IELTS 雅思 聽力原創模擬試題 4

A: Good morning, Metro Appliance Services. My name is Anna. How can I help you today? B: Hi Anna. I need to request a repair for my refrigerator. It's under warranty, but it's stopped cooling properly. A: I can certainly help with that. First, let's get your details on our system. Can I have your name, please? B: Yes, it's Lukas Varga. That's L-U-K-A-S, and the last name is spelled V-A-R-G-A. A: Thank you, Mr. Varga. And do you have your customer reference number handy? B: Yes, I have it on my agreement. It's... let me see... HF-nine-double-eight-two-one. Oh, wait, sorry, that's my old one. The new one is HF-nine-eight-eight-three-one. A: Got it, HF-nine-eight-eight-three-one. Let me pull that up... Yes, I see your account. You have our Premium cover. I just need to verify your address. Is it still fourteen Brookside Avenue? B: Actually, I moved last month. I'm now at forty-two Maple Street. A: Okay, I've updated that. Now, what seems to be the issue with the refrigerator? B: Well, the freezer compartment is working fine, but the main compartment is quite warm. And there's a strange noise coming from the back, like a loud buzzing sound. A: I see. Under your Premium cover, the cost of parts and labour is fully covered. However, please note that any damage caused by food spills or blockages is not covered and would incur a call-out fee. But since it's a buzzing noise, it's likely a mechanical issue, which is fully covered. B: That's a relief. It definitely sounds mechanical. When can someone come? A: We have slots available tomorrow morning between eight and twelve, or in the afternoon between one and five. B: Tomorrow afternoon works better for me. I have a meeting in the morning. A: Perfect, I'll book you in for the afternoon slot. The technician, David, will call you about thirty minutes before he arrives. B: Excellent. Will I need to prepare anything? A: Yes, please ensure the area around the refrigerator is clear. And we'll need someone over the age of eighteen to sign the paperwork when the job is done. B: Yes, I will be home. Thank you very much! A: You're welcome, Mr. Varga. Have a good day! [Q1] Customer's surname: ________

中文翻譯

A：早上好，Metro 家電服務。我是 Anna。今天有什麼我可以幫您的嗎？ B：嗨，Anna。我想申請維修我的冰箱。它還在保固期內，但現在沒辦法正常製冷了。 A：沒問題，我很樂意為您服務。首先，讓我們在系統中登記您的資料。請問您的姓名是？ B：好的，我是 Lukas Varga。名字拼法是 L-U-K-A-S，姓氏則是 V-A-R-G-A。 A：謝謝您，Varga 先生。那您手邊有您的客戶編號嗎？ B：有的，我的合約書上有寫。我看看……是 HF-98821。噢，等等，抱歉，那是舊的。新的是 HF-98831。 A：好的，HF-98831。我來搜尋一下……有了，我看到您的帳戶了。您使用的是我們的尊榮方案。我需要跟您核對一下地址，目前還是 Brookside 大道 14 號嗎？ B：其實我上個月搬家了。我現在住在楓葉街 42 號。 A：好的，我已經更新了。那麼，請問冰箱目前是什麼狀況呢？ B：嗯，冷凍庫運作正常，但冷藏室滿熱的。而且後面傳來奇怪的噪音，聽起來像很大的嗡嗡聲。 A：我了解了。在您的尊榮方案下，零件和人工費用是完全保固的。不過請注意，任何因食物潑灑或堵塞造成的損壞皆不在保固範圍內，且會收取車馬費。但既然有嗡嗡聲，這很可能是機械故障，這部分是完全保固的。 B：那我就放心了。聽起來確實是機械問題。那什麼時候可以派人過來呢？ A：我們明天早上 8 點到 12 點，或是下午 1 點到 5 點都有空檔。 B：明天下午對我來說比較方便。我早上有個會議。 A：沒問題，那我幫您預約下午的時間。技術人員 David 會在抵達前大約 30 分鐘打電話給您。 B：太好了。我需要事先準備什麼嗎？ A：需要的，請確保冰箱周圍的區域清理乾淨。另外，工作完成時，我們需要一位年滿 18 歲的人員簽收維修單。 B：沒問題，我會在家。非常感謝您！ A：不客氣，Varga 先生。祝您有美好的一天！

(Shared with Q1.) [Q2] Customer reference number: ________

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[第 2 題] 客戶參考編號：________

(Shared with Q1.) [Q3] Current address: 42 ________ Street

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[第 3 題] 目前地址：42 ________ Street

(Shared with Q1.) [Q4] Problem reported: a loud ________ sound from the back

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用）[第 4 題] 報修問題：後方傳出巨大的 ________ 聲

(Shared with Q1.) [Q5] Policy exclusion: damage from food spills or ________

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[第 5 題] 保單除外責任：因食物溢出或 ________ 造成的損壞

(Shared with Q1.) [Q6] When is the repair technician scheduled to visit Lukas?

