NegotiationPerundingan
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EN: The phrasal verb 'squeeze in' implies fitting an activity into a very tight or busy schedule, often suggesting that the person being addressed is doing a favor by making time.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kerja “squeeze in” bermaksud meluangkan masa dalam jadual yang sangat padat, selalunya membayangkan bahawa pihak lain sengaja meluangkan masa atau memberikan bantuan.
I managed to squeeze in a quick workout before the meeting.
Saya berjaya meluangkan masa untuk senaman ringkas sebelum mesyuarat.
EN: The idiom 'pick someone's brain' is a professional yet informal way to ask for someone's expert advice or information on a specific topic.
Bahasa Melayu: Simpulan bahasa “pick someone's brain” ialah cara yang profesional tetapi tidak formal untuk meminta nasihat profesional atau mendapatkan maklumat khusus daripada seseorang.
Can I pick your brain about the new marketing strategy?
Bolehkah saya meminta pendapat anda tentang strategi pemasaran baharu?
EN: In Western business culture, 'picking someone's brain' is a common way to acknowledge the other person's expertise. It frames the request as a compliment to their intelligence rather than just a demand for their time.
EN: The verb 'sound' is a linking verb (copula) used to describe the speaker's perception of a state. It is followed by an adjective ('tense') rather than an adverb, as it describes the subject 'You' rather than the action of sounding.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja “sound” ialah kata kerja penghubung (kopula) yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan persepsi penutur terhadap sesuatu keadaan. Ia diikuti oleh kata sifat (“tense”) dan bukan kata keterangan kerana ia menerangkan keadaan subjek “You”, bukan tindakan itu sendiri.
He sounded quite discouraged after the meeting.
Dia kedengaran agak kecewa selepas mesyuarat tamat.
EN: The phrase 'What's going on?' is a versatile idiomatic expression used to ask about current events, problems, or general updates. In this context, it functions as an empathetic inquiry into someone's emotional state or situation.
Bahasa Melayu: “What's going on?” ialah simpulan bahasa yang serba boleh digunakan untuk bertanya tentang keadaan semasa, masalah atau perkembangan umum. Dalam konteks ini, ia berfungsi sebagai soalan empati yang mengambil berat tentang keadaan emosi atau situasi seseorang.
I see everyone is gathered in the hallway; what's going on?
Saya nampak semua orang berkumpul di koridor, apa yang berlaku?
EN: In professional yet friendly Western contexts, noticing and commenting on someone's emotional state (like being 'tense') is a sign of high emotional intelligence (EQ) and active listening. It shows that you are paying attention to non-verbal cues even over the phone.
EN: The Present Perfect Continuous tense ('have been in talks') is used here to emphasize the ongoing nature and duration of an action that started in the past and continues to the present moment, often implying a sense of persistence or fatigue.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala kini sempurna berterusan (“have been in talks”) digunakan di sini untuk menekankan kesinambungan dan tempoh tindakan yang bermula pada masa lalu dan berterusan hingga kini, selalunya membayangkan kegigihan atau keletihan.
They have been negotiating the merger for months without reaching a consensus.
Mereka telah berunding mengenai penggabungan itu selama berbulan-bulan, namun masih belum mencapai kata sepakat.
EN: The phrasal verb 'come in' is used in a business context to describe how a formal offer, bid, or report is received or submitted, often followed by a description of its value or quality.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kerja “come in” digunakan dalam konteks perniagaan untuk menggambarkan keadaan apabila tawaran rasmi, tender atau laporan diterima atau dikemukakan, dan selalunya diikuti dengan penerangan tentang nilai atau kualitinya.
The final estimates came in much lower than we initially anticipated.
Anggaran akhir yang diterima jauh lebih rendah daripada jangkaan awal kami.
EN: The word 'way' acts as an intensifying adverb before prepositions or adjectives (e.g., 'way over', 'way too much'), used in professional but semi-formal registers to emphasize a significant degree of difference.
