Hayao Miyazaki: Spirited Away to Greatness宮崎駿：從《神隱少女》走向偉大
聆聽課程
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EN： Appositive: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename or describe it. Here, 'a film about childhood and nature' provides more information about 'My Neighbor Totoro'.
中文： 同位語：緊跟在另一個名詞後面的名詞或名詞短語，用於重新命名或補充說明該名詞。在此句中，「a film about childhood and nature」補充說明了《龍貓》這部作品。
Paris, the capital of France, is known as the City of Light.
巴黎，法國的首都，被譽為光之城。
EN： Past Tense: Used to describe actions that were completed at a specific time in the past. The verb 'released' indicates the action happened in 1988.
中文： 過去式：用於描述在過去特定時間完成的動作。動詞「released」表示該發行動作發生在1988年。
He finished his homework two hours ago.
他在兩小時前完成了作業。
EN： 'My Neighbor Totoro' is a cornerstone of Japanese pop culture. The character Totoro became the mascot for Studio Ghibli, similar to how Mickey Mouse represents Disney. The film's focus on Shinto-inspired reverence for nature is a recurring theme in Miyazaki's work.
中文： 《龍貓》是日本流行文化的基石。龍貓這個角色後來成為吉卜力工作室的吉祥物，地位類似於迪士尼的米老鼠。電影中展現對大自然的敬畏（受神道教啟發）是宮崎駿作品中反覆出現的主題。
EN： The verb 'introduce' often follows the pattern 'introduce A to B', where 'A' is the person or thing being presented, and 'B' is the recipient or audience. The preposition 'to' is essential to indicate the direction of the introduction.
中文： 動詞 'introduce' 常遵循 'introduce A to B' 的句型，其中 'A' 是被介紹的人或物，而 'B' 是接收者或受眾。介系詞 'to' 在此至關重要，用以表示介紹的對象。
The teacher introduced the new student to the class.
老師向全班同學介紹了這位新學生。
EN： The Past Simple tense is used here to describe a completed action that occurred at a specific time in the past (1988). The regular verb 'introduce' adds '-d' to form 'introduced'.
中文： 這裡使用過去簡單式來描述發生在過去特定時間（1988年）且已完成的動作。規則動詞 'introduce' 字尾加上 '-d' 形成過去式 'introduced'。
She introduced a new concept during the meeting yesterday.
她昨天在會議中介紹了一個新概念。
EN： Miyazaki's 'storytelling' is often characterized by its blend of Japanese folklore, environmentalism, and strong female protagonists, which was distinct from Western animation styles of the late 1980s.
中文： 宮崎駿的「敘事手法」特色在於融合了日本民間傳說、環保主義以及堅強的女主角形象，這與 1980 年代後期的西方動畫風格截然不同。
EN： The use of the coordinating conjunction 'but' to connect two independent clauses. This structure creates a contrast between the initial reception and the eventual outcome.
中文： 使用對等連接詞 'but' 來連接兩個獨立子句。這種結構在最初的反應與最終的結果之間建立了對比。
The movie was expensive to make, but it earned a lot of money.
這部電影製作成本很高，但它賺了很多錢。
EN： Adverbs of manner (like 'gradually') are used to describe how an action happens. They often appear between the subject and the main verb or after the verb.
中文： 情狀副詞（如 'gradually'）用於描述動作發生的方式。它們通常出現在主詞與主要動詞之間，或動詞之後。
The weather gradually became warmer.
天氣逐漸變暖了。
EN： The term 'huge hit' is a common idiomatic expression in the entertainment industry to describe a very successful movie, song, or book. It highlights the commercial aspect of art.
中文： 'huge hit' 是娛樂產業中常見的慣用語，用來形容非常成功的電影、歌曲或書籍。它強調了藝術的商業成功面。
EN： The structure 'one of the + superlative adjective + plural noun' is used to single out one person or thing from a group that shares a specific top-tier quality. Note that the noun must always be plural.
中文： 「one of the + 最高級形容詞 + 複數名詞」的結構用於從具有某種頂尖特質的群體中挑選出一個。請注意，後接的名詞必須使用複數形式。
She is one of the most talented musicians in the orchestra.
