EN： The idiom 'far from + adjective/noun' means 'not at all' or 'nowhere near'. In 'far from over', 'over' acts as a predicate adjective meaning 'finished' or 'ended'. Thus, the phrase emphasizes that something is definitely not finished.
中文： 短语「far from + 形容词/名词」表示「一点也不……」或「远远不是……」。在此处，「over」作为形容词表示「结束」，因此「far from over」用来强烈强调某件事「远远尚未结束」。
The investigation is far from over, and new evidence is still emerging.
这项调查远远尚未结束，新的证据仍持续浮现。
EN： The present perfect tense ('has announced') connects a past action to the present moment, typically used in news reporting to introduce recent news that has current relevance. It is followed here by a 'that'-noun clause acting as the direct object of the announcement.
中文： 现在完成式（has announced）将过去发生的动作与现在连结，常见于新闻报道开头，用来传递对目前具影响力的最新消息。后方连接的「that 子句」则作为受词，说明宣布的具体内容。
The company has announced that all employees will receive a bonus this winter.
该公司已宣布所有员工今年冬天都将获得奖金。
EN： In British politics, a 'secretary' (specifically 'Secretary of State') refers to a senior cabinet minister in charge of a government department, equivalent to a 'Minister' in many countries. The word 'drive' here is commonly used in UK policy contexts to denote an organized, concerted campaign or initiative.
中文： 在英国政制中，「secretary」（特别是内阁首长「Secretary of State」）指的是部长级首长，中文常译为「大臣」或「部长」。另外，「drive」在此非指驾驶，而是英美政策语境中常用的词汇，表示「有组织、大规模推进的专案或运动」。
EN： A gerund phrase (verb + -ing) can act as the grammatical subject of a clause. Here, 'banning children under sixteen from social media platforms' acts as the singular subject of the subordinate clause introduced by 'that', taking the singular verb 'is'.
中文： 动名词词组（动词 + -ing）可作为子句的主词。在此句中，「banning children under sixteen from social media platforms」作为由「that」引导的名词子句的主词，视为单数，因此搭配单数动词「is」。
Limiting screen time for teenagers is essential for their mental health.
限制青少年的屏幕使用时间对他们的身心健康至关重要。
EN： The verb 'ban' commonly follows the pattern 'ban someone from doing something / something', meaning to officially prohibit someone from participating in or using something.
中文： 动词「ban」常用的句型结构为「ban someone from (doing) something」，表示「禁止某人做某事或使用某物」。
The school banned students from bringing mobile phones into the classroom.
学校禁止学生带手机进教室。
EN： The idiom 'staging post' originated from stagecoach travel in Britain, referring to a regular stopping place for changing horses or resting. In British political and news contexts, it metaphorically means an intermediate milestone or temporary phase toward a bigger objective, rather than the final destination.
中文： 「staging post」源于英国过去驿马马车时期的「驿站」，供车辆换马或旅客歇脚。在英国政治与新闻语境中，此词常被用作隐喻，指达成更远大目标过程中的「过渡阶段」或「中间里程碑」，而非最终的终点。
EN： The reporting/linking verb 'means' is followed here by a nominal that-clause with 'that' omitted: 'This means [that] the government plans...'. This pattern is commonly used to explain the consequence or significance of a preceding statement.
中文： 动词「means」（意味着）后面省略了连接词「that」，引导一个名词从句作为宾语：「This means [that] the government plans...」。此结构常用于解释前文所述内容的影响或隐含意义。
This decision shows the company wants to expand globally.
这个决定表明该公司希望向全球扩张。
EN： The verb 'protect' typically pairs with the preposition 'from' in the pattern 'protect [someone/something] from [something]', meaning to keep someone or something safe from harm or danger.
中文： 动词「protect」（保护）通常与介词「from」搭配，构成「protect [某人/某物] from [某事/危险]」的句型，意思是保护某人或某物免受伤害或威胁。
Sunscreen helps protect your skin from harmful UV rays.
防晒乳有助于保护你的皮肤免受有害紫外线的伤害。
EN： In recent years, 'online harm' has become a specific legal and political term in British governance, closely tied to the UK's Online Safety Act, which places legal duties on tech firms to shield minors from cyberbullying, predatory algorithms, and harmful content.
中文： 近年来，「online harm」（网络伤害）已成为英国政府与法律体系中的专有名词，与英国的《线上安全法案》（Online Safety Act）密切相关，旨在赋予科技平台法律责任，以保护未成年人免受网络霸凌、演算推荐陷阱及有害内容的侵害。
EN： The noun 'ban' is followed by the preposition 'on' to indicate what is prohibited: 'ban on + noun/gerund'. Here, 'teenagers under sixteen' acts as the logical subject of the gerund 'accessing' (ban on [someone] doing [something]).
