EN: Relative Clause (Adjective Clause): The word 'who' introduces a clause that describes the noun 'alcoholic'. It functions as the subject of the clause 'dreamed of wealth and fame'.
Bahasa Indonesia: Klausa relatif (Klausa Adjektiva): Kata 'who' memperkenalkan klausa yang mendeskripsikan kata benda 'alcoholic' (pecandu alkohol). Kata ini berperan sebagai subjek dalam klausa 'dreamed of wealth and fame'.
He is a teacher who loves his students.
Dia adalah seorang guru yang menyayangi murid-muridnya.
EN: Possessive Nouns: Adding 's to a proper noun (Beethoven's) indicates ownership or relationship, showing that the father belongs to Beethoven.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kata benda kepunyaan: Menambahkan 's pada kata benda khusus (Beethoven's) menunjukkan kepemilikan atau hubungan, menunjukkan hubungan ayah ini dengan Beethoven.
Sarah's car is parked outside.
Mobil Sarah diparkir di luar.
EN: In the 18th century, 'wealth and fame' were the primary drivers for musicians seeking patronage from the aristocracy. Beethoven's father, Johann, was a court musician himself but struggled with personal failures, which influenced his harsh treatment of his son.
EN: The verb 'want' follows the pattern 'want + object + to-infinitive'. This structure is used to express a desire for someone else to perform an action or reach a certain state.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kata kerja 'want' mengikuti pola 'want + objek + to-infinitif'. Struktur ini digunakan untuk mengekspresikan keinginan agar seseorang melakukan suatu tindakan atau mencapai suatu keadaan.
The teacher wanted the students to finish their homework early.
Guru ingin para siswa menyelesaikan pekerjaan rumah lebih awal.
EN: The word 'like' is used here as a preposition meaning 'similar to' or 'in the same manner as'. It is used to make a comparison between two nouns.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kata 'like' di sini digunakan sebagai preposisi yang berarti 'mirip dengan' atau 'dengan cara yang sama seperti'. Kata ini digunakan untuk membuat perbandingan antara dua kata benda.
She sings like an angel.
Dia bernyanyi seperti bidadari.
EN: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was the ultimate child prodigy of the 18th century. Beethoven's father, Johann, was obsessed with replicating Mozart's success to gain financial stability, which explains the immense pressure he placed on young Ludwig.
EN: The sentence uses a Reduced Relative Clause. 'Often accompanied' is a past participle phrase modifying 'hours of forced piano practice'. It is a shortened form of 'which were often accompanied'.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kalimat ini menggunakan 'Klausa Relatif yang Diredusir'. 'Often accompanied' adalah frasa partisip lampau yang memodifikasi 'hours of forced piano practice' sebelumnya. Ini adalah bentuk singkatan dari 'which were often accompanied'.
The book, written by a famous author, became a bestseller.
Buku yang ditulis oleh penulis terkenal ini menjadi buku terlaris.
EN: The word 'even' is used as an intensive adverb to emphasize something surprising or extreme, in this case, physical violence ('hitting') following verbal abuse ('shouting').
Bahasa Indonesia: Kata 'even' di sini digunakan sebagai kata keterangan intensif untuk menekankan sesuatu yang mengejutkan atau ekstrem, dalam hal ini bahkan kekerasan fisik (hitting) terjadi setelah teriakan verbal (shouting).
He was so tired that he couldn't even stand up.
Dia sangat lelah sampai-sampai bahkan tidak bisa berdiri tegak.
EN: The description reflects the historical reality of strict, sometimes abusive, 18th-century musical education. Johann van Beethoven was notorious for his harsh methods, attempting to exploit his son's talent for financial gain, mirroring Leopold Mozart's success but with much more violence.
EN: The sentence uses a 'Present Participle Phrase' (pushing...) acting as an adverbial modifier to describe the result or a simultaneous action of the main clause.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kalimat ini menggunakan 'Frasa Partisip Sekarang' (pushing...) yang berfungsi sebagai keterangan adverbial, digunakan untuk menggambarkan hasil atau tindakan yang terjadi bersamaan dengan klausa utama.
The storm hit the city, causing widespread power outages.