Bahasa Melayu: “Way” di sini berfungsi sebagai adverba penguat yang diletakkan sebelum kata sendi atau kata sifat (seperti way over, way too much), digunakan dalam nada profesional tetapi separa formal untuk menekankan perbezaan tahap yang besar.
The project deadline is way past the original schedule.
Tarikh akhir projek itu jauh melebihi jadual asal.
EN: In Western business culture, 'being in talks' suggests a formal stage of negotiation where both parties are exploring possibilities but no contract is signed yet. Mentioning that an offer is 'way over budget' is a common starting point for the 'anchoring' and 'haggling' process described later in the dialogue.
EN: The use of 'talking' in the progressive aspect here functions as a phrasal construction 'be talking [amount]', which is used to inquire about specific quantities or scales in a conversational but professional context.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan “talking” dalam aspek berterusan di sini membentuk struktur frasa “be talking [jumlah]” untuk bertanya tentang jumlah atau skala tertentu dalam perbualan, dengan nada yang profesional dan komunikatif.
Are we talking hundreds or thousands of dollars in repairs?
Adakah kita bercakap tentang kos pembaikan beberapa ratus atau beberapa ribu ringgit?
EN: The phrase 'How far over' uses 'far' as a degree adverb to modify the prepositional phrase 'over [budget]', creating a concise way to ask about the extent of a discrepancy.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa “How far over” menggunakan “far” sebagai adverba darjah untuk mengubah suai kata sendi. Ia menekankan sejauh mana sesuatu melebihi had atau jangkaan, selalunya digunakan dalam konteks perniagaan untuk menilai lebihan.
I know the project is delayed, but how far over the deadline are we?
Berapa jauh melebihi belanjawan yang telah dibelanjakan oleh pasukan itu?
EN: The term 'ballpark figure' originates from American baseball, referring to a price or amount that is within the 'ballpark' (the stadium), meaning it is close enough to be discussed even if not exact. In business, it signals a desire for a quick estimate without the pressure of formal commitment.
EN: The use of 'which' as a sentential relative pronoun. In this structure, 'which' refers back to the entire preceding clause ('They quoted nearly double what we'd allocated') rather than just the noun immediately before it.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan 'which' sebagai kata ganti relatif yang membawa maksud "bukan pembatas" (non-restrictive), digunakan untuk menerangkan "keseluruhan klausa" sebelumnya. Dalam ayat ini, 'which' merujuk kepada keseluruhan perkara bahawa "sebut harga adalah dua kali ganda bajet", bukan hanya satu perkataan tertentu.
He arrived an hour late, which made the meeting run over schedule.
Dia lewat satu jam, yang menyebabkan kemajuan mesyuarat tertangguh.
EN: The past perfect tense ('had allocated') is used to indicate an action that was completed before another point in the past (the quoting). It establishes a clear chronological sequence in a professional context.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala lampau sempurna (had allocated) digunakan untuk menunjukkan tindakan yang telah selesai sebelum satu titik masa tertentu pada masa lampau (sebut harga). Dalam konteks profesional, ini membantu mewujudkan urutan masa dengan jelas.
By the time the project started, we had already allocated the necessary funds.
Sebelum projek bermula, kami telah memperuntukkan dana yang diperlukan.
EN: The phrasal verb 'take someone aback' is an idiomatic expression meaning to surprise or shock someone. It is often used in the passive voice or with an adverb like 'frankly' or 'completely' to emphasize the reaction.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kerja 'take someone aback' ialah ungkapan idiomatik yang bermaksud mengejutkan atau menggerunkan seseorang. Biasanya digunakan bersama kata keterangan seperti 'frankly' (secara terus terang) atau 'completely' (sepenuhnya) untuk menguatkan nada.
The sudden change in policy took the employees aback.
Perubahan dasar yang mengejutkan menyebabkan para pekerja berasa terkejut.
EN: In Western business culture, expressing surprise at a high quote using 'frankly' is a common way to signal that the price is outside the expected range without being aggressive. It opens the door for negotiation by being honest about the budget constraints.
