IELTS 雅思 聽力原創模擬試題 6

A: Good morning! Welcome to the Oakwood Activity Centre. Tomas speaking. How can I help you today? B: Oh, hello! My name is Amara, and I'm calling to book a place on the Greenwood Carving Weekend Workshop. I saw it on your website and it looks wonderful. A: Ah, yes! That's a very popular course. Let me open up the registration system. First, could you give me your full name, please? B: Sure, it's Amara Okoye. That's A-M-A-R-A, and my surname is spelled O-K-O-Y-E. A: Excellent, thank you. And could I have a contact phone number for you, Amara? B: Yes, of course. It's 07700 900 148. A: Let me just read that back to make sure I've got it right... 07700 900 148. Is that correct? B: Yes, that's exactly it. A: Perfect. Now, we have a couple of sessions coming up. There's one starting on the 14th of October, but... oh, wait, looking at my screen, that one's actually fully booked. The next available date is the 22nd of November. Would that work? B: Oh, November the 22nd is actually much better for me anyway. I'm away in October on a family holiday, so I wouldn't have been able to make the earlier one. A: That's worked out well then! The workshop runs from 9:30 AM to 4:30 PM on both the Saturday and Sunday. We provide all the necessary carving tools, so you don't need to purchase anything beforehand. However, we do ask participants to bring their own lunch. There's no café on site, but we do have a microwave and fridge you can use in our staff kitchen if you want to heat anything up. B: Oh, that's handy. I'll bring some soup then. Is there any special clothing required? A: Just make sure you wear closed-toe shoes. We highly recommend wearing sturdy leather boots, as you'll be working with sharp hand tools and heavy wood pieces, and safety is our priority. B: Right, I've got a good pair of leather boots, so I'll wear those. And how much is the course fee? A: The standard price is 85 pounds. But since you're booking more than a month in advance, you get our early-bird rate of 68 pounds. We do also offer a student price of 60 pounds, but that requires a student card. B: I'm not a student, so the 68 pounds rate is fine. Do I need to pay the whole amount now? A: You can if you'd like, or you can just pay a deposit of 20 pounds today to secure your place, and then pay the remaining 48 pounds when you arrive on the day. B: I think I'll just pay the deposit of 20 pounds now, please. Oh, and where exactly do we meet? A: The class is held in our Woodworking Shed. It's located right next to the main garden. When you arrive on Saturday morning, just park your car in the main car park and follow the signposts. B: That sounds very straightforward. A: Yes, it's easy to find. Now, just to let you know what you'll be making over the weekend: on the first day, you'll practice basic cuts by carving a wooden spoon. Then, on Sunday, everyone moves on to making a serving board. We used to let people choose to make a toy animal or a picture frame instead, but we've simplified it to just those two projects now so that everyone can finish on time. B: A wooden spoon and a serving board sound great! I can't wait to use them. Let's go ahead with the payment then... [Q1] Surname: ________

