EN： Headline Style: In news headlines, the auxiliary verb 'is' or 'are' is often omitted in passive or progressive constructions (e.g., '[is] Under Scrutiny'). Additionally, the present simple tense ('Dies') is used to describe recent past events to create a sense of urgency.
中文： 新聞標題風格：在新聞標題中，助動詞「is」或「are」在被動或進行式結構中常被省略（例如「[is] Under Scrutiny」）。此外，使用現在簡單式（Dies）來描述最近發生的過去事件，以營造急迫感。
Local School Under Fire After Test Scores Drop.
在考試成績下降後，當地學校正遭受抨擊。
EN： Past Participle as Adjective: The phrase 'Linked to' uses a past participle to function as an adjective, modifying the preceding noun ('E Coli') to show a relationship or connection.
中文： 過去分詞當形容詞：短語「Linked to」使用過去分詞作為形容詞功能，修飾前面的名詞（大腸桿菌），用以表示關聯或聯繫。
The health issues linked to smoking are well-documented.
與吸菸有關的健康問題已有詳盡記錄。
EN： Tui is one of the world's leading tourism groups, based in Germany but very prominent in the UK travel market. In the UK, travel companies have a legal 'duty of care' to ensure the safety of the package holidays they sell, which is why Tui is under such intense public and legal scrutiny in this case.
中文： 途易 (Tui) 是全球領先的旅遊集團之一，總部位於德國，但在英國旅遊市場非常知名。在英國，旅遊公司對其銷售的套裝行程負有法律上的「注意義務」(duty of care) 以確保安全，這也是為什麼途易在此案中受到如此強烈的公眾與法律審查。
EN： The Present Continuous Tense (is facing) is used here to describe a current, ongoing situation or trend that is happening around the present time.
中文： 現在進行式 (is facing) 在此處用於描述目前正在發生、持續中的情況或趨勢。
The government is facing pressure to change the law.
政府正接面臨修改法律的壓力。
EN： The past participle 'linked' acts as an adjective phrase to modify 'illness', indicating a connection between two things.
中文： 過去分詞 'linked' 作為形容詞片語修飾 'illness'（疾病），表示兩者之間的關聯性。
The police found evidence linked to the crime.
警方發現了與該犯罪有關的證據。
EN： In the UK, high-profile cases involving child safety and large corporations like Tui often lead to intense media coverage and public inquiries, reflecting a strong emphasis on consumer protection and corporate accountability.
中文： 在英國，涉及兒童安全和像途易這樣的大型企業的高關注度案件，通常會引發媒體的密集報導和公眾調查，這反映了英國社會對消費者保護和企業責任的高度重視。
EN： Apposition: A noun or noun phrase (Ariella Mann) placed next to another noun (The child) to identify or explain it. It is often set off by commas.
中文： 同位語：將一個名詞或名詞短語（艾瑞拉·曼）放在另一個名詞（這名孩子）旁邊，用來識別或解釋它。通常用逗號隔開。
My brother, a talented musician, lives in London.
我的哥哥，一位有才華的音樂家，住在倫敦。
EN： Compound Adjectives with Hyphens: When multiple words function as a single adjective before a noun (e.g., 'two-week', 'five-star'), they are connected by hyphens. Note that the noun within the adjective (week, star) stays singular.
中文： 帶連字號的複合形容詞：當多個單詞在名詞前充當單一形容詞時（例如 'two-week'、'five-star'），它們會用連字號連接。請注意，形容詞內的名詞（week、star）需保持單數形式。
We stayed in a five-star hotel during our ten-day trip.
在我們為期十天的旅行中，我們住在一間五星級酒店。
EN： In the UK and Europe, 'all-inclusive' holidays at resorts in destinations like Egypt are very popular for families. However, this case highlights growing concerns regarding food safety standards and corporate responsibility in international tourism.
中文： 在英國和歐洲，前往埃及等地點的「全包式」度假村旅遊在家庭中非常受歡迎。然而，此案例凸顯了國際旅遊中對於食品安全標準和企業責任日益增長的擔憂。
EN： Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Used to describe an action that was completed before another point in time or another action in the past.
中文： 過去完成式（had + 過去分詞）：用於描述在過去某個時間點或另一個過去動作之前已經完成的動作。
They had already finished dinner when I arrived.