Badai melanda kota itu, menyebabkan pemadaman listrik secara besar-besaran.
EN: The possessive form 'Johann's' and the prepositional phrase 'for his son' function together to define the scope of the noun 'ambition'.
Bahasa Indonesia: Bentuk kepunyaan 'Johann's' dan frasa preposisional 'for his son' bekerja sama untuk membatasi ruang lingkup dan objek dari kata benda 'ambition' (ambisi).
Her passion for music was evident to everyone.
Gairahnya terhadap musik sangat jelas bagi semua orang.
EN: The story reflects the historical pressure placed on child prodigies in 18th-century Europe, often driven by parents seeking social mobility through their children's musical talents, similar to the case of Leopold Mozart and his son Wolfgang.
EN: The preposition 'Despite' is used to introduce a contrast. It is followed by a noun phrase (the difficult upbringing) rather than a full clause with a subject and verb.
Bahasa Indonesia: Preposisi 'Despite' (meskipun) digunakan untuk memperkenalkan kontras. Preposisi ini diikuti oleh frasa kata benda (the difficult upbringing), bukan klausa lengkap yang memiliki subjek dan kata kerja.
Despite the heavy rain, the concert continued.
Meskipun hujan deras, konser tetap berlangsung.
EN: The adverb 'undeniably' modifies the adjective 'talented'. Adverbs ending in '-ly' are frequently used to emphasize the degree or certainty of a quality.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kata keterangan 'undeniably' (tidak dapat disangkal) memodifikasi kata sifat 'talented'. Kata keterangan yang berakhiran '-ly' sering digunakan untuk menekankan tingkat atau kepastian suatu kualitas.
The view from the mountain top is undeniably beautiful.
Pemandangan dari puncak gunung tidak dapat disangkal sangat indah.
EN: The term 'upbringing' refers to the treatment and instruction received by a child while growing up. In Beethoven's case, it highlights the contrast between his harsh domestic life and his extraordinary innate ability, a common theme in the biographies of great artists.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'By the age of...' is used to indicate a deadline or a point in time by which something has occurred or was already true. It emphasizes the completion of an action before a specific time.
Bahasa Indonesia: Frasa preposisional "By the age of..." (pada usia...) digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa pada atau sebelum usia tertentu, sesuatu telah terjadi atau telah menjadi kenyataan. Frasa ini menekankan keadaan selesai sebelum titik waktu tertentu.
By the age of five, she could already speak three languages.
Pada usia lima tahun, dia sudah bisa berbicara tiga bahasa.
EN: The Past Continuous tense (was working) is used here to describe a state or ongoing action that was happening during a specific period in the past.
Bahasa Indonesia: Past Continuous tense (was working) digunakan di sini untuk menggambarkan keadaan atau tindakan yang sedang berlangsung selama periode waktu tertentu di masa lalu.
He was working as a teacher when he met his wife.
Dia bertemu istrinya saat dia menjadi guru.
EN: A 'court musician' in the 18th century was a prestigious position employed by royalty or nobility. Bonn was the seat of the Elector of Cologne, making it a significant cultural center where the young Beethoven could develop his skills under aristocratic patronage.
EN: The phrase 'had to' is the past tense form of 'have to', used to express an external obligation or necessity that existed in the past. It suggests that the person had no choice but to perform the action.
Bahasa Indonesia: 'had to' adalah bentuk lampau dari 'have to', digunakan untuk mengekspresikan kewajiban atau kebutuhan eksternal di masa lalu. Ini menyiratkan bahwa orang tersebut tidak punya pilihan selain melakukan tindakan tersebut.
Because the bus broke down, we had to walk to the station.
Karena bus rusak, kami harus berjalan kaki ke stasiun.
EN: The preposition 'After' can be followed by a noun phrase (like 'his mother's death') to indicate the sequence of events. In this sentence, it introduces a complex noun phrase acting as a time adverbial.
Bahasa Indonesia: Preposisi 'After' dapat diikuti oleh frasa kata benda (seperti 'his mother's death') untuk menunjukkan urutan kejadian. Dalam kalimat ini, ia memperkenalkan frasa kata benda kompleks sebagai keterangan waktu.