中文翻譯

A：早安！歡迎致電橡木活動中心（Oakwood Activity Centre）。我是 Tomas。今天有什麼我可以幫您的嗎？ B：喔，你好！我叫 Amara，我想打電話報名綠林木雕週末工作坊（Greenwood Carving Weekend Workshop）。我在你們的網站上看到的，看起來很棒。 A：啊，好的！那是個非常熱門的課程。我來開啟一下報名系統。首先，可以請您提供您的全名嗎？ B：好的，是 Amara Okoye。名字拼寫是 A-M-A-R-A，而我的姓氏拼寫是 O-K-O-Y-E。 A：太好了，謝謝。那可以留一下您的聯絡電話嗎，Amara？ B：好的，沒問題。號碼是 07700 900 148。 A：我重複唸一次以確認沒有記錯……07700 900 148。對嗎？ B：是的，完全正確。 A：太棒了。目前我們有幾個梯次即將額滿。有一個是從 10 月 14 日開始，但是……喔，等等，我看了一下螢幕，那一場其實已經報滿了。下一個可以預約的時間是 11 月 22 日。這個時間您可以嗎？ B：喔，11 月 22 日對我來說其實更好。我 10 月要去家族旅遊，所以本來就沒辦法參加比較早的那一場。 A：那真是太巧了！工作坊在週六和週日的上課時間都是上午 9 點半到下午 4 點半。我們提供所有必備的雕刻工具，所以您不需要提前購買任何東西。不過，我們會要求學員自備午餐。現場沒有咖啡廳，但如果想加熱食物的話，我們員工廚房有微波爐和冰箱供您使用。 B：喔，那很方便。那我帶點湯過去好了。有需要穿什麼特別的衣物嗎？ A：只要確保穿著包鞋即可。我們強烈建議穿著堅固的皮靴，因為您會使用鋒利的手動工具和沉重的木塊，安全是我們首要的考量。 B：明白，我有一雙不錯的皮靴，那我就穿那一雙。那課程費用是多少呢？ A：原價是 85 英鎊。但因為您提前一個多月預訂，所以可以享受 68 英鎊的早鳥優惠價。我們也有提供 60 英鎊的學生價，但那需要出示學生證。 B：我不是學生，所以 68 英鎊的價格可以。我現在需要付清全額嗎？ A：如果您想付清也可以，或者今天只需支付 20 英鎊的訂金來保留名額，當天抵達時再支付剩餘的 48 英鎊即可。 B：我想我現在先付 20 英鎊的訂金就好。喔，還有我們具體在哪裡集合呢？ A：課程會在我們的木工棚（Woodworking Shed）進行。它就在主花園旁邊。週六早上您抵達時，直接把車停在主停車場，然後順著指示牌走就可以了。 B：聽起來非常簡單明瞭。 A：是的，很容易找。現在跟您說明一下週末會製作的作品：第一天，您會透過雕刻木匙來練習基本的切削技巧。接著在週日，大家會接著製作托盤。我們以前會讓大家選擇製作木製玩具動物或相框，但為了讓每個人都能準時完成，我們現在簡化為只做這兩個品項。 B：木匙和托盤聽起來很棒！我等不及要用了。那我們就繼續進行付款吧……

(Shared with Q1.) [Q2] Contact number: ________

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用）[第 2 題] 聯絡電話：________

(Shared with Q1.) [Q3] Date of workshop: ________

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（與第 1 題共用。）[第 3 題] 工作坊日期：________

(Shared with Q1.) [Q4] Required footwear: ________

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（與第 1 題共用。）[第 4 題] 規定鞋款：________

(Shared with Q1.) [Q5] Deposit paid today: £________

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（與第 1 題共用。）[第 5 題] 今日已付押金：£________

(Shared with Q1.) [Q6] What is included in the workshop fee?

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（與第 1 題共用音檔。）[第 6 題] 工作坊費用包含哪些項目？

(Shared with Q1.) [Q7] Where should participants park their cars?

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[第 7 題] 活動參與者應該將車輛停放在哪裡？

(Shared with Q1.) [Q8] Why did Amara choose the November workshop instead of an October one?

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[Q8] 為什麼艾瑪拉選擇參加十一月的工作坊，而不是十月的？

(Shared with Q1.) [Q9] What does Tomas say about the Oakwood Activity Centre's facilities?

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[第 9 題] 關於奧克伍德活動中心（Oakwood Activity Centre）的設施，Tomas 說了什麼？

(Shared with Q1.) [Q10] Which TWO items are participants expected to carve during the weekend?

