Michael Jordan: Cut from the Team麥可·喬丹：落選校隊
聆聽課程
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EN： Compound Adjectives: When a number and a noun (like 'fifteen-year-old') are used together to describe another noun, they are connected by hyphens and the noun remains singular.
中文： 複合形容詞：當數字和名詞（如 'fifteen-year-old'）結合用來修飾另一個名詞時，中間需加連字號，且該名詞必須使用單數形式。
A ten-minute walk can improve your health.
十分鐘的散步可以改善你的健康。
EN： Phrasal Verb 'Try out for': This verb phrase means to demonstrate your skills in order to join a sports team, play, or organization.
中文： 片語動詞 'Try out for'：這個片語意指為了加入運動隊伍、戲劇演出或組織而進行技能選拔或試鏡。
She decided to try out for the school choir.
她決定參加學校合唱團的選拔。
EN： In American high schools, the 'varsity' team is the main team representing the school in competitions, usually consisting of older or more skilled students. Below varsity is the 'junior varsity' (JV) team.
中文： 在美國高中，「varsity」（校隊）是代表學校參加比賽的主要隊伍，通常由高年級或技術較好的學生組成。校隊之下通常還有「junior varsity」（JV，二軍或初級校隊）。
EN： Relative Clause (Adjective Clause): The phrase 'who made the team' is a relative clause starting with the relative pronoun 'who'. It functions as an adjective to modify the noun 'players', specifying which group of players is being discussed.
中文： 關係子句（形容詞子句）：短語「who made the team」是以關係代名詞「who」引導的關係子句。它的功能如同形容詞，用來修飾名詞「players」（球員），明確指出是在討論哪一群球員。
The students who passed the exam were very happy.
通過考試的學生們非常開心。
EN： Phrasal usage of 'make': In this context, 'make the team' means to succeed in being chosen as a member of a group or team after a trial or audition.
中文： 動詞「make」的特定用法：在此語境中，「make the team」意指在選拔或試鏡後，成功被選為團隊或小組的一員（入選）。
She practiced hard and finally made the national choir.
她努力練習，最終入選了國家合唱團。
EN： In American high schools, 'varsity' sports are highly competitive. The 'cut' or the posting of the roster is a significant and often stressful event for students, as seen in Michael Jordan's famous story of being cut from the varsity team.
中文： 在美國高中，「校隊」(varsity) 運動競爭非常激烈。公佈名單（或稱裁員 cut）對學生來說是一個重大且往往充滿壓力的時刻，正如麥可·喬丹當年被校隊拒於門外的著名故事所展現的那樣。
EN： Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): This tense is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or time in the past. In this sentence, 'had been rejected' happened before he 'searched' and 'didn't see'.
中文： 過去完成式 (had + 過去分詞)：此時態用於描述在過去某個動作或時間點之前就已經完成的動作。在本句中，「被拒絕」發生在他「尋找」和「沒看到」之前。
By the time I arrived at the station, the train had already left.
當我到達車站時，火車已經離開了。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): The passive voice is used when the focus is on the recipient of the action rather than the performer. 'He had been rejected' emphasizes Michael's experience of being turned away by the coach.
中文： 被動語態 (be 動詞 + 過去分詞)：當重點在於動作的承受者而非執行者時使用。'He had been rejected' 強調了麥可被教練拒之門外的經歷。
The application was rejected because it was incomplete.
該申請因不完整而被拒絕了。
EN： In American high schools, 'varsity' refers to the principal team representing the school in sports. Making the varsity team as a freshman or sophomore is a significant achievement, and being cut (rejected) is a common but painful experience for many young athletes.
中文： 在美國高中，「varsity」(校隊) 指的是代表學校參加體育比賽的主要隊伍。在高一或高二就入選校隊是一項重大成就，而「被刷掉」(rejected/cut) 對許多青少年運動員來說是常見但痛苦的經歷。
EN： The sentence begins with 'Devastated', which is a past participle used as an adjective to describe the subject's emotional state. This is a form of 'Participle Construction' (分詞結構) where the adjective functions as a supplement to the subject 'Michael'.
中文： 句子以 'Devastated' 開頭，這是一個過去分詞用作形容詞，用來描述主詞的情緒狀態。這是一種「分詞結構」，該形容詞作為主詞 'Michael' 的補語，說明他當時的狀態。
Exhausted, the marathon runner collapsed after crossing the finish line.