After the long meeting, everyone felt exhausted.
Setelah pertemuan yang panjang itu, semua orang merasa kelelahan.
EN: In 18th-century Europe, the eldest son often bore the financial responsibility for the family if the father was unable to work. Beethoven's situation was particularly dire as he had to legally petition to receive half of his father's salary to ensure his younger brothers were fed.
EN: The verb 'weigh' is used figuratively with the adverb 'heavily' to describe a psychological or emotional burden that causes stress or pressure.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kata kerja 'weigh' (menimbang/menekan) digunakan secara kiasan dengan kata keterangan 'heavily' (berat) untuk menggambarkan beban psikologis atau emosional, menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu menyebabkan tekanan yang besar.
The decision weighed heavily on her mind for weeks.
Keputusan itu membuat hatinya terasa berat selama beberapa minggu.
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'but' is used to connect two independent clauses, showing a contrast between the difficulty of the situation and the subject's resilience.
Bahasa Indonesia: Konjungsi koordinatif 'but' digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua klausa independen, menunjukkan kontras antara kesulitan situasi dan ketangguhan subjek.
The exam was difficult, but he passed with high marks.
Ujiannya sulit, tetapi dia lulus dengan nilai tinggi.
EN: The concept of 'perseverance' is a central theme in Beethoven's biography. Despite his deafness and family struggles, his ability to continue composing is often cited as a prime example of the human spirit overcoming adversity in Western classical music history.
EN: Apposition: A noun or noun phrase (the music capital of Europe) placed next to another noun (Vienna) to explain or identify it. It is often separated by commas.
Bahasa Indonesia: Aposisi: Kata benda atau frasa kata benda (the music capital of Europe) ditempatkan di sebelah kata benda lain (Vienna) untuk menjelaskan atau melengkapi kata benda tersebut. Biasanya dipisahkan dengan koma.
Paris, the city of light, is famous for its history.
Paris, kota cahaya, terkenal dengan sejarahnya.
EN: Prepositional Phrases as Time Markers: Starting a sentence with a prepositional phrase like 'At twenty-two' sets the chronological context for the main action.
Bahasa Indonesia: Frasa preposisional sebagai penanda waktu: Memulai kalimat dengan frasa preposisional seperti 'At twenty-two' menetapkan latar waktu untuk tindakan utama.
At eighteen, she left home to study abroad.
Pada usia delapan belas tahun, dia meninggalkan kampung halamannya untuk belajar di luar negeri.
EN: Vienna in the late 18th and 19th centuries was the undisputed center of Western classical music, hosting giants like Haydn, Mozart, and later, Beethoven and Schubert.
EN: Compound Predicate: This sentence uses a compound predicate where two verbs ('studied' and 'amazed') share the same subject ('He'), connected by the coordinating conjunction 'and'.
Bahasa Indonesia: Predikat majemuk: Kalimat ini menggunakan predikat majemuk di mana dua kata kerja ('studied' dan 'amazed') berbagi subjek yang sama ('He') dan dihubungkan oleh konjungsi koordinatif 'and'.
She finished her homework and went out to play.
Dia menyelesaikan pekerjaan rumahnya dan pergi bermain.
EN: Adverb Placement: The adverb 'quickly' is placed before the verb 'amazed' to describe the speed of the action. Adverbs of manner often precede the main verb in narrative writing.
Bahasa Indonesia: Penempatan kata keterangan: Kata keterangan 'quickly' ditempatkan sebelum kata kerja 'amazed' untuk menggambarkan kecepatan tindakan. Dalam penulisan naratif, kata keterangan cara biasanya ditempatkan sebelum kata kerja utama.
The chef carefully prepared the signature dish.
Koki dengan hati-hati menyiapkan hidangan khas ini.
EN: Joseph Haydn was one of the most prominent composers of the Classical period. Beethoven moving to Vienna to study with him signifies the passing of the musical torch from the established master to the rising genius.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'unlike anything' is used here as an adjective phrase to modify the subject 'compositions'. It introduces a comparison that highlights uniqueness.
Bahasa Indonesia: Frasa preposisional "unlike anything" di sini digunakan sebagai frasa adjektiva untuk memodifikasi subjek "compositions" (karya-karya). Frasa ini memperkenalkan perbandingan untuk menekankan keunikannya.
