EN: The passive voice is used to emphasize the action or the receiver of the action rather than the doer. It is formed using 'be + past participle (V3)'. In this sentence, 'was made' is the past passive voice, showing that the phone underwent the action of being manufactured in the past.
中文: 被动语态(被动语态)用于强调动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者。其结构为“be 动词 + 过去分词 (V3)”。在本句中,“was made”是过去式被动语态,表示这支手机在过去经历了被制造的过程。
This book was written by a famous author.
这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
EN: Direct speech reports the exact words spoken by someone, enclosed in quotation marks. When the reporting verb (like 'says') comes after the quote, the subject and verb can remain in the standard order (Subject + Verb) or be inverted (Verb + Subject, e.g., 'says Hana').
中文: 直接引语(直接引语)用引号标出某人所说的原话。当引介动词(如“says”)放在引语后面时,主语和动词可以保持标准语序(主语 + 动词),也可以进行倒装(动词 + 主语,例如“says Hana”)。
"I am tired," says Leo.
「我累了,」里奥说。
EN: The Present Simple Passive Voice (am/is/are + past participle) is used to emphasize the action or the receiver of the action rather than the doer. In this sentence, 'are produced' shows that the parts undergo the action of production.
中文: 现在简单式的被动语态(am/is/are + 过去分词)用于强调动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者。在本句中,“are produced”表示零件接受“生产”这一动作。
These cars are assembled by robots.
这些汽车是由机器人组装的。
EN: Direct speech reporting clause with 'says'. When quoting someone directly, the reporting verb (e.g., 'says') can be placed after the quote. In this case, the subject 'Sarah' follows the verb 'says' for stylistic balance, which is common in written English.
中文: 使用“says”的直接引语叙述从句。在直接引用某人的话时,叙述动词(例如“says”)可以放在引号之后。在这种情况下,主语“莎拉”(Sarah)放在动词“says”之后以达到修辞上的平衡,这在书面英文中很常见。
"I love this city," says Leo.
“我爱这座城市,”里奥说。
EN: Present Simple Passive Voice: Used to describe general facts or ongoing situations where the action is more important than the doer. Formed with 'am/is/are' + past participle (V3).
中文: 现在简单式的被动语态:用于描述普遍事实或持续发生的情况,此时动作本身比执行者更重要。结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词 (V3)”。
These smartphones are designed in California.
这些智能手机是在加州设计的。
EN: Adverbial Modification with 'partly': The adverb 'partly' is used to modify the verb phrase to show that something is not completely or fully done, but only to some degree.
中文: 副词 'partly'(部分地)的修饰用法:副词 'partly' 用于修饰动词短语,表示某事并非完全或全部完成,而是在某种程度上完成。
The project was partly funded by the government.
该项目的部分资金是由政府资助的。
EN: The passive voice is used to focus on the action or the receiver of the action (the design) rather than the doer. It is formed with 'be' + past participle (was created). The agent (the doer) is introduced with the preposition 'by'.
中文: 被动语态(被动语态)用于将焦点放在动作本身或动作的接受者(the design),而非执行者。其结构为“be 动词 + 过去分词(was created)”。执行动作的人或物则由介词“by”引导。
The cake was baked by my sister.
这个蛋糕是我姐姐烤的。
EN: Direct speech reporting clause. In English, when quoting someone, we can place the reporting verb and subject (says Ryan) after the quote. In present tense, 'says' is commonly used for general reporting of statements.
中文: 直接引语的叙述从句。在英文中,引用某人的话时,我们可以将叙述动词与主语(says Ryan)放在引号之后。在现在式中,“says”常用于一般陈述句的转述。
EN: The passive voice is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than the doer. It is formed using 'be' verb + past participle (V-ed). In 'are shipped', 'are' matches the plural subject 'These goods'.
中文: 被动语态(被动语态)用于当焦点在于动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者时。其结构为“be 动词 + 过去分词 (V-ed)”。在“are shipped”中,“are”与复数主语“These goods”一致。
The letters are delivered every morning.
