Jack Ma: Rejected 30 TimesJack Ma: Ditolak 30 Kali
Pratonton Audio Lengkap
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EN: The phrase 'later known as Jack Ma' is a reduced relative clause (appositive) used to provide extra information about the subject. It functions like 'who was later known as'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'later known as Jack Ma' ialah klausa relatif yang diringkaskan (apositif) yang digunakan untuk memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang subjek. Ia berfungsi sama seperti 'who was later known as'.
The city, once called Edo, is now known as Tokyo.
Bandar ini pernah dikenali sebagai Edo, dan kini dikenali sebagai Tokyo.
EN: The verb 'faced' is in the past simple tense, used here to describe a completed state or situation in the subject's past history.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'faced' menggunakan Simple Past Tense, digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan keadaan atau situasi yang telah selesai dalam sejarah lampau subjek.
She faced many difficulties during her first year abroad.
Dia menghadapi banyak kesukaran semasa tahun pertamanya di luar negara.
EN: Jack Ma is a global icon of entrepreneurship. His English name, 'Jack', was given to him by a foreign tourist he befriended while working as a free guide in Hangzhou.
EN: The correlative structure 'not once, but [number]' is used for emphasis to highlight that an action occurred more than once, often implying that the repetition is significant or surprising.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur korelatif 'not once, but [bilangan]' digunakan untuk penekanan bagi menyerlahkan bahawa sesuatu berlaku lebih daripada sekali, biasanya membayangkan bahawa pengulangan itu penting atau mengejutkan.
She called him not once, but three times before he answered.
Dia menelefonnya bukan sekali, tetapi tiga kali sebelum dia menjawab.
EN: The Past Simple tense is used here to describe a completed action in the past. 'Failed' is the regular past form of the verb 'fail'.
Bahasa Melayu: Di sini, Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lalu. 'Failed' ialah bentuk lampau yang tetap bagi kata kerja 'fail'.
They failed the inspection last week.
Mereka gagal dalam pemeriksaan minggu lepas.
EN: In many East Asian cultures, the university entrance exam (like the Gaokao in China) is a high-stakes event that is seen as a primary determinant of a person's future success. Failing it multiple times and still succeeding later is a powerful narrative of resilience.
EN: Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the focus is on the person or thing receiving the action. In this sentence, 'was rejected' emphasizes Jack Ma's experience rather than the company's action.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (be + past participle): Digunakan apabila tumpuan diberikan kepada penerima tindakan, bukan pelaku. Dalam ayat ini, 'was rejected' menekankan pengalaman Jack Ma, bukan tindakan syarikat KFC.
The proposal was rejected by the committee yesterday.
Cadangan itu telah ditolak oleh jawatankuasa semalam.
EN: Numerical Expressions (X out of Y): A common way to express proportions or ratios, where X is the number of successful cases and Y is the total number of attempts or candidates.
Bahasa Melayu: Ungkapan Kuantiti (X out of Y): Cara biasa untuk menyatakan nisbah atau kadar, di mana X mewakili bilangan kejayaan dan Y mewakili jumlah percubaan atau calon.
Nine out of ten students passed the final exam.
Sembilan daripada sepuluh pelajar lulus peperiksaan akhir.
EN: This sentence refers to a famous anecdote about Jack Ma's early failures. In the 1990s, Western fast-food chains like KFC were expanding rapidly in China and were seen as prestigious places to work, making his rejection particularly poignant.
EN: The preposition 'despite' is used to introduce a contrast, meaning 'even though something happened'. It must be followed by a noun, noun phrase, or a gerund (-ing form), not a full clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi 'despite' digunakan untuk memperkenalkan kontras, bermaksud "walaupun". Ia mesti diikuti oleh kata nama, frasa nama, atau gerund (-ing), dan tidak boleh diikuti terus oleh klausa penuh.
Despite the heavy rain, they decided to go for a hike.
Walaupun hujan lebat, mereka tetap memutuskan untuk pergi mendaki.