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[第 6 題] 維修人員預計何時會去拜訪 Lukas？

(Shared with Q1.) [Q7] Who will phone Lukas shortly before the appointment?

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[第 7 題] 誰會在預約時間前不久打電話給 Lukas？

(Shared with Q1.) [Q8] What is Lukas asked to do to prepare for the visit?

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用）[Q8] 盧卡斯被要求做什麼準備以迎接到訪？

(Shared with Q1.) [Q9] What must happen when the repair is completed?

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用音檔。）[Q9] 維修完成後，必須做什麼？

(Shared with Q1.) [Q10] Which TWO items are fully covered under Lukas's Premium warranty plan?

中文翻譯

（與第 1 題共用。）[Q10] 下列哪兩項完全包含在 Lukas 的尊榮保固方案中？

Hello everyone, and welcome to the newly renovated Greenfield Cultural Hub. My name is Sofia, and I’m delighted to show you around our upgraded facility today. Before we begin our walkthrough, let me mention that our major renovation wasn’t actually intended to expand our total visitor capacity, which was already quite sufficient, nor did we need to repair any historical structural damage since the building is perfectly sound. Instead, our primary goal was to comply with current environmental standards, particularly by upgrading our heating systems and insulation to reduce our carbon footprint by half. Now, let’s look at the layout of the ground floor so you can find your way around easily. We are currently standing in the main lobby, just inside the entrance. If you look immediately to your left, that first room is our brand-new Tool Lending Library, where members can borrow everything from drills to garden shears. Directly opposite the main reception desk, on the right side of the corridor, is a bright space. You might expect this to be the IT suite, but that’s actually been relocated upstairs; this ground-floor room is now our Pottery Studio, complete with brand-new electric kilns. Moving further down the main corridor, the large area at the very end on the far left, just beyond the glass partition, is our Community Cafe. We initially planned a children's playroom for that spot, but decided a social dining space was more urgently needed. Now, right behind the reception desk, there is a narrow room. Many people assume it's just a staff storage closet, but it actually houses our Heritage Archive, which is packed with local historical records. Finally, if you head out to the rear courtyard, you'll see an outdoor annex on the far right. We had planned to use this as a garden shed—oh, wait, let me correct myself, the garden tools are actually kept in the main building—so that outdoor annex has been fully set up as our Bicycle Workshop for public repairs. Speaking of facilities, while borrowing items from the tool library requires a small annual subscription, and we must charge for the clay and materials in the pottery studio to cover our costs, you can access the high-speed internet in the IT suite completely free of charge. The same goes for the search databases in the heritage archive, which are free for everyone to browse. Regarding our rental spaces, let's talk about the Multi-purpose Hall upstairs. While anyone can rent it, our policy offers priority booking to local non-profit groups rather than commercial entities. To use our facilities, you'll need a membership card. It is entirely free for residents living within the municipal boundary, though students from outside the area can get a discount on their registration fee. Lastly, if you'd like to help us run the centre, we have a volunteer training session. We originally planned this for Saturday morning, but we have now moved it to a Thursday evening slot to make it easier for working people to attend. Now, let’s head upstairs to see the hall... [Q11] Position 1 — The room immediately on your left as you walk through the main entrance