这些信件每天早上被投递。
EN: The preposition 'across' is used to describe movement from one side of something to the other, or to indicate that something is on the other side of a limit or stretch of water/land.
中文: 介词“across”用于描述从某物的一侧移动到另一侧,或表示某物处于水域、陆地等延伸区域的另一端,意为“跨越”或“横越”。
They swam across the river.
他们游过了那条河。
EN: Passive Voice with Modal Verbs: When using a modal verb (like 'can', 'should', 'must') in the passive voice, the structure is 'modal verb + be + past participle'. This is used to show that an action is possible, necessary, or permitted to be done to the subject.
中文: 情态动词的被动语态:当在被动语态中使用情态动词(如 'can'、'should'、'must')时,其结构为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”。这用于表示某个动作对主语而言是可能的、必要的或被允许的。
This rule can be understood easily.
这个规则可以很容易地被理解。
EN: The preposition 'into' indicating transformation: The preposition 'into' is often used after verbs of change or creation (like 'recycle', 'turn', 'change') to show the result of a transformation or transition from one state to another.
中文: 介词 'into' 表示转变:介词 'into' 常用于表示改变或创造的动词(如 'recycle'、'turn'、'change')之后,用以表示转变的结果或从一种状态过渡到另一种状态。
The ice turned into water.
冰变成了水。
EN: The Passive Voice (be + past participle) is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than who performs it. In this sentence, 'is tested' and 'is sold' are both present simple passive forms.
中文: 被动语态(be 动词 + 过去分词)用于当焦点在于动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者时。在本句中,“is tested”(被测试)和“is sold”(被售出)皆为现在简单式的被动语态结构。
The letters are delivered every morning.
这些信件每天早上都会被递送。
EN: The conjunction 'before' is used to connect two clauses, indicating that the action in the main clause happens prior to the action in the adverbial clause.
中文: 连接词“before”(在……之前)用于连接两个从句,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
Please wash your hands before you eat.
吃东西前请先洗手。
EN: The passive voice is formed with 'be + past participle' (is saved). It is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action (energy), rather than who performs the action.
中文: 被动语态由「be 动词 + 过去分词」(is saved)构成。当说话的重点在于动作本身或接受动作的对象(能源),而非执行动作的主体时,会使用此语态。
Water is conserved when we take shorter showers.
当我们缩短淋浴时间时,水资源就会被节省下来。
EN: Adverbs of manner (smartly) describe how an action is performed. They are typically formed by adding '-ly' to an adjective and usually follow the verb they modify.
中文: 方式副词(smartly)用来修饰动作进行的方式。通常是在形容词词尾加上「-ly」形成,并常置于所修饰的动词之后。
The system works efficiently to reduce waste.
该系统高效地运作以减少浪费。
EN: The phrase 'run smartly' reflects the modern trend of 'smart' technology (like smart grids, smart homes, and AI), where efficiency and automation are key to environmental sustainability.
中文: 「run smartly」(聰明地運作)反映了現代「智慧」科技(如智慧電網、智慧家居和人工智慧)的趨勢,其中高效率與自動化是實現環境永續發展的關鍵。
EN: The passive voice is used to focus on the action or the receiver of the action (the package) rather than the doer. It is formed with 'be' verb + past participle (V3). Here, 'was delivered' is in the past simple passive voice.
中文: 被动语态(被动语态)用于强调动作本身或动作的接受者(此处为包裹),而非动作的执行者。其结构为“be 动词 + 过去分词 (V3)”。在本句中,“was delivered”是过去简单式的被动语态。
The letter was written by Sarah.
这封信是莎拉写的。
EN: The preposition 'within' is used to express that something happens inside a specific limit of time, meaning 'no later than' or 'before the end of'.
中文: 介词“within”用于表示在特定时间限制之内,意思是“不迟于”或“在……结束之前”。
Please reply to the email within three days.