EN: The modal verb 'would' is used here as the 'future in the past'. It describes an event that was going to happen from a viewpoint in the past.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja bantu 'would' digunakan di sini sebagai 'masa depan dalam masa lampau'. Ia menerangkan peristiwa yang akan berlaku pada masa depan dari perspektif masa lalu, sering digunakan dalam penulisan naratif.
He didn't know then that this decision would change his life forever.
Pada masa itu, dia tidak tahu bahawa keputusan itu akan mengubah hidupnya selama-lamanya.
EN: Jack Ma's story is a classic example of the 'rags to riches' narrative, which is highly valued in both Western and modern Chinese business culture. The emphasis on persistence despite failure is a universal theme in success stories.
EN: Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): The phrase 'earning just $12 a month' is a reduced relative clause or a participial phrase that describes the result or a simultaneous action of the main clause. It functions as an adverbial modifier to provide more information about the subject's situation.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Partisipel Kini (V-ing): 'earning just $12 a month' ialah klausa relatif yang diringkaskan atau frasa partisipel yang menerangkan hasil atau keadaan serentak bagi tindakan dalam klausa utama. Ia berfungsi sebagai penerang adverba, menambah maklumat tentang keadaan subjek pada masa itu.
She worked late every night, hoping to get a promotion.
Dia bekerja lebih masa setiap malam, dengan harapan untuk mendapat kenaikan pangkat.
EN: Past Simple Tense: The verb 'became' is the past tense of 'become'. It is used here to describe a completed action or a change of state that occurred at a specific time in the past.
Bahasa Melayu: Simple Past Tense: Kata kerja 'became' ialah bentuk lampau bagi 'become'. Ia digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan tindakan atau perubahan keadaan yang selesai pada titik masa tertentu pada masa lalu.
He became a doctor after years of hard study.
Selepas bertahun-tahun belajar bersungguh-sungguh, dia menjadi seorang doktor.
EN: The mention of '$12 a month' highlights the economic conditions in China during the early 1990s and emphasizes Jack Ma's humble beginnings. It serves as a stark contrast to his later success as one of the world's wealthiest individuals.
EN: Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): This tense is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or a specific time in the past. In this context, it emphasizes that his English learning happened before he became a teacher or visited Seattle.
Bahasa Melayu: Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Tenses ini digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai sebelum sesuatu tindakan lain atau titik masa tertentu pada masa lalu. Dalam konteks ini, ia menekankan bahawa dia telah menyelesaikan proses pembelajaran bahasa Inggerisnya sebelum menjadi guru atau pergi ke Seattle.
She had finished her homework before her parents came home.
Dia telah menyiapkan kerja rumahnya sebelum ibu bapanya pulang ke rumah.
EN: The preposition 'by' + Gerund (-ing): This structure is used to indicate the method or means by which something is achieved. It answers the question 'How?'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi 'by' + Gerund (-ing): Struktur ini digunakan untuk menunjukkan cara atau kaedah untuk mencapai sesuatu. Ia menjawab soalan "bagaimana untuk mencapai?"
You can improve your health by exercising regularly.
Anda boleh meningkatkan kesihatan dengan bersenam secara tetap.
EN: In the 1980s, when Jack Ma was learning English, China was just beginning to open up to the world. Hangzhou, being a scenic city, attracted foreign tourists. Volunteering as a guide was a rare and proactive way for a local Chinese person to practice English with native speakers at that time.
EN: The sentence uses the Past Simple tense ('practiced', 'absorbed') to describe completed actions in the past. The time expression 'For nine years' indicates the duration of these past actions.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Simple Past Tense (practiced, absorbed) untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lalu. Frasa adverba masa "For nine years" (selama sembilan tahun) pula digunakan untuk menunjukkan tempoh masa tindakan-tindakan lampau itu berlangsung.
For five years, she lived in London and studied art.
Selama lima tahun, dia tinggal di London dan belajar seni.
EN: Parallel Structure: When using a coordinating conjunction like 'and', the verbs should be in the same form. Here, both 'practiced' and 'absorbed' are in the past tense to maintain consistency.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur Selari: Apabila menggunakan kata hubung koordinat seperti 'and', kata kerja hendaklah kekal dalam bentuk yang sama. Dalam ayat ini, 'practiced' dan 'absorbed' kedua-duanya dalam bentuk lampau untuk mengekalkan konsistensi sintaksis.