中文： 名词「ban」（禁令）后面常搭配介系词「on」来表示被禁止的对象或事项，结构为「ban on + 名词/动名词」。在此句中，「teenagers under sixteen」作为动名词「accessing」的逻辑主词，形成「ban on [某人] doing [某事]」的结构。
The school introduced a ban on students using smartphones during class.
学校发布了一项禁止学生在课堂中使用智能手机的禁令。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'under sixteen' functions as a post-modifier (adjective phrase) modifying the noun 'teenagers', meaning 'who are younger than sixteen years old'.
中文： 介系词片语「under sixteen」在此作为后位修饰语（形容词片语），用来修饰名词「teenagers」，意思是「未满十六岁的」。
Children under twelve must be accompanied by an adult.
十二岁以下的儿童必须由成人陪同。
EN： Governments across Europe and the UK are increasingly passing legislation (such as the Online Safety Act) to protect minors from digital harms, including cyberbullying, algorithmic addiction, and mature content. Placing age restrictions on social media has become a prominent political debate internationally.
中文： 英国与欧洲各国政府近年来积极推动相关立法（例如英国的《在线安全法》），旨在保护未成年人免受网络霸凌、算法成瘾及不良内容的侵害。限制未成年人使用社交媒体已成为当前国际间备受瞩目的政策议题。
EN： The phrase 'be subjected to' is a passive construction followed by a preposition ('to'). It means to be forced to undergo or experience something unpleasant, official, or demanding. In this sentence, it combines with the modal auxiliary 'will' to form the future passive: 'will be subjected to'.
中文： 短语「be subjected to」是一个被动结构，后接介词「to」，意思是「遭受、承受、受到（严格对待、限制或审查）」。在此句中，它与情态助动词「will」结合，形成未来被动式「will be subjected to」。注意此处的「to」是介词，后面接名词或动名词。
All international travelers will be subjected to random security checks.
所有国际旅客都将接受随机安全检查。
EN： The adverb 'also' is used to add new information. When placed in a verb phrase containing auxiliary verbs (like 'will' and 'be'), it typically sits right after the first auxiliary verb: 'will also be...'.
中文： 副词「also」（也）用于补充新信息。当句子中有多个助动词（如 'will' 和 'be'）时，'also' 通常放在第一个助动词之后，形成「will also be...」的语序。
Small businesses will also receive government subsidies.
小型企业也将获得政府补助金。
EN： In news coverage of UK tech regulation, 'safer platforms' contrasts with 'high-risk apps' (like major algorithmic social media). This indicates that policy interventions will not only target obvious social networks but also broaden to messaging apps, forums, or educational tools previously thought to be low risk.
中文： 在英国科技法规的新闻脉络中，「较安全的平台（safer platforms）」是相对于「高风险应用程式（high-risk apps）」而言。这代表政府的监管范围正在扩大，不仅针对大型演算法社群平台，甚至连以往被认为风险较低的通讯软体或论坛，也可能纳入规范以全面保护未成年人。
EN： Non-defining relative clause: The relative pronoun 'which' preceded by a comma adds extra explanatory information about the preceding noun phrase ('infinite scrolling and algorithmic content'). Unlike defining clauses, non-defining clauses use commas and cannot use 'that'.
中文： 非限定关系子句：在逗号后使用关系代名词 'which'，用来对前面的名词片语（'infinite scrolling and algorithmic content'，即无限滚动与演算法内容）补充说明额外资讯。非限定子句不可使用 'that' 替换，且前后须用逗号隔开。
The app introduced daily time limits, which helps teenagers manage their screen time better.
该应用程式推出了每日时间限制，这有助于青少年更好地管理他们的萤幕使用时间介
EN： Collocation 'limits on [noun]': The noun 'limit' is frequently followed by the preposition 'on' to indicate what is being restricted or controlled.
中文： 名词搭配介系词 'limits on'：名词 'limit'（限制）常搭配介系词 'on'，用以表示「对……的限制」或所管制的对象介
The city imposed strict limits on carbon emissions from factories.
该市对工厂的碳排放实施了严格的限制介
EN： In recent years, tech regulators in the UK and EU have targeted 'infinite scrolling' (a design feature pioneered by social media to keep users engaged endlessly without page breaks) and 'algorithmic feeds' (content sorted by engagement prediction rather than chronologically). Regulators argue these addictive mechanics disproportionately expose younger audiences to harmful or radicalizing content.
