EN: Non-restrictive Relative Clause: The word 'where' introduces a non-restrictive relative clause that provides extra information about the place 'Leicester, England'. It is separated by a comma and can be replaced by 'in which'.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif bukan pembatas: Perkataan 'where' memperkenalkan klausa relatif bukan pembatas, yang memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang tempat 'Leicester, England'. Klausa jenis ini biasanya dipisahkan dengan koma dan boleh digantikan dengan 'in which'.
She moved to Paris, where she studied art for three years.
Dia berpindah ke Paris, di mana dia belajar seni selama tiga tahun.
EN: Possessive Case ('s): The apostrophe followed by 's' is used to show ownership or relationship. Here, it indicates that the story belongs to or is about David Attenborough.
Bahasa Melayu: Kes milikan ('s): Apostrof diikuti dengan 's' digunakan untuk menunjukkan pemilikan atau hubungan. Di sini, ia menunjukkan bahawa cerita ini adalah tentang David Attenborough.
The teacher's book is on the desk.
Buku guru itu berada di atas meja.
EN: Leicester is a historic city in the East Midlands of England. It is known for its diverse culture and was the place where David Attenborough's father worked as a university principal, which provided David with access to academic resources from a young age.
EN: The phrase 'be fascinated by' is a passive construction used to express a strong interest or attraction to something. 'Fascinated' acts as a past participle adjective describing the subject's state.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'be fascinated by' ialah binaan pasif yang digunakan untuk menyatakan minat atau kekaguman yang kuat terhadap sesuatu. 'Fascinated' sebagai adjektif past participle menerangkan keadaan mental subjek.
She was fascinated by the ancient ruins of Greece.
Dia sangat kagum dengan runtuhan purba di Greece.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'from a young age' is a common idiom used to indicate that a habit, interest, or state began during childhood.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi nama 'from a young age' ialah idiom biasa yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahawa tabiat, minat, atau keadaan bermula sejak zaman kanak-kanak.
He showed a talent for music from a young age.
Dia menunjukkan bakat muzik sejak kecil.
EN: The structure 'spend + time + V-ing' is used to indicate how much time is dedicated to a specific activity. The verb following the time duration must be in the present participle (gerund) form.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur 'spend + masa + V-ing' digunakan untuk menunjukkan berapa banyak masa yang diluangkan untuk aktiviti tertentu. Kata kerja selepas tempoh masa mesti menggunakan bentuk present participle (gerund).
She spent the whole afternoon reading a novel.
Dia menghabiskan sepanjang petang membaca novel.
EN: The past simple tense is used here to describe completed actions or habits in the past. 'Spent' is the irregular past tense form of 'spend'.
Bahasa Melayu: Past simple tense digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan atau tabiat yang telah selesai pada masa lalu. 'Spent' ialah bentuk past tense tidak tetap bagi 'spend'.
They visited the museum last weekend.
Mereka melawat muzium pada hujung minggu lepas.
EN: In the mid-20th century, it was common for British children to explore the countryside and collect natural specimens like fossils or bird eggs. Today, collecting wild bird eggs is illegal in the UK under the Wildlife and Countryside Act to protect biodiversity.
EN: The verb 'lead' (past tense: 'led') is often used in the pattern 'lead someone to do something,' meaning to cause or influence someone to take a specific course of action.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'lead' (past tense: 'led') sering digunakan dalam pola 'lead someone to do something', yang bermaksud menyebabkan atau mempengaruhi seseorang untuk mengambil tindakan tertentu.
Her curiosity led her to explore the abandoned house.
Rasa ingin tahunya membawanya untuk meneroka rumah terbiar itu.
EN: The infinitive 'to study' functions as an object complement here, completing the meaning of what the object 'him' was led to do.
Bahasa Melayu: Infinitif 'to study' di sini berfungsi sebagai objek komplemen, melengkapkan penerangan tentang tindakan yang 'him' dibawa untuk lakukan.
The coach encouraged him to practice every day.
Jurulatih menggalakkannya untuk berlatih setiap hari.
EN: In the UK, 'at university' is used without an article (like 'at school'), whereas in American English, people often say 'at a university' or 'in college'.
EN: The verb 'become' is a linking verb (copula) used to describe a change in state or identity. It connects the subject to a subject complement (a noun or adjective) that identifies or describes the subject.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'become' ialah kata kerja penghubung (kopula) yang digunakan untuk menerangkan perubahan keadaan atau identiti. Ia menghubungkan subjek dengan komplemen subjek (kata nama atau adjektif) untuk mengenal pasti atau menerangkan subjek.