她是管弦樂團中最有才華的音樂家之一。
EN： The verb 'become' (past tense: became) is a linking verb used to describe a change in state or status. It connects the subject to a noun phrase or adjective that describes what the subject has turned into.
中文： 動詞「become」（過去式為 became）是一個連綴動詞，用於描述狀態或身份的改變。它將主詞連接到描述其轉變結果的名詞短語或形容詞。
The small village became a popular tourist destination.
這個小村莊變成了一個受歡迎的旅遊勝地。
EN： Totoro is not just a character but the official mascot of Studio Ghibli. Its cultural impact in Japan is comparable to Mickey Mouse in the United States, symbolizing childhood wonder and the spirit of nature.
中文： 龍貓不僅是一個角色，更是吉卜力工作室的官方吉祥物。它在日本的文化影響力可與美國的米老鼠相提並論，象徵著童年的好奇心與自然之靈。
EN： Appositive (a noun phrase that renames or explains another noun): 'a story about...' acts as an appositive to 'Spirited Away', providing more detail about the film.
中文： 同位語（重新命名或解釋另一個名詞的名詞短語）：'a story about...' 作為 'Spirited Away' 的同位語，提供了關於這部電影的更多細節。
My friend, a talented musician, is performing tonight.
我的朋友，一位才華橫溢的音樂家，今晚要演出。
EN： Past Participle as an Adjective: 'lost' is a past participle modifying 'girl', describing her state of being lost in the spirit world.
中文： 過去分詞作為形容詞：'lost' 是一個過去分詞，用來修飾 'girl'，描述她迷失在神靈世界的狀態。
The book found on the floor belongs to the library.
在地上發現的那本書是圖書館的。
EN： 'Spirited Away' (Sen to Chihiro no Kamikakushi) is steeped in Japanese Shinto folklore, where spirits (kami) inhabit all things in nature. The English title 'Spirited Away' refers to the concept of 'kamikakushi', meaning to be hidden or taken away by gods.
中文： 《神隱少女》（千與千尋）深受日本神道教民俗影響，認為自然界中的萬物皆有神靈（kami）。英文片名 'Spirited Away' 對應日文中的「神隱」（kamikakushi），意指被神明藏起來或帶走。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): Used here as a reduced relative clause or a resultative clause to provide additional information or describe a simultaneous action/result of the main clause.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing)：此處用作簡化關係子句或結果子句，用來提供額外資訊，或描述主句動作所產生的同時動作或結果。
The rain lasted for hours, causing floods in the streets.
雨持續了好幾個小時，導致街道淹水。
EN： Superlative Adjectives: Formed by adding '-est' or using 'most' (e.g., 'highest-grossing') to compare three or more things, indicating the extreme degree.
中文： 最高級形容詞：透過字尾加「-est」或使用「most」（例如：highest-grossing）來比較三個或以上的事物，表示程度最高者。
This is the most expensive painting in the gallery.
這是畫廊裡最昂貴的畫作。
EN： 'Highest-grossing' refers to the total amount of money a film earns from ticket sales. In Japan, 'Spirited Away' held the record for 19 years until it was surpassed by 'Demon Slayer: Mugen Train' in 2020.
中文： 「Highest-grossing」是指電影票房總收入。在日本，《神隱少女》曾保持了 19 年的票房紀錄，直到 2020 年才被《鬼滅之刃劇場版 無限列車篇》超越。
EN： The sentence uses an 'Appositive' (a huge achievement) which is a noun phrase that follows another noun to rename or provide more information about it. It is separated by a comma.
中文： 本句使用了「同位語」（a huge achievement），這是一個緊跟在名詞後面的名詞短語，用於重新命名或提供更多關於該名詞的資訊。通常用逗號隔開。
He visited Paris, the capital of France.
他訪問了巴黎，即法國的首都。
EN： The adverb 'also' is used to add information. In sentences with a simple past tense verb, it usually appears between the subject and the main verb.
中文： 副詞「also」用於補充資訊。在一般過去式的句子中，它通常出現在主詞和主要動詞之間。
She also finished her homework early.