當我到達時，他們已經吃完晚餐了。
EN： Compound Adjectives: Words like 'all-inclusive' are joined by a hyphen to function as a single adjective modifying a noun.
中文： 複合形容詞：像 'all-inclusive'（全包式的）這樣的詞透過連字號連接，作為單一形容詞來修飾名詞。
We stayed in a five-star hotel during our vacation.
我們度假期間住在一間五星級飯店。
EN： An 'all-inclusive' holiday is a popular travel package in Europe, especially for families. It typically covers flights, accommodation, all meals, and drinks in one upfront price. Tui is one of the world's largest travel and tourism companies, headquartered in Germany but very prominent in the UK market.
中文： 「全包式」（all-inclusive）假期在歐洲是非常受歡迎的旅遊套裝行程，特別是對家庭而言。這類行程通常預先支付一筆費用，即包含機票、住宿、所有餐飲及飲料。途易（Tui）是全球最大的旅遊公司之一，總部位於德國，但在英國市場佔有率極高。
EN： The preposition 'from' is used after the verb 'die' to indicate the cause of death, such as a disease or condition.
中文： 介系詞「from」接在動詞「die」之後，用來表示死因，例如某種疾病或身體狀況。
He died from a sudden heart attack.
他死於突發性心臟病。
EN： Non-defining relative clauses start with 'which' and provide extra information about a noun. They are separated by a comma and do not restrict the meaning of the noun they describe.
中文： 非限定用法關係子句以「which」開頭，提供關於名詞的額外資訊。這類子句通常用逗號隔開，且不會限制其所描述名詞的範圍。
She has a rare collection of stamps, which she inherited from her grandfather.
她有一套罕見的郵票收藏，那是她從祖父那裡繼承來的。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential outcomes. It is followed by the base form of the verb 'lead'.
中文： 助動詞「can」在此處用於表達可能性或潛在的結果。其後接動詞原形「lead」。
Extreme weather can cause serious damage to crops.
極端天氣可能對農作物造成嚴重損害。
EN： The phrase 'lead to' is a phrasal verb meaning to result in or cause something to happen. It is followed by a noun or noun phrase.
中文： 短語「lead to」是一個片語動詞，意為「導致」或「引起」某事發生。其後接名詞或名詞短語。
Hard work often leads to success.
努力往往會導致成功。
EN： In medical contexts, 'condition' is a neutral term used to describe an illness or medical state. The use of 'even' before 'death' emphasizes that it is the most extreme and final consequence in a list of serious symptoms.
中文： 在醫學語境中，「condition」是一個中性詞，用於描述疾病或健康狀況。在「death」（死亡）之前使用「even」（甚至），是為了在一系列嚴重症狀中強調這是最極端且最終的後果。
EN： Relative Clauses with 'where': A relative clause provides more information about a noun. 'Where' is used as a relative adverb to refer to a place.
中文： 使用 'where' 的關係子句：關係子句用於提供關於名詞的更多資訊。'Where' 在此作為關係副詞，用來指代一個地點。
This is the restaurant where we first met.
這就是我們第一次見面的餐廳。
EN： Present Perfect Passive Voice: Formed with 'has/have been' + past participle. It indicates that an action has happened to the subject in the past and is still relevant now.
中文： 現在完成式的被動語態：由 'has/have been' + 過去分詞構成。它表示某個動作在過去發生在主詞身上，且與現在仍有關聯。
The road has been closed due to the accident.
這條路因事故而被封閉了。
EN： Relative Clauses with 'who': A relative clause provides more information about a noun. In this sentence, 'who stayed at the same hotel' describes the 'Two other small British children'.
中文： 使用 'who' 的關係子句：關係子句用於提供關於名詞的更多資訊。在本句中，「who stayed at the same hotel」（住在同一間酒店的）是用來修飾「Two other small British children」（另外兩名英國小童）。
The students who finished the test early were allowed to leave.
提早完成考試的學生被允許離開。
EN： Linking Verbs and Adjectives: The verb 'became' is a linking verb that connects the subject to an adjective ('ill') to describe a change in state.
中文： 連綴動詞與形容詞：動詞 'became'（變得）是一個連綴動詞，將主詞連接到形容詞 'ill'（生病的），用以描述狀態的改變。
The weather became cold very quickly.
