Ang Lee: Six Years of WaitingAng Lee: Enam Tahun Menunggu
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EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used here to describe birth. Since 'born' is a past participle, we use 'was born' to indicate the event happened in the past.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (be + partisipel lampau): Digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan kelahiran. Oleh kerana 'born' ialah partisipel lampau, kita menggunakan 'was born' untuk menunjukkan bahawa peristiwa itu berlaku pada masa lampau.
She was born in a small village in 1995.
Dia dilahirkan pada tahun 1995 di sebuah kampung kecil.
EN: Phrasal Verb 'Grow up': This means to spend one's childhood and become an adult. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata Kerja Frasa 'Grow up': Bermaksud menghabiskan masa kanak-kanak dan menjadi dewasa. Ini adalah kata kerja tak transitif, bermakna ia tidak memerlukan objek langsung selepasnya.
I grew up in a busy city, so I love the noise.
Saya membesar di bandar yang sibuk, jadi saya suka kesibukan.
EN: Ang Lee is a world-renowned director. Mentioning Hualien and Tainan highlights his roots in different parts of Taiwan, which often influences the cultural depth in his films.
EN: Appositive: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename or describe it. Here, 'a strict principal' provides more information about 'His father'.
Bahasa Melayu: Aposisi: Kata nama atau frasa nama yang terletak selepas kata nama lain untuk menamakan semula atau menambah maklumat tentang kata nama tersebut. Dalam ayat ini, "a strict principal" menambah maklumat tentang identiti "His father".
My friend, a talented artist, painted this mural.
Kawan saya, seorang artis yang berbakat, melukis mural ini.
EN: Expect + Object + to-infinitive: A common verb pattern used to express what someone wants or believes another person should do in the future.
Bahasa Melayu: Expect + Objek + Infinitif: Ini adalah pola kata kerja yang biasa digunakan untuk menyatakan apa yang seseorang jangkakan atau percaya bahawa orang lain patut lakukan pada masa hadapan.
The teacher expects the students to finish their homework.
Guru menjangkakan pelajar-pelajar menyiapkan kerja rumah mereka.
EN: In many traditional East Asian cultures, including Taiwan during Ang Lee's youth, parents often placed high value on stable, prestigious academic careers like being a professor, viewing them as a sign of success and social status.
EN: The correlative structure 'not once, but [number]' is used for emphasis to highlight that something happened more than expected. It creates a contrast between a single occurrence and the actual higher frequency.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur korelatif "not once, but [bilangan]" digunakan untuk penekanan bagi menyerlahkan bahawa sesuatu berlaku lebih daripada yang dijangkakan. Ia mewujudkan kontras antara "hanya sekali" dengan bilangan sebenar yang lebih banyak, untuk menguatkan nada.
She won the championship not once, but three times.
Dia bukan sahaja memenangi kejuaraan sekali, tetapi tiga kali.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'to one's [emotion]' (e.g., to his disappointment, to my surprise) is used to describe the emotional result of an action or event.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi nama "to one's [kata nama emosi]" (contohnya, to his disappointment, to my surprise) digunakan untuk menerangkan hasil emosi yang disebabkan oleh sesuatu tindakan atau peristiwa.
To our surprise, the plan worked perfectly.
Amat mengejutkan kami, rancangan itu berjalan dengan sangat sempurna.
EN: In many East Asian cultures, especially during the era described, the University Entrance Exam was seen as a critical 'make-or-break' moment for a young person's future and a reflection of family honor. Failing it was often considered a significant source of shame for the parents.
EN: The relative pronoun 'which' is used here in a non-restrictive relative clause to refer back to the entire preceding idea (choosing art), rather than just the noun 'art'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata ganti relatif 'which' digunakan di sini dalam klausa relatif bukan pembatas untuk merujuk kepada keseluruhan situasi yang dinyatakan sebelum ini (pilihan untuk menceburi seni), bukan hanya merujuk kepada kata nama 'art' semata-mata.
She passed the exam, which made her parents very happy.