中文： 近年来，英国与欧盟的科技监管机构将焦点锁定在「无限滚动」（infinite scrolling，一种让使用者无需翻页即可无止境浏览的社群功能）与「演算法推荐动态」（algorithmic feeds，依互动预测而非时间顺序推送内容）。监管机构认为此类成瘾性设计容易使用户（尤其是青少年）过度暴露于有害或极端内容中。
EN： The idiom 'come into effect' means to become valid or officially operational, especially for laws, rules, or policies. It is often paired with future tense ('will come into effect') and time prepositions like 'in' or 'on'.
中文： 成语短语「come into effect」意思是「生效」或「开始实施」，常专门用于法律、法规、政策或合约。在此句中搭配未来式助动词「will」，并常接介系词「in + 月份/年份」或「on + 具体日期」。
The new environmental regulations will come into effect next month.
新的环境法规将于下个月生效。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'as part of' indicates that the subject or action is an element, stage, or component of a larger project, initiative, or plan.
中文： 介系词片语「as part of」意为「作为……的一部分」，用来表明某个行动、措施或要素隶属于一项更大规模的计划、倡议或体系之中。
She received specialized training as part of the company's onboarding program.
作为公司入职培训计划的一部分，她接受了专业训练。
EN： In the UK, the implementation of stricter online safety controls, such as the Online Safety Act, places statutory obligations on tech platforms to verify user ages to protect minors from harmful material. Phrases like 'come into effect' and 'government initiative' are standard journalistic terminology when reporting on Westminster policy rollouts.
中文： 在英国，随着《在线安全法案》（Online Safety Act）等法规的逐步推进，政府与监管机构要求科技平台必须落实严格的年龄认证机制，以保护未成年人免受有害内容侵害。「come into effect」（生效）与「government initiative」（政府倡议／施政项目）是英国新闻媒体在报道西敏寺政府政策落实时非常标准的公务与新闻用语。
EN： The verb 'vow' means to make a solemn promise and is commonly followed by a to-infinitive ('vow to do something'). Here, it is used in the present perfect tense ('has vowed') to show an action completed recently that has relevance to the present.
中文： 动词「vow」（发誓、立誓）表示郑重承诺，后方通常接不定词结构（vow to + 原形动词）。本句中使用现在完成式（has vowed），表示最近刚做出的宣誓或承诺，且其影响持续与当前情势相关。
The company has vowed to reduce its carbon emissions by next year.
该公司已发誓要在明年之前减少碳排放。
EN： The comparative adverb 'further' indicates degree or extent (meaning 'to a greater degree'). When combined with the intensifier 'even' ('even further'), it emphasizes taking actions beyond what has already been done or proposed.
中文： 副词比较级“further”在这里表示程度或范围上的“更进一步”。搭配加强语气的副词“even”（even further），用来强调采取超越现有措施或承诺的更严格行动。
The mayor decided to go even further with traffic restrictions.
市长决定在交通限制上采取更进一步的举措。
EN： In British politics, culture secretaries oversee digital media and online safety legislation. Lisa Nandy's comments reflect ongoing legislative efforts in the UK, such as the Online Safety Act, aimed at tightening regulations on major tech platforms to protect minors from harmful online content.
中文： 在英国政坛中，文化大臣掌管数字媒体及网络安全法规政策。南迪的表态反映了英国近年来（例如《网络安全法》）持续强化对大型科技巨头监管的政策方向，特别聚焦于保护青少年免受网络不良内容的侵害。
EN： The preposition 'before' introduces a time prepositional phrase ('before a speech') modifying the main verb 'spoke', indicating that the action took place prior to the event mentioned.
中文： 介词「before」引导时间介词短语（before a speech），用以修饰主要动词「spoke」，表示该动作发生在演讲之前。
He met with journalists before a meeting with the committee.
他在与委员会开会前会见了记者。
EN： Nested prepositional phrases ('before a speech' + 'at the Labour party conference') function adverbially to provide successive layers of circumstantial detail (time and location) for the predicate.
中文： 多重介词短语堆叠（「before a speech」加上「at the Labour party conference」）作为副词修饰语，层层补充主要述语发生的时间与地点细节。
The minister answered questions before a conference at city hall.
部长在市政厅的一场研讨会前回答了问题。
EN： The 'Labour party conference' is an annual multi-day event held in autumn where the UK Labour Party discusses policies, listens to major speeches from leadership, and sets political priorities. It is a major media and political fixture in British politics.
中文： 「工党大会」（Labour party conference）是英国工党每年秋季举行的年度重要会议。党内要员会在此发表重大演说、辩论政策方针并确立未来政治议程，是英国政治界每年的焦点活动之一。
EN： Modal verb 'shouldn't' followed by a bare infinitive expresses advice, strong recommendation, or moral obligation not to do something.
