EN: Subject Relative Clause: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause that modifies the noun 'scientists'. In this clause, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'stop'.
中文: 主语关系从句:关系代词「who」用于引导修饰名词「scientists」(科学家)的关系从句。在此从句中,「who」担任动词「stop」的主语。
I know a teacher who speaks five languages.
我认识一位会说五种语言的老师。
EN: Gerund after 'stop': The verb 'stop' is followed by a gerund (V-ing) when it means to cease or discontinue an action (e.g., 'stop asking'). If followed by an infinitive (to V), it means to pause one action in order to do another.
中文: 动词 'stop' 后接动名词:当 'stop' 表示“停止、中止”某个动作时,后面须接动名词(V-ing,例如 'stop asking')。若后面接不定式(to V),则表示“停下手中的事去执行另一个动作”。
She stopped watching TV and started reading.
她停止看电视,开始看书。
EN: The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces a possessive adjective (like 'his', 'her', 'their') and connects a relative clause to a noun (the antecedent). In this sentence, 'whose work' means 'Edison's work' or 'the inventor's work'.
中文: 关系代词「whose」用于表示所有格(……的)。它取代了所有格形容词(如 his、her、their),并将关系从句连接到先行词(名词)。在本句中,「whose work」代表“爱迪生的工作”或“该发明家的工作”。
She is the teacher whose lessons inspired me.
她就是那位课程启发了我(的人)的老师。
EN: The Simple Past Tense ('was', 'changed') is used to describe completed actions or states in the past. Since Edison's life and his impact on the world are historical events, the past tense is used.
中文: 一般过去时(如「was」、「changed」)用于描述过去已经完成的动作或状态。由于爱迪生的一生及其对世界的影响属于历史事件,因此使用过去时。
EN: Thomas Edison is one of the most famous American inventors, credited with developing the light bulb, phonograph, and motion picture camera. In English-speaking cultures, he is often cited as a symbol of hard work and persistence.
中文: 湯瑪斯·愛迪生(Thomas Edison)是美國最著名的發明家之一,他發明了電燈泡、留聲機和電影攝影機。在英語系國家中,他經常被視為勤奮與堅持不懈的象徵。
EN: The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a non-human noun (in this case, 'the app'). Here, 'which' acts as the subject of the relative clause 'which helps me learn coding'.
中文: 关系代词“which”用于引导修饰非人物(在此指“the app”应用程序)的关系从句(形容词从句)。在此句中,“which”在关系从句“which helps me learn coding”中担任主语的角色。
This is the book which inspired me to become a scientist.
这就是那本启发我成为科学家的书。
EN: The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'helps me learn' uses the bare infinitive 'learn'. Both 'helps me learn' and 'helps me to learn' are grammatically correct.
中文: 动词“help”(帮助)后面接宾语(受词)后,可以使用不带 to 的不定式(原形动词)或带 to 的不定式。在本句中,“helps me learn”使用的是原形动词“learn”。无论是“helps me learn”还是“helps me to learn”在语法上都是正确的。
She helps her brother do his homework.
她帮助她弟弟做作业。
EN: Subject Relative Clauses: The relative pronoun 'who' is used as the subject of the relative clause 'who saves lives' to describe the preceding noun 'A doctor' (the antecedent). Since 'A doctor' is singular, the verb in the relative clause 'saves' must also be singular.
中文: 主格关系从句:关系代词“who”在关系从句“who saves lives”中担任主语,用来修饰先行词“A doctor”(医生)。因为“A doctor”是单数,所以关系从句中的动词“saves”也必须使用单数动词。
The teacher who inspires me is Mr. Smith.
启发我的那位老师是史密斯先生。
EN: Subject-Verb Agreement with Intervening Clauses: When a relative clause separates the subject ('A doctor') from the main verb ('has'), the main verb must still agree with the singular subject, not the plural noun ('lives') inside the clause.