Dia lulus peperiksaan, yang menyebabkan ibu bapanya sangat gembira.
EN: The verb 'find' is used in the pattern 'find + object + adjective' to express an opinion or perception about something.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan kata kerja 'find' dalam pola 'find + objek + adjektif' untuk menyatakan pendapat atau perasaan tentang sesuatu.
I find this movie extremely boring.
Saya merasakan filem itu sangat membosankan.
EN: In traditional Taiwanese and East Asian cultures, parental expectations often lean heavily toward stable, prestigious professions like medicine or academia. Pursuing art was historically seen as a risky or less 'respectable' path, leading to the generational conflict described in Ang Lee's life.
EN: The 'to + infinitive' (to study) is used here as an infinitive of purpose, explaining why the subject performed the action of moving.
Bahasa Melayu: 'Infinitif' (to + kata kerja dasar) digunakan di sini sebagai infinitif tujuan, untuk menerangkan sebab atau tujuan subjek berpindah.
She went to the library to borrow some books.
Dia pergi ke perpustakaan untuk meminjam beberapa buku.
EN: Prepositions of place: 'To' indicates direction/movement toward a destination, while 'at' indicates a specific location or institution where an activity happens.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi nama tempat: 'To' menunjukkan arah/pergerakan ke arah destinasi; 'at' pula menunjukkan berada di lokasi atau institusi tertentu untuk melakukan aktiviti.
He traveled to Japan to study at a language school.
Dia pergi ke Jepun untuk belajar di sebuah sekolah bahasa.
EN: The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign is a prestigious public research university. For many international students, moving to the U.S. for higher education in the arts was a common path to global recognition, though it often involved significant cultural and linguistic challenges.
EN: The phrase 'go on to + infinitive' is used to describe a sequence of events, meaning to do something after completing a previous action or stage.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "go on to + infinitif" digunakan untuk menerangkan urutan peristiwa, bermaksud selepas menyelesaikan tindakan atau fasa sebelumnya, seseorang itu meneruskan ke perkara seterusnya.
After finishing her undergraduate degree, she went on to study medicine.
Selepas menamatkan ijazah sarjana mudanya, dia kemudiannya melanjutkan pelajaran dalam bidang perubatan.
EN: The present participle phrase 'barely speaking English' functions as a reduced relative clause or a supplementary clause describing the subject's state or simultaneous action.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa partisipel kini "barely speaking English" berfungsi sebagai klausa adjektif yang diringkaskan atau klausa penerang tambahan, untuk menerangkan keadaan subjek pada masa itu atau tindakan yang berlaku serentak.
He sat by the window, watching the rain fall.
Dia duduk di tepi tingkap, memerhatikan hujan turun.
EN: NYU (New York University) is home to the Tisch School of the Arts, one of the most prestigious film schools in the world. Ang Lee's journey from a non-native speaker to an Oscar-winning director at NYU is a classic example of the 'American Dream' and the power of visual storytelling over language barriers.
EN: The use of 'even then' functions as an adverbial phrase of time, emphasizing that a quality existed earlier than expected or despite certain circumstances (like his limited English).
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan 'even then' berfungsi sebagai frasa adverba masa, menekankan bahawa sesuatu sifat telah wujud lebih awal daripada yang dijangkakan, atau walaupun dalam keadaan tertentu (seperti ketika dia belum fasih berbahasa Inggeris).
He was only five years old, but even then, he played the piano like a professional.
Dia baru berumur lima tahun ketika itu, tetapi walaupun begitu, dia bermain piano seperti seorang profesional.
EN: Compound Sentence with 'and': This sentence uses the coordinating conjunction 'and' to join two independent clauses, showing a cause-and-effect relationship between his talent and the public's reaction.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat Majmuk dengan 'and': Ayat ini menggunakan kata hubung koordinat 'and' untuk menghubungkan dua klausa bebas, menunjukkan hubungan sebab-akibat antara bakatnya dan reaksi orang ramai.