她也提早完成了作業。
EN： The Academy Award (Oscar) for Best Animated Feature was established in 2001. 'Spirited Away' was the first non-English language film to win this category, marking a significant moment for international animation.
中文： 奧斯卡最佳動畫片獎設立於 2001 年。《神隱少女》是第一部獲得該獎項的非英語電影，這對國際動畫界來說是一個具有重大意義的時刻。
EN： The Past Continuous tense (was/were + -ing) is used here to describe an ongoing action or state that was happening at a specific time in the past, providing the background reason for another event.
中文： 過去進行式 (was/were + -ing) 在此處用於描述過去某個特定時間點正在進行的動作或狀態，為另一個事件提供背景原因。
She was studying in the library when the fire alarm rang.
當火警鈴響起時，她正在圖書館讀書。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'because' introduces a dependent clause that explains the reason or cause for the action in the main clause.
中文： 從屬連接詞 'because' 引導一個從屬子句，用來解釋主要子句中動作發生的原因或動機。
They stayed home because it was raining heavily.
因為雨下得很大，所以他們待在家裡。
EN： Hayao Miyazaki is known for his strong pacifist views. His absence from the 2003 Academy Awards (where 'Spirited Away' won) was a significant political statement against the U.S. invasion of Iraq, reflecting the anti-war themes often found in his films like 'Howl's Moving Castle'.
中文： 宮崎駿以其堅定的和平主義觀點聞名。他缺席 2003 年奧斯卡頒獎典禮（當時《神隱少女》獲獎）是對美國入侵伊拉克的重大政治聲明，這也反映了他電影中常見的反戰主題，例如《霍爾的移動城堡》。
EN： Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): Used here to describe an action that has happened multiple times from the past up to the present moment.
中文： 現在完成式 (have/has + 過去分詞)：此處用於描述從過去到現在為止，重複發生過多次的動作或經驗。
She has visited Japan three times this year.
她今年已經去過日本三次了。
EN： Prepositional Phrase 'throughout': Used to indicate that something happens during the entire period of a particular time or process.
中文： 介係詞短語 'throughout'：用來表示某事在特定時期或過程的整個過程中持續發生。
The store is open throughout the year.
這家店全年無休。
EN： Hayao Miyazaki's repeated 'retirements' have become a running joke among fans and in the animation industry. It reflects his deep passion for storytelling, as he often finds it impossible to stay away from his craft despite the physical toll of hand-drawing films.
中文： 宮崎駿多次宣布「退休」已成為粉絲和動畫界的一個著名梗。這反映了他對說故事的深厚熱情，儘管手繪電影對體力消耗極大，他仍發現自己無法遠離創作。
EN： The structure 'find oneself + past participle' is used to describe a situation where someone realizes they are in a particular state or doing something, often unexpectedly or involuntarily.
中文： 結構「find oneself + 過去分詞 (V-ed)」用於描述某人意識到自己處於某種狀態或正在做某事，通常是出於非自願或出乎意料的情況。
After walking for hours, she found herself lost in the woods.
走了幾個小時後，她發現自己迷失在森林中。
EN： The phrase 'drawn back to' uses the past participle 'drawn' (from 'draw') to indicate being pulled or attracted toward something again.
中文： 短語「drawn back to」使用過去分詞「drawn」（源自 draw），表示再次被拉回或被吸引回到某個事物。
He was drawn back to his hometown by childhood memories.
他被童年的回憶吸引回到了家鄉。
EN： Hayao Miyazaki is famous for his 'false retirements.' This sentence reflects the common public perception that his passion for storytelling is so strong that he cannot stay away from the craft for long.
中文： 宮崎駿以其「多次退休」而聞名。這句話反映了公眾的普遍看法：他對說故事的熱情如此強烈，以至於他無法長期遠離這項工藝。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): Used here as a 'reduced relative clause' or to show a simultaneous action/result. 'Refusing' provides additional information about the subject (He) and explains his stance while performing the main action.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing)：此處用作補充說明或表示伴隨動作。'Refusing' 提供了關於主詞 (He) 的額外資訊，解釋了他在執行主要動作（繪圖）時的立場或態度。
She walked out of the room, slamming the door behind her.