EN: The use of 'justify' in business contexts often involves providing evidence or logical reasoning to support a specific cost or action, frequently paired with the preposition 'with'.
Bahasa Melayu: Dalam konteks perniagaan, penggunaan “justify” (membuktikan kewajaran) selalunya melibatkan penyediaan bukti atau hujah logik untuk menyokong kos atau tindakan tertentu, dan sering digunakan dengan kata sendi “with”.
The consultant justified the high fee with a comprehensive market analysis.
Perunding itu membuktikan kewajaran yuran yang tinggi dengan analisis pasaran yang terperinci.
EN: Compound nouns like 'scope of work' function as a single conceptual unit in professional English, defining the specific tasks and deliverables of a project.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata nama majmuk seperti “scope of work” (skop kerja) berfungsi sebagai satu unit konsep tunggal dalam bahasa Inggeris profesional, mentakrifkan tugas khusus dan hasil yang perlu diserahkan dalam projek.
Any changes to the scope of work must be approved by the project manager.
Sebarang perubahan pada skop kerja mesti diluluskan oleh pengurus projek.
EN: The term 'gambit' originates from chess, referring to an opening move where a player risks a minor piece to gain a later advantage. In business, it describes a calculated risk or a strategic opening move in negotiations.
EN: The use of 'They did' is an emphatic auxiliary. In response to a 'Did they...?' question, repeating the auxiliary verb 'do/did' without the main verb serves to strongly confirm the previous statement's premise.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan “They did” ialah kata kerja bantu penegas. Sebagai jawapan kepada soalan “Did they...?”, mengulangi kata kerja bantu “do/did” tanpa kata kerja utama bertujuan untuk mengesahkan dengan tegas premis ayat sebelumnya.
He said he would finish the report, and he did.
Dia kata dia akan siapkan laporan itu, dan dia memang menyiapkannya.
EN: The phrase 'or so they claimed' uses 'or so' to express skepticism or to distance the speaker from the truth of the statement. It implies that while the information was stated by others, the speaker does not necessarily vouch for its accuracy.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa “or so they claimed” menggunakan “or so” untuk menyatakan keraguan atau untuk menjarakkan penutur daripada kebenaran kenyataan tersebut. Ini membayangkan bahawa walaupun maklumat itu dinyatakan oleh orang lain, penutur tidak semestinya menjamin ketepatannya.
The product is unbreakable, or so the advertisement claims.
Produk ini tidak boleh dihancurkan, sekurang-kurangnya itulah yang didakwa oleh iklan.
EN: In Western business negotiations, the term 'non-negotiable' is often used as a high-pressure tactic. Experienced negotiators, like Nina in the context, recognize this as a 'gambit' or a starting position rather than an absolute fact. The phrase 'or so they claimed' reflects a sophisticated level of professional skepticism common in high-level deal-making.
EN: The use of 'itself' as an intensive pronoun emphasizes that the subject ('non-negotiable') embodies the very essence of the predicate ('a negotiating tactic'), often used to reveal a hidden nature or irony.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan “itself” sebagai kata ganti nama intensif menekankan bahawa subjek (“non-negotiable”) itu sendiri merangkumi intipati pelengkap (strategi rundingan), biasanya digunakan untuk mendedahkan sifat tersembunyi atau unsur ironi.
The silence itself was a form of communication.
Diam itu sendiri merupakan satu bentuk komunikasi.
EN: The Present Perfect tense ('Have you drafted...') is used here to inquire about a completed action with current relevance, specifically within the context of an ongoing business process.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala kini sempurna (“Have you drafted...”) digunakan di sini untuk menanyakan tentang tindakan yang telah selesai dan berkaitan dengan keadaan semasa, terutamanya dalam konteks proses perniagaan yang berterusan.
Have you finalized the contract yet?
Sudahkah anda memuktamadkan kontrak itu?
EN: In Western business culture, 'non-negotiable' is often viewed as a high-pressure opening gambit rather than a final ultimatum. Nina's response reflects a sophisticated understanding of negotiation as a psychological game where language is used strategically.