The movie was very moving, and many people cried.
Filem ini sangat menyentuh hati, sehingga ramai yang menangis.
EN: In the context of film industry, 'visual storytelling' refers to the ability to convey a narrative through images and camera work rather than relying solely on dialogue. This was crucial for Ang Lee, who was still mastering English at the time.
EN: Apposition (Appositive Phrase): A noun or noun phrase placed next to another noun to explain or identify it. Here, 'a sign of great things to come' renames and explains the significance of the 'award'.
Bahasa Melayu: Aposisi (Frasa Apositif): Kata nama atau frasa nama yang diletakkan di sebelah kata nama lain untuk menerangkan atau menambah maklumat tentang kata nama tersebut. Dalam ayat ini, "a sign of great things to come" digunakan untuk menambah maklumat tentang makna "anugerah" tersebut.
She visited Paris, the city of lights.
Dia melawat Paris, kota cahaya itu.
EN: The Infinitive as an Adjective: The phrase 'to come' acts as an adjective modifying 'things', indicating something that will happen in the future.
Bahasa Melayu: Infinitif sebagai Kata Adjektif: Frasa 'to come' di sini bertindak sebagai kata adjektif yang menerangkan 'things', merujuk kepada perkara yang akan berlaku pada masa hadapan.
There are many challenges to face.
Terdapat banyak cabaran yang perlu dihadapi.
EN: NYU (New York University) is world-renowned for its Tisch School of the Arts. Winning a 'best director' award there is a significant achievement that often launches professional careers in Hollywood.
EN: The semicolon (;) is used to link two independent clauses that are closely related in thought. It functions as a stronger break than a comma but a weaker break than a period.
Bahasa Melayu: Koma bertitik (;) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua klausa bebas yang berkait rapat dari segi idea. Nada penggunaannya lebih kuat daripada koma, tetapi lebih lemah daripada noktah.
She loved the movie; he thought it was boring.
Dia sangat menyukai filem itu; dia pula berasa bosan.
EN: The preposition 'as' is used here to indicate a person's role, job, or function. It is followed by a noun phrase.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi nama 'as' digunakan di sini untuk menunjukkan peranan, pekerjaan, atau fungsi seseorang, diikuti oleh frasa nama.
He works as a software engineer at a tech company.
Dia bekerja sebagai jurutera perisian di sebuah syarikat teknologi.
EN: In many cultures, including Taiwan, there is significant social pressure on men to be the primary breadwinners. Ang Lee's period as a 'house-husband' while his wife supported him was a departure from traditional expectations, which adds depth to his eventual success story.
EN: The sentence uses a Present Participle Phrase (supporting...) as a 'reduced relative clause' or 'adverbial participle' to describe an action happening simultaneously with the main verb (stayed). It provides more information about how he spent his time.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Frasa Partisipel Kini (supporting...) sebagai 'klausa relatif yang diringkaskan', untuk menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku serentak dengan kata kerja utama (stayed), menambah maklumat tentang bagaimana dia menyokong isterinya pada masa itu.
She sat by the window, reading a book.
Dia duduk di tepi tingkap sambil membaca buku.
EN: The preposition 'as' is used here to indicate the role or capacity of a person. It identifies the function he served during those six years.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi nama "as" digunakan di sini untuk menunjukkan peranan atau kapasiti seseorang, menerangkan peranan yang dipegangnya (suami suri rumah) selama enam tahun tersebut.
He works as a software engineer.
Pekerjaannya ialah jurutera perisian.
EN: In traditional East Asian cultures, the concept of a 'house-husband' was historically rare and sometimes stigmatized due to patriarchal expectations. Ang Lee's story is often cited as an inspiring example of breaking gender roles and the importance of spousal support in achieving long-term dreams.
EN: The conjunction 'while' is used here to show contrast between two simultaneous actions or situations occurring in the past. It highlights the reversal of traditional gender roles in this specific context.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'while' digunakan di sini untuk menunjukkan kontras antara dua tindakan atau keadaan lampau yang berlaku serentak. Ia menekankan pembalikan peranan jantina tradisional dalam konteks tertentu.