The small town became a bustling city over the decade.
Pekan kecil itu berubah menjadi bandar yang sibuk dalam tempoh sepuluh tahun.
EN: The preposition 'for' is used here to indicate purpose or function, showing what the 'foundation' was intended to support or lead to.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi 'for' di sini digunakan untuk menunjukkan tujuan atau fungsi, menerangkan apa yang 'asas' ini sokong atau arahkan.
Hard work is the key for success.
Usaha adalah kunci kejayaan.
EN: In British English, 'subjects' refers to the specific branches of knowledge studied in school or university. David Attenborough's study of geology and zoology is a classic example of how academic specialization in the UK education system shapes one's professional path.
EN: Apposition (Appositive Phrase): This occurs when a noun or noun phrase is placed next to another noun to rename or explain it. In this sentence, 'or BBC' explains 'the British Broadcasting Corporation'.
Bahasa Melayu: Aposisi (Frasa Apositif): Ini berlaku apabila kata nama atau frasa nama diletakkan di sebelah kata nama lain untuk menamakan semula atau menerangkannya. Dalam ayat ini, 'or BBC' menerangkan 'the British Broadcasting Corporation'.
My brother, a talented musician, lives in London.
Abang saya, seorang pemuzik berbakat, tinggal di London.
EN: The Preposition 'As' for Roles: The word 'as' is used here as a preposition to indicate the role, capacity, or function of a person. It is commonly used when discussing jobs or positions.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi 'As' untuk peranan: Perkataan 'as' di sini digunakan sebagai kata sendi untuk menunjukkan peranan, identiti, atau fungsi seseorang. Ini sangat biasa apabila membincangkan pekerjaan atau jawatan.
She worked as a teacher for ten years.
Dia berkhidmat sebagai guru selama sepuluh tahun.
EN: The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is the national broadcaster of the United Kingdom. It is one of the oldest and most respected media organizations in the world, known for its high-quality documentaries and news reporting.
EN: The use of 'few' (without 'a') indicates a negative connotation, meaning 'not many' or 'hardly any'. It is used with plural countable nouns to emphasize scarcity.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan 'few' (tanpa 'a') membawa konotasi negatif, bermaksud 'sangat sedikit' atau 'hampir tiada'. Ia digunakan dengan kata nama boleh dikira jamak untuk menekankan kekurangan kuantiti.
Few students passed the difficult exam.
Sangat sedikit pelajar yang lulus peperiksaan yang sukar itu.
EN: The semicolon (;) is used to link two independent clauses that are closely related in thought, functioning similarly to a period but showing a stronger connection.
Bahasa Melayu: Koma bertitik (;) digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua klausa bebas yang berkait rapat dari segi idea, berfungsi seperti noktah tetapi menunjukkan hubungan yang lebih erat.
The weather was beautiful; we decided to go for a hike.
Cuaca sangat baik; kami memutuskan untuk pergi mendaki.
EN: In the early 1950s, television was a luxury in post-war Britain. The BBC held a monopoly on broadcasting, and the 1953 coronation of Queen Elizabeth II was the pivotal event that finally prompted millions of British households to purchase their first TV sets.
EN: The use of 'opportunity + to-infinitive' (to use) acts as an adjective phrase to describe the noun 'opportunity', specifying what kind of opportunity it is.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan 'opportunity + to-infinitive' (to use) bertindak sebagai frasa adjektif untuk menerangkan kata nama 'opportunity', menjelaskan jenis peluang itu.
She had an opportunity to study abroad last year.
Dia berpeluang untuk belajar di luar negara pada tahun lepas.
EN: The verb 'show' is a ditransitive verb, which can take two objects: an indirect object (people) and a direct object (the natural world).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'show' ialah kata kerja dwitransitif, yang boleh menerima dua objek: objek tak langsung (people) dan objek langsung (the natural world).
He showed his friends the new photos.
Dia menunjukkan foto-foto baharu kepada rakan-rakannya.
EN: In the early 1950s, television was a revolutionary medium in the UK. David Attenborough was a pioneer who recognized that TV could be more than just entertainment; it could be a powerful educational tool to bring the wonders of nature into living rooms.
EN: Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Used to describe an action that was completed before another point in time or event in the past. In this context, it emphasizes that prior to the advent of television, the experience of seeing wild animals was non-existent for most.
Bahasa Melayu: Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai sebelum sesuatu masa atau peristiwa pada masa lalu. Dalam konteks ini, ia menekankan bahawa sebelum televisyen menjadi meluas, kebanyakan orang langsung tidak pernah melihat pengalaman hidupan liar.