EN: The verb 'second-guess' is used here as a present continuous participle to describe a state of self-doubt or re-evaluating a decision after it has been made. It implies a lack of confidence in one's initial judgment.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi “within” dalam frasa “within the scope” menetapkan sempadan atau had yang jelas untuk tindakan atau keputusan. Ia menekankan pematuhan kepada parameter yang dipersetujui, yang penting dalam rundingan kontrak.
Stop second-guessing your intuition; you made the right call.
Keputusan itu berada dalam bidang kuasa jawatankuasa.
EN: The phrasal verb 'strip out' means to remove something from a larger whole, often to simplify a process or reduce costs. It is more forceful than 'remove' and common in business contexts.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja “table” dalam bahasa Inggeris perniagaan mempunyai makna yang berbeza dalam konteks yang berbeza. Dalam bahasa Inggeris Amerika, ia bermaksud menangguhkan perbincangan; dalam bahasa Inggeris British, ia bermaksud mengemukakan perkara untuk perbincangan.
We need to strip out all unnecessary expenses from the budget.
Mari kita ketepikan isu ini buat masa ini dan fokus pada perkara yang lebih mendesak.
EN: The structure 'instead of' is a compound preposition used to indicate a substitution. In this context, it contrasts 'staggered payments' (incremental) with 'lump sum' (all at once).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja “concede” bermaksud mengakui atau memberi laluan dalam sesuatu perkara, selalunya dengan berat hati. Dalam rundingan, ia digunakan untuk menunjukkan kompromi atau pengiktirafan terhadap hujah pihak lawan.
They chose to invest in R&D instead of marketing this quarter.
Mereka memilih untuk melabur dalam penyelidikan dan pembangunan pada suku ini, bukan pemasaran.
EN: In Western business negotiations, 'second-guessing' is a common internal process, but openly admitting it to a trusted colleague (like Nina) shows a high level of professional intimacy. The terms 'staggered payments' and 'lump sum' are standard financial jargon used to discuss cash flow management.
EN: The use of the present continuous tense ('You're reframing') here functions as a performative or evaluative observation, describing the speaker's current strategy or approach in a dynamic way rather than just stating a static fact.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan kala kini berterusan (“You're reframing”) di sini berfungsi sebagai pemerhatian penilaian yang menggambarkan secara dinamik strategi atau pendekatan semasa penutur, bukannya sekadar menyatakan fakta statik.
You're playing a dangerous game by withholding that information.
Awak bermain permainan berbahaya dengan menyembunyikan maklumat itu.
EN: The structure 'rather than' is used to contrast two actions, where the second action (haggling) is presented as a less desirable or more simplistic alternative to the first (reframing). It is often followed by a gerund (-ing) when the preceding verb is also in a continuous form.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur “rather than” digunakan untuk membezakan dua tindakan, di mana tindakan kedua (haggling) dianggap sebagai alternatif yang kurang ideal atau lebih ringkas berbanding tindakan pertama (reframing). Apabila kata kerja di hadapan berbentuk kala kini berterusan, kata kerja selepasnya biasanya diikuti dengan gerund (-ing).
We should focus on building relationships rather than just hitting targets.
Kita patut fokus pada membina hubungan, bukan sekadar mencapai sasaran.
EN: In high-level Western business negotiations, 'haggling' is often viewed as a low-level, transactional activity associated with street markets. 'Reframing' is considered a sophisticated cognitive and strategic skill. Using the word 'shrewd' is a high compliment, acknowledging someone's sharp judgment and practical intelligence.
EN: The use of 'One thing I'd suggest is...' serves as a focusing structure (pseudo-cleft sentence). It highlights the specific advice being given, making the statement more authoritative yet diplomatically phrased.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan “One thing I'd suggest is...” berfungsi sebagai struktur fokus (pseudo-cleft). Ia menekankan cadangan khusus yang diberikan, menjadikan kenyataan itu lebih berwibawa sambil mengekalkan nada diplomatik yang berhati-hati.