She likes to read books while her brother prefers playing video games.
Dia suka membaca buku, manakala abangnya pula lebih gemar bermain permainan video.
EN: Parallel structure (parallelism) involves using the same grammatical form for multiple items in a list. Here, 'cooked', 'cleaned', and 'cared' are all in the past simple tense to maintain consistency.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur selari (Parallelism) melibatkan penggunaan bentuk tatabahasa yang sama untuk beberapa perkara dalam senarai. Di sini, 'cooked', 'cleaned', dan 'cared' semuanya menggunakan kala lampau mudah untuk mengekalkan konsistensi.
He opened the door, entered the room, and sat down.
Dia membuka pintu, masuk ke dalam bilik, kemudian duduk.
EN: In traditional East Asian cultures of the 1980s and 90s, the concept of a 'house-husband' was very rare and often carried a social stigma. Ang Lee's story is frequently cited as an example of modern partnership and the sacrifice required for artistic success.
EN: The sentence uses 'Repetition for Emphasis' (Anadiplosis). By repeating the noun 'screenplays' and following it with a relative clause, the author emphasizes the specific object and its unfortunate status.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan 'Pengulangan untuk Penekanan' (Anadiplosis). Dengan mengulang kata nama "screenplays" dan diikuti oleh klausa relatif, penulis menekankan objek tersebut dan keadaannya yang tidak mendapat perhatian pada masa itu.
She loves her garden, a garden that she spent years building.
Dia sangat menyayangi tamannya, taman yang dibina dengan penuh usaha selama bertahun-tahun.
EN: The 'Relative Clause' starting with 'that' acts as an adjective to describe the noun 'screenplays'. In this case, 'that' is the object of the verb 'buy'.
Bahasa Melayu: 'Klausa Relatif' yang bermula dengan 'that' bertindak sebagai adjektif untuk menerangkan kata nama "screenplays". Dalam kes ini, 'that' ialah objek kepada kata kerja 'buy'.
He found a book that nobody had ever read.
Dia menemui sebuah buku yang tidak pernah dibaca oleh sesiapa pun.
EN: In English storytelling, repeating a word at the end of one clause and the beginning of the next is a rhetorical device used to create rhythm and emotional weight, often highlighting a sense of struggle or persistence.
EN: The adverb 'nearly' is used to indicate that something was very close to happening but did not actually occur. It is often placed before the main verb.
Bahasa Melayu: Adverba "nearly" digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu hampir berlaku, tetapi sebenarnya tidak berlaku. Ia biasanya diletakkan sebelum kata kerja utama.
I nearly missed the train because of the heavy traffic.
Oleh kerana kesesakan lalu lintas, saya hampir terlepas kereta api.
EN: The 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) is used here as an infinitive of purpose, explaining 'why' the action in the main clause was performed.
Bahasa Melayu: 'Infinitif' (to + kata kerja) digunakan di sini sebagai infinitif tujuan, untuk menerangkan 'sebab' atau 'tujuan' tindakan dalam klausa utama.
She studied hard to pass the exam.
Dia belajar bersungguh-sungguh untuk lulus peperiksaan.
EN: The term 'real job' reflects a common cultural expectation in many societies, including Taiwan, where stable professions like engineering or medicine are prioritized over creative arts, which are often seen as unstable or hobbies.
EN: The use of 'saying' is a present participle phrase acting as an adverbial modifier. It describes an action happening simultaneously with the main verb 'encouraged', often used to introduce direct speech or additional details.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan 'saying' ialah frasa partisipel kini yang bertindak sebagai penerang adverba. Ia menerangkan tindakan yang berlaku serentak dengan kata kerja utama 'encouraged', dan sering digunakan untuk memperkenalkan petikan langsung atau menambah butiran tambahan.
She walked out of the room, smiling at everyone.
Dia keluar dari bilik sambil tersenyum kepada semua orang.