筋疲力盡，馬拉松跑者在衝過終點線後倒下了。
EN： The verb 'feel' is a linking verb (連繫動詞) followed by the adjective phrase 'so far away'. Linking verbs describe a state or appearance rather than an action, and they require a subject complement (usually an adjective) to complete the meaning.
中文： 動詞 'feel' 是一個連繫動詞，後面接形容詞短語 'so far away'。連繫動詞描述的是狀態或外觀而非動作，需要主詞補語（通常是形容詞）來完整句意。
The goal seemed impossible at first.
這個目標起初似乎是不可能的。
EN： This sentence captures a pivotal moment in Michael Jordan's 'origin story.' In American sports culture, the narrative of overcoming early failure (like being cut from a high school team) is a powerful and popular theme known as the 'underdog' story.
中文： 這句話捕捉了麥可·喬丹「成名史」中的關鍵時刻。在美國體育文化中，克服早期失敗（例如被高中校隊剔除）的敘事是一個非常強大且受歡迎的主題，被稱為「小人物逆襲」(underdog) 的故事。
EN： The structure 'use A as B' is a common transitive verb pattern where 'as' functions as a preposition meaning 'in the role of' or 'for the purpose of'.
中文： 「use A as B」是一個常見的及物動詞句型，其中「as」作為介係詞，意思是「作為...」或「當作...之用」。
She used the old boxes as a temporary table.
她把舊箱子當作臨時桌子使用。
EN： The 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) is used here as an Adjectival Phrase to modify the noun 'motivation', explaining what kind of motivation it was.
中文： 不定詞（to + 動詞）在此作為形容詞片語，用來修飾名詞「motivation」（動力），說明是什麼樣的動力。
I have no desire to leave this city.
我沒有離開這座城市的欲望。
EN： This sentence refers to a famous anecdote in sports history. Michael Jordan's failure to make his high school varsity team is often cited in American culture as the ultimate example of how failure can lead to greatness through hard work.
中文： 這句話引用了運動史上著名的軼事。麥可·喬丹高中時未能進入校隊的故事，在美國文化中常被視為「失敗如何透過努力轉化為偉大」的終極典範。
EN： Present Participle Phrases (V-ing): Used here as a 'reduced relative clause' or to show simultaneous action. 'Focusing' and 'building' describe how he practiced or what he did while practicing.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing)：此處用作「簡化關係子句」或表示同時發生的動作。「focusing」和「building」描述了他練習的方式，或是在練習時所做的事情。
She sat by the window, watching the rain fall.
她坐在窗邊，看著雨落下。
EN： Parallel Structure: When listing multiple actions or items, they should follow the same grammatical form. Here, 'focusing on...' and 'building...' are parallel present participles.
中文： 平行結構：當列舉多個動作或項目時，應遵循相同的語法形式。這裡的「focusing on...」和「building...」是平行的現在分詞形式。
He enjoys swimming in the ocean and running on the beach.
他喜歡在海裡游泳和在沙灘上跑步。
EN： The concept of 'working on your weaknesses' is a cornerstone of the American 'growth mindset' and sports culture, famously epitomized by Michael Jordan's legendary work ethic.
中文： 「針對弱點進行訓練」是美國「成長型思維」和體育文化的基石，麥可·喬丹傳奇般的職業道德正是這一點的典範。
EN： The conjunction 'As' is used here to indicate that two actions are happening simultaneously or that one situation changes in proportion to another (temporal progression).
中文： 連接詞「As」在此處用於表示兩個動作同時發生，或一個情況隨著另一個情況的進展而產生變化（時間上的推移）。
As the sun set, the temperature began to drop.
隨著太陽下山，氣溫開始下降。
EN： The phrase 'developing his natural talent' is a Present Participle Phrase (V-ing). It functions as an adverbial modifier to describe a simultaneous action or a result of the main clause.
中文： 短語「developing his natural talent」是一個現在分詞片語（V-ing）。它作為副詞修飾語，用來描述與主句同時發生的動作或主句產生的結果。
She walked out of the room, slamming the door behind her.
她走出房間，砰的一聲關上了身後的門。
EN： In sports narratives, the combination of hard work ('practiced') and physical growth ('grew taller') is often highlighted as the key to success, reflecting the American ideal of 'meritocracy' where effort leads to achievement.