天氣很快就變冷了。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the action is more important than the person performing it. In this sentence, 'was airlifted' and 'placed' (with 'was' implied) show what happened to the girl.
中文： 被動語態 (be 動詞 + 過去分詞)：當動作本身比執行動作的人更重要時使用。在本句中，「was airlifted」(被空運) 和 「placed」(被安置，省略了 was) 顯示了這名女孩所經歷的事情。
The injured hiker was airlifted to the nearest medical center.
受傷的登山者被空運到了最近的醫療中心。
EN： Compound Adjectives: When multiple words function together as a single adjective before a noun, they are often hyphenated (e.g., 'two-year-old').
中文： 複合形容詞：當多個單字在名詞前共同充當單一形容詞時，通常會加上連字號（例如「two-year-old」，兩歲的）。
We stayed in a five-star hotel during our vacation.
我們度假期間住在一間五星級酒店。
EN： The term 'airlifted' is commonly used in news reports to describe emergency medical transportation by helicopter or plane, especially when urgent care is needed at a specialized facility like a hospital in London.
中文： 「airlifted」（空運）一詞常用於新聞報導，描述透過直升機或飛機進行的緊急醫療運輸，特別是當患者需要被送往倫敦等大城市的專業醫療機構接受緊急治療時。
EN： Passive Voice (was + past participle): Used when the action is more important than the person performing it. In this context, 'was admitted' focuses on the patient's arrival at the hospital.
中文： 被動語態（was + 過去分詞）：當動作本身比執行動作的人更重要時使用。在此語境中，「was admitted」（被送進/准許入院）強調的是病人進入醫院這一事實。
The patient was admitted to the hospital late last night.
這名病人於昨晚深夜被送進醫院。
EN： Time Clauses with 'before': 'Before' is used as a conjunction to connect two events in the past, showing the chronological order. The clause following 'before' provides the reference point.
中文： 使用「before」的時間從句：「before」作為連接詞用來連接兩個過去發生的事件，顯示時間先後順序。在「before」之後的子句提供了時間參照點。
He had finished his homework before the movie started.
他在電影開始前就已經完成了作業。
EN： In the UK, 'intensive care' (or ICU) refers to a specialized department of a hospital that provides intensive care medicine. The mention of 'intensive care' in news reports emphasizes the critical nature of the illness, highlighting the severity of the outbreak linked to the hotel.
中文： 在英國，「intensive care」（加護病房，簡稱 ICU）是指醫院中提供重症醫學治療的專門部門。新聞報導中提到「intensive care」旨在強調病情的危急程度，進而凸顯與該酒店相關的疫情爆發之嚴重性。
EN： Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Used to describe an action that was completed before another point in time or another action in the past. In this context, it emphasizes that the travel happened before the current investigation or the tragic event mentioned in the news.
中文： 過去完成式（had + 過去分詞）：用於描述在過去某個時間點或另一個過去動作之前已經完成的動作。在此語境中，它強調這些旅遊行程發生在目前調查或新聞提到的悲劇事件之前。
They had already finished dinner when I arrived.
當我到達時，他們已經吃完晚餐了。
EN： Reduced Relative Clause (Passive): The phrase 'booked through Tui' is a reduced relative clause for 'which were booked through Tui'. It uses the past participle 'booked' to modify the noun 'holidays' in a passive sense.
中文： 省略關係代名詞的子句（被動）：短語 'booked through Tui' 是 'which were booked through Tui' 的縮減形式。它使用過去分詞 'booked' 來以被動語態修飾名詞 'holidays'（假期）。
The books bought yesterday are on the table.
昨天買的那些書在桌子上。
EN： Tui is one of the world's leading tourism groups, based in Germany but very prominent in the UK. In the British travel industry, 'all-inclusive' packages are a popular way for families to holiday, where flights, hotels, and meals are paid for upfront. This context makes the safety failure particularly significant for British consumers.
中文： 途易（Tui）是全球領先的旅遊集團之一，總部位於德國，但在英國市場佔有重要地位。在英國旅遊業中，「全包式」（all-inclusive）套裝行程是家庭度假的熱門選擇，即預先支付機票、酒店和餐飲費用。在這種背景下，安全疏失對英國消費者而言顯得尤為嚴重。
EN： The Past Perfect Passive ('had not been informed') is used to describe an action that happened before another action in the past, emphasizing that the subject received the action rather than performing it.