中文： 情态助动词「shouldn't」后接原形动词（bare infinitive），用于表达强烈建议、不赞同某事或劝阻（「不应该……」）。
We shouldn't ignore the warning signs.
我们不应该忽视这些警告信号。
EN： The conjunction 'that' introduces a noun clause functioning as the direct object of the verb 'accept'. Inside the clause, 'this is the end' acts as a complete subordinate statement.
中文： 连接词「that」引导名词子句（noun clause），在此作为动词「accept」的受词；子句内「this is the end」构成一个完整的从属陈述句。
They accept that changes will take time.
他们接受变革需要时间的事实。
EN： In political discourse, phrases like 'accept that this is the end' are commonly used to rally party members and signal that initial legislation or restrictions (such as age limits on social media) are merely the starting point, not the full extent of planned regulatory intervention.
中文： 在政治与政策语境中，「accept that this is the end」常被用来向公众或党内传达改革决心，表明目前的禁令或规范（例如限制十六岁以下使用社交平台）仅是初步阶段，政府未来将推行更深入、更全面的监管。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a restrictive relative clause ('that polices and regulates the online space') modifying the noun phrase 'an active state'.
中文： 关系代名词「that」引导限定关系子句（that polices and regulates the online space），用来修饰先行词名词片语「an active state」（积极主动的国家／政府）。
We need a system that detects and prevents cyber attacks.
我们需要一个能够侦测并防范网络攻击的系统。
EN： The conjunction phrase 'so that' expresses purpose or result, meaning 'in order that'. It connects the action of regulation with its intended goal: people's safety.
中文： 连接词片语「so that」表示目的或结果，意为「以便、为了」，将监管行动与其预期目的（民众的安全）连结起来。
He locked the door so that nobody could enter.
他把门锁上，以便没有人能进去。
EN： In British political discourse, 'an active state' refers to a governance philosophy where the central government intervenes directly in the economy and society to protect citizens, contrasting with 'laissez-faire' or minimal-state approaches.
中文： 在英国政治语境中，「active state」（积极作为的国家／政府）指的是一种政府主动干预经济与社会事务以保障公民福祉与安全的施政理念，与主张市场自由放任或「小政府」的理念相对立。
EN： Reported Speech with 'that'-clause: The verb 'added' introduces an indirect statement via a noun clause starting with 'that'. Because the reporting verb is in the past tense ('added'), the modal verb 'will' shifts back in tense to 'would' (future-in-the-past).
中文： that 引导的名词子句（间接引语）：主要动词「added」（补充说）是过去式，因此其引导的宾语子句中，原本表示未来的「will」配合时态后退为「would」（过去未来式）。
He explained that the company would launch a new project next month.
他解释说公司下个月将推出一个新专案项目。
EN： The Idiomatic Phrase 'a force for good': This expression refers to an entity, policy, or action that has a positive, constructive, or beneficial influence on society or the world.
中文： 片语「a force for good」（一股良善／积极正面的力量）：用来指称对社会或世界具有正面、有益且深远影响的人事物或政策。
Education should always be a force for good in society.
教育在社会中应当始终是一股良善的力量。
EN： In British political discourse, framing regulations as 'a force for good' is a standard rhetorical strategy. It emphasizes that state intervention in technology is intended to be benevolent and socially responsible rather than restrictive.
中文： 在英国政治语境中，将监管与政策形容为「a force for good」（良善的力量）是常见的修辞手法。此说法强调政府对科技的规范并非单纯限制自由，而是旨在守护公共利益并发挥积极正向的社会引导作用。
EN： The verb 'praise' commonly follows the pattern 'praise somebody for (doing) something', where the preposition 'for' introduces the reason or achievement being praised. The verb following 'for' must take the gerund form (-ing).
中文： 动词「praise」（赞扬）常搭配介词「for」，构成「praise someone for doing something」（因某事而称赞某人）的固定句型。介词「for」之后若接动词，必须使用动名词（V-ing）形式表示受赞扬的原因。
The principal praised the students for raising money for charity.
校长赞扬学生们为慈善机构募款。
EN： The adjective 'former' refers to someone having previously filled a particular role or status. In news reports, it often precedes an official title before a person's name (e.g., 'former prime minister [Name]').
中文： 形容词「former」意为「前任的、过去的」，常用于职衔前修饰专有名词，如「former prime minister [姓名]」（前首相……），在新闻报道中极为常见，用以标示人物先前的官方身分。
The former president attended the international summit yesterday.
