: The word 'that' introduces a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'believe'. It connects the main subject/verb to a complete thought.
Bahasa Melayu: Perkataan 'that' memperkenalkan klausa nama yang bertindak sebagai objek langsung bagi kata kerja 'believe'. Ia menghubungkan subjek/kata kerja utama dengan idea yang lengkap.
Experts believe that the economy will improve next year.
Pakar percaya bahawa ekonomi akan bertambah baik pada tahun hadapan.
EN: In the Australian retail context, the duopoly of Coles and Woolworths is a frequent topic of public debate regarding competition and cost-of-living pressures. The term 'critics' often refers to consumer advocacy groups or economic analysts who monitor these market giants.
EN: The verb 'encourage' follows the pattern 'encourage someone to do something', where an object is followed by a to-infinitive to express the action being promoted.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'encourage' (menggalakkan) mengikut pola 'encourage + seseorang + to + kata kerja dasar', di mana objek diikuti oleh infinitif untuk menyatakan tindakan yang digalakkan.
The teacher encourages students to ask questions.
Guru menggalakkan pelajar untuk bertanya soalan.
EN: The phrase 'where to buy' is a wh-word followed by a to-infinitive, acting as a noun phrase that serves as the object of the verb 'decide'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'where to buy' ialah struktur kata tanya diikuti oleh infinitif 'to', yang berfungsi sebagai frasa nama dan menjadi objek bagi kata kerja 'decide' (memutuskan).
I haven't decided where to go for my vacation.
Saya belum memutuskan ke mana hendak pergi bercuti.
EN: In Australia, the term 'groceries' typically refers to food and household items bought at supermarkets like Coles and Woolworths. The retail sector in Australia is often described as a 'duopoly' because these two major chains dominate the market, making price comparison a significant public interest topic.
EN: Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): Used here to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a result or relevance in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala kini sempurna (have/has + past participle): Digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku pada masa lampau yang tidak spesifik, dan tindakan itu masih mempunyai kesan atau kaitan pada masa kini.
The new policy has caused many changes in the company.
Dasar baharu ini telah membawa banyak perubahan kepada syarikat.
EN: Collocation 'draw attention': A common word pairing where 'draw' means to attract or pull in. It is often modified by adjectives like 'significant' or 'considerable'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kolokasi 'draw attention': Ini ialah gabungan perkataan yang lazim di mana 'draw' bermaksud "menarik". Biasanya, kata adjektif seperti 'significant' (ketara) atau 'considerable' (besar) ditambah untuk mengubah suai tahapnya.
Her unique style of painting drew international attention.
Gaya lukisannya yang unik telah menarik perhatian antarabangsa.
EN: In Australia, the supermarket duopoly of Coles and Woolworths is a major political and social issue. Because these two chains control about 65% of the market, any suspicion of price manipulation or misleading discounts quickly becomes national news and draws government scrutiny.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: Promosi, merujuk kepada aktiviti penurunan harga atau kempen pengiklanan yang dijalankan oleh peniaga untuk meningkatkan jualan.
Dalam konteks: Mendedahkan, menunjukkan, merujuk kepada tindakan menjadikan fakta yang sebelum ini tidak diketahui menjadi jelas melalui analisis atau penyelidikan.
Dalam konteks: Strategi, merujuk kepada pelan atau kaedah yang dirancang untuk mencapai matlamat tertentu.
Dalam konteks: Menipu, mengelirukan, merujuk kepada tindakan membuat seseorang mempercayai perkara yang tidak benar.
Dalam konteks: Mengelirukan, merujuk kepada maklumat yang tidak benar atau mudah menyebabkan salah faham.
Dalam konteks: Penyiasatan, merujuk kepada pemeriksaan yang dijalankan oleh pihak berkuasa atau organisasi untuk mencari kebenaran.
Dalam konteks: Synchronized, bermaksud pelbagai peristiwa berlaku pada masa yang sama atau seiring dengan sempurna.
Dalam konteks: Sungguh-sungguh, benar-benar, atau sesuai dengan namanya.
Dalam konteks: Mengesan, mengenal pasti, merujuk kepada mencari objek tertentu dalam data atau kumpulan yang besar.
Dalam konteks: Sementara, bermaksud hanya berlangsung untuk satu tempoh masa dan bukan kekal.
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
A retail pricing strategy where a store charges a high price for an item and then periodically sells it at a lower price through promotions.
Strategi penetapan harga tinggi-rendah (High-Low pricing)
To start and stop something repeatedly or at specific times.
Menghidupkan dan mematikan (beralih)
Simultaneously; happening during the same period.
Pada masa yang sama
To cause people to feel worried or to start a discussion about a potential problem.
Menimbulkan kebimbangan
The part of the economy that involves the sale of goods to the public in relatively small quantities for use or consumption.
Sektor runcit