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[第 10 題] 參與者預計會在週末雕刻哪兩樣物品？

Hello everyone, and welcome to the newly renovated Northwood Community Eco-Hub. I'm Ingrid, and I'm thrilled to show you around our upgraded facilities today. Let's start with our ground floor layout. As you step through the main entrance, if you look immediately to your left, you'll see a bright space. We used to keep our historic archives there, but we've transformed this spot into our Organic Seed Bank, where you can borrow seeds for your home gardens. Now, moving forward past the main reception desk, on your right, there's a large room. Some visitors expect this to be the volunteer staff room, but that's actually upstairs; this ground-floor room is our Interactive Wet-Lab, where you can test local water samples. At the very end of the central corridor, directly opposite the entrance, you can go through the double doors into a spacious hall. We initially planned this area for the renewable energy display, but we realized the high ceilings here are perfect for the Local Wildlife Exhibit instead. If you walk through the far-left exit of that wildlife hall, you'll enter a smaller side annex. This cozy space was going to be the children's play zone, but it's now dedicated to our Upcycled Craft Workshop. Now, let's head back to the entrance area. There's a door on your immediate right as you enter. I sometimes forget that we moved things around, and I almost told a group yesterday that this was the renewable energy display—but that's actually down the narrow passage behind reception. This room right by the entrance door on the right actually houses our Heritage Photo Gallery, which showcases our town's green history. Now, regarding our grand opening schedule. While our members can visit starting tomorrow, the official opening to the general public is set for next Thursday. Please note that the weekend celebrations won't start until Saturday, so Thursday is the key date to remember. For those of you driving here, we have changed our parking rules. The front lot is now reserved entirely for electric vehicle charging. Regular cars must use the underground park, which is free for the first two hours, though you'll need to pay a flat fee if you stay longer. We've decided to close the old gravel parking area on the north side completely to make room for our new community garden. We've also updated our annual membership benefits. Previously, members got free entry to our seasonal workshops. Now, while those workshops actually require a small materials fee for everyone, annual members will instead receive a free monthly bag of organic compost. Additionally, we're still negotiating discounts with local eco-stores, so that benefit isn't active yet. Next, I'd like to mention our 'Green Pioneers' weekend programme for teenagers. In the past, they spent most of their time building birdhouses. This year, we wanted them to conduct soil experiments, but our lab equipment won't arrive in time. Instead, they will be focusing on mapping local tree species in the nearby reserve using a new mobile app. Before I let you explore, there are a few safety and housekeeping rules we must go over. First of all, we cannot allow any food or drinks inside the exhibition halls—please leave these in the lockers provided, though bottled water is perfectly fine. Also, while you're welcome to take photos of the exhibits, please ensure your camera flash is turned off, as it can damage some of our sensitive light-measuring equipment. You don't need to wear safety glasses unless you are entering the wet-lab, and please remember that children must be accompanied by an adult at all times in the workshop area, though they can roam freely in the main lobby. Lastly, please make sure you register your attendance at the reception desk before you leave today so we can send you your feedback survey. [Q11] Position 1 — the room immediately to the left of the main entrance