One thing we must consider is the long-term impact on brand reputation.
Satu perkara yang perlu kita pertimbangkan ialah kesan jangka panjang terhadap reputasi jenama.
EN: The gerund 'anchoring' functions as a subject complement following the copula 'is'. In business negotiation, 'anchoring' is a technical term referring to the practice of establishing a reference point for the discussion.
Bahasa Melayu: Gerund “anchoring” berfungsi sebagai pelengkap subjek selepas kata kerja penghubung “is”. Dalam rundingan perniagaan, “anchoring” (penambat) ialah istilah profesional yang merujuk kepada tindakan mewujudkan titik rujukan asas untuk perbincangan.
By anchoring the price early, they controlled the entire negotiation.
Dengan menambat harga lebih awal, mereka mengawal keseluruhan proses rundingan.
EN: The use of 'not' to contrast two noun phrases ('shared interests' vs 'opposing positions') is a sophisticated way to clarify intent by negation, often used in C2-level rhetoric to define a concept by what it is not.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan “not” untuk membezakan dua frasa nama (“shared interests” berbanding “opposing positions”) ialah teknik lanjutan untuk menjelaskan niat melalui penafian, sering digunakan dalam retorik tahap C2 untuk memperjelas konsep dengan mendefinisikan apa yang bukan.
We seek a partnership based on growth, not mere survival.
Perkongsian yang kami cari adalah berasaskan pertumbuhan, bukan sekadar kelangsungan hidup.
EN: In Western business culture, especially in high-level negotiations, there is a shift from 'distributive bargaining' (win-lose) to 'integrative negotiation' (win-win). The phrase 'anchoring in shared interests' reflects the Harvard Negotiation Project's principle of 'principled negotiation,' which emphasizes looking for mutual gains.
EN: The use of 'finding' here is a gerund acting as the direct object of the verb 'mean'. In this context, 'You mean...' is an elliptical question form (short for 'Do you mean...') used to verify understanding by rephrasing the interlocutor's previous statement.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan “finding” di sini ialah gerund yang bertindak sebagai objek langsung bagi kata kerja “mean”. Dalam konteks ini, “You mean...” ialah soalan elips (asalnya “Do you mean...”) yang digunakan untuk mengesahkan pemahaman dengan mengulangi pandangan pihak lain.
You mean postponing the launch until next quarter?
Adakah maksud anda menangguhkan pelancaran ke suku tahun hadapan?
EN: The word 'where' introduces a nominal relative clause (also known as a free relative clause). It functions as the object of the gerund 'finding', representing the specific conceptual area or point of intersection between two sets of goals.
Bahasa Melayu: “Where” di sini memperkenalkan klausa relatif nama (juga dikenali sebagai klausa relatif bebas). Ia berfungsi sebagai objek bagi gerund “finding”, mewakili kawasan konsep atau titik persilangan khusus antara dua set matlamat.
We need to identify where our interests align.
Kita perlu mengenal pasti di mana kepentingan kita sejajar.
EN: The possessive pronoun 'theirs' is used to avoid repetition of the noun phrase 'their goals'. In professional negotiation contexts, using possessive pronouns maintains conciseness while clearly contrasting two parties.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata ganti nama milik “theirs” digunakan untuk mengelakkan pengulangan frasa nama “their goals”. Dalam konteks rundingan profesional, penggunaan kata ganti nama milik mengekalkan kejelasan sambil membezakan kedua-dua pihak dengan ringkas.
Our strategy is aggressive, while theirs is more conservative.
Strategi kami agresif, manakala strategi mereka lebih konservatif.
EN: In Western business negotiation, 'active listening' is a critical skill. Rephrasing the other person's point as a question (as Emma does here) demonstrates that you are engaged and helps prevent costly misunderstandings before moving to the next stage of the deal.
EN: The use of 'fertile ground' is a metaphorical extension of agricultural terminology used to describe a situation or environment that is highly conducive to a particular outcome or development.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan “fertile ground” (tanah subur) ialah kiasan daripada istilah pertanian untuk menggambarkan keadaan atau persekitaran yang sangat kondusif untuk menghasilkan hasil atau perkembangan tertentu.