请在三天内回复这封电子邮件。
EN: Passive Voice with Modal Verbs (should be + past participle): This structure is used to express obligation or recommendation when the focus is on the action and its receiver, rather than the doer. 'Should' is the modal verb, followed by the base form 'be', and the past participle 'recycled'.
中文: 情态动词的被动语态(should be + 过去分词):此结构用于表示义务或建议,焦点在于动作本身及其承受者,而非执行者。“should”是情态动词,后面接原形动词“be”,再接过去分词“recycled”(回收)。
Plastic bottles should be washed before they are recycled.
塑料瓶在回收之前应该先清洗。
EN: Ellipsis in Parallel Structures (not thrown away): In English, repeated elements are often omitted to avoid redundancy. Here, 'not thrown away' is a shortened form of 'not be thrown away', sharing the modal verb 'should' from the first part of the sentence.
中文: 并列结构中的省略(not thrown away):在英文中,重复的元素通常会被省略以避免赘述。这里的“not thrown away”是“not be thrown away”的简略形式,与前半句共享情态动词“should”。
The homework must be completed, not forgotten.
作业必须完成,而不是被遗忘。
EN: In many English-speaking countries, electronic waste (e-waste) recycling is highly encouraged or mandated by local laws. The phrase 'thrown away' usually implies sending waste to a landfill, which is increasingly viewed negatively due to environmental concerns.
中文: 在許多英語系國家,電子垃圾(e-waste)回收受到高度鼓勵,甚至受到當地法律的規範。片語「thrown away」(丟棄)通常意味著將垃圾送往垃圾掩埋場,由於環保意識抬頭,這種行為越來越受到負面看待。
EN: The Present Continuous Passive (am/is/are + being + past participle) is used to describe an action that is currently in progress, emphasizing the receiver of the action rather than the doer.
中文: 现在进行时的被动语态(am/is/are + being + 过去分词)用于描述目前正在进行的动作,强调动作的承受者而非执行者。
A new bridge is being built over the river.
一座新桥正在河上建造中。
EN: The reporting verb 'says' is used in the simple present tense to quote someone's statement directly, often placed after the direct quote in written English.
中文: 说话动词「says」使用一般现在时来直接引用某人的话,在书面英语中,通常放在直接引语的后面。
"I love reading," says Leo.
“我热爱阅读,”里奥说。
EN: The Present Simple Passive Voice (am/is/are + past participle) is used to emphasize the action or the receiver of the action rather than the doer. The agent (the doer) is introduced with the preposition 'by'.
中文: 现在简单式的被动语态(am/is/are + 过去分词)用于强调动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者。动作的执行者(施动者)则由介词“by”引出。
The classroom is cleaned by the students every afternoon.
这间教室每天下午都由学生们打扫。
EN: The reporting verb 'says' is used in the present tense to report direct speech. When the quote comes first, the subject and verb can be inverted (e.g., 'says Sarah'), which is a common literary style in English storytelling.
中文: 引述动词“says”以现在式呈现,用于引述直接引语。当引述内容放在前面时,主语和动词可以倒装(例如“says Sarah”),这在英文故事叙述中是一种常见的文学风格。
EN: The Present Perfect tense ('have you ever wondered') is used with 'ever' to ask about life experiences up to the present moment. It is formed with 'have/has' + subject + 'ever' + past participle.
中文: 现在完成时(have you ever wondered)搭配「ever」(曾经)用于询问截至目前为止的人生经验。其结构为「have/has + 主语 + ever + 过去分词」。
Have you ever visited a factory in another country?
你曾经参观过其他国家的工厂吗?
EN: An indirect question ('how a simple product reaches your hands') functions as the noun clause object of the verb 'wondered'. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions use normal statement word order (subject + verb) instead of inversion.
中文: 间接问句(how a simple product reaches your hands)在此作为动词「wondered」的宾语(名词性从句)。与直接问句不同,间接问句使用陈述句语序(主语 + 动词),不需倒装。
Do you know how they make these shoes?
