Steve Jobs at Stanford: Love, Loss, and Looking at DeathSteve Jobs di Stanford: Cinta, Kehilangan, dan Menatap Kematian
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EN: Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past. In this sentence, 'had founded' happened before 'fired'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala lampau sempurna (had + kata kerja lampau): Digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai sebelum tindakan lain pada masa lampau. Dalam ayat ini, "menubuhkan syarikat" berlaku sebelum "dipecat".
She had finished her homework before she went out to play.
Dia telah menyiapkan kerja rumahnya sebelum keluar bermain.
EN: Subordinating Conjunction 'After': Used to introduce a dependent clause that indicates the sequence of events. It connects the earlier event to the main event.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung subordinat 'After': Digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa subordinat yang menunjukkan urutan peristiwa. Ia menghubungkan peristiwa yang berlaku lebih awal dengan peristiwa utama.
After the rain stopped, we went for a walk.
Selepas hujan berhenti, kami pergi berjalan-jalan.
EN: The 'garage' is a powerful symbol in American business culture, representing the humble beginnings of iconic tech giants like Apple, Google, and Amazon. It emphasizes the 'American Dream' where innovation can start anywhere.
EN: The Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or point in time in the past.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala lampau sempurna (had + kata kerja lampau) digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai sebelum tindakan atau masa lampau yang lain.
She realized she had lost her keys after she reached home.
Dia baru menyedari bahawa dia telah kehilangan kunci selepas dia pulang ke rumah.
EN: The conjunction 'because' introduces a subordinate clause of reason, explaining the cause of the situation described in the main clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung "because" memperkenalkan klausa subordinat sebab, untuk menjelaskan sebab keadaan yang diterangkan dalam klausa utama.
The match was canceled because it rained heavily.
Perlawanan itu dibatalkan kerana hujan turun dengan lebat.
EN: This sentence refers to Steve Jobs being fired from Apple, the company he co-founded. In Western business culture, it is a famous example of how a major setback can lead to future innovation and personal growth.
EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used to emphasize the person or thing that experiences an action rather than the person or thing that performs the action.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara pasif (be + kata kerja lampau): Digunakan untuk menekankan penerima tindakan, bukan pelaku tindakan. Dalam ayat ini, "perasaan berat" digantikan oleh "perasaan ringan".
The old building was replaced by a modern shopping mall.
Bangunan lama itu digantikan oleh pusat membeli-belah moden.
EN: Gerunds as Objects of Prepositions: The word 'being' is a gerund (verb + -ing acting as a noun) used after the preposition 'of' to describe a state.
Bahasa Melayu: Gerund sebagai objek kata sendi: Perkataan 'being' ialah gerund (kata kerja + -ing yang digunakan sebagai kata nama), yang mengikuti kata sendi 'of', untuk menerangkan sesuatu keadaan.
She enjoys the feeling of being independent.
Dia menikmati perasaan berdikari ini.
EN: This quote is from Steve Jobs' 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech. It reflects a Zen-like philosophy (Shoshin or 'Beginner's Mind') where losing everything can be a liberating experience that fosters creativity by removing the fear of maintaining success.
EN: The verb 'allow' is commonly used in the pattern 'allow someone to do something', which means to give permission or make it possible for someone to perform an action.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "allow" sering digunakan dalam pola "allow someone to do something", yang bermaksud "membenarkan seseorang melakukan sesuatu" atau "membolehkan seseorang melakukan sesuatu".
The scholarship allowed her to study abroad.
Biasiswa ini membolehkannya belajar di luar negara.
EN: The phrase 'one of the + superlative adjective + plural noun' is used to identify a specific item that belongs to a group of extreme examples.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "one of the + kata sifat superlatif + kata nama jamak" digunakan untuk merujuk kepada satu item tertentu yang tergolong dalam kumpulan yang melampau.
This is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
Ini adalah salah satu bandar paling cantik di dunia.
EN: This sentence refers to Steve Jobs' perspective on his firing from Apple. In American entrepreneurial culture, failure or being fired is often reframed as a 'blessing in disguise' or a chance for a 'fresh start,' emphasizing resilience and the value of a 'beginner's mind.'
EN: The past participle 'called' is used here as a reduced relative clause (which was called), acting as an adjective to modify the noun 'company'.
Bahasa Melayu: Partisipel lampau "called" digunakan di sini sebagai klausa relatif yang diringkaskan (iaitu which was called), berfungsi sebagai kata adjektif untuk menerangkan kata nama "company" (syarikat).