中文翻譯

大家好，歡迎來到全新翻修的諾斯伍德社區生態中心（Northwood Community Eco-Hub）。我是英格麗德（Ingrid），今天非常高興能帶大家參觀我們升級後的設施。我們先從一樓的格局開始吧。當您走進主入口時，如果立刻往左邊看，會看到一個明亮的空間。我們以前在這裡存放歷史檔案，但現在已經將這個地方改造成我們的「有機種子庫」（Organic Seed Bank），您可以從這裡借用種子帶回家中的花園種植。現在，越過中央服務台往前走，在您的右手邊有一間大房間。有些訪客以為這裡是志工辦公室，但那其實在樓上；這一樓的房間是我們的「互動式濕式實驗室」（Interactive Wet-Lab），您可以在這裡檢測當地的水質樣本。在中央走廊的盡頭，也就是正對入口的地方，您可以穿過雙開門進入一個寬敞的大廳。我們最初計劃將這個區域用於再生能源展示，但後來發現這裡的挑高天花板非常適合改作「本地野生動物展覽」（Local Wildlife Exhibit）。如果您從該野生動物展廳最左側的出口走出去，會進入一個較小的側邊別館。這個溫馨的空間原本計畫作為兒童遊樂區，但現在已專門用作我們的「升級改造手工藝工作坊」（Upcycled Craft Workshop）。現在，讓我們回到入口處。進門後的右手邊立刻有一扇門。我有時會忘記我們調整了位置，昨天差點跟一組訪客說這是再生能源展示區——但那實際上是在服務台後面的狹窄通道裡。緊鄰右手邊入口處的這個房間，實際上是我們的「歷史照片藝廊」（Heritage Photo Gallery），展示了我們小鎮的環保歷史。接下來是關於我們盛大開幕日程的消息。雖然我們的會員從明天開始就可以來訪，但對一般大眾的正式開放時間定在下週四。請注意，週末的慶祝活動要到週六才會開始，所以週四是需要記住的關鍵日子。對於開車前來的訪客，我們更改了停車規定。前方停車場現在完全預留給電動車充電使用。一般車輛必須使用地下停車場，前兩小時免費，但如果停留更長時間，則需要支付固定費用。我們已決定完全關閉北側舊的碎石停車場，以騰出空間建設我們新的社區花園。我們也更新了年度會員福利。以前，會員可以免費參加我們的季節性工作坊。現在，雖然每個人裝修與材料費實際上都需要支付少許費用，但年度會員每個月將改為免費獲得一袋有機堆肥。此外，我們仍在與當地的環保商店洽談折扣，因此該福利尚未啟用。接下來，我想提一下我們針對青少年開設的「綠色先鋒」（Green Pioneers）週末計畫。過去，他們大部分時間都在建造鳥屋。今年，我們本想讓他們進行土壤實驗，但我們的實驗室設備無法及時送達。相反地，他們將專注於使用一款新的行動應用程式，在附近的保護區繪製當地樹種的地圖。在讓大家自行參觀之前，有一些安全與館內規定我們必須先說明一下。首先，我們不允許攜帶任何食物或飲料進入展廳——請將這些物品放在我們提供的置物櫃中，不過瓶裝水是完全沒問題的。此外，雖然歡迎大家對展品拍照，但請確保關閉相機閃光燈，因為這可能會損壞我們一些敏感的測光設備。除非您要進入濕式實驗室，否則不需要配戴安全護目鏡；並請記住，孩童在工作坊區域內必須隨時由成人陪同，不過他們可以在大廳自由活動。最後，請務必在今天離開前在服務台登記您的出席，以便我們向您發送回饋意見調查。

(Shared with Q11.) [Q12] Position 2 — the room on the right side of the central corridor, past the reception desk

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用音檔。）[第 12 題] 位置 2 — 走過服務台後，位於中央走廊右側的房間

(Shared with Q11.) [Q13] Position 3 — the spacious hall at the far end of the central corridor

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用。）[第 13 題] 位置 3 ── 中央走廊盡頭的寬敞大廳

(Shared with Q11.) [Q14] Position 4 — the small side annex connected to the far-left of the main hall

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用音檔。）[第 14 題] 位置 4 — 連接在主大廳最左側的側邊小附屬建築

(Shared with Q11.) [Q15] Position 5 — the room on the immediate right of the entrance lobby

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用。）[第 15 題] 位置 5 — 入口大廳正右側的房間

(Shared with Q11.) [Q16] When will the Eco-Hub officially open to the general public?

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用）[第 16 題] Eco-Hub 什麼時候會正式對一般大眾開放？

(Shared with Q11.) [Q17] What is true about the new parking arrangements at the Eco-Hub?

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用。）[第 17 題] 關於 Eco-Hub 的新停車安排，下列敘述何者正確？

(Shared with Q11.) [Q18] What is a new benefit for annual members of the Eco-Hub?

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用。）[第 18 題] Eco-Hub 的年度會員可以獲得什麼新權益？

(Shared with Q11.) [Q19] What will teenagers do during this year's 'Green Pioneers' programme?

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用。）[第 19 題] 青少年在今年的「綠色先鋒」（Green Pioneers）計畫中將會做什麼？

(Shared with Q11.) [Q20] Which TWO things must visitors do when visiting the Eco-Hub?