你知道他们是如何制作这些鞋子的吗?
EN: The Present Simple Passive Voice (am/is/are + past participle) is used to describe actions where the focus is on the action itself or the receiver of the action, rather than who performs it. It is commonly used in processes, scientific descriptions, or general facts.
中文: 一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are + 过去分词)用于描述焦点在于动作本身或动作接受者的情况,而非动作的执行者。这常用于流程、科学描述或一般事实中。
The letters are delivered every morning.
这些信件每天早上被投递。
EN: The adverb 'First' is a transition word used to sequence events or steps in a process. It is typically placed at the beginning of a sentence and followed by a comma.
中文: 副词「First」(首先)是用于为流程中的事件或步骤进行排序的过渡词。它通常放在句子的开头,后面接逗号。
First, we need to gather all the ingredients.
首先,我们需要收集所有的材料。
EN: Present Simple Passive Voice: Formed with 'am/is/are + past participle (V3)'. It is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than the doer.
中文: 现在简单式的被动语态:由“am/is/are + 过去分词 (V3)”构成。当焦点在于动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者时使用。
These cars are made in Japan.
这些汽车是在日本制造的。
EN: Adverbial of Place: Prepositional phrases like 'in large, busy factories' function as adverbials to indicate where the action takes place.
中文: 地点状语:像“in large, busy factories”这样的介词短语,在此作为副词功能,用来指示动作发生的地点。
They study in a quiet library.
他们在安静的图书馆里学习。
EN: Present Simple Passive Voice: Formed with 'am/is/are + past participle (V3)'. It is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than the doer.
中文: 一般现在时的被动语态:结构为「am/is/are + 过去分词 (V3)」。当焦点在于动作本身或接受动作的对象,而非执行者时使用。
The letters are delivered every morning.
这些信件每天早上被递送。
EN: The preposition 'by' to introduce the agent: In passive sentences, 'by' is used to show who or what performs the action.
中文: 使用介词「by」来引介执行者:在被动语态中,「by」用来表示是由谁或什么事物执行该动作。
This book was written by a famous author.
这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
EN: The Present Simple Passive Voice (am/is/are + past participle) is used to describe actions where the focus is on the action itself or the receiver of the action, rather than who performs it. In this sentence, 'is tested' and 'is shipped' are passive verbs.
中文: 现在简单式的被动语态(am/is/are + 过去分词)用于描述动作本身或动作的接受者,而非动作的执行者。在本句中,“is tested”(被测试)和“is shipped”(被运送)皆为被动语态。
The letters are delivered every morning.
这些信件每天早上都会被送达。
EN: The conjunction 'before' is used to connect two clauses, showing that the action in the main clause happens prior to the action in the subordinate clause. In time clauses, we use the present simple tense ('is shipped') to refer to future or general truths.
中文: 连接词“before”(在……之前)用于连接两个从句,表示主句的动作发生在从句之前。在时间状语从句中,我们使用现在简单式(如 'is shipped')来表示未来或普遍的事实。
Please wash your hands before you eat.
吃东西前请先洗手。
EN: In modern global logistics and manufacturing, quality control (QC) is a standard procedure. Phrases like 'carefully tested' reflect the high standards expected in consumer electronics and goods production before they are distributed worldwide.
中文: 在現代全球物流與製造業中,品質管制(QC)是一項標準程序。像「carefully tested」(仔細測試)這樣的片語,反映了消費性電子產品與商品在分銷至全球之前,所必須達到的高標準要求。
EN: The passive voice is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than the doer. It is formed using 'be + past participle (V3)'. In this sentence, 'are packed and sent' is a compound passive verb phrase where the auxiliary verb 'are' applies to both past participles.
中文: 被动语态(Passive Voice)用于当焦点在于动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者时。其结构为“be 动词 + 过去分词 (V3)”。在本句中,“are packed and sent”是一个复合被动动词短语,助动词“are”同时适用于两个过去分词。
The letters are written and posted every Monday.