她走出房間，砰的一聲關上了門。
EN： Adverbs of Frequency and Degree: 'Almost' is used to modify the quantifier 'every', indicating that while there might be exceptions, the statement applies to nearly the entire set.
中文： 程度副詞：'Almost' (幾乎) 用來修飾限定詞 'every' (每一個)，表示雖然可能有極少數例外，但該描述適用於絕大部分的情況。
I have finished almost every book on this shelf.
這書架上的書我幾乎每一本都讀完了。
EN： Hayao Miyazaki is famous for his insistence on traditional hand-drawn animation (cel animation) in an era where CGI (Computer-Generated Imagery) dominates the industry. This 'stubbornness' is seen by fans as a commitment to the warmth and texture of human-made art.
中文： 宮崎駿以堅持傳統手繪動畫（賽璐珞動畫）而聞名，在電腦繪圖（CGI）主導產業的時代，這種「執著」被影迷視為對人類藝術溫度與質感的堅守。
EN： The verb 'call' is used here as a complex transitive verb, following the pattern: call + object + object complement (adjective). This structure describes a quality attributed to the object.
中文： 動詞 'call' 在此作為複合及物動詞使用，句型為：call + 受詞 + 受詞補語（形容詞）。此結構用來描述賦予該受詞的特質或評價。
Most people call the new policy unfair.
大多數人認為這項新政策不公平。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'but' is used to connect two independent clauses, creating a contrast between a potential negative perception ('stubborn') and a positive interpretation ('dedication').
中文： 對等連接詞 'but' 用於連接兩個獨立子句，在潛在的負面看法（固執）與正面解讀（奉獻）之間建立對比。
The task was difficult, but she finished it on time.
這項任務很困難，但她準時完成了。
EN： In Japanese work culture, 'stubbornness' (kodawari) can often be seen as a positive trait of a master craftsman, implying an uncompromising pursuit of perfection. This sentence reflects the balance between a perceived personality flaw and professional excellence.
中文： 在日本職人文化中，「固執」（kodawari）常被視為大師的正面特質，意指對完美的絕不妥協。這句話反映了在他人眼中的性格缺點與專業卓越之間的平衡。
EN： The verb 'teach' is used here with a double object structure: 'teach + someone (indirect object) + that-clause (direct object)'. The 'that-clause' functions as a noun, explaining what is being taught.
中文： 動詞「teach」在此處使用雙賓語結構：「teach + 某人（間接賓語）+ that 子句（直接賓語）」。這個「that 子句」充當名詞功能，說明所教導的內容。
The teacher taught us that honesty is the best policy.
老師教導我們誠實為上策。
EN： The passive voice 'should be protected' is formed by 'should + be + past participle'. It emphasizes the action being done to the subject (nature) rather than who is doing it.
中文： 被動語態「should be protected」由「should + be + 過去分詞」構成。它強調作用於主體（大自然）的動作，而非執行動作的人。
Historical buildings should be preserved for future generations.
歷史建築應該為後代子孫保留下來。
EN： Miyazaki's works are deeply rooted in Shintoism and environmentalism. In Japanese culture, nature is often seen as having its own spirits (kami), which explains why his films frequently portray nature as a living, sacred entity that requires respect.
中文： 宮崎駿的作品深受神道教和環保主義影響。在日本文化中，大自然通常被認為擁有自己的神靈（kami），這解釋了為什麼他的電影經常將自然描繪成一個需要尊重的、活生生的神聖實體。
EN： The sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'show'. This structure allows the speaker to express a complete thought or fact within a larger sentence.
中文： 本句使用 'that 子句' 作為名詞子句，充當動詞 'show' 的直接受詞。這種結構允許說話者在一個較大的句子中表達一個完整的思想或事實。
Scientists believe that climate change is a serious threat.
科學家相信氣候變遷是一個嚴重的威脅。
EN： The word 'lasting' is a present participle used as an adjective to describe the noun 'consequences', indicating a state that continues for a long time.
中文： 單字 'lasting' 是現在分詞當作形容詞使用，用來修飾名詞 'consequences'，表示一種持續很長時間的狀態。
The book had a lasting impact on my life.