中文： 在運動敘事中，努力（practiced）與生理成長（grew taller）的結合常被強調為成功的關鍵，這反映了美國「精英領導制度」（meritocracy）的理想，即努力會帶來成就。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): Used here as a resultative clause, showing that the second action (earning a scholarship) happened as a direct result of the first action (dominating on the court).
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing)：此處用作結果子句，表示第二個動作（獲得獎學金）是第一個動作（在球場上表現卓越）直接導致的結果。
She studied hard every night, passing the exam with flying colors.
她每天晚上努力讀書，最終以優異的成績通過了考試。
EN： Prepositional Phrases as Adverbials: 'On the court' and 'to the University' act as adverbials providing specific details about location and direction.
中文： 介系詞短語作為狀語：「On the court」和「to the University」作為狀語，提供了關於地點和方向的具體細節。
He played piano in the hall, attracting a large crowd.
他在大廳彈奏鋼琴，吸引了大批人群。
EN： In the U.S., a 'scholarship' to a major university like UNC is a highly prestigious achievement for high school athletes, as it covers tuition and provides a path to professional leagues like the NBA.
中文： 在美國，獲得像北卡羅來納大學（UNC）這樣知名大學的「獎學金」，對高中運動員來說是極高的成就，因為它不僅涵蓋學費，還提供了通往 NBA 等職業聯賽的途徑。
EN： The verb 'face' is used as a transitive verb meaning to be opposite or to compete against an opponent. It does not require a preposition like 'with' or 'against' when used in this context.
中文： 動詞 'face' 在此作為及物動詞，意為「面對」或「與…對壘」。在這種用法下，不需要加上 'with' 或 'against' 等介系詞。
The local team will face the defending champions in the final match.
當地隊伍將在決賽中對陣衛冕冠軍。
EN： Prepositional phrases of time and place (e.g., 'In the 1982 NCAA championship game') are often placed at the beginning of a sentence to set the scene or provide context for the main action.
中文： 時間或地點的介系詞片語（例如：'In the 1982 NCAA championship game'）常放在句首，用來交代背景或為主要動作提供情境。
In the early morning, the forest is very quiet.
在清晨時分，森林裡非常安靜。
EN： The NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) basketball tournament is a major cultural event in the U.S., often called 'March Madness.' The 1982 championship is legendary because it featured future NBA stars like Michael Jordan and Patrick Ewing.
中文： NCAA（全美大學體育協會）籃球錦標賽是美國重要的文化盛事，常被稱為「三月瘋」。1982 年的冠軍賽之所以傳奇，是因為當時場上有未來的 NBA 球星麥可·喬丹和派屈克·尤英對決。
EN： The sentence uses the Past Simple tense ('received') to describe a completed action at a specific point in time in the past. This is the standard tense for storytelling and historical accounts.
中文： 句子使用了過去簡單式（received）來描述過去某個特定時間點已完成的動作。這是敘事和歷史記錄中最常用的時態。
The team won the championship last year.
該隊去年贏得了冠軍。
EN： The phrase 'with seconds left' is an absolute construction using 'with + noun + participle/adjective' to provide background information or circumstances surrounding the main action.
中文： 片語 'with seconds left' 是一種獨立主格結構，使用「with + 名詞 + 分詞/形容詞」來提供主句動作發生時的背景資訊或環境狀況。
He finished the race with only one minute remaining.
他在僅剩一分鐘時完成了比賽。
EN： In American sports culture, 'Freshman' refers to a first-year student in high school or college. Jordan's game-winning shot as a freshman in the 1982 NCAA Championship is considered one of the most iconic moments in basketball history, marking the start of his legendary status.
中文： 在美國體育文化中，「Freshman」是指高中或大學的一年級學生。喬丹在 1982 年 NCAA 冠軍賽中以大一新生身分投進的致勝球，被認為是籃球史上最具代表性的時刻之一，標誌著他傳奇地位的開始。
EN： The Present Participle Phrase (V-ing) is used here as a resultative modifier. It describes a result or consequence of the preceding main clauses. In this case, 'securing' explains the outcome of the ball going in.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing) 在此用作結果狀語。它描述了前述主句所產生的結果或後果。在句中，'securing' 解釋了球進後所達成的最終結果。
The heavy rain lasted for hours, causing a flood in the city.