Her voice is unlike anything I have ever heard before.
Suaranya berbeda dari suara apa pun yang pernah saya dengar sebelumnya.
EN: The Past Perfect tense ('had ever heard') is used to describe an action that was completed before a specific point in the past (the time when they heard his compositions).
Bahasa Indonesia: Past Perfect tense ('had ever heard') digunakan untuk menggambarkan tindakan yang telah selesai atau terjadi sebelum titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu (yaitu saat mereka mendengar karyanya).
By the time the movie ended, she had already fallen asleep.
Saat film berakhir, dia sudah tertidur.
EN: Vienna in the late 18th and early 19th centuries was the center of the musical world. The 'Viennese' audience was known for being highly sophisticated and accustomed to the structured, balanced style of Haydn and Mozart. Beethoven's 'bold and emotional' style marked the transition from the Classical to the Romantic era.
EN: The verb 'begin' can be followed by an infinitive (to + verb) or a gerund (verb-ing) with little change in meaning. In this sentence, 'began to redefine' emphasizes the start of a process or action.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kata kerja 'begin' dapat diikuti oleh infinitif (to + kata kerja) atau gerund (kata kerja + -ing), dan perbedaan maknanya tidak terlalu besar. Dalam kalimat ini, 'began to redefine' menekankan awal dari suatu tindakan atau proses.
The scientist began to conduct experiments on the new vaccine.
Para ilmuwan mulai bereksperimen dengan vaksin baru ini.
EN: The prefix 're-' is added to the verb 'define' to mean 'again' or 'differently'. 'Redefine' suggests changing the way something is understood or interpreted.
Bahasa Indonesia: Awalan 're-' ditambahkan pada kata kerja 'define' untuk berarti 'lagi' atau 'dengan cara yang berbeda'. 'Redefine' berarti mengubah definisi atau cara sesuatu dipahami.
Technology has redefined the way we communicate.
Teknologi telah mendefinisikan ulang cara kita berkomunikasi.
EN: Beethoven is often seen as a transitional figure between the Classical and Romantic eras of music. His 'unique style' refers to his use of intense dynamics and emotional depth, which broke the formal constraints of earlier composers like Haydn and Mozart.
EN: The phrase 'In one's late [age]' is used to describe the final years of a specific decade in a person's life (typically ages 7-9 of that decade).
Bahasa Indonesia: Frasa 'In one's late [usia]' digunakan untuk menggambarkan tahun-tahun terakhir dari dekade tertentu dalam kehidupan seseorang (biasanya usia 7 hingga 9 dalam dekade tersebut).
She decided to change her career in her late thirties.
Dia memutuskan untuk berganti karier di akhir usia tiga puluhan.
EN: The verb 'begin' can be followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to indicate the start of an action or state.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kata kerja 'begin' dapat diikuti oleh infinitif (to + kata kerja) untuk menunjukkan awal dari suatu tindakan atau keadaan.
It began to rain just as we stepped outside.
Begitu kami melangkah keluar, hujan mulai turun.
EN: Beethoven's hearing loss is one of the most famous tragedies in music history. It began as tinnitus (the 'buzzing' mentioned) and eventually led to near-total deafness, yet he composed some of his greatest works, like the Ninth Symphony, while unable to hear.
EN: Adverbs of Manner at the Beginning: Adverbs like 'Slowly' and 'terrifyingly' are placed at the start of the sentence to emphasize the emotional tone or the process before the main action occurs.
Bahasa Indonesia: Kata keterangan cara di awal kalimat: Kata keterangan seperti 'Slowly' dan 'terrifyingly' ditempatkan di awal kalimat untuk menekankan nada emosional atau proses sebelum tindakan utama terjadi.
Quietly and carefully, the thief entered the room.
Dengan tenang dan hati-hati, pencuri itu masuk ke dalam ruangan.
EN: Infinitive as Direct Object: The verb 'begin' is followed by a 'to-infinitive' (to experience) which functions as the direct object of the verb, indicating the start of an action.