She had never traveled abroad before she turned thirty.
Sebelum umurnya mencecah tiga puluh tahun, dia tidak pernah melancong ke luar negara.
EN: Prepositional Phrase as Adverbial of Place: 'In their natural habitats' functions as an adverbial phrase modifying the verb 'seen', providing specific information about where the action (or lack thereof) occurred.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi nama sebagai keterangan tempat: 'In their natural habitats' berfungsi sebagai frasa keterangan yang menerangkan kata kerja 'seen', memberikan maklumat khusus tentang tempat berlakunya tindakan (atau dalam kes ini, ketiadaan tindakan).
Many rare plants grow in their natural habitats without human interference.
Banyak tumbuhan jarang tumbuh di habitat semula jadi tanpa gangguan manusia.
EN: Before the 1950s, nature documentaries as we know them today did not exist. People's knowledge of exotic wildlife was limited to books, zoos, or rare museum exhibits. David Attenborough's work with the BBC revolutionized how the general public perceived the natural world, bringing the 'wild' into the living room.
EN: The sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a direct object of the verb 'believed'. In English, the conjunction 'that' is often omitted in informal or narrative contexts when it follows common verbs of thinking or feeling.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan 'that-clause' sebagai objek langsung bagi kata kerja 'believed'. Dalam bahasa Inggeris, apabila klausa 'that' mengikuti kata kerja biasa yang menyatakan pemikiran atau perasaan, kata hubung 'that' sering digugurkan dalam konteks tidak formal atau naratif.
She thought she could finish the project by Friday.
Dia menyangka dia boleh menyiapkan projek itu sebelum hari Jumaat.
EN: The modal verb 'could' is used here as the past tense of 'can' to express possibility or ability within a past-tense narrative (backshifting).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja bantu 'could' di sini digunakan sebagai past tense bagi 'can' untuk menyatakan kemungkinan atau keupayaan dalam naratif masa lalu (backshift).
They knew they could win the game if they practiced hard.
Mereka tahu bahawa jika mereka berlatih bersungguh-sungguh, mereka boleh memenangi perlawanan itu.
EN: In the 1950s, television was a revolutionary medium. The idea of 'broadcasting into homes' was a shift from cinema, where people had to go out to see moving images. David Attenborough was a key figure in making the living room a window to the natural world.
EN: Appositives: A noun or noun phrase placed next to another noun to identify or explain it. Here, 'a pioneering television program...' explains what 'Zoo Quest' is.
Bahasa Melayu: Aposisi: Kata nama atau frasa nama yang diletakkan di sebelah kata nama lain untuk mengenal pasti atau menerangkan kata nama tersebut. Di sini, 'a pioneering television program...' menerangkan apa itu 'Zoo Quest'.
My friend, a talented pianist, won the competition.
Rakan saya, seorang pemain piano berbakat, memenangi pertandingan itu.
EN: Relative Clauses (Defining): Using 'that' to introduce a clause that provides essential information about a noun. In this case, it describes what the program did.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif (pembatas): Menggunakan 'that' untuk memperkenalkan klausa yang memberikan maklumat penting untuk kata nama. Dalam teks ini, ia menerangkan fungsi khusus program tersebut.
The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.
Buku yang saya beli semalam sangat menarik.
EN: 'Zoo Quest' was a landmark series for the BBC in the 1950s. It was one of the first times wild animals were filmed in their natural environment rather than in a studio, changing how the public viewed nature.
EN: The 'to-infinitive' (to + base verb) is used here as an adverbial of purpose to explain why the action was performed.
Bahasa Melayu: Infinitif (to + kata kerja dasar) digunakan di sini sebagai kata keterangan untuk menunjukkan tujuan, menjelaskan sebab subjek melakukan tindakan tersebut.
She saved money to buy a new laptop.
Dia menyimpan wang untuk membeli komputer riba baharu.
EN: Parallel structure with 'and' connects two verbs ('find' and 'film') that share the same object ('wild animals').
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung 'and' menghubungkan dua kata kerja (find dan film), yang berkongsi objek yang sama (wild animals), membentuk struktur selari.
He likes to read and write short stories.
Dia suka membaca dan menulis cerita pendek.
EN: In the 1950s, when David Attenborough started, international travel was rare and expensive. The term 'exotic' reflected the British public's fascination with parts of the world they could only see through his lens.
EN: The phrase 'among other locations' is an adverbial phrase used to indicate that the list provided is not exhaustive; there are additional items that are not mentioned.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'among other locations' ialah frasa keterangan yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahawa senarai yang diberikan tidak lengkap, dan terdapat lokasi lain yang tidak disebut.