大雨持續了數小時，導致城市淹水。
EN： Compound Sentence with 'and': This sentence uses the coordinating conjunction 'and' to join two independent clauses of equal importance, creating a chronological flow of actions.
中文： 使用 'and' 的對等複合句：本句使用對等連接詞 'and' 來連接兩個重要性相等的獨立子句，藉此建立動作的時間先後順序。
She opened the door, and the cat ran outside.
她打開門，貓就跑到了外面。
EN： The 'game-winning basket' refers to Michael Jordan's famous shot in the 1982 NCAA Championship. This moment is widely considered the birth of his legend, as it gave him the confidence to become one of the greatest players in history.
中文： 「致勝一球」(game-winning basket) 指的是麥可·喬丹在 1982 年 NCAA 冠軍賽中的著名投籃。這一刻被廣泛認為是他傳奇生涯的起點，因為這次成功的投籃給予了他成為史上最偉大球員之一的信心。
EN： Present Participle as an Adjective Phrase: The word 'watching' is a present participle (V-ing) used to modify the noun 'people'. It acts as a shortened relative clause (who were watching).
中文： 現在分詞作為形容詞片語：'watching' 是一個現在分詞（V-ing），用來修飾名詞 'people'。它相當於簡略後的關係子句（who were watching）。
The students sitting in the library are studying for exams.
坐在圖書館裡的學生們正在準備考試。
EN： The Past Simple Tense: The verb 'witnessed' is in the past simple tense, used to describe a completed action that happened at a specific time in the past.
中文： 過去簡單式：動詞 'witnessed' 使用過去簡單式，用來描述過去某個特定時間點已經完成的動作。
She witnessed a historic moment yesterday.
她昨天見證了一個歷史性的時刻。
EN： The 1982 NCAA championship was a pivotal moment in sports history. It was the first time Michael Jordan's talent was showcased on a national stage, marking the transition from a college player to a potential global icon.
中文： 1982 年的 NCAA 冠軍賽是運動史上的關鍵時刻。這是麥可·喬丹的才華首次在全美舞台上展現，標誌著他從大學球員轉變為潛在全球偶像的起點。
EN： The Present Participle Phrase (V-ing) is used here as a resultative modifier. It follows the main clause to describe an immediate result or a simultaneous action that adds more information to the preceding statement.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing) 在此處用作結果狀語。它接在主句之後，用來描述前述動作所產生的直接結果或同時發生的補充說明。
The storm hit the city, causing widespread power outages.
暴風雨襲擊了這座城市，導致了大規模的停電。
EN： The verb 'draft' in a sports context refers to the process where professional teams select players from a pool of eligible candidates, typically from colleges or international leagues.
中文： 動詞 'draft' 在體育語境中指的是「選秀」，即職業球隊從符合資格的候選人名單（通常是大學或國際聯賽球員）中挑選球員的過程。
He was drafted first overall in the NBA draft.
他在 NBA 選秀中以狀元身份被選中。
EN： The 1984 NBA Draft is considered one of the most significant in history. Michael Jordan was the 3rd overall pick. His arrival transformed the Chicago Bulls from a struggling franchise into a global brand and a dominant dynasty in the 1990s.
中文： 1984 年的 NBA 選秀被認為是歷史上最重要的選秀之一。麥可·喬丹當時是第三順位被選中。他的加入將芝加哥公牛隊從一支掙扎的球隊轉變為全球知名品牌，並在 1990 年代建立了統治性的王朝。
EN： The word 'electric' is used as a Subject Complement (a word that follows a linking verb to describe the subject). In this context, it is a metaphor meaning 'exciting' or 'full of energy'.
中文： 單字 'electric' 在此作為主詞補語（接在連綴動詞之後用來描述主詞的字）。在這種語境下，它是一個隱喻，意指「令人興奮的」或「充滿活力的」。
The atmosphere in the stadium was electric during the final minutes of the game.
比賽最後幾分鐘，體育館內的氣氛非常熱烈。
EN： The sentence uses the coordinating conjunction 'but' to connect two independent clauses, creating a contrast between Michael's individual brilliance and the team's overall weakness.
中文： 本句使用對等連接詞 'but' 來連接兩個獨立子句，藉此在麥可個人的優異表現與球隊整體的弱勢之間建立對比。
She studied very hard, but she still felt nervous about the exam.