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用。）[第 20 題] 造訪生態中心（Eco-Hub）時，訪客必須做哪兩件事？

A: Hello Aisha, Tomas. Come on in. Today we're reviewing your preparatory resources and planning for your upcoming joint seminar presentation on urban greening. How is your resource-matching coming along? B: Hi, Dr. Ingrid. We've looked at several different materials and we're trying to match them to our specific sections. First, we need something reliable for mapping out historical timelines of the city parks. C: Right. We initially thought of using the Municipal Archive database, but actually, the online search interface is so slow and clunky. Then we looked at the Sociology of Suburbs review, but that paper doesn't cover timelines at all. In the end, we found the Urban Planning Handbook was absolutely perfect for that because of its chronological charts. A: A sensible choice. What about qualitative sources? B: Yes, for getting actual local community views, we wanted some personal testimonies. The Metropolises textbook has excellent academic theories, but it's far too dry. We realized the City Design podcast series contains interviews with neighborhood residents, which is exactly what we need. C: And we also need some visual diagrams of park layouts. We thought the Green Spaces article would have plenty, but it turned out to be mostly text and statistics. Then we checked the Metropolises textbook, and its third chapter has amazing, high-resolution architectural schematics of public squares. A: Excellent. What about statistics on soil quality and environmental impact? You mentioned you needed hard scientific data. B: Ah, yes. We thought about using the podcast, but obviously that's just audio. We checked... wait, actually, I thought we checked the Municipal Archive database first, but that was for the timelines. No, for the soil data, we looked at the archive database but its reports are from the nineties—completely outdated. Fortunately, the Green Spaces article has a comprehensive appendix with up-to-date soil test figures. C: Lastly, we need to compare theoretical frameworks regarding suburban segregation. We hoped the Urban Planning Handbook would cover it, but it's purely practical. Aisha suggested the Sociology of Suburbs review, and she was right—the literature review there summarizes all the key academic debates brilliantly. A: That's a solid selection of sources. Now, how are you two finding the collaborative aspect of this project? Tomas, I remember you had some reservations based on your group work last semester. C: Yes, indeed. Last term, we wasted so much time trying to figure out the shared digital workspace—though we eventually got the hang of it. And we actually agreed on our topic right away. The real issue was that two of us ended up doing almost all the reading and writing, while the others barely contributed. I wanted to avoid that this time. B: Well, Tomas and I decided on a very deliberate approach. Rather than sitting down and drafting paragraphs together—which we knew would take forever—or just swapping our roles later, we looked at our strengths. Tomas is great at data analysis, so he's handling the charts, while I'm doing the writing because of my background in literature. It's much more efficient. A: That sounds like a much fairer division of labor. Now, I've had a look at your draft introduction. Your definition of urban greening is very precise, and you've given a concise, balanced history without overdoing it. However, you've jumped straight into the municipal garden case study without explaining why this particular site is significant or representative of larger trends. You need to make that connection explicit for the audience. C: Thanks, Dr. Ingrid. We'll add a paragraph explaining our choice of site. Regarding the delivery itself, we want to make sure we don't look like we're just reading off slides. I suggested we cut down the slideshow to just five slides, but Aisha thinks we need the visual aids. B: Yes, we need the slides, but we shouldn't rely on scripts either. I think if we record ourselves presenting on our phones and play it back, we can spot where we sound too robotic. We initially thought about memorizing everything word-for-word, but that actually makes you sound more artificial if you lose your place. C: That's true. Let's go with the recording method then. A: One final tip for the question-and-answer session at the end. Students often stumble here. Firstly, if someone asks a question that is slightly confusing, don't rush into an answer. Restate it in your own words to confirm you've understood, which also buys you some thinking time. C: That's a great strategy. Should we have some extra slides ready in case they ask for more detailed data? A: You can, but it often distracts from the flow. I'd actually advise against that. Instead, remember that you don't have to know everything. If someone asks about a topic beyond what you researched, it's perfectly fine to say that it falls outside the scope of your current project, rather than trying to guess. You should both participate equally in answering, and don't worry about keeping your answers to a strict time limit like under a minute; just make sure they are thorough. [Q21] historical timelines of city parks