这些信件在每周一被写好并寄出。
EN: The preposition 'by' is used to express the method or means of transportation (e.g., by sea, by air, by train). Note that no article (like 'the' or 'a') is used between 'by' and the mode of transport.
中文: 介词“by”可用于表示交通或运输的方式(例如:by sea 海运、by air 空运、by train 坐火车)。请注意,“by”与运输工具名称之间不使用任何冠词(如 the 或 a)。
The goods were transported by air to save time.
货物通过空运传送以节省时间。
EN: The Present Passive Voice (am/is/are + past participle) is used to emphasize the action rather than the person or thing performing the action. In this sentence, 'are stored' shows that the subject 'they' (the goods) receives the action of being stored.
中文: 现在简单式的被动语态(am/is/are + 过去分词)用于强调动作本身,而非执行动作的人或物。在本句中,“are stored”表示主语“they”(货物)接受“被存放”这个动作。
The letters are delivered every morning.
这些信件每天早上都会被递送。
EN: Adverbial clauses of time introduced by 'when' are used to show when something happens. When the 'when' clause comes at the beginning of the sentence, a comma is used to separate it from the main clause.
中文: 由“when”(当……时)引导的时间状语从句用于表示某事发生的时间。当“when”从句放在句首时,会使用逗号将其与主句隔开。
When the bell rings, the students leave the classroom.
当钟声响起时,学生们离开了教室。
EN: The Present Simple Passive (am/is/are + past participle) is used to describe actions where the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than who performs it. It is commonly used in processes and factual descriptions.
中文: 现在简单式的被动语态(am/is/are + 过去分词)用于描述动作,此时焦点在于动作本身或接受动作的对象,而非执行者。这常用于描述流程和客观事实。
The letters are delivered every morning.
信件每天早上都会被送达。
EN: The transition word 'Finally' is an adverb used to introduce the last point, step, or item in a sequence or process.
中文: 过渡词“Finally”(最后)是一个副词,用于引出序列或流程中的最后一个步骤、要点或项目。
Finally, add a pinch of salt to the soup.
最后,在汤里加入一小撮盐。
EN: The passive voice with modal verbs is formed using 'modal verb + be + past participle (V3)'. In this sentence, 'can be recycled' indicates that the subject 'many materials' is capable of receiving the action of recycling.
中文: 情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词 (V3)”。在本句中,“can be recycled”表示主语“many materials”(许多材料)能够接受“回收”这个动作。
Plastic bottles can be reused for gardening.
塑料瓶可以被重复利用于园艺。
EN: The prepositional phrase 'into new things' uses 'into' to express transformation or change of state, showing what the materials become after the recycling process.
中文: 介词短语“into new things”中的“into”用来表示转变或状态的改变,说明材料在回收过程后变成了什么。
EN: The Passive Voice (be + past participle) is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than the doer. In this sentence, 'is created' and 'are designed' are passive verbs.
中文: 被动语态(be 动词 + 过去分词)用于当焦点在于动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者时。句中,“is created”(被产生)和“are designed”(被设计)皆为被动语态。
New solutions are found when people work together.
当人们共同合作时,就会找到新的解决方案。
EN: Adverbs of manner (like 'wisely') describe how an action is performed. They are often formed by adding '-ly' to an adjective and typically modify verbs.
中文: 方式副词(如“wisely”)用来描述动作进行的方式。它们通常是在形容词词尾加上“-ly”形成,用来修饰动词。
The resources must be used carefully.
这些资源必须被谨慎地使用。
EN: Present Continuous Passive (am/is/are + being + past participle) is used to describe an action that is currently in progress, emphasizing the receiver of the action rather than the doer.
中文: 现在进行时的被动语态(am/is/are + being + 过去分词)用于描述目前正在进行的动作,强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
New houses are being built in our neighborhood.
我们社区正在建造新房子。
EN: The infinitive of purpose ('to' + base verb) is used to explain the reason or goal of an action, answering the question 'why?'.
