David Attenborough: The Boy Who Collected Stones大衛·艾登堡：收集石頭的男孩
聆聽課程
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EN： Non-restrictive Relative Clause: The word 'where' introduces a non-restrictive relative clause that provides extra information about the place 'Leicester, England'. It is separated by a comma and can be replaced by 'in which'.
中文： 非限定用法關係子句：單字 'where' 引導一個非限定用法的關係子句，用來提供關於「英格蘭萊斯特」這個地點的額外資訊。這類子句通常用逗號隔開，且可以用 'in which' 替換。
She moved to Paris, where she studied art for three years.
她搬到了巴黎，在那裡學習了三年的藝術。
EN： Possessive Case ('s): The apostrophe followed by 's' is used to show ownership or relationship. Here, it indicates that the story belongs to or is about David Attenborough.
中文： 所有格 ('s)：在名詞後加上撇號與 's' 用來表示所有權或關係。在這裡，它表示這個故事是關於大衛·艾登堡的。
The teacher's book is on the desk.
老師的書在書桌上。
EN： Leicester is a historic city in the East Midlands of England. It is known for its diverse culture and was the place where David Attenborough's father worked as a university principal, which provided David with access to academic resources from a young age.
中文： 萊斯特是英格蘭東米德蘭茲地區的一座歷史名城。它以多元文化著稱，也是大衛·艾登堡的父親擔任大學校長的地方，這讓大衛從小就能接觸到豐富的學術資源。
EN： The phrase 'be fascinated by' is a passive construction used to express a strong interest or attraction to something. 'Fascinated' acts as a past participle adjective describing the subject's state.
中文： 短語「be fascinated by」是一種被動結構，用於表達對某事物的強烈興趣或著迷。「Fascinated」作為過去分詞形容詞，描述主詞的心理狀態。
She was fascinated by the ancient ruins of Greece.
她對希臘的古代遺跡感到著迷。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'from a young age' is a common idiom used to indicate that a habit, interest, or state began during childhood.
中文： 介係詞短語「from a young age」是一個常用的慣用語，用來表示某種習慣、興趣或狀態是從童年時期就開始的。
He showed a talent for music from a young age.
他從小就展現出音樂天賦。
EN： The structure 'spend + time + V-ing' is used to indicate how much time is dedicated to a specific activity. The verb following the time duration must be in the present participle (gerund) form.
中文： 結構「spend + 時間 + V-ing」用於表示投入多少時間在某項特定的活動上。接在時間長度後的動詞必須使用現在分詞（動名詞）形式。
She spent the whole afternoon reading a novel.
她花了整個下午讀小說。
EN： The past simple tense is used here to describe completed actions or habits in the past. 'Spent' is the irregular past tense form of 'spend'.
中文： 此處使用過去簡單式來描述過去已完成的動作或習慣。「Spent」是「spend」的不規則過去式形式。
They visited the museum last weekend.
他們上週末參觀了博物館。
EN： In the mid-20th century, it was common for British children to explore the countryside and collect natural specimens like fossils or bird eggs. Today, collecting wild bird eggs is illegal in the UK under the Wildlife and Countryside Act to protect biodiversity.
中文： 在 20 世紀中葉，英國兒童在鄉間探索並收集化石或鳥蛋等自然標本是很常見的。然而，為了保護生物多樣性，根據英國《野生動物與鄉村法案》，現在收集野鳥蛋在英國是違法的。
EN： The verb 'lead' (past tense: 'led') is often used in the pattern 'lead someone to do something,' meaning to cause or influence someone to take a specific course of action.
中文： 動詞「lead」（過去式為 led）常用於「lead someone to do something」的句型，意指導致或影響某人採取特定的行動。
Her curiosity led her to explore the abandoned house.
她的好奇心引領她去探索那棟廢棄的房子。
EN： The infinitive 'to study' functions as an object complement here, completing the meaning of what the object 'him' was led to do.
中文： 不定詞「to study」在此作為受詞補語，用來補充說明受詞「him」被引領去做什麼動作。
The coach encouraged him to practice every day.
教練鼓勵他每天練習。
EN： In the UK, 'at university' is used without an article (like 'at school'), whereas in American English, people often say 'at a university' or 'in college'.
中文： 在英國英語中，「at university」不加冠詞（類似於 at school），而在美國英語中，人們通常會說「at a university」或「in college」。
EN： The verb 'become' is a linking verb (copula) used to describe a change in state or identity. It connects the subject to a subject complement (a noun or adjective) that identifies or describes the subject.
中文： 動詞 'become' 是一個連綴動詞，用於描述狀態或身份的改變。它將主詞與主詞補語（名詞或形容詞）連接起來，用以識別或描述主詞。
The small town became a bustling city over the decade.