Bahasa Indonesia: Infinitif sebagai objek langsung: Kata kerja 'begin' diikuti oleh 'to-infinitif' (to experience), yang berfungsi sebagai objek langsung dari kata kerja tersebut, menunjukkan awal dari suatu tindakan.
She began to realize the truth.
Dia mulai menyadari kebenarannya.
EN: For a classical composer like Beethoven, hearing loss was not just a medical condition but a threat to his identity and livelihood. In the 19th century, there were no modern hearing aids, making his continued composition of masterpieces like the Ninth Symphony even more miraculous.
EN: Apposition: A noun phrase (a cruel twist of fate) is placed next to another noun (tragedy) to rename or explain it further. It is often separated by a comma.
Bahasa Indonesia: Aposisi: Frasa kata benda (a cruel twist of fate) ditempatkan di sebelah kata benda lain (tragedy) untuk menjelaskan atau melengkapi kata benda tersebut. Biasanya dipisahkan dengan koma.
The city, a bustling metropolis, never sleeps.
Kota ini, sebuah metropolis yang ramai, tidak pernah tidur.
EN: Prepositional Phrase for Context: Starting a sentence with 'For + [noun]' establishes the perspective or the specific context to which the statement applies.
Bahasa Indonesia: Frasa preposisional untuk konteks: Memulai kalimat dengan 'For + [kata benda]' menetapkan sudut pandang atau latar belakang tertentu yang berlaku untuk pernyataan tersebut.
For a beginner, this task is quite challenging.
Bagi pemula, tugas ini cukup menantang.
EN: The phrase 'twist of fate' is a common English idiom used to describe a strange, unexpected, or unlucky occurrence that seems to be decided by destiny rather than human action.
EN: The structure 'keep + object + complement' (a secret) is used to describe maintaining a specific state of an object. Here, 'a secret' functions as an object complement to 'his condition'.
Bahasa Indonesia: Struktur 'keep + objek + komplemen' (a secret) digunakan untuk menggambarkan mempertahankan keadaan tertentu dari objek. Dalam kalimat ini, 'a secret' berfungsi sebagai komplemen objek dari 'his condition'.
She kept the news a secret from her family.
Dia menyembunyikan kabar itu dari keluarganya.
EN: The phrase 'terrified of...' is a reduced relative clause (adjective phrase) acting as a participle-like modifier. It provides additional information about the subject's emotional state.
Bahasa Indonesia: Frasa 'terrified of...' adalah klausa relatif yang direduksi (frasa adjektiva) yang berfungsi sebagai modifikator partisipial, digunakan untuk menjelaskan keadaan emosional subjek saat itu.
He stood at the edge, terrified of falling.
Dia berdiri di tepi, sangat takut akan jatuh.
EN: In the 19th century, a physical disability like deafness was often seen as a sign of weakness or even madness, which could end a musician's career. This explains Beethoven's extreme secrecy regarding his hearing loss.
Kosakata utama dengan pengucapan IPA, definisi, contoh kalimat, dan kuis interaktif.
Dalam konteks: anak ajaib; anak muda yang menunjukkan bakat luar biasa dalam bidang tertentu
Dalam konteks: terus-menerus; ketat dan tidak kenal kompromi
Dalam konteks: tidak dapat disangkal; pasti
Dalam konteks: bertahan; terus berusaha meskipun menghadapi kesulitan
Dalam konteks: mendefinisikan ulang; mengubah esensi atau cara memahami sesuatu
Dalam konteks: mengganggu; membuat cemas
Dalam konteks: tidak terbayangkan; sangat parah
Dalam konteks: dampak; pengaruh
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, catatan penggunaan, dan contoh kalimat.
To make someone work as hard as they possibly can, often to the point of exhaustion.
Menantang batas; memaksa seseorang hingga batas kemampuannya
To cause someone to worry or feel concerned; to be a burden.
Membuat hati berat; menjadi beban yang berat
An unplanned or unexpected event, often with a negative or ironic outcome.
Permainan nasib; tikungan yang tidak terduga
A musician who is employed to perform for a monarch or noble at their residence.
Musisi istana
A particular mode of being of a person or thing; specifically, a chronic illness or medical problem.
Kondisi (kesehatan), penyakit