中文: 主语与动词的一致性(受插入从句影响):当关系从句将主语“A doctor”与主要动词“has”隔开时,主要动词仍必须与单数主语保持一致,而不能受到从句中复数名词“lives”的影响。
A book that contains many pictures is on the table.
一本包含许多图片的书在桌子上。
EN: The past simple tense of the irregular verb 'read' is spelled the same ('read') but pronounced as /rɛd/ (like the color 'red'). It is used here to describe a completed action in the past.
中文: 不规则动词「read」(阅读)的过去式拼写相同(read),但发音为 /rɛd/(与颜色「red」相同)。此处用于描述过去已完成的动作。
I read an interesting article yesterday.
我昨天读了一篇有趣的报道。
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person ('a woman'). In this clause, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'built'.
中文: 关系代词「who」用于引导关系从句(形容词从句),用来修饰前方的人(a woman)。在此从句中,「who」担任动词「built」的主语。
The boy who won the race is my brother.
赢得比赛的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a defining relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person. In this sentence, 'who designed this bridge' modifies the subject 'The engineer'.
中文: 关系代词“who”用于引导限定性关系从句(形容词从句)。在本句中,“who designed this bridge”修饰主语“The engineer”(工程师)。
The doctor who treated my grandmother was very professional.
治疗我祖母的那位医生非常专业。
EN: Subject-Verb Agreement with intervening clauses. When a relative clause separates the subject from the main verb, the verb must still agree with the main subject. Here, the singular subject 'The engineer' takes the singular verb 'is'.
中文: 主语与动词的一致性(受中间从句干扰时)。当关系从句将主语与主要动词隔开时,动词仍须与主要主语保持一致。在此处,单数主语“The engineer”搭配单数动词“is”。
The students who study hard get good grades.
努力学习的学生们会取得好成绩。
EN: The relative pronoun 'that' introduces an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies the noun 'career'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the subject, followed by the verb 'lets'.
中文: 关系代词“that”引导一个形容词从句(关系从句)来修饰名词“career”(职业)。在此从句中,“that”充当主语,后面接动词“lets”。
I want a phone that has a good camera.
我想要一支有优质相机的手机。
EN: The causative verb 'let' is followed by an object and then the base form of the verb (bare infinitive). The structure is: 'let + someone + do something'.
中文: 使役动词“let”(让)后面接受词,再接动词原形(不带 to 的不定式)。其结构为:“let + 某人 + 做某事”。
My parents let me make my own decisions.
我的父母让我自己做决定。
EN: In Western culture, expressing a desire for a career that 'helps others' or 'makes a difference' is highly valued and common in job interviews and personal statements, reflecting a strong emphasis on individual purpose and social contribution.
中文: 在西方文化中,表達渴望從事「幫助他人」或「帶來改變」的職業是非常受到肯定且常見的(例如在求職面試或個人陳述中),這反映出人們對於個人生命意義與社會貢獻的重視。
EN: The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces a possessive adjective (like 'her', 'his', 'their') and connects a relative clause to the noun it describes (the antecedent). In this sentence, 'whose lessons' means 'her lessons'.
中文: 关系代词「whose」用来表示所有格(……的)。它取代了所有格形容词(如 her、his、their),并将关系从句连接到它所修饰的名词(先行词)。在本句中,「whose lessons」代表“她的课程”。
He is the writer whose books are famous worldwide.
他就是那位作品闻名全世界的作家。
EN: The past simple tense of the verb 'inspire' is 'inspired'. It is used here to describe a completed action in the past that had a lasting impact on the speaker.
中文: 动词「inspire」(启发/鼓舞)的一般过去时为「inspired」。此处用来描述过去已经完成、且对说话者产生深远影响的动作。
Her speech inspired many young people to study science.
她的演讲启发了许多年轻人去学习科学。
EN: The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a defining relative clause ('that scientists use to see stars') which modifies the noun 'tool'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the direct object of the verb 'use' (scientists use the tool). When the relative pronoun is the object of the relative clause, it can optionally be omitted.