中文翻譯

大家好，歡迎來到全新翻修的格林菲爾德文化中心。我是索菲亞，很高興今天能帶大家參觀我們升級後的館舍。在我們開始導覽之前，我想先說明，這次的大規模翻修其實並不是為了擴大我們的總容客量（這本來就相當充足），也不是為了修復任何歷史性的結構損傷（因為這棟建築結構非常完好）。相反地，我們的主要目標是符合目前的環保標準，特別是透過升級暖氣系統和隔熱設備，將我們的碳足跡減半。現在，讓我們來看看一樓的格局，以便大家能輕鬆找到方向。我們目前正站在大門剛進來的主大廳。如果您往左手邊看，第一個房間就是我們全新的工具借閱館，會員可以在這裡借用從電鑽到園藝剪刀的所有工具。就在主服務台正對面、走廊的右側，是一個明亮的空間。您可能會以為這裡是資訊技術室，但那其實已經搬到樓上了；這一樓的房間現在是我們的陶藝工作室，配有全新的電窯。沿著主走廊再往前走，最左端盡頭、玻璃隔板後方的寬敞區域是我們的社區咖啡廳。我們最初計劃在那個位置設置兒童遊戲室，但後來決定更迫切需要一個社交餐飲空間。現在，就在服務台正後方，有一個狹窄的房間。很多人以為那只是員工儲藏室，但它實際上是我們的文獻檔案庫，裡面裝滿了當地的歷史記錄。最後，如果您走到後院，會看到最右側有一個戶外別館。我們原本計劃將其用作園藝工具棚——喔，等等，讓我更正一下，園藝工具實際上是放在主建築裡——所以那個戶外別館已經完全規劃為我們的自行車維修站，供大眾維修使用。提到設施，雖然從工具借閱館借用物品需要支付少許年費，且我們必須對陶藝工作室的陶土和材料收費以彌補成本，但您可以完全免費使用資訊技術室的高速網路。文獻檔案庫中的查詢資料庫也是如此，所有人都可以免費瀏覽。關於我們的租借空間，來談談樓上的多功能廳。雖然任何人都可以租用，但我們的政策是優先提供給當地的非營利團體預約，而非商業機構。要使用我們的設施，您需要一張會員卡。對於居住在市界內的居民是完全免費的，不過來自外地的學生可以獲得註冊費優惠。最後，如果您想協助我們營運中心，我們設有志工培訓課程。我們最初計劃在週六上午進行，但現在已改到週四晚上的時段，以便上班族能更容易參加。現在，我們上樓去看看大廳吧……

(Shared with Q11.) [Q12] Position 2 — The space directly opposite the main reception desk, on the right side of the corridor

中文翻譯

位置 2 — 走廊右側、正對主接待櫃台的空間

(Shared with Q11.) [Q13] Position 3 — The large area at the end of the main corridor, on the far left

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用音檔。） [第 13 題] 位置 3 — 主走廊盡頭最左側的大區域

(Shared with Q11.) [Q14] Position 4 — The narrow room situated directly behind the reception desk

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用音檔。）[第 14 題] 位置 4 — 位於接待櫃檯正後方的狹窄房間

(Shared with Q11.) [Q15] Position 5 — The outdoor annex located next to the rear courtyard exit, on the far right

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用。）[第 15 題] 位置 5 — 位於後院出口旁、最右側的室外附屬建築

(Shared with Q11.) [Q16] What was the main reason for the recent renovations at the Greenfield Cultural Hub?

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用）[Q16] 格林菲爾德文化中心最近進行整修的主要原因是什麼？

(Shared with Q11.) [Q17] What does the speaker say about booking the Multi-purpose Hall?

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用）[第 17 題] 關於預訂多功能廳，講者說了什麼？

(Shared with Q11.) [Q18] Who can obtain a membership card for free?

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用。）[第 18 題] 誰可以免費取得會員卡？

(Shared with Q11.) [Q19] What change has been made to the upcoming volunteer training session?

中文翻譯

（與第 11 題共用。）[第 19 題] 即將舉辦的志工培訓課程做了什麼調整？

(Shared with Q11.) [Q20] Which TWO of the following facilities or services are free to use without any rental or material fees?