中文： 過去完成式被動語態（had not been informed）用於描述在過去某個時間點之前已經發生的動作，並強調主體是「被動」接受該動作，而非主動執行。
The passengers had not been informed about the flight delay before they arrived at the airport.
乘客在到達機場之前並未被告知航班延誤的消息。
EN： The adjective 'disgusted' is followed by a 'that' clause to explain the reason for the feeling or emotion.
中文： 形容詞「disgusted」（感到憤慨/噁心）後面可以接由「that」引導的從句，用來解釋產生該情緒的原因。
He was disgusted that the company ignored his complaints.
他對公司無視他的投訴感到非常憤慨。
EN： In British English, 'disgusted' is a strong word often used to express moral outrage or deep dissatisfaction with a service or authority, rather than just physical revulsion.
中文： 在英式英語中，「disgusted」是一個語氣強烈的詞，通常用來表達對服務或權威機構的道德憤慨或深切不滿，而不僅僅是生理上的噁心。
EN： Third Conditional: Used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past that did not happen. Structure: If + past perfect (had + V3), would have + past participle (V3).
中文： 第三類條件句（與過去事實相反）：用於討論過去並未發生的假設情況。結構為：If + 過去完成式 (had + V3)，would have + 過去分詞 (V3)。
If I had seen the warning, I would have stayed home.
如果我當時看到了警告，我就會待在家裡。
EN： Reported Speech with 'that' clause: Used to report what someone said. The verb 'stated' is a formal reporting verb, and the tense in the 'that' clause often shifts back (backshift).
中文： 使用 'that' 子句的間接引語：用於轉述某人的話。'stated' 是一個正式的轉述動詞，且 'that' 子句中的時態通常會向過去推移（時態回溯）。
He stated that he was innocent.
他聲稱他是無辜的。
EN： In legal and consumer protection contexts in the UK, companies have a 'duty of care' to inform customers of known risks. This sentence highlights the emotional weight of a perceived breach of that duty.
中文： 在英國的法律與消費者保護背景下，公司有「注意義務」(duty of care) 告知顧客已知風險。這句話強調了當這種義務被認為遭到違反時，當事人所承受的情感重擔。
EN： The sentence uses 'that' as a conjunction to introduce a noun clause (reported speech). This clause functions as the direct object of the verb 'said', explaining what was stated.
中文： 本句使用「that」作為連接詞來引導名詞子句（間接引語）。該子句作為動詞「said」的直接受詞，用來解釋說話的內容。
He said that he would arrive on time.
他說他會準時到達。
EN： The past simple tense ('felt', 'thought', 'was') is used here to describe completed actions and states in the past, which is standard for reporting past events in news stories.
中文： 這裡使用了過去簡單式（felt、thought、was）來描述過去已完成的動作和狀態，這是新聞報導中陳述過去事件的標準用法。
They felt happy because the weather was beautiful.
他們感到很快樂，因為天氣很好。
EN： Apposition (Appositive Nouns): This occurs when two noun phrases are placed side-by-side to identify or explain each other. In this sentence, 'Lee Mann' is an appositive that identifies 'Ariella's father'.
中文： 同位語（Apposition）：當兩個名詞短語並列放置以互相識別或解釋時，即為同位語。在本句中，「李·曼」是一個同位語，用來識別「艾瑞拉的父親」。
My teacher, Mr. Smith, is very kind.
我的老師史密斯先生非常親切。
EN： Past Simple Tense: The verb 'expressed' is in the past simple tense, used here to describe a completed action that happened at a specific time in the past.
中文： 一般過去時：動詞「expressed」（表示）使用的是一般過去時，用於描述過去某個特定時間發生的已完成動作。
She expressed her concerns during the meeting.
她在會議期間表達了她的擔憂。
EN： In English-speaking media, it is common to introduce a person by their relationship to the subject (e.g., 'Ariella's father') followed by their full name as an appositive to provide clarity and context to the reader.
中文： 在英語媒體中，通常會先介紹一個人與主題人物的關係（例如「艾瑞拉的父親」），接著再以同位語的形式給出其全名，以便為讀者提供清晰的背景資訊。
EN： The sentence uses a 'Noun Clause' starting with 'that' as the direct object of the verb 'said'. The word 'that' functions as a subordinator to introduce the reported speech or thought.