中文: 不定式表示目的(to + 动词原形)用于解释某个动作的原因或目标,回答「为什么」的问题。
She saved money to buy a new laptop.
她存钱是为了买一台新笔记本电脑。
EN: The Present Simple Passive Voice (am/is/are + past participle) is used to focus on the action or the receiver of the action rather than the doer. In this sentence, 'our daily lives' (plural subject) is followed by 'are shaped' (passive verb) to show that lives are influenced by design.
中文: 现在简单式的被动语态(am/is/are + 过去分词)用于将焦点放在动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者。在本句中,“our daily lives”(复数主语)后面接“are shaped”(被动动词),表示生活受到设计的形塑。
Many decisions are made by the manager.
许多决定是由经理做出的。
EN: The prepositional phrase 'by + agent' is used in passive sentences to identify who or what performs the action. Here, 'by careful design' indicates that 'careful design' is the force shaping our lives.
中文: 介词短语「by + 执行者」在被动语态中用来指出是谁或什么事物执行了该动作。在这里,「by careful design」指出「精心设计」是塑造我们生活的力量。
The book was written by a famous author.
这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
EN: Passive Voice in Present Simple Questions: The structure 'How + are + subject + past participle (V3)?' is used to ask about the process or method of how something is made or done, focusing on the action rather than the doer.
中文: 现在简单式的被动语态疑问句:结构为“How + are + 主语 + 过去分词 (V3)?”,用于询问某事是如何被制造或完成的,焦点在于动作本身而非执行者。
How are these smart devices used in daily life?
这些智能设备在日常生活中是如何被使用的?
EN: Direct Speech with Reporting Verbs: When reporting what someone said directly, the spoken words are enclosed in quotation marks, and the reporting clause (e.g., 'asks Sarah') can follow. In English, the subject and verb in the reporting clause can be inverted (e.g., 'asks Sarah' instead of 'Sarah asks') for stylistic variety.
中文: 直接引语与引述动词:直接引用某人说的话时,说话内容会放在引号内,后面接着引述从句(例如“asks Sarah”)。在英文中,引述从句的主语和动词可以倒装(例如用“asks Sarah”代替“Sarah asks”)以增加句型变化。
"Where is the meeting?" asks Ryan.
“会议在哪里举行?”莱恩问。
EN: The passive voice is used to focus on the action or the object receiving the action, rather than who performs it. It is formed with 'be + past participle'. In this sentence, 'are produced' indicates a present simple passive voice.
中文: 被动语态(被动语态)用于强调动作本身或接受动作的对象,而非执行动作的主体。其结构为“be 动词 + 过去分词(p.p.)”。在本句中,“are produced”表示现在简单式的被动语态。
These cars are manufactured in Germany.
这些汽车是在德国制造的。
EN: The word 'overseas' can function as an adverb meaning 'in or to a foreign country, especially across the sea'. When used as an adverb, it directly modifies the verb phrase 'produced in a factory' without needing a preposition before it.
中文: “overseas”可作为副词使用,意思是“在海外、去国外(尤指跨越海洋)”。当它作为副词时,直接修饰动词短语“produced in a factory”,前面不需要加上介词。
Many companies choose to expand their business overseas.
许多公司选择将业务扩展到海外。
EN: Passive Voice in Questions (Past Simple): To ask a question in the passive voice about a past action, we use the auxiliary verb 'Was' or 'Were' followed by the subject and the past participle of the main verb (Was/Were + Subject + Past Participle).
中文: 过去简单式的被动语态疑问句:要针对过去发生的被动动作进行提问,我们会使用助动词“Was”或“Were”,后接主语和主要动词的过去分词(Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词)。
Was the letter sent yesterday?
那封信是昨天寄出的吗?
EN: Prepositional Phrase 'on time': This phrase functions as an adverb meaning 'at the planned or expected time' (punctual). It is different from 'in time', which means 'early enough' before a deadline or danger.