中文翻譯

A：哈囉，Aisha、Tomas。快進來。今天我們要來檢視你們的準備資源，並為你們即將進行的都市綠化聯合專題研討會報告做規劃。你們的資源配對進行得怎麼樣了？ B：嗨，Ingrid 教授。我們看了一些不同的資料，正試著把它們配對到各自負責的章節。首先，我們需要可靠的資料來規劃出市區公園的歷史時間軸。 C：沒錯。我們起初想用市政檔案資料庫，但實際上，它的線上搜尋介面又慢又難用。接著我們看了《郊區社會學》評論，但那篇論文根本沒有提到時間軸。最後，我們發現《都市計畫手冊》非常完美，因為裡面有按時間順序排列的圖表。 A：明智的選擇。那質性資料呢？ B：有的，為了取得當地社區的實際看法，我們想要一些個人陳述。《大都市》教科書有很棒的學術理論，但內容太枯燥了。我們發現《都市設計》系列 Podcast 包含了對社區居民的訪談，這正是我們需要的。 C：我們還需要一些公園規劃的視覺圖表。我們以為《綠色空間》文章會有很多，但結果發現大部分都是文字和數據。然後我們查了《大都市》教科書，它的第三章有非常棒、解析度極高的公共廣場建築示意圖。 A：太好了。那關於土壤品質和環境影響的數據呢？你們提過需要確切的科學數據。 B：啊，對。我們想過用 Podcast，但那顯然只有音檔。我們查了……等等，我以為我們是先查市政檔案資料庫，但那是為了時間軸。不對，關於土壤數據，我們查了檔案資料庫，但它的報告是九十年代的——完全過時了。幸好，《綠色空間》文章的附錄非常完整，有最新的土壤檢測數據。 C：最後，我們需要比較關於郊區隔離的理論框架。我們本來希望《都市計畫手冊》會提到，但它純粹是實務導向。Aisha 建議了《郊區社會學》評論，她是對的——裡面的文獻評論非常精彩地總結了所有關鍵的學術爭論。 A：這些資源挑選得很好。那麼，你們兩位覺得這個專案的合作過程怎麼樣？Tomas，我記得你因為上學期的分組報告而有一些顧慮。 C：是的，確實。上學期，我們浪費了超多時間在搞懂共享數位工作空間——雖然我們最後掌握了訣竅。而且我們其實馬上就對主題達成共識。真正的問題是，我們之中有兩個人最後幾乎包辦了所有的閱讀和寫作，而其他人幾乎沒有貢獻。這次我想避免這種情況。 B：嗯，Tomas 和我決定採取一個非常謹慎的做法。與其坐下來一起起草段落（我們 know 這會花上大把時間），或是之後再交換角色，我們選擇根據各自的優勢來分工。Tomas 很擅長數據分析，所以他負責處理圖表，而我有文學背景，所以由我來寫作。這樣效率高多了。 A：聽起來是個公平得多的分工方式。現在，我看了你們的引言草稿。你們對都市綠化的定義非常精準，也簡明扼要、客觀地介紹了歷史，沒有過度渲染。然而，你們直接跳到了市政花園的案例研究，卻沒有解釋為什麼這個特定地點具有代表性，或如何反映出更大的趨勢。你們需要向聽眾明確說明這個關聯。 C：謝謝 Ingrid 教授。我們會加上一個段落來解釋我們選擇這個地點的原因。至於報告本身的呈現，我們想確保自己看起來不是照著投影片唸。我建議把簡報刪到只剩五張，但 Aisha 認為我們需要這些視覺輔助。 B：是的，我們需要投影片，但我們也不應該依賴講稿。我覺得如果我們用手機錄下自己報告的樣子再播出來聽，就能找出哪裡聽起來太像機器人。我們起初想過要把每個字都背下來，但如果忘詞了，反而會聽起來更不自然。 C：沒錯。那我們就用錄音的方法吧。 A：最後一個關於結尾問答環節的建議。學生常常在這裡卡住。首先，如果有人問了一個有點令人困惑的問題，不要急著回答。用你自己的話重新說明一次，以確認你理解了，這也能幫你爭取一些思考時間。 C：這真是個好策略。我們需要準備一些備用投影片，以防他們要求更詳細的數據嗎？ A：可以，但這往往會打亂報告的流暢度。我其實建議不要這麼做。相反地，記住你不需要知道所有事情。如果有人問了超出你們研究範圍的問題，大方承認這超出了目前專案的範圍即可，不要試著用猜的。你們兩個人應該平等地參與回答，不用擔心把回答時間限制在一分鐘以內，只要確保回答完整即可。