她非常努力讀書，但她仍然對考試感到緊張。
EN： The Chicago Bulls are a legendary NBA team, but before Michael Jordan's arrival and their 1990s dynasty, they struggled to compete at the highest level. This sentence highlights the common sports narrative of a 'superstar' needing to overcome a weak supporting cast.
中文： 芝加哥公牛隊是 NBA 的傳奇球隊，但在麥可·喬丹加入以及 1990 年代建立王朝之前，他們很難在最高水準的比賽中競爭。這句話強調了運動賽事中常見的敘事：一位「超級巨星」需要克服隊友實力較弱的困境。
EN： The verb 'keep' followed by a gerund (V-ing) is used to describe a continuous or repeated action that persists over time.
中文： 動詞 'keep' 後接動名詞 (V-ing) 用來描述一個隨時間持續或重複發生的動作。
She kept practicing the piano until she mastered the piece.
她不斷練習鋼琴，直到她精通了那首曲子。
EN： 'Despite' is a preposition used to show contrast. It must be followed by a noun, a pronoun, or a gerund phrase, rather than a full clause.
中文： 'Despite' 是一個表示對比的介係詞，意為「儘管」。其後必須接名詞、代名詞或動名詞短語，而非完整的子句。
Despite the heavy rain, the game continued.
儘管雨下得很大，比賽仍繼續進行。
EN： In American sports culture, the 'playoffs' are the high-stakes elimination games at the end of a season. This sentence highlights a common narrative in basketball: the struggle between a 'superstar' and the need for 'team chemistry' to win championships.
中文： 在美國運動文化中，「playoffs」（季後賽）是賽季末高壓力的淘汰賽。這句話凸顯了籃球運動中常見的敘事：超級巨星的個人能力與贏得總冠軍所需的「團隊化學反應」之間的掙扎。
EN： Noun Clauses with 'that': The word 'that' introduces a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'realized'. It explains exactly what Michael realized.
中文： that 引導的名詞子句：單字 'that' 引導一個名詞子句，作為動詞 'realized' 的直接受詞，用來具體說明麥可意識到的內容。
She realized that the deadline had already passed.
她意識到截止日期已經過了。
EN： Semicolon Usage: A semicolon (;) is used to connect two independent clauses that are closely related in thought, acting as a bridge without using a conjunction like 'and' or 'but'.
中文： 分號的用法：分號 (;) 用於連接兩個在思想上緊密相關的獨立子句，在不使用 'and' 或 'but' 等連接詞的情況下起到橋樑作用。
The rain stopped; the sun began to shine.
雨停了；太陽開始照耀。
EN： This sentence reflects a core theme in sports psychology and leadership: the transition from 'individual excellence' to 'team empowerment.' Michael Jordan is famously cited for learning that while he could score points alone, winning championships required making his teammates better.
中文： 這句話反映了運動心理學和領導力的核心主題：從「個人卓越」轉向「團隊賦能」。麥可·喬丹最著名的體悟就是：雖然他可以獨自得分，但贏得總冠軍需要讓隊友變得更好。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 被拒絕或被排斥，在此指未被選入球隊。
在本文中： 身心交瘁的、極為震驚且難過的。
在本文中： 動力、積極性，促使某人行動的原因。
在本文中： 在比賽中佔絕對優勢、主宰局面。
在本文中： 獎學金。
在本文中： 獲得、確保（勝利或成功）。
在本文中： 目擊、見證（重要事件）。
在本文中： 令人興奮的、充滿活力的。
在本文中： 相對地、比較而言。
在本文中： 提升、提高（水準或地位）。
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To audition or demonstrate one's skills to join a team or group.
參加選拔、試鏡。
To give a lot of attention to one particular person, subject, or thing.
專注於、集中注意力於。
The final score that ensures a team's victory in a basketball game.
致勝球、絕殺球。
How well a single person does in an activity, regardless of the group's result.
個人表現。
To be selected as a member of a sports team after a trial or tryout.
入選球隊
To attempt to score points by throwing the ball toward the goal or basket.
投籃
A successful scoring play in basketball where the ball goes through the hoop.
進球得分
The process by which professional sports teams select players from a pool of eligible candidates, typically from colleges.
（職業運動）選秀選中