中文: 介词短语“on time”:此短语作为副词使用,意思是“准时”(在计划或预期的时间)。它与“in time”(及时,指在截止时间或危险发生前够早的时间)不同。
The train arrived on time.
火车准时到达了。
EN: The passive voice in the past simple tense is formed using 'was/were' + past participle (V3). It is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action (the package 'it'), rather than who performed the action.
中文: 一般过去时的被动语态由「was/were + 过去分词 (V3)」构成。当说话者的焦点在于动作本身或接受动作的对象(此处指包裹「it」),而非执行动作的人时,会使用此句型。
The letter was written yesterday.
那封信是昨天写的。
EN: The preposition 'within' is used to indicate that something happens inside a specific limit of time, meaning 'before the end of' that period.
中文: 介词「within」用于表示某事在特定时间限制之内发生,意即在该段时间「结束之前」。
Please reply to this email within three days.
请在三天内回复这封电子邮件。
EN: Passive Voice with Modal Verbs: When using modal verbs (like 'can', 'should', 'must') in the passive voice, the structure is 'modal verb + be + past participle (V3)'. In questions, the modal verb is placed before the subject.
中文: 情态动词的被动语态:当在被动语态中使用情态动词(如 'can'、'should'、'must')时,结构为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词 (V3)”。在疑问句中,情态动词会移至主语之前。
Can this problem be solved quickly?
这个问题可以被快速解决吗?
EN: Direct Speech with Reporting Verbs: In English, when reporting what someone said directly, the spoken words are placed in quotation marks, followed by a reporting verb (like 'asks' or 'says') and the speaker. In present tense narrative, 'asks' is used for questions.
中文: 直接引语与引述动词:在英文中,直接引用某人说的话时,会将说话内容放在引号内,后面接引述动词(如 'asks' 或 'says')和说话者。在现在时态的叙述中,'asks' 用于提问。
EN: The passive voice in the present simple tense is formed using 'am/is/are' + past participle (V3). It is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than the doer. In this sentence, 'is turned' shows that the subject 'it' (the paper) undergoes the action of being transformed.
中文: 一般现在时的被动语态结构为「am/is/are + 过去分词 (V3)」。当焦点在于动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者时,会使用此句型。在本句中,「is turned」表示主语「it」(纸张)接受了被转换的动作。
The trash is collected every morning.
垃圾每天早上都会被收集。
EN: The phrasal verb 'turn into' means to change or transform something into something else. In the passive voice, 'be turned into' means to be transformed or converted into another form or object.
中文: 短语动词「turn into」意为将某物改变或转换成另一种事物。在被动语态中,「be turned into」表示被转换或改造为另一种形式或物品。
The old factory was turned into a modern art museum.
这座旧工厂被改建成了现代美术馆。
EN: The Passive Voice (be + past participle) is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than who performs it. In 'are tested', 'are' is the auxiliary verb matching the plural subject 'These toys', and 'tested' is the past participle of 'test'.
中文: 被动语态(be 动词 + 过去分词)用于当焦点在于动作本身或动作的接受者,而非动作的执行者时。在 'are tested' 中,'are' 是配合复数主语 'These toys' 的助动词,而 'tested' 是 'test' 的过去分词。
These letters are delivered every morning.
这些信件每天早上都会被递送。
EN: The preposition 'for' is used here to indicate purpose or the reason for an action. 'Tested for safety' means the testing is conducted for the purpose of ensuring safety.
中文: 介词 'for' 在此处用于表示目的或动作的原因。'Tested for safety' 表示进行测试的目的旨在确保安全。
The water was tested for chemicals.
这水进行了化学物质检测。
EN: Present Continuous Passive (am/is/are + being + past participle) is used to describe an action that is currently in progress, focusing on the receiver of the action rather than the doer.
中文: 现在进行时的被动语态(am/is/are + being + 过去分词)用于描述目前正在进行的动作,其焦点在于动作的接受者而非执行者。
The house is being painted this week.