(Shared with Q21.) [Q22] local community views and testimonies

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（與第 21 題共用）[Q22] 當地社區的看法與證言

(Shared with Q21.) [Q23] visual diagrams of park layouts

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（與第 21 題共用。）[第 23 題] 公園配置的視覺示意圖

(Shared with Q21.) [Q24] environmental statistics and soil data

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（與第 21 題共用音檔。）[第 24 題] 環境統計數據與土壤資料

(Shared with Q21.) [Q25] theoretical frameworks on suburban segregation

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（與第 21 題共用。）[第 25 題] 郊區隔離的理論架構

(Shared with Q21.) [Q26] What was Tomas's main grievance regarding his group work experience in the previous semester?

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（與第 21 題共用。）[第 26 題] 湯瑪斯對於上學期的分組合作經驗，最主要的不滿是什麼？

(Shared with Q21.) [Q27] Aisha explains that their current project's division of labor is based on

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（與第 21 題共用）[第 27 題] 艾莎解釋說，他們目前專案的分工是依據：

(Shared with Q21.) [Q28] What primary concern does Dr. Ingrid raise about the draft introduction?

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（與第 21 題共用音檔。）[第 28 題] 英格麗博士對前言草稿提出了什麼主要顧慮？

(Shared with Q21.) [Q29] To improve their presentation delivery, the students decide to

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（與第 21 題共用。）[第 29 題] 為了提升簡報的表達效果，學生們決定：

(Shared with Q21.) [Q30] Which TWO strategies does Dr. Ingrid recommend for the post-presentation Q&A session?

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（與第 21 題共用。）[第 30 題] 英格麗博士建議在簡報後的問答環節中採取哪兩種策略？

Good morning, everyone. Today, we're exploring the remarkable survival strategies of the Highland Silver-Leaf, a resilient plant native to the windswept peaks of the Southern Alps. To withstand temperatures that routinely plummet below freezing at night, this plant has evolved a dense, woolly coating of white hairs. Now, while early researchers assumed these silver hairs primarily served to deter grazing herbivores, recent micro-climate measurements reveal their main function is actually to trap heat and block harmful ultraviolet radiation. In fact, during our team's initial surveys, we predicted the internal leaf temperature would match the surrounding air, which was negative five degrees; however, we were astonished to record a cozy ten degrees—sorry, actually, it was twelve degrees Celsius inside the leaf bud itself, which is a massive difference. But survival isn't just about keeping warm; it's also about reproduction, which poses a unique challenge because high-altitude pollinators are incredibly scarce. The Highland Silver-Leaf overcomes this by employing two distinct insect-attracting strategies: a sweet, honey-like scent released during the brief midday warmth, and a bright ultraviolet pattern on its petals that is completely invisible to human eyes but highly luminous to alpine bees. Interestingly, our graduate researcher, Ingrid, discovered that this plant's nectar contains exceptionally high concentrations of glucose, which acts as a natural anti-freeze, preventing the nectar from crystallizing even on the coldest nights, while also providing a high-energy reward that bees simply cannot resist. Let’s turn now to the surrounding ecosystem and look at how the plant interacts with other local species, particularly four types of alpine insects: the Hoverfly, the Mountain Beetle, the Weevil, and the Plume Moth. The Hoverfly is purely beneficial; it feeds on nectar and is the primary pollinator, whereas the Mountain Beetle plays a dual role, occasionally pollinating but also chewing on the lower stems when other food is scarce. Then we have the Weevil, which is a devastating pest because its larvae burrow deep into the root system, severely dehydrating the plant. Finally, the Plume Moth exhibits an unusual parasitic relationship; its caterpillars spin silk webs around the flower buds, which actually shields the developing buds from frost, though it unfortunately prevents them from opening fully. These intricate interactions highlight how a single plant species forms the cornerstone of a fragile, high-altitude food web, proving that even the smallest organisms can have profound ecological significance. [Q31] What did early researchers believe was the main purpose of the Highland Silver-Leaf's white hairs?