中文： 本句使用了由「that」引導的「名詞子句」作為動詞「said」的直接受詞。這裡的「that」作為從屬連接詞，用來引導轉述的內容或想法。
She said that the hotel was very clean.
她說那間酒店非常乾淨。
EN： The 'Generic You' is used here to refer to people in general rather than a specific person. It is common in informal or semi-formal English to describe general truths or expectations.
中文： 這裡使用了「泛指的 you」，用來指代一般大眾而非特定某人。在非正式或半正式英語中，常用來描述普遍真理或大眾的期望。
You should always wear a seatbelt when driving.
開車時你（人們）應該總是繫好安全帶。
EN： In the UK and many Western countries, 'five-star' is a regulated rating that implies the highest standards of luxury, service, and safety. The speaker's frustration stems from the gap between this premium status and the tragic lack of safety information provided by the travel company, 途易 (Tui).
中文： 在英國及許多西方國家，「五星級」(five-star) 是一個受監管的分級，代表豪華、服務與安全性的最高標準。說話者的挫折感源於這種頂級地位與旅行社（途易）未能提供關鍵安全資訊之間的巨大落差。
EN： The Present Continuous Tense (is calling) is used here to describe an action that is currently in progress or a developing situation. It consists of the verb 'to be' (am/is/are) followed by the present participle (verb-ing).
中文： 現在進行式（is calling）在此用於描述目前正在進行的動作或發展中的情況。其結構由 be 動詞（am/is/are）加上現在分詞（動詞-ing）組成。
The citizens are calling for a change in the law.
公民們正要求修改法律。
EN： The phrasal verb 'call for' means to publicly demand that something should happen or be done. It is often used in news contexts regarding social or legal demands.
中文： 短語動詞「call for」意為公開要求某事發生或被執行。這在新聞語境中常用於表達社會或法律上的訴求。
The situation calls for immediate action.
這種情況需要立即採取行動。
EN： In Western legal and corporate contexts, 'accountability' goes beyond simple responsibility; it implies a legal or ethical obligation to explain actions and accept consequences, often involving financial compensation or policy changes.
中文： 在西方法律和企業語境中，「accountability」（問責/責任）不僅僅是簡單的責任，它還隱含了法律或道德上的義務，要求解釋行為並承擔後果，通常涉及經濟賠償或政策變革。
EN： The Present Perfect Passive Voice ('have been raised') is used to describe an action that has happened at an unspecified time before now, where the focus is on the result or the object receiving the action rather than who performed it.
中文： 現在完成式的被動語態（have been raised）用於描述在過去不特定時間發生且持續到現在的動作，重點在於動作的結果或承受者，而非執行者本身。
New safety measures have been raised by the committee.
委員會已經提出了新的安全措施。
EN： The modal structure 'should have + past participle' is used to express regret or criticism about a past action that did not happen but was expected or advisable.
中文： 情態助動詞結構「should have + 過去分詞」用於對過去未發生但本應發生或值得建議的事情表示遺憾或批評（本應該……卻沒有）。
You should have told me about the problem earlier.
你本應該早點告訴我這個問題的。
EN： In the UK and EU, travel companies have a legal 'duty of care' to ensure the safety of the packages they sell. This sentence reflects the public and legal expectation that companies must be transparent about known risks to consumer safety.
中文： 在英國和歐盟，旅遊公司負有法律上的「注意義務」(duty of care)，必須確保其銷售的套裝行程安全。這句話反映了公眾和法律對企業必須透明化已知消費者安全風險的期望。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 詳細的審查或監督
在本文中： 全包式的（費用包含交通、食宿等所有項目）
在本文中： （疾病、戰爭等的）爆發
在本文中： 危急地；嚴重地
在本文中： （用飛機）空運（通常指緊急醫療救援）
在本文中： 接收（病人）住院
在本文中： 感到厭惡的；反感的
在本文中： 最初；起初
在本文中： 問責制；應負的責任
在本文中： （不愉快或不尋常的）事件
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
A state of unconsciousness brought on by a controlled dose of drugs, usually to allow the brain to recover.
藥物誘導昏迷
Specialized medical treatment for patients who are very ill and need constant monitoring.
加護病房/重症監護
To become sick.
生病
To publicly ask for something to happen.
呼籲；要求