这栋房子这周正在被粉刷。
EN: Comparative adjectives (e.g., 'greener') are used to compare differences between the two objects they modify. Here, 'greener' means more environmentally friendly than before.
中文: 比较级形容词(例如“greener”)用于比较其修饰的两个事物之间的差异。在此处,“greener”指的是比以前更环保。
We need to find a cleaner source of energy.
我们需要寻找更干净的能源。
EN: In English news and narratives, when reporting direct speech, it is very common to invert the subject and verb (e.g., 'says Ryan' instead of 'Ryan says'), especially when the subject is a proper noun. This adds a literary or journalistic rhythm to the sentence.
中文: 在英文的新聞報導或故事敘述中,引用直接引語時,非常流行將主詞與動詞倒裝(例如用「says Ryan」代替「Ryan says」),特別是在主詞為專有名詞的時候。這能為句子增添一種文學或新聞報導特有的節奏感。
EN: The passive voice (be + past participle) is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of the action, rather than the doer. In this sentence, 'is saved' is the present simple passive, showing a general fact. The doer of the action is introduced by the preposition 'by'.
中文: 被动语态(be 动词 + 过去分词)用于当焦点放在动作本身或动作的接受者,而非执行者时。在本句中,「is saved」是一般现在时的被动语态,表示一个普遍事实。动作的执行者则由介词「by」引导。
The classroom is cleaned by the students every afternoon.
教室每天下午都由学生们打扫。
EN: Direct speech reporting clause. In English, when quoting someone, the reporting verb (e.g., 'says') can be placed after the quote. If the subject is a noun (like 'Hana'), the subject and verb can be inverted ('says Hana'), which is common in written stories or news.
中文: 直接引语的引述从句。在英语中,引用某人的话时,引述动词(例如「says」)可以放在引文之后。如果主语是专有名词(如「Hana」),主语和动词可以倒装(变成「says Hana」),这在书面故事或报道中非常常见。
"I am ready," says Leo.
「我准备好了,」里奥说。
EN: The passive voice is used to show that the subject is the recipient of the action. It is formed with 'be + past participle' (is shaped). The doer of the action is introduced by the preposition 'by'.
中文: 被动语态(被动语态)用于表示主语是动作的接受者。其结构为“be 动词 + 过去分词”(is shaped)。执行动作的人或物则由介词“by”引出。
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.
这间教室每天都由学生们打扫。
EN: The reporting verb 'says' is used to report direct speech. In English, when the direct quote comes first, the subject and the reporting verb can be inverted (e.g., 'says Leo'), especially when the subject is a noun rather than a pronoun.
中文: 引述动词“says”用于引述直接引语。在英文中,当直接引语放在前面时,主语和引述动词可以倒序(例如“says Leo”),特别是当主语是名词而非代词时。
"I am tired," says John.
“我累了,”约翰说。
EN: The quote reflects a core philosophy in modern design (such as User-Centered Design or Design Thinking), which emphasizes that products should be created based on solving actual human problems rather than just aesthetic appeal or technological capability.
中文: 這句話反映了現代設計(如「以用戶為中心的設計」或「設計思考」)的核心哲學,強調產品的創造應該基於解決人類的實際問題,而不僅僅是追求美觀或技術能力。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中: 制造、生产(商品或零件)
在本文中: 回收利用,将废弃物转化为新材料或产品
在本文中: 运送、递送(货物或包裹)
在本文中: 材料、原料
在本文中: 塑造、决定(事物发展的样貌或形式)
在本文中: 未经加工的、处于自然状态的
在本文中: 组装、装配(零件以制成成品)
在本文中: 仓库、货栈
在本文中: 在海外、在国外
在本文中: 聪明地、高效地(指机器或系统运作)
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To discard something that is no longer wanted or needed.
扔掉、丢弃
Basic substances in their natural state used to manufacture finished goods.
原材料、原料
At the expected or planned time; punctual.
准时、按时