She lives in a small town called Riverside.
Dia tinggal di sebuah pekan kecil yang bernama Riverside.
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' introduces a defining relative clause to provide essential information about the noun 'the woman'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata ganti relatif "who" memperkenalkan klausa relatif restriktif untuk memberikan maklumat penting tentang kata nama "the woman" (wanita itu).
He is the teacher who inspired me to study art.
Dialah guru yang memberi inspirasi kepada saya untuk belajar seni.
EN: This sentence refers to a pivotal period in Steve Jobs' life after being ousted from Apple. NeXT was the computer company he founded, which eventually led to his return to Apple when they acquired it. Laurene Powell Jobs became a significant figure in philanthropy and business.
EN: The conjunction 'After' is used to introduce a subordinate clause that indicates the sequence of events. In this sentence, it shows that the creation of the film happened before the purchase of the company.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung "After" digunakan untuk memperkenalkan klausa subordinat yang menunjukkan urutan peristiwa. Dalam ayat ini, ia menunjukkan bahawa pembuatan filem berlaku sebelum pemerolehan syarikat.
After the meeting ended, we went out for dinner.
Selepas mesyuarat tamat, kami pergi makan malam.
EN: Compound Predicate: A single subject ('Apple') performs two actions ('purchased' and 'brought back') connected by the coordinating conjunction 'and'.
Bahasa Melayu: Predikat majmuk: Subjek tunggal (Apple) melakukan dua tindakan ("membeli" dan "memanggil semula") yang dihubungkan oleh kata hubung koordinat "and".
She opened the door and walked inside.
Dia membuka pintu dan masuk ke dalam.
EN: This sentence refers to a pivotal moment in tech history when Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997. Apple's acquisition of NeXT (his 'other company') led to his return, while his success at Pixar had already proven his creative leadership.
EN: The use of 'to + infinitive' (to remind) functions as an adverbial of purpose, explaining 'why' the subject performed the action of looking in the mirror.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan "to + infinitif" (to remind) berfungsi sebagai keterangan tujuan, untuk menjelaskan mengapa subjek melakukan tindakan "bercermin".
She saved money to buy a new car.
Dia menyimpan wang untuk membeli kereta baharu.
EN: The phrase 'in a row' is an idiomatic expression used to describe things happening one after another without interruption.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa "in a row" ialah ungkapan idiomatik yang digunakan untuk menerangkan perkara yang berlaku berturut-turut tanpa henti, bermaksud "secara berturut-turut".
It rained for three days in a row.
Hujan turun selama tiga hari berturut-turut.
EN: This sentence reflects a famous philosophy of Steve Jobs, emphasizing self-reflection and the courage to make changes when one is no longer satisfied with their daily life. It highlights the importance of personal agency.
EN: Second Conditional: Used to talk about hypothetical or imaginary situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + subject + past simple (were), subject + would + verb'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kondisional kedua (bertentangan dengan fakta sekarang): Digunakan untuk menerangkan situasi hipotetikal atau khayalan pada masa kini atau masa hadapan. Strukturnya ialah "If + subjek + kata kerja lampau (kata kerja be menggunakan were), subjek + would + kata kerja dasar".
If I were a bird, I would fly to you.
Jika saya seekor burung, saya akan terbang kepada anda.
EN: Be about to: A fixed expression used to describe an action that will happen very soon in the immediate future.
Bahasa Melayu: Be about to: Ungkapan tetap yang digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan atau peristiwa yang akan berlaku dalam masa terdekat.
The movie is about to start, so please sit down.
Filem akan bermula, jadi sila duduk dengan baik.
EN: This quote is from Steve Jobs' 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech. It reflects a Zen-like focus on mortality as a tool to prioritize what truly matters in life, a philosophy that influenced his leadership at Apple.
EN: The verb 'diagnose' is commonly used with the pattern 'diagnose someone with something' to indicate the identification of a specific medical condition or illness.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "diagnose" (mendiagnosis) biasanya digunakan dengan pola "diagnose someone with something", untuk menunjukkan bahawa seseorang didiagnosis dengan penyakit atau keadaan perubatan tertentu.
The specialist diagnosed her with a rare skin condition.
Pakar mendiagnosisnya dengan penyakit kulit yang jarang berlaku.
EN: Reported speech with 'warned that': When reporting a warning, the conjunction 'that' introduces a subordinate clause. Since the main verb 'warned' is in the past tense, the verb in the clause shifts to the past tense ('had') to maintain backshift consistency.