中文翻譯

（與第11題共用。）[第20題] 下列哪兩項設施或服務可免費使用，且不需支付任何租借或材料費用？

A: Hello, Mei-Ling. Thanks for coming in. I've spent some time reviewing your draft report on the ecological soil filtration experiment. You've done some really solid work with these prototype filters. B: Thanks, Dr. Hassan. I was honestly a bit worried about the coconut husk filter. It didn't seem to drain as quickly as the charcoal one, and I actually had to repeat the trial... wait, not twice, but three times in total, because I accidentally spilled the water sample on my first attempt! A: Well, spills are just part of the learning curve in pilot testing. Let's look at the feedback for each layer of your filter setup. First, for the charcoal layer, you've demonstrated that it's excellent at removing impurities. However, the pieces you used were quite uneven, so you'll need to standardize its particle size for the final run. B: Ah, yes, some pieces were tiny and others were huge. I'll make sure they are all the same size next time. What about the coconut husk? I was thinking I might need to swap it out for a different material entirely. A: Actually, no, don't swap it. The slow drainage you mentioned is actually a benefit because it allows more contact time with the organic fibers. So, instead of replacing it, you should just extend the filtration time in your experimental protocol to let it do its job. B: Understood. I will allocate more hours for that stage. But I'm really concerned about the dried banana peels. They started to rot after only forty-eight hours. A: Yes, decomposing organic matter will ruin your filtration water. But don't throw away the concept yet. You just need to modify the drying process before you pack them into the filter. If you freeze-dry them instead of air-drying them, it should prevent that mold from forming. B: That makes sense. I can use the lab's freeze-dryer. Now, regarding the river sand layer... it got clogged up pretty quickly. Do you think I should use a coarser sand? A: The sand grade is actually fine, but the issue is you packed too much of it into the column. I'd suggest you reduce the overall volume of the sand layer to just a very thin sheet at the base. B: Right, less sand. And what about the gravel layer at the very bottom? I didn't see it doing much filtering. A: The gravel is just there to support the other layers and prevent them from washing out. It doesn't need to filter anything, so you can leave it as it is without making any changes. B: Great, that saves me some work! Let's talk about my presentation draft. I tried to cover everything, but I feel like the slides are a bit too dense with text. A: They are a bit text-heavy, yes. In your introduction, you spent a lot of slides explaining the exact chemical properties of each industrial pollutant. Since our audience is general environmental science students, you should trim down the chemistry details and instead emphasize the physical flow rates. B: Okay, I'll cut down on the chemical structures. I also worried that the flowchart of my experimental steps was a bit too basic. A: No, actually, the flowchart is excellent because it clearly labels the independent variables. I wouldn't touch it. But your results graph—the bar chart comparing the flow rates—is problematic. You started the vertical axis at ten percent rather than zero. B: Oh, right! That makes the differences between the filters look way bigger than they actually are. A: Exactly, it's misleading. Correct that visual scale so it's a fair representation. And finally, when you write your conclusion, don't just focus on which filter is the fastest. Make sure to emphasize the economic viability of the system, because the target communities need something cheap to build, even if it's slightly slower. B: I understand. I'll make sure to highlight the cost-effectiveness. Thank you so much for the guidance, Dr. Hassan! [Q21] Charcoal layer

中文翻譯

A：哈囉，美玲。謝謝妳過來。我花了一些時間審閱妳關於生態土壤過濾實驗的報告草稿。妳在這些過濾器原型上做得很紮實。 B：謝謝哈桑教授。老實說，我之前有點擔心椰子殼過濾器。它的排水速度似乎不像木炭過濾器那麼快，而且我實際上必須重做這個實驗……等等，不是兩次，是總共做了三次，因為我第一次嘗試時不小心把水樣弄翻了！ A：嗯，在初步測試中，液體潑灑只是學習過程的一部分。我們來看看對妳過濾裝置中每一層的建議。首先，關於木炭層，妳已經證明了它在去除雜質方面表現優異。然而，妳使用的木炭碎片相當不均勻，所以妳在最終實驗中需要統一它的顆粒大小（standardize its particle size）。 B：啊，對，有些碎片很小，有些卻很大。我下次會確保它們的尺寸都一樣。那椰子殼呢？我本來在想是不是需要把它完全更換成其他材料。 A：其實不用，別換掉它。妳提到的排水緩慢實際上是一個優點，因為這能增加與有機纖維的接觸時間。所以，妳不需要更換它，只需要在實驗步驟中延長過濾時間（extend the filtration time），讓它發揮作用即可。 B：明白了。我會在這個階段分配更多時間。但我真的很擔心乾燥香蕉皮。它們才過了四十八小時就開始腐爛了。 A：是的，分解中的有機物會毀了妳的過濾水。但先別放棄這個想法。妳只需要在把香蕉皮放入過濾器之前，修改其乾燥程序（modify the drying process）。如果妳用冷凍乾燥代替風乾，應該就能防止發霉。 B：有道理。我可以使用實驗室的冷凍乾燥機。現在，關於河砂層……它很快就堵塞了。您覺得我應該使用更粗的砂子嗎？ A：砂子的粗細其實沒問題，問題在於妳在管柱中裝了太多砂子。我建議妳減少河砂層的整體體積（reduce the overall volume of the sand layer），在底部鋪上極薄的一層即可。 B：好的，少一點砂子。那最底部的礫石層呢？我沒看到它發揮什麼過濾作用。 A：礫石只是用來支撐其他層，防止它們被沖走。它不需要過濾任何東西，所以妳可以保持原樣，不需要做任何更換（leave it as it is without making any changes）。 B：太好了，這省了我一些工作！我們來討論一下我的簡報草稿。我試圖涵蓋所有內容，但我覺得投影片的文字有點太密集了。 A：沒錯，文字確實有點多。在引言中，妳花了好多張投影片來解釋每種工業污染物的確切化學特性。因為我們的聽眾是一般的環境科學學生，妳應該刪減化學細節，轉而強調物理流速。 B：好的，我會刪減化學結構。我也擔心我的實驗步驟流程圖有點太簡單了。 A：不，實際上流程圖非常棒，因為它清楚標示了自變數。我不會去更動它。但是妳的結果圖表——比較流速的長條圖——有點問題。妳的縱軸起點是百分之十，而不是零。 B：啊，對！這讓過濾器之間的差異看起來比實際上的要大得多。 A：沒錯，這會產生誤導。修正那個視覺比例，使其能公平呈現。最後，在撰寫結論時，不要只專注於哪種過濾器最快。務必強調該系統的經濟可行性，因為目標社群需要造價便宜的東西，即使過濾速度稍微慢一點也無妨。 B：我明白了。我一定會強調成本效益。非常感謝哈桑教授的指導！