EN: The imperative mood 'Don't forget' is used to give a strong suggestion, command, or piece of advice. It is formed by using 'Do not' (or 'Don't') followed by the base form of the verb.
Bahasa Melayu: Mood imperatif 'Don't forget' digunakan untuk memberi cadangan, arahan, atau nasihat yang kuat. Strukturnya terdiri daripada 'Do not' (atau 'Don't') diikuti oleh kata kerja dasar.
Don't give up on your goals.
Jangan lepaskan matlamat anda.
EN: In many cultures, including Taiwan, the support of a spouse is often seen as a crucial factor in an artist's success, especially during long periods of financial instability. This sentence highlights the emotional labor and belief that sustained Ang Lee's career.
EN: The phrase 'That very same' is used as an emphatic adjective to stress that the time or thing mentioned is exactly the same one, often highlighting a surprising coincidence.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'That very same' digunakan sebagai kata adjektif penegas untuk menekankan bahawa masa atau perkara yang disebut adalah tepat yang sama, biasanya digunakan untuk menonjolkan kebetulan yang mengejutkan.
I ran into my old friend at that very same cafe.
Saya ternampak kawan lama saya di kafe yang sama.
EN: The Past Simple tense (won) is used here to describe a completed action that took place at a specific point in the past.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala Lampau Mudah (won) digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai yang berlaku pada titik masa tertentu pada masa lampau.
She won the gold medal in the 2012 Olympics.
Dia memenangi pingat emas di Sukan Olimpik 2012.
EN: The screenplay mentioned is 'Pushing Hands' (推手), which won a competition organized by Taiwan's Government Information Office. This was a pivotal moment in Ang Lee's career, as it provided the funding for his first feature film after six years of unemployment.
EN: The semicolon (;) is used to link two independent clauses that are closely related in thought. It functions like a period but suggests a stronger connection between the two ideas.
Bahasa Melayu: Koma bertitik (;) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua klausa bebas yang berkait rapat dari segi idea. Fungsinya serupa dengan noktah, tetapi ia menunjukkan hubungan yang lebih kuat antara kedua-dua idea tersebut.
The rain stopped; the sun began to shine.
Hujan berhenti; matahari mula bersinar.
EN: Compound adjectives (e.g., 'six-year') are formed by joining words with a hyphen. When used before a noun, the noun within the adjective (year) remains singular.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata adjektif majmuk (contohnya 'six-year') dibentuk dengan menggabungkan perkataan menggunakan tanda sempang. Apabila diletakkan sebelum kata nama sebagai penerang, kata nama dalam adjektif (year) mesti kekal dalam bentuk tunggal.
He went on a ten-mile run this morning.
Dia melakukan larian sejauh sepuluh batu pagi ini.
EN: In many cultures, especially in East Asian contexts like Ang Lee's, the 'turning point' often follows a long period of quiet perseverance (like his six years as a house-husband), which is highly respected as a sign of character.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: pengetua sekolah
Dalam konteks: kekecewaan
Dalam konteks: luar biasa, menarik perhatian
Dalam konteks: menganggur, tiada pekerjaan
Dalam konteks: ahli mikrobiologi
Dalam konteks: skrip filem
Dalam konteks: mendaftar, menyertai (kursus atau sekolah)
Dalam konteks: berprestij, terkenal
Dalam konteks: titik perubahan, detik penting
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To move to the next stage or activity after finishing something else.
Terus melakukan, beralih ke
A man who stays at home to cook, clean, and take care of the children while his wife works.
Bapa rumah tangga
A time when a decisive change in a situation occurs, especially one with a beneficial result.
Titik perubahan
Used to emphasize that something happened more than once, often unexpectedly.
Bukan sekali, tetapi dua kali
The person who oversees the creative aspects of a film, including directing actors and technical staff.
Pengarah
A written work by screenwriters for a film, television program, or video game.
Lakon layar
The process of telling a story through the use of visual media (images, video, etc.) rather than just words.
Penceritaan visual