這座小鎮在十年間變成了一個繁華的城市。
EN： The preposition 'for' is used here to indicate purpose or function, showing what the 'foundation' was intended to support or lead to.
中文： 介係詞 'for' 在此處用於表示目的或功能，說明這個「基礎」是為了支持或導向什麼目標。
Hard work is the key for success.
努力是成功的關鍵。
EN： In British English, 'subjects' refers to the specific branches of knowledge studied in school or university. David Attenborough's study of geology and zoology is a classic example of how academic specialization in the UK education system shapes one's professional path.
中文： 在英式英語中，'subjects' 指的是在學校或大學學習的特定知識分支。大衛·艾登堡對地質學和動物學的研究，是英國教育體系中學術專業化如何形塑個人職業道路的經典案例。
EN： Apposition (Appositive Phrase): This occurs when a noun or noun phrase is placed next to another noun to rename or explain it. In this sentence, 'or BBC' explains 'the British Broadcasting Corporation'.
中文： 同位語（同位語短語）：當一個名詞或名詞短語放在另一個名詞旁邊，用來重新命名或解釋它時，即為同位語。在本句中，「or BBC」解釋了「the British Broadcasting Corporation」。
My brother, a talented musician, lives in London.
我的哥哥是一位有才華的音樂家，他住在倫敦。
EN： The Preposition 'As' for Roles: The word 'as' is used here as a preposition to indicate the role, capacity, or function of a person. It is commonly used when discussing jobs or positions.
中文： 介系詞「As」表示身份：這裡的「as」作為介系詞，用來表示一個人的角色、身份或職能。這在討論工作或職位時非常常見。
She worked as a teacher for ten years.
她當了十年的老師。
EN： The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is the national broadcaster of the United Kingdom. It is one of the oldest and most respected media organizations in the world, known for its high-quality documentaries and news reporting.
中文： BBC（英國廣播公司）是英國的國家廣播機構。它是世界上歷史最悠久、最受尊敬的媒體機構之一，以其高品質的紀錄片和新聞報導而聞名。
EN： The use of 'few' (without 'a') indicates a negative connotation, meaning 'not many' or 'hardly any'. It is used with plural countable nouns to emphasize scarcity.
中文： 使用 'few'（不加 a）具有否定意味，表示「很少」或「幾乎沒有」。它與複數可數名詞連用，用來強調數量的稀少。
Few students passed the difficult exam.
很少有學生通過了那場艱難的考試。
EN： The semicolon (;) is used to link two independent clauses that are closely related in thought, functioning similarly to a period but showing a stronger connection.
中文： 分號 (;) 用於連接兩個在思想上緊密相關的獨立子句，其功能類似於句號，但能展現更強的關聯性。
The weather was beautiful; we decided to go for a hike.
天氣非常好；我們決定去健行。
EN： In the early 1950s, television was a luxury in post-war Britain. The BBC held a monopoly on broadcasting, and the 1953 coronation of Queen Elizabeth II was the pivotal event that finally prompted millions of British households to purchase their first TV sets.
中文： 在 1950 年代初期，電視在戰後的英國是一種奢侈品。當時英國廣播公司 (BBC) 壟斷了廣播事業，而 1953 年伊莉莎白二世女王的加冕典禮是促使數百萬英國家庭購買第一台電視機的關鍵事件。
EN： The use of 'opportunity + to-infinitive' (to use) acts as an adjective phrase to describe the noun 'opportunity', specifying what kind of opportunity it is.
中文： 使用「opportunity + 不定詞」(to use) 作為形容詞短語來修飾名詞「opportunity」，明確說明是什麼樣的機會。
She had an opportunity to study abroad last year.
她去年有一個出國留學的機會。
EN： The verb 'show' is a ditransitive verb, which can take two objects: an indirect object (people) and a direct object (the natural world).
中文： 動詞「show」是一個雙賓動詞，可以接兩個受詞：間接受詞（people）和直接受詞（the natural world）。
He showed his friends the new photos.
他向朋友們展示了新照片。
EN： In the early 1950s, television was a revolutionary medium in the UK. David Attenborough was a pioneer who recognized that TV could be more than just entertainment; it could be a powerful educational tool to bring the wonders of nature into living rooms.
中文： 在 1950 年代初期，電視在英國是一項革命性的媒介。大衛·艾登堡是一位先驅，他意識到電視不僅僅是娛樂工具，它還可以成為強大的教育工具，將大自然的奇觀帶入客廳。
EN： Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle): Used to describe an action that was completed before another point in time or event in the past. In this context, it emphasizes that prior to the advent of television, the experience of seeing wild animals was non-existent for most.