前总统昨天出席了该场国际高峰会。
EN： In the UK political system, a 'Secretary of State' (commonly abbreviated to 'secretary' in titles like 'technology secretary') is a senior cabinet minister in charge of a government department. Official ministerial titles are routinely placed before personal names in British news coverage without capitalization of every word unless acting as direct formal address.
中文： 在英国政治体制中，「Secretary of State」（通常简称为「secretary」，如「technology secretary」科技大臣）是指掌管中央各部会的的内阁阁员。在英国新闻报道中，，常将这些职衔置于官员姓名前作为身份标签。
EN： The structure 'there has been + noun phrase' is the present perfect form of the existential 'there is/are'. It denotes that something has happened or come into existence over a period leading up to the present. The noun phrase (here 'a step change') functions as the notional subject.
中文： 结构「there has been + 名词短语」是存在句「there is/are」的现在完成式，表示从过去某个时间点一直延续到现在所发生的事情或出现的状况。其后的名词短语（本句中为「a step change」）在文法上为实质主语。
There has been a noticeable improvement in air quality recently.
最近空气质量有了明显的改善。
EN： The conjunction 'since' introduces a time clause indicating the starting point of an action. The clause following 'since' usually uses the simple past tense (e.g., 'became'), while the main clause typically uses the present perfect tense (e.g., 'has been').
中文： 连接词「since」引导时间副词子句，表示动作或状态的起点。接在「since」后面的子句通常使用过去简单式（如「became」），而主要子句通常使用现在完成式（如「has been」）。
He has lived in London since he graduated from university.
自从大学毕业后，他就一直住在伦敦。
EN： In British politics, 'step change' is a common idiomatic phrase meaning a significant and discontinuous jump or shift in policy or behavior, rather than a gradual incremental change. Additionally, the phrase 'approach to [noun]' is widely used in official policy statements to describe a government's strategy or methodology towards a particular issue.
中文： 在英国政治与公共政策语境中，「step change」（阶梯式改变 / 重大转折）是一个常见成语，指政策或行动方针出现显著、非渐进式的重大跃升或转向，而非慢慢调整。此外，「approach to [名词]」是政策谈话中极为常见的搭配，用以表达政府处理特定议题的策略或方法。
EN： The verb 'want' is frequently followed by an object plus a to-infinitive complement: 'want + object + to-infinitive' (e.g., 'wants [online spaces] to be...'). This construction expresses that the subject desires someone or something else to perform an action or enter a certain state.
中文： 动词「want」常接「受词 + 不定词（to + 动词原形）」作为受词补语，形成「want + 受词 + to V」的句型（例如：wants [online spaces] to be...），用来表示主词希望某人或某事物执行某动作或处于某种状态。
The teacher wants every student to participate actively in class discussions.
老师希望每位学生都能积极参与课堂讨论。
EN： Parallel adjective structures: Three adjectives ('safe', 'inclusive', 'empowering') are connected by commas and 'and' to describe the object. The adverb 'genuinely' modifies the entire set of adjectives, intensifying the sincerity and reality of these qualities.
中文： 平行形容词结构：句子使用「safe」、「inclusive」与「empowering」三个形容词并列，共同作为形容词补语；副词「genuinely」（真正地）则置于其前，用以修饰后续整组形容词特质。
The program aims to create an environment that is genuinely supportive, engaging, and rewarding.
该计划旨在创造一个真正具支持性、吸引人且有回馈价值的环环境。
EN： In UK political discourse, phrases like 'safe, inclusive, and empowering' are hallmarks of policy language around digital regulation (such as the UK Online Safety Act). They reflect a regulatory philosophy that seeks not just to prohibit harm, but to foster positive digital citizenship and equal access.
中文： 在英国的政治与政策论述中，「safe, inclusive, and empowering（安全、具包容性且赋予力量）」是数字规范（如英国《线上安全法》相关讨论）中极为常见的措辞。这反映出政府政策方针不仅着眼于禁止或防范危害，更强调创造积极正向的数字公民环境与人人平等的参与权利。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 倡议；新举措
在本文中： 限制；约束
在本文中： 管制；管理
在本文中： 先驱；倡导者
在本文中： 发誓；郑重承诺
在本文中： 有包容性的
在本文中： 使人自主的；赋予能力的
在本文中： 算法的
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
a point or step along the way toward achieving an ultimate goal
中途站；阶段性进展
to start to apply or be used (especially laws, rules, or policies)
生效；开始实施
a significant, noticeable, and often sudden change or improvement
重大转变；跳跃式的进步
a web-design technique that loads content continuously as the user scrolls down
无限滚动
an influence that produces positive results or promotes social well-being
造福社会的力量；正向力量