Bahasa Melayu: Ucapan tak langsung dengan 'warned that': Apabila melaporkan amaran, kata hubung "that" memperkenalkan klausa. Oleh kerana kata kerja utama "warned" adalah kala lampau, kata kerja dalam klausa juga perlu ditukar kepada kala lampau (had) untuk mengekalkan keselarasan kala (peralihan kala).
The teacher warned that the exam would be difficult.
Guru memberi amaran bahawa peperiksaan akan menjadi sukar.
EN: In Western medical contexts, doctors are often direct about a prognosis, even when it is terminal. This reflects a cultural emphasis on patient autonomy and the right to know one's medical status to make personal arrangements.
EN: The sentence uses a relative clause starting with 'that' to provide more information about the noun 'cancer'. This is a defining relative clause, which identifies exactly what kind of cancer is being discussed.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan klausa relatif yang dimulakan dengan 'that' untuk memberikan maklumat lanjut tentang kata nama 'cancer' (kanser). Ini ialah penggunaan restriktif, untuk menjelaskan jenis kanser yang tertentu.
He found a solution that could solve the problem quickly.
Dia menemui penyelesaian yang dapat menyelesaikan masalah dengan cepat.
EN: The passive voice 'could be cured' is used to focus on the person or thing receiving the action (the cancer) rather than the person performing the surgery.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara pasif 'could be cured' (boleh disembuhkan) digunakan untuk menumpukan perhatian kepada penerima tindakan (kanser), bukan orang yang melakukan pembedahan.
The broken window could be repaired by a professional.
Tingkap yang pecah ini boleh dibaiki oleh profesional.
EN: The structure 'describe A as B' is used to define or characterize something in a specific way. 'As' functions as a preposition here.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur "describe A as B" (menerangkan A sebagai B) digunakan untuk mendefinisikan atau mencirikan sesuatu dengan cara tertentu. Di sini, "as" digunakan sebagai kata sendi.
She described the experience as a turning point in her career.
Dia menggambarkan pengalaman itu sebagai titik perubahan dalam kerjayanya.
EN: A relative clause starting with 'that' is used to provide essential information about the preceding noun (the antecedent). In this sentence, 'that requires...' modifies 'a change agent'.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif yang dimulakan dengan "that" digunakan untuk memberikan maklumat penting tentang anteseden (kata nama sebelumnya). Dalam ayat ini, "that requires..." menerangkan "a change agent" (agen perubahan).
He has a vision that inspires everyone in the team.
Dia mempunyai visi yang dapat memberi inspirasi kepada semua orang dalam pasukan.
EN: This sentence reflects Steve Jobs' philosophical view on mortality, which he famously shared in his 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech. He viewed death not as a tragedy, but as a necessary tool for clearing out the old to make way for the new.
EN: The verb 'waste' is followed by an object (time/money) and then a present participle (V-ing) to describe the activity on which the resource is spent.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja "waste" (membazir) diikuti oleh objek (masa/wang) dan kemudian partisipel kini (V-ing), untuk menerangkan aktiviti yang dilakukan.
Don't waste your weekend worrying about work.
Jangan bazirkan hujung minggu dengan bimbang tentang kerja.
EN: The imperative mood is used to give commands or advice. 'Stay' followed by an adjective means to remain in a certain state or condition.
Bahasa Melayu: Modus imperatif digunakan untuk memberi arahan atau nasihat. "Stay" diikuti oleh kata adjektif, bermaksud mengekalkan keadaan atau situasi tertentu.
Stay calm and focused during the exam.
Kekal tenang dan fokus semasa peperiksaan.
EN: This is one of Steve Jobs' most famous quotes from his 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech. 'Stay hungry' implies never being satisfied and always pushing for more, while 'Stay foolish' encourages taking risks that others might think are unwise.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: Menubuhkan, menubuhkan (syarikat atau organisasi)
Dalam konteks: Sangat mengejutkan dan menyayat hati
Dalam konteks: Cemerlang, luar biasa, patut diberi perhatian
Dalam konteks: Mendiagnosis (penyakit)
Dalam konteks: Tumor
Dalam konteks: Destinasi, tempat akhir
Dalam konteks: Intuisi
Dalam konteks: Terhad
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
One after another without a break; consecutively.
Berturut-turut, bertali-arus
Created or produced using computer graphics software to create moving images.
Animasi komputer
To maintain a strong desire to achieve more and never be satisfied with current success.
Kekal lapar, tidak pernah berpuas hati
To be willing to take risks and try things that others might think are unrealistic or silly.
Kekal bodoh, berani mengambil risiko