The current economic climate provides fertile ground for tech startups to flourish.
Iklim ekonomi semasa menyediakan tanah yang subur untuk perkembangan pesat syarikat pemula teknologi.
EN: The zero conditional structure (If + present simple, present simple) is used here to express a logical consequence or a general truth within the context of negotiation logic.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur ayat bersyarat sifar (If + present simple, present simple) digunakan di sini untuk menyatakan hasil logik atau kebenaran umum dalam logik rundingan.
If both parties agree on the core values, the contract becomes a formality.
Jika kedua-dua pihak mencapai persetujuan mengenai nilai teras, kontrak hanyalah formaliti.
EN: In Western business culture, negotiation is often viewed as a collaborative problem-solving process rather than a zero-sum game. The phrase 'fertile ground for compromise' reflects this mindset, emphasizing the search for 'win-win' scenarios where both parties' interests overlap.
EN: The modal verb 'could' is used here to express a tentative suggestion or a possibility in a negotiation context, making the proposal sound more professional and less aggressive than 'will' or 'can'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja bantu “could” digunakan di sini untuk menyatakan cadangan yang berhati-hati atau kemungkinan dalam rundingan, menjadikan tawaran itu kedengaran lebih profesional dan kurang agresif berbanding “will” atau “can”.
We could explore a partnership if the initial results are promising.
Jika keputusan awal menggalakkan, kami boleh meneroka kemungkinan untuk menjalinkan perkongsian.
EN: The use of 'at a [adjective] rate' is a standard business collocation to describe pricing structures. 'Per project' acts as a distributive prepositional phrase indicating the unit of cost.
Bahasa Melayu: “At a [adjective] rate” ialah kolokasi perniagaan standard untuk menerangkan struktur harga. “Per project” sebagai frasa sendi distributif menunjukkan unit pengebilan.
The consultant charges at a flat rate per hour.
Perunding itu mengenakan kadar tetap setiap jam.
EN: In Western business culture, a 'retainer' is a common way to secure long-term services. Offering 'volume' (more work) in exchange for 'flexibility' (lower rates) is a classic win-win negotiation tactic known as 'expanding the pie'.
EN: The use of the imperative mood followed by a semicolon and a parallel clause functions as a conditional structure (If you do X, then Y). It is a concise, rhetorical way to express a logical consequence in professional or persuasive contexts.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan ayat perintah yang diikuti oleh koma bertitik dan klausa selari berfungsi sama seperti ayat bersyarat (jika anda melakukan X, maka Y). Ini ialah cara yang ringkas dan berkesan dari segi retorik, sering digunakan dalam konteks profesional atau persuasif untuk menyatakan akibat logik.
Show them the data; they will grant the extension.
Tunjukkan data kepada mereka, dan mereka akan meluluskan lanjutan masa.
EN: The preposition 'on' is used here to specify the domain or scope of the noun 'flexibility'. In business English, 'flexibility on [topic]' indicates a willingness to compromise or adjust specific aspects of a deal.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata depan "on" digunakan di sini untuk menentukan skop atau bidang kata nama "flexibility" (fleksibiliti). Dalam bahasa Inggeris perniagaan, "flexibility on [topik]" menunjukkan kesediaan untuk berkompromi atau membuat penyesuaian dalam aspek tertentu urus niaga.
We need more flexibility on the delivery dates.
Kita perlu lebih fleksibel mengenai tarikh penghantaran.
EN: In high-level business negotiations, 'volume' refers to the quantity of business or the size of a contract. Offering volume in exchange for better terms is a classic 'win-win' strategy where the service provider gets guaranteed work and the client gets a lower unit price or more favorable conditions.