He opened the book and started reading.
Dia membuka buku itu dan mula membaca.
EN: The mention of 'nine years' highlights the traditional Chinese value of persistence and long-term effort (often referred to as 'Kung Fu' in its original sense of skill achieved through hard work over time). Jack Ma's story is frequently used in China as a modern example of this virtue.
EN: Past Participle Phrase as a Modifier: The phrase 'driven by...' is a past participle phrase that functions as an adjective to describe the subject 'man'. It indicates a passive state or the cause behind an action.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa Partisipel Lampau sebagai Penerang: Frasa 'driven by...' ialah frasa partisipel lampau yang berfungsi sebagai adjektif untuk menerangkan subjek 'man'. Ia menunjukkan keadaan pasif atau punca di sebalik sesuatu tingkah laku.
The athlete, motivated by the crowd, finished the race.
Atlet itu, yang didorong oleh sokongan orang ramai, berjaya menamatkan perlumbaan.
EN: Compound Adjectives: 'Self-taught' is a compound adjective formed by a noun/pronoun and a past participle, used to describe someone who learned a skill without formal instruction.
Bahasa Melayu: Adjektif Majmuk: 'Self-taught' ialah adjektif majmuk yang dibentuk oleh kata nama/kata ganti nama dan partisipel lampau, digunakan untuk menerangkan seseorang yang belajar sendiri tanpa bimbingan formal.
She is a self-made millionaire.
Dia seorang jutawan yang berjaya sendiri.
EN: In Western business culture, being 'self-taught' is often highly respected as it demonstrates initiative, grit, and intellectual curiosity—qualities Jack Ma is famous for.
EN: The sentence uses the Past Simple tense ('visited', 'experienced') to describe completed actions that happened at a specific time in the past (1995).
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Simple Past Tense (visited, experienced) untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada masa lalu yang spesifik (tahun 1995).
She visited London last summer and enjoyed the museums.
Dia melawat London pada musim panas lepas dan sangat menyukai muzium-muzium di sana.
EN: The phrase 'for the first time' is an adverbial phrase used to indicate that an event has never happened before the specified moment.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'for the first time' ialah frasa adverba yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu peristiwa tidak pernah berlaku sebelum masa yang ditetapkan, iaitu "kali pertama".
I saw snow for the first time when I was ten.
Saya pertama kali melihat salji ketika berumur sepuluh tahun.
EN: Seattle was a major tech hub in the 1990s (home to Microsoft and Amazon), making it a significant location for Jack Ma's first encounter with the internet.
EN: The sentence uses the Past Simple tense ('searched', 'appeared') to describe completed actions in a specific historical context (Jack Ma's 1995 trip).
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Simple Past Tense (searched, appeared) untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai dalam konteks sejarah yang spesifik (perjalanan Jack Ma pada tahun 1995).
She looked for her keys but found nothing.
Dia mencari kuncinya, tetapi tidak menjumpai apa-apa.
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'but' is used to connect two independent clauses, showing a contrast between the action (searching) and the unexpected result (no results).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung koordinat 'but' digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua klausa bebas, menunjukkan kontras antara tindakan (mencari) dan hasil yang tidak dijangka (tiada hasil).
He studied hard, but he failed the test.
Dia belajar bersungguh-sungguh, tetapi gagal dalam peperiksaan.
EN: This sentence highlights the digital divide in the mid-1990s. At that time, China had very little presence on the global internet, which inspired Jack Ma to start his first internet business, 'China Pages'.
EN: The Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action or state that was completed before another point in the past. In this sentence, China's lack of presence occurred before the moment Jack Ma realized it.
Bahasa Melayu: Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) digunakan untuk menerangkan tindakan atau keadaan yang telah selesai sebelum titik masa atau tindakan lain pada masa lalu. Dalam ayat ini, ketiadaan kehadiran China di internet berlaku sebelum Jack Ma 'menyedari' perkara itu.