這本書對我的人生產生了持久的影響。
EN： Miyazaki's anti-war stance is a recurring theme in his work, heavily influenced by his childhood memories of post-WWII Japan. This sentence reflects his belief that cinema should address serious social and historical issues even when created for children.
中文： 宮崎駿的反戰立場是他作品中反覆出現的主題，這深受他童年時期對二戰後日本記憶的影響。這句話反映了他的信念：即使是為兒童創作的電影，也應該探討嚴肅的社會和歷史問題。
EN： The sentence uses a 'Noun Clause' as a direct object, introduced by the conjunction 'that'. This allows the speaker to express a complex thought or statement as the object of the verb 'shows'.
中文： 本句使用了由連接詞「that」引導的「名詞子句」作為直接受詞。這讓說話者能將一個完整的想法或陳述作為動詞「shows」的受詞。
She believes that hard work leads to success.
她相信努力工作會帶來成功。
EN： The phrase 'full of...' is an adjective phrase acting as a post-modifier. It provides additional information about the noun 'adventure' without needing a relative pronoun like 'which is'.
中文： 短語「full of...」是一個形容詞短語，作為後置修飾語使用。它在不需要關係代名詞（如 which is）的情況下，為名詞「adventure」提供額外資訊。
The room was quiet, full of sleeping children.
房間裡很安靜，到處都是熟睡的孩子。
EN： Miyazaki's films often contrast with Western animation by focusing on 'Ma' (emptiness) and the slow, internal growth of characters rather than just external conflict. This sentence reflects his philosophy that maturity comes through experiencing both the beauty and the difficulty of the world.
中文： 宮崎駿的電影與西方動畫常有不同，他強調「間」（留白）以及角色內在的緩慢成長，而非僅僅是外部衝突。這句話反映了他的哲學：成熟來自於體驗世界的真善美與艱難險阻。
EN： The sentence uses a Noun Clause starting with 'that' as a Subject Complement. This clause follows the linking verb 'is' to define or explain the subject 'philosophy'.
中文： 本句使用了由 'that' 引導的名詞子句作為「主詞補語」。此子句接在連綴動詞 'is' 之後，用來定義或解釋主詞 'philosophy'（哲學）的具體內容。
My belief is that honesty is the best policy.
我的信念是誠實為上策。
EN： The word 'even' is used as an intensive adverb to emphasize something surprising or extreme—in this case, that even 'bad' characters possess depth.
中文： 單字 'even'（甚至）在此作為強調副詞，用來強調令人驚訝或極端的情況。在本文中，它強調了即使是「壞的」角色也具備深度。
Even the smallest mistake can cause a big problem.
即使是最小的錯誤也可能導致大問題。
EN： Miyazaki is famous for avoiding simple 'good vs. evil' tropes. His antagonists, like Lady Eboshi in 'Princess Mononoke' or No-Face in 'Spirited Away', often have sympathetic motivations or are shaped by their environment, reflecting a nuanced worldview common in Japanese storytelling.
中文： 宮崎駿以避免簡單的「善惡二元論」而聞名。他的反派角色，如《魔法公主》中的艾伯希大人或《神隱少女》中的無臉男，通常擁有令人同情的動機或受環境影響而改變，這反映了日本敘事中常見的細膩世界觀。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 逐漸地，一步步地
在本文中： 迷人的，吸引人的
在本文中： 成就，功績
在本文中： 抗議，反對
在本文中： 退休
在本文中： 欣然接受，採納
在本文中： 固執的，頑固的
在本文中： 奉獻，投入
在本文中： 珍貴的，寶貴的
在本文中： 後果，影響
在本文中： 哲學，人生觀
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To attract someone to something again or to return to a previous state.
吸引回來，拉回
Earning more money than any other film or product.
最高票房的，最賺錢的
Done by a person rather than a machine.
手工地，親手地
In the beginning.
起初，剛開始時
A very successful and popular movie, song, or book.
大受歡迎的作品；熱門
A full-length animated movie, typically lasting 40 minutes or longer.
動畫長片
One of the many single images that make up a motion picture.
幀；畫面