The museum features works by Picasso and Dali, among other artists.
Muzium ini mempamerkan karya artis seperti Picasso dan Dalí, antara lain.
EN: The verb 'take' is used here in the sense of 'leading' or 'bringing' someone to a destination, often used to describe the path of a journey or career.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'take' di sini digunakan dalam erti 'memimpin' atau 'membawa' seseorang ke destinasi, sering digunakan untuk menerangkan trajektori perjalanan atau kerjaya.
Her research took her to several remote villages in the Amazon.
Penyelidikannya membawanya ke beberapa kampung terpencil di rantau Amazon.
EN: The countries mentioned (Sierra Leone, Indonesia, Paraguay) represent the global reach of David Attenborough's early work, highlighting the transition from British-centric broadcasting to international nature exploration in the post-WWII era.
EN: The phrase 'among the first' is used to indicate that something belongs to a specific group of pioneers or early examples, rather than being the single first one.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'among the first' digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu tergolong dalam kumpulan perintis atau contoh awal yang tertentu, bukan satu-satunya yang pertama.
She was among the first women to graduate from this medical school.
Dia adalah antara wanita pertama yang menamatkan pengajian di sekolah perubatan ini.
EN: The word 'broadcast' here is a past participle acting as a reduced relative clause (which were broadcast), modifying the noun 'programs'.
Bahasa Melayu: 'Broadcast' di sini ialah past participle yang bertindak sebagai klausa relatif yang diringkaskan (dengan 'which were' digugurkan), digunakan untuk menerangkan kata nama 'programs' (program).
The news broadcast yesterday was very shocking.
Berita yang disiarkan semalam sangat mengejutkan.
EN: The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) has a long-standing global reputation for high-quality natural history documentaries, a legacy largely built by David Attenborough since the 1950s.
EN: The sentence uses the Past Simple tense to describe completed actions in the past. It also features a compound predicate where two verbs ('captured' and 'launched') share the same subject ('Zoo Quest').
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Past Simple untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lalu. Selain itu, ini adalah struktur predikat majmuk, di mana dua kata kerja (captured dan launched) berkongsi subjek yang sama (Zoo Quest).
The movie touched the audience's hearts and won several awards.
Filem ini menyentuh hati penonton dan memenangi beberapa anugerah.
EN: The phrase 'capture someone's imagination' is an idiomatic collocation meaning to interest someone very much and make them think of new possibilities.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'capture someone's imagination' ialah kolokasi idiomatik yang bermaksud 'menarik minat seseorang atau merangsang imaginasi seseorang'.
The new space mission has captured the public's imagination.
Misi angkasa lepas yang baharu ini merangsang imaginasi orang ramai.
EN: 'Zoo Quest' (1954–1963) was a landmark series for the BBC. At a time when nature documentaries were often filmed in studios with captive animals, this program was revolutionary because it showed animals in the wild, changing how the British public perceived the natural world.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: Sangat berminat atau terpesona dengan sesuatu.
Dalam konteks: Asas; asas yang menyokong pembangunan masa depan.
Dalam konteks: Pegawai pelatih; seseorang yang sedang menjalani latihan kerja.
Dalam konteks: Medium; kaedah atau alat untuk menyampaikan maklumat.
Dalam konteks: Habitat; tempat semula jadi di mana tumbuhan dan haiwan hidup.
Dalam konteks: Menyiarkan; menghantar (program) melalui udara.
Dalam konteks: Perintis; yang mempelopori.
Dalam konteks: Terpencil; jauh dari kawasan ramai orang.
Dalam konteks: Eksotik; luar biasa dan menarik.
Dalam konteks: Ekspedisi; perjalanan untuk penerokaan atau penyelidikan.
Dalam konteks: Imaginasi.
Dalam konteks: Melancarkan; memulakan (kerjaya, dll.) dengan jayanya.
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
The world of nature, including plants, animals, and landscapes, as opposed to the human-made world.
Dunia semula jadi
To interest or excite someone very much.
Menarik minat atau imaginasi (orang awam)
At a particular moment in the past.
Pada masa itu
To result in or cause something to happen.
Membawa kepada; menyebabkan
A specific channel or system of communication, information, or entertainment.
Medium, media
A person learning the professional role of overseeing the production of a television show or film.
Pelatih penerbit
A specific segment of content intended for broadcast on television.
Rancangan televisyen
To start a professional path or career with great success or momentum.
Memulakan/melancarkan (kerjaya)