EN: The use of the comparative adjective 'clearer' as a subject complement after the linking verb 'feel' indicates a change in mental state or clarity resulting from the preceding discussion.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan kata sifat perbandingan “clearer” sebagai pelengkap subjek selepas kata kerja penghubung “feel” menunjukkan perubahan dalam keadaan mental atau kejelasan pemikiran penutur selepas perbincangan sebelum ini.
After reviewing the data, the solution became much clearer to the team.
Selepas menyemak data, penyelesaian itu menjadi lebih jelas kepada pasukan.
EN: The future tense 'I'll' (I will) is used here to express a firm decision or commitment made at the moment of speaking, common in professional negotiations.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala masa hadapan “I'll” (I will) digunakan di sini untuk menyatakan keputusan atau komitmen yang kukuh yang dibuat pada masa pertuturan, yang sangat lazim dalam situasi rundingan profesional.
I'll finalize the contract details and send them over by EOD.
Saya akan memuktamadkan butiran kontrak dan menghantarnya sebelum tamat waktu kerja hari ini.
EN: In Western business culture, meeting a 'deadline' is crucial for maintaining professional credibility. Mentioning a specific timeline (tonight, before their deadline) demonstrates reliability and a proactive attitude in a high-stakes negotiation.
EN: The use of a gerund phrase ('walking away') as a subject followed by the copula 'is' creates a definitive, axiomatic statement. This structure is often used in professional contexts to state fundamental principles or non-negotiable truths.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan frasa gerund (walking away) sebagai subjek yang diikuti oleh kata kerja penghubung (is) mewujudkan kenyataan yang berwibawa dan jelas dengan sendirinya. Struktur ini sering digunakan dalam konteks profesional untuk menyatakan prinsip asas atau fakta yang tidak boleh dipertikaikan.
Maintaining transparency is essential for long-term partnerships.
Kekalkan ketelusan adalah penting untuk perkongsian jangka panjang.
EN: The word 'alone' functions as an adverbial intensifier following a noun phrase ('That leverage'). It emphasizes that the mere existence of the subject is sufficient to cause the effect, without needing any additional factors.
Bahasa Melayu: Perkataan “alone” berfungsi sebagai penguat adverba yang mengikuti frasa nama (That leverage). Ia menekankan bahawa kewujudan subjek itu sendiri sudah cukup untuk memberi kesan, tanpa memerlukan faktor tambahan lain.
The brand name alone justifies the premium price tag.
Nama jenama itu sahaja sudah cukup untuk menyokong harganya yang tinggi.
EN: In Western business negotiation culture, the 'Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement' (BATNA) is a crucial concept. Nina is reminding Emma that having a strong BATNA (the ability to walk away) provides psychological and tactical power, even if it is never used.
EN: The phrase 'keep someone posted' is an idiomatic expression meaning to keep someone informed of the latest developments. It is often followed by 'on' + noun phrase or 'about' + noun phrase.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa “keep someone posted” ialah simpulan bahasa yang bermaksud “sentiasa memaklumkan perkembangan terkini kepada seseorang”. Ia biasanya diikuti dengan “on” atau “about” serta frasa nama.
Please keep me posted on any changes to the itinerary.
Sila maklumkan saya sekiranya ada sebarang perubahan pada jadual perjalanan.
EN: The noun clause 'how the deal unfolds' acts as the object of the preposition 'on'. In this context, 'unfold' is an intransitive verb used metaphorically to describe how a situation develops over time.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa nama “how the deal unfolds” berfungsi sebagai objek bagi kata sendi “on”. Dalam konteks ini, “unfold” ialah kata kerja tak transitif yang secara metafora menggambarkan proses sesuatu keadaan berkembang atau terdedah dari semasa ke semasa.
We are waiting to see how the election results unfold.
Kami sedang menunggu untuk melihat bagaimana keputusan pilihan raya itu berkembang.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'on me' is a common informal way to indicate who is paying for a meal or drink. It functions as a subject complement in this structure.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi “on me” ialah cara tidak formal yang lazim untuk menunjukkan siapa yang membayar. Dalam struktur ini, ia berfungsi sebagai pelengkap subjek.