中文： 過去完成式 (had + 過去分詞)：用於描述在過去某個時間點或事件之前已經完成的動作。在此語境中，它強調在電視普及之前，大多數人完全沒有見過野生動物的經驗。
She had never traveled abroad before she turned thirty.
在她三十歲之前，她從未出國旅行過。
EN： Prepositional Phrase as Adverbial of Place: 'In their natural habitats' functions as an adverbial phrase modifying the verb 'seen', providing specific information about where the action (or lack thereof) occurred.
中文： 介係詞短語作為地點狀語：「In their natural habitats」作為狀語短語修飾動詞「seen」，提供了關於動作（或此處指缺乏動作）發生地點的具體信息。
Many rare plants grow in their natural habitats without human interference.
許多稀有植物在沒有人為干擾的自然棲息地中生長。
EN： Before the 1950s, nature documentaries as we know them today did not exist. People's knowledge of exotic wildlife was limited to books, zoos, or rare museum exhibits. David Attenborough's work with the BBC revolutionized how the general public perceived the natural world, bringing the 'wild' into the living room.
中文： 在 1950 年代之前，我們今天所熟知的自然紀錄片並不存在。人們對異國野生動物的了解僅限於書籍、動物園或罕見的博物館展覽。大衛·艾登堡與 BBC 的合作徹底改變了公眾對自然世界的認知，將「荒野」帶進了客廳。
EN： The sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a direct object of the verb 'believed'. In English, the conjunction 'that' is often omitted in informal or narrative contexts when it follows common verbs of thinking or feeling.
中文： 本句使用了「that 子句」作為動詞「believed」的直接受詞。在英語中，當 that 子句接在表示思考或感覺的常用動詞之後時，連接詞「that」在非正式或敘述語境中經常被省略。
She thought she could finish the project by Friday.
她以為她能在週五前完成這項企劃。
EN： The modal verb 'could' is used here as the past tense of 'can' to express possibility or ability within a past-tense narrative (backshifting).
中文： 助動詞「could」在此作為「can」的過去式，用於在過去時態的敘述中表達可能性或能力（時態回推）。
They knew they could win the game if they practiced hard.
他們知道如果努力練習，他們就能贏得比賽。
EN： In the 1950s, television was a revolutionary medium. The idea of 'broadcasting into homes' was a shift from cinema, where people had to go out to see moving images. David Attenborough was a key figure in making the living room a window to the natural world.
中文： 在 1950 年代，電視是一項革命性的媒介。「播送到家中」的概念與電影院截然不同，當時人們必須出門才能看到動態影像。大衛·艾登堡是將客廳變成觀察自然世界之窗的關鍵人物。
EN： Appositives: A noun or noun phrase placed next to another noun to identify or explain it. Here, 'a pioneering television program...' explains what 'Zoo Quest' is.
中文： 同位語：放置在另一個名詞旁邊，用來識別或解釋該名詞的名詞或名詞短語。在這裡，「一個開創性的電視節目...」解釋了《動物園探奇》是什麼。
My friend, a talented pianist, won the competition.
我的朋友是一位才華橫溢的鋼琴家，他贏得了比賽。
EN： Relative Clauses (Defining): Using 'that' to introduce a clause that provides essential information about a noun. In this case, it describes what the program did.
中文： 關係子句（限定性）：使用 'that' 引導一個子句，為名詞提供必要的資訊。在本文中，它描述了該節目的具體功能。
The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.
我昨天買的那本書非常有趣。
EN： 'Zoo Quest' was a landmark series for the BBC in the 1950s. It was one of the first times wild animals were filmed in their natural environment rather than in a studio, changing how the public viewed nature.
中文： 《動物園探奇》(Zoo Quest) 是 1950 年代英國廣播公司 (BBC) 的里程碑式系列節目。這是最早在自然環境中而非攝影棚內拍攝野生動物的節目之一，改變了公眾看待大自然的方式。
EN： The 'to-infinitive' (to + base verb) is used here as an adverbial of purpose to explain why the action was performed.
中文： 不定詞（to + 原型動詞）在此作為副詞用法，用來表示目的，解釋主詞執行動作的原因。
She saved money to buy a new laptop.
她存錢是為了買一台新筆記型電腦。
EN： Parallel structure with 'and' connects two verbs ('find' and 'film') that share the same object ('wild animals').
中文： 對等連接詞 'and' 連接兩個動詞（find 和 film），這兩個動詞共享同一個受詞（wild animals），形成平行結構。
He likes to read and write short stories.
他喜歡閱讀並撰寫短篇故事。
EN： In the 1950s, when David Attenborough started, international travel was rare and expensive. The term 'exotic' reflected the British public's fascination with parts of the world they could only see through his lens.