She realized that she had left her keys at home.
Dia menyedari bahawa dia telah meninggalkan kunci di rumah.
EN: Noun Clauses with 'that' function as the object of a verb (like 'realized'). The word 'that' introduces a complete sentence that acts as the thing being thought, said, or felt.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa Nama dengan 'that' berfungsi sebagai objek bagi kata kerja (seperti 'realized'). 'That' memperkenalkan ayat penuh yang menyatakan apa yang difikirkan, dikatakan, atau dirasai.
I believe that technology can change the world.
Saya percaya bahawa teknologi boleh mengubah dunia.
EN: In the mid-1990s, the internet was rapidly expanding in the West, but China was just beginning to connect. This moment highlights the 'digital divide' that existed before China became a global tech powerhouse.
EN: The sentence uses the Past Simple Tense (was) to describe a state or situation that existed at a specific time in the past, specifically referring to the late 1990s in the context of Jack Ma's story.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Simple Past Tense (was) untuk menerangkan keadaan atau situasi yang wujud pada titik masa tertentu pada masa lalu, di sini merujuk kepada latar belakang kisah Jack Ma pada akhir 1990-an.
The invention of the steam engine was a major turning point for the industry.
Penciptaan enjin wap merupakan titik perubahan besar dalam industri.
EN: The preposition 'for' is used here to indicate the recipient or the entity affected by the 'opportunity'. It shows who benefits from the situation.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi 'for' digunakan di sini untuk menunjukkan penerima atau entiti yang terjejas oleh 'peluang' tersebut, menunjukkan siapa yang mendapat manfaat daripada situasi itu.
This scholarship is a great chance for students from low-income families.
Biasiswa ini merupakan peluang yang baik untuk pelajar daripada keluarga berpendapatan rendah.
EN: In the late 1990s, China's digital infrastructure was in its infancy. Jack Ma's realization that the internet could bridge the gap between Chinese suppliers and global buyers was a visionary insight that transformed the Chinese economy.
EN: The sentence uses the Past Simple tense ('gathered') to describe a completed action that occurred at a specific time in the past ('In 1999').
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan Simple Past Tense (gathered) untuk menerangkan tindakan yang telah selesai pada titik masa tertentu pada masa lalu (tahun 1999).
She started her own business two years ago.
Dia memulakan perniagaannya sendiri dua tahun lalu.
EN: Prepositional phrases of time and place: 'In 1999' (time) and 'in his small apartment' (place) provide essential context to the main action.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi masa dan tempat: 'In 1999' (masa) dan 'in his small apartment' (tempat) memberikan maklumat latar yang penting untuk tindakan utama.
They met at a coffee shop on Monday.
Mereka bertemu di sebuah kedai kopi pada hari Isnin.
EN: The '18 Founders' of Alibaba (Jack Ma plus the 17 friends mentioned) is a legendary story in the Chinese tech industry, symbolizing the humble beginnings of a global giant in a residential apartment.
EN: The verb 'give' is often used with nouns like 'speech', 'presentation', or 'talk' to describe the act of delivering a formal address. This is a common collocation (words that naturally go together).
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'give' sering digunakan dengan kata nama seperti 'speech' (ucapan), 'presentation' (pembentangan), atau 'talk' (ceramah) untuk menerangkan tindakan menyampaikan ucapan rasmi. Ini ialah kolokasi (collocation) yang biasa.
She gave an inspiring speech at the graduation ceremony.
Dia menyampaikan ucapan yang sangat menyentuh hati pada majlis graduasi.
EN: The preposition 'about' is followed by a gerund (verb + -ing) when describing the topic or purpose of an action. Here, 'creating' acts as a noun phrase.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi 'about' diikuti oleh gerund (kata kerja + -ing) apabila menerangkan topik atau tujuan sesuatu tindakan. Di sini, 'creating' digunakan sebagai frasa nama.
We had a long discussion about improving our sales strategy.
Kami mengadakan perbincangan yang panjang tentang strategi untuk menambah baik jualan.