(Shared with Q21.) [Q22] Coconut husk

中文翻譯

（與第 21 題共用）[第 22 題] 椰子殼

(Shared with Q21.) [Q23] Banana peels

中文翻譯

(與第 21 題共用。) [第 23 題] 香蕉皮

(Shared with Q21.) [Q24] River sand

中文翻譯

（與第21題共用。）[第24題] 河砂

(Shared with Q21.) [Q25] Gravel layer

中文翻譯

（與第 21 題共用。）[第 25 題] 礫石層

(Shared with Q21.) [Q26] What does Dr. Hassan suggest about the introduction of Mei-Ling's presentation?

中文翻譯

（與第 21 題共用。）[第 26 題] 哈桑博士對美玲簡報的引言部分有何建議？

(Shared with Q21.) [Q27] What is Dr. Hassan's opinion of the flowchart in the methodology section?

中文翻譯

（與第 21 題共用。）[第 27 題] 哈珊博士對研究方法章節中的流程圖有何看法？

(Shared with Q21.) [Q28] Why does the bar chart in the results section need to be modified?

中文翻譯

（與第 21 題共用。）[第 28 題] 為什麼結果部分的長條圖需要修改？

(Shared with Q21.) [Q29] What key factor does Dr. Hassan want Mei-Ling to emphasize in her conclusion?

中文翻譯

（與第 21 題共用。）[第 29 題] 哈桑博士希望美玲在結論中強調哪一個關鍵因素？

(Shared with Q21.) [Q30] Which TWO things did Mei-Ling experience during the pilot stage of her project?

中文翻譯

（與第 21 題共用。）［第 30 題］美玲在專案的試行階段經歷了哪兩件事？

Good morning everyone, and welcome back to our series on urban history. Today, we're going to explore the social impact of early street-lighting systems, an innovation that did far more than simply illuminate dark streets; it fundamentally restructured daily human life. Now, if we look back to the late medieval period, public safety at night was treated as an individual civic duty rather than a state responsibility. Many cities introduced "lantern laws," which required residents to hang a light outside their homes during winter. Actually, there's a common misconception that this practice was first officially mandated in 1580, but records reveal it was actually introduced as early as 1414, though it wasn't systematically enforced until the late sixteenth century. Under these laws, homeowners faced fines if their candles went out, placing the burden of security entirely on private citizens. This began to change in the late seventeenth century with the introduction of public oil lamps, which were maintained by hired contractors. This transition created new jobs, most notably for "link-boys" and lamp-lighters, and it altered the nighttime economy, as people began visiting coffee houses and theatres instead of rushing home at sunset. However, this change wasn't universally welcomed: religious critics argued that artificial light interfered with the natural order of day and night, while wealthy merchants claimed that the flickering shadows cast by the lamps actually made it easier for pickpockets to operate unseen. By the nineteenth century, gas lighting revolutionized cities, but it also brought severe environmental hazards. Originally, researchers believed that the toxic runoffs from gasworks only polluted local waterways, but recent soil analyses have shown that these chemical byproducts deeply contaminated nearby farming land, rendering it sterile for decades. The social response to gas lighting was highly divided among different urban groups. For instance, the traditional night watchmen strongly opposed the technology, fearing it would make their roles obsolete and cost them their livelihoods. Conversely, factory owners enthusiastically embraced gas lamps, installing them to force employees to work long into the night, while shopkeepers saw a massive boom in evening sales as customers browsed illuminated window displays. Yet, for domestic servants, this meant their daily chores, like cleaning and preparing hearths, were pushed into the middle of the night to accommodate their employers' late-night socializing. Ultimately, the shift to municipal lighting permanently dissolved the natural boundaries of the working day, shaping the twenty-four-hour society we live in today. [Q31] What does the lecturer say about the early lantern laws?