Don't worry about the bill; drinks are on the house tonight.
Jangan risau tentang bil; minuman malam ini dijamu oleh pihak kedai.
EN: In Western business culture, 'Lunch is on me' is a common way to show appreciation after receiving advice or a favor. It signals a reciprocal relationship rather than just a financial transaction. Also, 'Noted' is a very efficient, professional way to acknowledge information without being overly wordy.
EN: The idiom 'hold someone to something' means to demand that someone fulfill a promise or act according to what they have said. It implies accountability and is often used in semi-formal or casual negotiations.
Bahasa Melayu: Simpulan bahasa “hold someone to something” bermaksud menuntut seseorang menunaikan janji atau bertindak mengikut apa yang mereka katakan. Ini membayangkan pertanggungjawaban dan sering digunakan dalam konteks rundingan separa formal atau tidak formal.
You promised to help me move this weekend, and I'm going to hold you to that.
Awak berjanji untuk membantu saya berpindah hujung minggu ini, dan saya akan menuntut awak menunaikan janji itu.
EN: The use of 'Go' followed by another base verb (bare infinitive) is a common colloquial imperative structure used to encourage or command immediate action. In formal grammar, it would be 'Go and close'.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan “Go” diikuti oleh kata kerja dasar yang lain (infinitif tanpa “to”) ialah struktur ayat perintah lisan yang lazim untuk menggalakkan atau mengarahkan tindakan segera. Dalam tatabahasa formal, ini selalunya ditulis sebagai “Go and close”.
Go tell him the news before he leaves.
Pergi beritahu dia berita itu sebelum dia pergi.
EN: In Western business culture, 'I'll hold you to that' is a common way to playfully accept an offer (like a free lunch) while signaling that the agreement is now firm. 'Close the deal' is a standard idiom in sales and high-level negotiations, emphasizing the finalization of an agreement.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: Memperuntukkan, mengagihkan (dana atau sumber)
Dalam konteks: Strategi, langkah pembukaan (untuk mendapatkan kelebihan)
Dalam konteks: Hasil yang boleh diserahkan, produk atau perkhidmatan yang perlu dihantar
Dalam konteks: Berperingkat, dijalankan secara berfasa (seperti pembayaran)
Dalam konteks: Bijak, tajam akal
Dalam konteks: Membingkai semula, mentafsir atau membentangkan semula dari sudut yang berbeza
Dalam konteks: Tawar-menawar (mengenai harga atau syarat)
Dalam konteks: Penambat, penetapan (dalam rundingan, merujuk kepada menetapkan titik rujukan)
Dalam konteks: Kesinambungan, keberterusan
Dalam konteks: Kuasa rundingan, kelebihan tawar-menawar
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To ask someone's advice or opinion about something they know a lot about.
meminta nasihat atau pendapat seseorang
To manage to find time for someone or something despite being very busy.
meluangkan masa (untuk berjumpa atau melakukan sesuatu)
To surprise or shock someone so much that they do not know what to say or do.
mengejutkan saya, membuat saya terpinga-pinga
An approximate number or estimate.
angka anggaran, anggaran
To expect someone to do what they have promised or said they will do.
memegang janji anda, menganggap serius
A calculated move or remark at the beginning of a negotiation intended to gain an advantage.
Strategi pembukaan
A detailed document that outlines the specific tasks, deliverables, and boundaries of a project.
Skop kerja (SOW)
The tangible or intangible products or results that must be provided to a client upon completion of a project.
Hasil serahan
A payment schedule where the total amount is paid in smaller portions over a period of time.
Pembayaran berperingkat
A single payment made at one time of a large amount, as opposed to a series of smaller payments.
Bayaran sekaligus
A cognitive bias where an individual relies too heavily on an initial piece of information (the 'anchor') when making decisions.
Kesan sauh (Anchoring)
A fee paid in advance to a professional (like a lawyer or agency) to secure their services whenever needed.
Yuran pendahuluan / Retainer
The quantity or amount of business, production, or sales.
Volum perniagaan / Jumlah jualan