中文翻譯

大家早。今天我們要探討高地銀葉草（Highland Silver-Leaf）卓越的生存策略，這是一種原生於南阿爾卑斯山脈、常年受風吹襲之山頂的強韌植物。為了抵禦夜間經常降至冰點以下的低溫，這種植物演化出了茂密且如羊毛般的白色細毛覆蓋物。雖然早期研究人員認為這些銀色細毛的主要作用是阻嚇草食性動物啃食，但近期的微氣候測量結果顯示，它們的主要功能實際上是鎖住熱量並阻擋有害的紫外線輻射。事實上，在我們團隊的初步調查中，我們曾預測葉片內部的溫度會與周圍零下五度的氣溫一致；然而，我們驚訝地發現，葉芽內部的溫度高達舒適的十度——抱歉，實際上是攝氏十二度，這是一個極大的差異。但生存不僅僅是為了保暖，還關乎繁殖，而這帶來了獨特的挑戰，因為高海拔地區的授粉媒介極其匱乏。高地銀葉草透過兩種不同的吸引昆蟲策略來克服這個問題：在中午短暫溫暖的時間釋放甜美如蜂蜜般的香氣，以及在花瓣上呈現人類肉眼完全看不見、但對高山蜜蜂來說極為明亮的紫外線圖案。有趣的是，我們的研究生英格麗德（Ingrid）發現，這種植物的花蜜含有極高濃度的葡萄糖，這起到了天然防凍劑的作用，即使在最寒冷的夜晚也能防止花蜜結晶，同時還能提供蜜蜂無法抗拒的高能量回報。現在讓我們轉向周圍的生態系統，看看這種植物如何與其他當地物種互動，特別是四種高山昆蟲：食蚜蠅（Hoverfly）、山甲蟲（Mountain Beetle）、象鼻蟲（Weevil）和羽蛾（Plume Moth）。食蚜蠅是完全有益的，它以花蜜為食且是主要的授粉媒介；而山甲蟲則扮演雙重角色，偶爾會幫忙授粉，但在其他食物匱乏時也會啃食植株下方的莖部。接著是象鼻蟲，這是一種具毀滅性的害蟲，因為牠們的幼蟲會鑽入根系深處，導致植物嚴重脫水。最後，羽蛾展現了一種不尋常的寄生關係；其幼蟲會在花芽周圍吐絲結網，這實際上保護了發育中的花芽免受霜凍，但可惜的是，這也會阻礙花芽完全綻放。這些錯綜複雜的互動凸顯了單一植物物種如何構成脆弱的高海拔食物網基石，證明了即使是最小的生物也能具有深遠的生態意義。［第三十一題］早期研究人員認為高地銀葉草白色細毛的主要用途是什麼？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q32] What was the actual temperature recorded inside the plant's leaf bud during the survey?

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（與第 31 題共用）[第 32 題] 在調查期間，該植物葉芽內測得的實際溫度是多少？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q33] What does the lecturer say about the ultraviolet pattern on the plant's petals?

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（與第 31 題共用）[第 33 題] 關於該植物花瓣上的紫外線圖案，講師說了什麼？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q34] What did Ingrid discover about the plant's nectar?

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（與第 31 題共用。）[第 34 題] 關於這種植物的花蜜，英格麗發現了什麼？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q35] Why does the lecturer find the plant's nectar especially appealing to bees?

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（與第 31 題共用。）[第 35 題] 講師認為這種植物的花蜜為什麼對蜜蜂特別有吸引力？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q36] Which TWO facts are mentioned about the Highland Silver-Leaf's survival and reproductive adaptations?

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（與第 31 題共用音檔。）[第 36 題] 關於高地銀葉草（Highland Silver-Leaf）的生存與繁殖適應，文中提到了哪兩個事實？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q37] Hoverfly

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（與第 31 題共用）[第 37 題] 食蚜蠅

(Shared with Q31.) [Q38] Mountain Beetle

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（與第 31 題共用）[第 38 題] 高山甲蟲

(Shared with Q31.) [Q39] Weevil

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（與第 31 題共用）[第 39 題] 象鼻蟲

(Shared with Q31.) [Q40] Plume Moth

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（與第 31 題共用。）[第 40 題] 羽蛾