中文翻譯

大家早安，歡迎回到我們的都市歷史系列講座。今天，我們將探討早期街燈系統的社會影響，這項創新不僅僅是照亮了黑暗的街道，更從根本上重塑了人類的日常生活。現在，如果我們回顧中世紀晚期，夜間的公共安全被視為個人的公民義務，而非政府的責任。許多城市推出了「提燈法」，要求居民在冬季時於自家門外懸掛一盞燈。事實上，大眾普遍誤以為這項做法是在 1580 年首次被官方強制執行，但文獻紀錄顯示它早在 1414 年就已推出，只是直到 16 世紀晚期才被系統性地實施。根據這些法律，如果屋主的蠟燭熄滅就會面臨罰款，這將維護安全的責任完全轉嫁到了私人士民（private citizens）身上。這種情況在 17 世紀晚期隨著公共油燈的引進而開始改變，這些油燈是由雇用的承包商負責維護。這一轉變創造了新的工作機會，最著名的就是「執火炬童」（link-boys）和點燈人，並改變了夜間經濟，因為人們開始在日落後前往咖啡館和戲院，而不是匆忙趕回家中。然而，這項改變並非受到所有人歡迎：宗教批評人士認為人造光干擾了日夜交替的自然規律，而富裕的商家則聲稱，路燈投射出的搖曳陰影反而讓扒手更容易在不被發現的情況下下手。到了 19 世紀，瓦斯照明為城市帶來了革命性的變化，但也帶來了嚴重的環境危害。起初，研究人員認為瓦斯廠排放的毒性廢水只污染了當地的水道，但近期的土壤分析顯示，這些化學副產品已深層污染了附近的農田，使其數十年都無法耕作。不同都市群體對瓦斯照明的社會反應截然不同。例如，傳統的守夜人強烈反對這項技術，擔心這會使他們的職責被淘汰，進而砸了他們的飯碗。相反地，工廠老闆熱烈歡迎瓦斯燈，並藉由安裝這些路燈來強迫員工加班工作到深夜；而店家則因為顧客能看清明亮的櫥窗展示，迎來了夜間銷售額的暴增。然而，對於家庭傭人來說，這意味著他們的日常雜務（如清潔和準備壁爐）被推遲到了半夜，以配合雇主的深夜社交活動。最終，向市政照明的轉變永久打破了工作日的自然界限，形塑了我們今天所生活的 24 小時社會。

(Shared with Q31.) [Q32] According to the lecturer, how did the introduction of oil lamps affect city life?

中文翻譯

（與第 31 題共用。）[第 32 題] 根據講師的說法，油燈的引進如何影響了城市生活？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q33] What objection did some wealthy merchants raise against early public lighting?

中文翻譯

（與第 31 題共用）[第 33 題] 一些富商對早期的公共照明提出了什麼反對意見？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q34] Recent soil analyses near historical gasworks have shown that

中文翻譯

（與第 31 題共用）[第 34 題] 近期對歷史煤氣廠附近的土壤進行分析顯示，

(Shared with Q31.) [Q35] What does the lecturer conclude about the overall transition to municipal lighting?

中文翻譯

（與第 31 題共用）[第 35 題] 關於整體向市政照明的過渡，講者最後得出了什麼結論？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q36] Which TWO consequences of the expansion of early street lighting are mentioned by the lecturer?

中文翻譯

（與第 31 題共用文本。）[第 36 題] 講者提到了早期路燈普及所帶來的哪兩個影響？

(Shared with Q31.) [Q37] worried about losing their source of income

中文翻譯

擔心失去收入來源

(Shared with Q31.) [Q38] extended the hours their staff had to work

中文翻譯

（與第 31 題共用）[第 38 題] 延長了其員工必須工作的時間

(Shared with Q31.) [Q39] experienced a significant increase in sales

中文翻譯

（與第 31 題共用。）[Q39] 經歷了銷售額的大幅成長

(Shared with Q31.) [Q40] had to perform household duties much later than before

中文翻譯

（與第 31 題共用）[Q40] 必須比以往更晚履行家務職責