EN: The phrase 'online marketplace' in 1999 was a revolutionary concept in China, where internet access was extremely limited. Jack Ma's ability to convince 17 friends to invest in this vision is often cited in business studies as a prime example of charismatic leadership and 'Guanxi' (social networking/trust) in Chinese culture.
EN: The use of 'to + infinitive' (to make) functions as an infinitive of purpose, explaining 'why' the action of pooling money was taken.
Bahasa Melayu: Infinitif (to + kata kerja dasar) di sini berfungsi sebagai 'kata keterangan tujuan', digunakan untuk menerangkan mengapa tindakan 'mengumpul dana' diambil.
She saved money to buy a new laptop.
Dia menyimpan wang untuk membeli komputer riba baharu.
EN: The phrase 'make [something] a reality' follows the structure 'make + object + complement', where the complement describes the resulting state of the object.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'make [something] a reality' mengikut struktur 'make + objek + pelengkap', di mana pelengkap menerangkan keadaan akhir yang dicapai oleh objek tersebut.
Hard work helped him make his dream a reality.
Kerja keras membantunya merealisasikan impiannya.
EN: The mention of 'pooling $60,000' highlights the early 'friends and family' funding stage common in startup culture, especially significant given the low wages in China at the time (Jack Ma earned $12/month previously).
EN: The Passive Voice (be + past participle) is used when the focus is on the action or the person/thing affected by the action, rather than who performed it. Here, 'was founded' emphasizes the creation of the company.
Bahasa Melayu: Suara Pasif (be + past participle) digunakan apabila tumpuan diberikan kepada tindakan itu sendiri atau objek, bukan kepada orang yang melakukan tindakan tersebut. Di sini, 'was founded' menekankan penubuhan syarikat itu.
The museum was built in 1920.
Muzium ini dibina pada tahun 1920.
EN: Apposition (Noun Phrase as Appositive): The phrase 'a testament to their shared belief' acts as an appositive, providing additional information or a description of the preceding clause or noun.
Bahasa Melayu: Aposisi (Frasa Nama sebagai Apositif): Frasa 'a testament to their shared belief' berfungsi sebagai apositif, memberikan penerangan atau huraian tambahan kepada klausa atau kata nama sebelumnya.
He won the prize, a great honor for his family.
Dia memenangi anugerah itu, yang merupakan satu penghormatan besar kepada keluarganya.
EN: The founding of Alibaba is a legendary story in the global tech industry, symbolizing the rise of the Chinese internet. The '18 founders' (Jack Ma and his 17 friends) is a famous detail often cited as an example of teamwork and shared vision.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: Ketekunan, kegigihan untuk terus berusaha walaupun menghadapi kesukaran
Dalam konteks: Penolakan, pengalaman ditolak atau tidak diterima
Dalam konteks: Sukarela, memberikan perkhidmatan tanpa bayaran
Dalam konteks: Menyerap (ilmu, maklumat, dll.)
Dalam konteks: Belajar sendiri, tanpa guru
Dalam konteks: Kehadiran, pengaruh dalam bidang tertentu (seperti internet)
Dalam konteks: Bersemangat, penuh semangat
Dalam konteks: Mengumpulkan (wang, sumber) untuk digunakan bersama
Dalam konteks: Wawasan, visi atau rancangan untuk masa depan
Dalam konteks: Bukti, keterangan
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To cause something that was only imagined to happen or exist.
Menjadikan sesuatu kenyataan
An exam which you take to be accepted into a school or university.
Peperiksaan kemasukan
Motivated or influenced by a particular force or feeling.
Didorong oleh...
Used to show the number of people or things that are part of a larger group.
Daripada...
The existence of a brand, company, or entity in a specific digital space or market.
Kehadiran dalam talian / Jejak digital
To combine money, resources, or information from different people for a shared purpose.
Pengumpulan dana bersama / Penggabungan sumber daya
Something that serves as clear evidence or proof of a specified fact, event, or quality.
Bukti / Kesaksian
A digital platform where multiple third-party sellers can list and sell their products to customers.
Pasaran dalam talian / Marketplace