中文: 关系代词“that”引导一个限定性关系从句(that scientists use to see stars),用来修饰先行词名词“tool”(工具)。在此从句中,“that”担任动词“use”的直接宾语(科学家使用该工具)。当关系代词在关系从句中担任宾语时,在口语中常可省略。
This is the book that I bought yesterday.
这就是我昨天买的那本书。
EN: The infinitive phrase 'to see stars' uses 'to' followed by the base form of the verb ('see') to express purpose, meaning 'in order to see stars'.
中文: 不定式短语“to see stars”使用“to”加上动词原形(see)来表示目的,意思是“为了要观察星星”。
She uses a computer to write stories.
她用电脑来写故事。
EN: Subject Relative Clauses (Adjective Clauses): The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a clause that describes the subject 'People'. In this structure, 'who' acts as the subject of the relative clause ('who solve problems').
中文: 主格关系从句(形容词从句):关系代词“who”用来引导一个修饰主语“People”(人们)的从句。在此结构中,“who”在关系从句中担任主语的角色(who solve problems 解决问题)。
Students who study hard usually get good grades.
努力学习的学生通常会取得好成绩。
EN: Subject-Verb Agreement with Relative Pronouns: When the relative pronoun 'who' refers to a plural noun ('People'), the verb inside the relative clause ('solve') and the main verb of the sentence ('shape') must also be in the plural form.
中文: 关系代词的主语与动词一致性:当关系代词“who”代替复数名词“People”时,关系从句中的动词(solve)以及主要句子的动词(shape)都必须使用复数动词形式(不加 -s)。
The teachers who guide us are very patient.
引导我们的老师们都非常耐心。
EN: This sentence reflects a common Western cultural value that emphasizes individual agency, problem-solving, and proactive innovation as key drivers of societal progress.
中文: 這句話反映了西方文化中常見的價值觀,強調個人能動性、解決問題的能力以及積極創新是推動社會進步的關鍵力量。
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person. In this sentence, 'who cared for me' describes 'The nurse', which is the subject of the main sentence.
中文: 关系代词“who”用于引导关系从句(形容词从句)来修饰人。在本句中,“who cared for me”(照顾我的)用来修饰主句的主语“The nurse”(护士)。
The teacher who helped me with my homework is very patient.
帮助我写作业的那位老师非常专心。
EN: The phrasal verb 'care for' means to look after someone, especially someone who is sick, young, or old. It is used here in the past tense ('cared for').
中文: 短语动词“care for”意思是照顾、照料,特别是指照顾生病、年幼或年长的人。在这里使用的是过去式“cared for”。
She cared for her elderly grandmother for many years.
她照顾她年迈的祖母很多年。
EN: Subject Relative Clause: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause that modifies the plural noun 'leaders'. In this clause, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'think'.
中文: 主格关系从句:关系代词“who”用于引导修饰复数名词“leaders”(领导者)的关系从句。在此从句中,“who”担任动词“think”的主语。
I like teachers who make learning fun.
我喜欢让学习变得有趣的老师。
EN: Prepositional Phrase with 'about': The verb 'think' is followed by the preposition 'about' to indicate the subject or topic of one's thoughts.
中文: 介词短语“about”的用法:动词“think”后面接介词“about”,用来表示思考的主题或内容。
She is thinking about her career choices.
她正在思考她的职业选择。
EN: Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle) is used here with the adverb 'always' to describe an action or state that started in the past and continues to the present moment.
中文: 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词)在此与副词「always」(总是/一直)连用,用来描述一个从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。
I have always loved painting since I was a child.
我从小就一直很喜欢画画。
EN: Relative Clause with 'who': The relative pronoun 'who' introduces a defining relative clause ('who use science to help others') that modifies the plural noun 'people', acting as the subject of the relative clause.