中文： 在 1950 年代大衛·艾登堡剛起步時，國際旅遊非常罕見且昂貴。「Exotic」（異國情調）一詞反映了當時英國大眾對於那些只能透過他的鏡頭才能看到的遙遠世界的著迷。
EN： The phrase 'among other locations' is an adverbial phrase used to indicate that the list provided is not exhaustive; there are additional items that are not mentioned.
中文： 短語 'among other locations' 是一個副詞短語，用來表示所提供的清單並未詳盡列出，還有其他未提及的地點。
The museum features works by Picasso and Dali, among other artists.
這間博物館展出了畢卡索和達利等藝術家的作品。
EN： The verb 'take' is used here in the sense of 'leading' or 'bringing' someone to a destination, often used to describe the path of a journey or career.
中文： 動詞 'take' 在此處用於「帶領」或「引導」某人前往某個目的地，常用於描述旅程或職業生涯的軌跡。
Her research took her to several remote villages in the Amazon.
她的研究帶領她去了亞馬遜地區的幾個偏遠村莊。
EN： The countries mentioned (Sierra Leone, Indonesia, Paraguay) represent the global reach of David Attenborough's early work, highlighting the transition from British-centric broadcasting to international nature exploration in the post-WWII era.
中文： 文中所提到的國家（獅子山、印尼、巴拉圭）代表了戴維·艾登堡早期工作的全球範圍，突顯了二戰後英國廣播從以本土為中心轉向國際自然探索的轉變。
EN： The phrase 'among the first' is used to indicate that something belongs to a specific group of pioneers or early examples, rather than being the single first one.
中文： 短語「among the first」用於表示某事物屬於特定的一組先驅或早期範例，而不是唯一的首個。
She was among the first women to graduate from this medical school.
她是這所醫學院首批畢業的女性之一。
EN： The word 'broadcast' here is a past participle acting as a reduced relative clause (which were broadcast), modifying the noun 'programs'.
中文： 這裡的「broadcast」是過去分詞，作為簡化關係子句（省略了 which were），用來修飾名詞「programs」（節目）。
The news broadcast yesterday was very shocking.
昨天播出的新聞非常令人震驚。
EN： The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) has a long-standing global reputation for high-quality natural history documentaries, a legacy largely built by David Attenborough since the 1950s.
中文： 英國廣播公司 (BBC) 在高品質自然歷史紀錄片方面享有長期的國際聲譽，這一傳統很大程度上是由大衛·艾登堡自 1950 年代以來建立的。
EN： The sentence uses the Past Simple tense to describe completed actions in the past. It also features a compound predicate where two verbs ('captured' and 'launched') share the same subject ('Zoo Quest').
中文： 本句使用過去簡單式（Past Simple）來描述過去已完成的動作。此外，這是一個複合謂語結構，兩個動詞（captured 和 launched）共享同一個主詞（Zoo Quest）。
The movie touched the audience's hearts and won several awards.
這部電影觸動了觀眾的心，並贏得了多個獎項。
EN： The phrase 'capture someone's imagination' is an idiomatic collocation meaning to interest someone very much and make them think of new possibilities.
中文： 片語「capture someone's imagination」是一個慣用搭配，意思是「引起某人的興趣或激發某人的想像力」。
The new space mission has captured the public's imagination.
這項新的太空任務激發了公眾的想像力。
EN： 'Zoo Quest' (1954–1963) was a landmark series for the BBC. At a time when nature documentaries were often filmed in studios with captive animals, this program was revolutionary because it showed animals in the wild, changing how the British public perceived the natural world.
中文： 《動物園探奇》（1954-1963）是 BBC 的里程碑式系列節目。在當時，自然紀錄片通常是在攝影棚內拍攝圈養動物，而這個節目因展示野外動物而具有革命性，改變了英國公眾對自然世界的認知。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 對某事感到極度感興趣或著迷
在本文中： 基礎；為未來發展提供支持的根本
在本文中： 實習生；正在接受工作培訓的人
在本文中： 媒介；傳播資訊的方法或工具
在本文中： 棲息地；動植物自然生長的地方
在本文中： 廣播；播送（節目）
在本文中： 開創性的；先驅的
在本文中： 偏遠的；遠離人群的
在本文中： 異國風情的；奇特的
在本文中： 探險；考察旅行
在本文中： 想像力
在本文中： 開啟；使（事業等）開始發展
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
The world of nature, including plants, animals, and landscapes, as opposed to the human-made world.
自然界
To interest or excite someone very much.
引起（公眾）的興趣或想像
At a particular moment in the past.
在當時
To result in or cause something to happen.
導致；引起
A specific channel or system of communication, information, or entertainment.
媒介、媒體
A person learning the professional role of overseeing the production of a television show or film.
見習製作人
A specific segment of content intended for broadcast on television.
電視節目
To start a professional path or career with great success or momentum.
開啟、展開（職業生涯）