中文: 关系代词「who」引导的关系从句:关系代词「who」在此引导一个限定修饰复数名词「people」的关系从句(who use science to help others),并在该从句中担任主语。
EN: Subject-Verb Agreement with Singular Nouns: When the subject of a sentence is a singular noun (e.g., 'My role model'), the linking verb must also be singular ('is'). Similarly, in the relative clause 'who works...', the relative pronoun 'who' refers to the singular noun 'a doctor', so the verb 'works' takes the singular '-s' ending.
中文: 单数名词的主语与动词一致性:当句子的主语是单数名词(例如“My role model”)时,系动词也必须使用单数形式(“is”)。同样地,在关系从句“who works...”中,关系代词“who”代表单数名词“a doctor”,因此动词“works”必须加上单数动词词尾“-s”。
My favorite teacher is a mentor who guides me.
我最喜欢的老师是一位引导我的导师。
EN: Relative Clauses with 'Who': A relative clause (adjective clause) is used to modify a noun. When modifying a person (e.g., 'a doctor') and acting as the subject of the relative clause, we use the relative pronoun 'who'. This helps combine two ideas into one smooth sentence.
中文: 使用“Who”的关系从句:关系从句(形容词从句)用于修饰名词。当修饰对象是人(例如“a doctor”)且在关系从句中担任主语时,我们使用关系代词“who”。这有助于将两个想法合并为一个流畅的句子。
I know a chef who makes delicious pasta.
我认识一位会做美味意大利面的厨师。
EN: The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces possessive adjectives (like 'her', 'his', 'their') and introduces a relative clause that describes the noun before it (the antecedent). In this sentence, 'whose patience' means 'her patience'.
中文: 关系代词「whose」用于表示所有格(……的)。它取代了所有格形容词(如 her、his、their),并引导一个关系从句来修饰前面的名词(先行词)。在本句中,「whose patience」意为“她的耐心”。
He is a writer whose books are read by millions.
他是一位作品拥有数百万读者的作家。
EN: The adverbial phrase 'every single day' is an emphatic form of 'every day'. Adding 'single' emphasizes that the action happens without exception, highlighting the consistency and dedication of the subject.
中文: 副词短语「every single day」是「every day」(每天)的强调形式。加入「single」用以强调该动作毫无例外地每天发生,突显出主语的持之以恒与奉献精神。
She practices the piano every single day.
她每一天都练习钢琴,一天也不间断。
EN: The phrase 'As a child' is a prepositional phrase used as a time modifier, meaning 'when I was a child'. It is a concise way to establish the background or time period of an action.
中文: 「As a child」是一个介词短语,用作时间修饰语,意思是“当我还是个孩子的时候”。这是一种简洁交代动作背景或时间点的表达方式。
As a student, she worked part-time at a library.
当学生时,她在图书馆兼职工作。
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' introduces a defining relative clause ('who never gave up') to modify the plural noun 'inventors'. It acts as the subject of the relative clause.
中文: 关系代词「who」引导限定性关系从句(who never gave up),用来修饰复数名词「inventors」(发明家)。「who」在关系从句中担任主语的角色。
I admire people who always tell the truth.
我欣赏那些总是说实话的人。
EN: The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces a possessive adjective (like 'his', 'her', 'their') and connects a relative clause to a noun (the antecedent). In this sentence, 'whose' refers to 'an engineer' and shows that the 'bridges' belong to or were built by that engineer.
中文: 关系代词「whose」用于表示所有格关系(意为“……的”)。它用来代替所有格形容词(如 his, her, their),并将关系从句连接到先行词(名词)。在本句中,「whose」指代「an engineer」(一位工程师),表示「bridges」(桥梁)是属于该工程师或由其所建造的。
She is the teacher whose lessons inspired me.
她就是那位课程启发了我(的人)的老师。
EN: The word 'one' is used as a pronoun to refer back to a singular noun mentioned in the previous context (in this case, 'inventors' or 'role models'). It helps avoid repetition.
中文: 代词「one」在此用作代词,用来指代前文中提到过的单数名词(在此情境中指「发明家」或「榜样」之一),以避免词语重复。
I read about many inventors. One was from Italy.
我读过许多发明家的故事。其中一位来自意大利。
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person or people (in this case, 'scientists'). The relative clause 'who study the deep oceans' acts as an adjective modifying the noun 'scientists'.
中文: 关系代词「who」用于引导关系从句(形容词从句),用来修饰前方的人(在此句中为「scientists」)。关系从句「who study the deep oceans」起形容词作用,修饰名词「scientists」。
I know a teacher who speaks five languages.
我认识一位会说五种语言的老师。
EN: The existential sentence pattern 'There are...' is used to state the existence of plural nouns. 'Also' is an adverb placed after the verb 'are' to mean 'in addition'.
中文: 存在句型「There are...」用于表示复数名词的存在。副词「also」置于动词「are」之后,表示“也有”或“此外”。
There are also many students in the library.
图书馆里也有很多学生。
EN: Defining Relative Clauses with 'that': A relative clause is used to define or identify which noun we are talking about. In this sentence, 'that they ask' is a relative clause modifying the noun 'questions'. Since 'questions' is a thing (not a person) and acts as the object of the verb 'ask', 'that' (or 'which') is used as the relative pronoun.
中文: 限定性关系从句与关系代词“that”:关系从句用于限定或明确指出我们所讨论的名词。在本句中,“that they ask”是一个关系从句,用来修饰名词“questions”(问题)。因为“questions”是事物(非人)且在从句中担任动词“ask”的宾语,所以使用关系代词“that”(亦可用“which”)。
The book that I read yesterday was very interesting.
我昨天读的那本书非常有趣。
EN: Subject-Verb Agreement with Intervening Clauses: When a relative clause or other modifier comes between the subject and the verb, the verb must still agree with the main subject. Here, the plural subject 'questions' takes the plural verb 'lead', not the singular 'leads', despite the singular pronoun 'they' inside the relative clause.
中文: 主语与动词的一致性(夹带修饰从句):当关系从句或其他修饰语夹在主语与主要动词之间时,主要动词仍必须与主语保持单复数一致。在此句中,复数主语“questions”对应复数动词“lead”,而非单数的“leads”,尽管关系从句内部有代词“they”。
The ideas that she suggested sound great.
她所建议的那些想法听起来很棒。
EN: The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a defining relative clause ('that combines curiosity and kindness') to modify the noun 'career'. Since 'career' is a singular noun, the verb in the relative clause ('combines') must also be singular.
中文: 关系代词“that”引导限制性关系从句(that combines curiosity and kindness)来修饰先行词“career”(职业)。因为“career”是单数名词,所以关系从句中的动词“combines”也必须使用单数动词形式。
I want a job that offers flexible hours.
我想要一份提供弹性工时的工作。
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used to connect two nouns of equal grammatical rank: 'curiosity' and 'kindness'. Both are abstract nouns representing desirable qualities.
中文: 并列连词“and”用于连接两个语法地位平等的名词:“curiosity”(好奇心)与“kindness”(同理心/善良)。两者皆为表示优秀特质的抽象名词。
She values honesty and hard work.
她重视诚实与努力。
EN: Defining Relative Clauses (Adjective Clauses): The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a clause that describes the subject 'People'. This clause ('who follow their passion') is essential to identify which people we are talking about.
中文: 限定性关系从句(形容词从句):关系代词“who”用于引导一个修饰主语“People”的从句。这个从句(who follow their passion)对于明确指出我们所讨论的是“哪些人”至关重要。
Students who study hard usually get good grades.
努力学习的学生通常会取得好成绩。
EN: Adverbs of Frequency: The adverb 'often' indicates how frequently an action occurs. It is typically placed before the main verb ('change') but after the auxiliary verb or verb 'to be'.
中文: 频率副词:副词“often”(经常、往往)表示动作发生的频率。它通常放在实义动词(如本句的 change)之前,但放在助动词或 be 动词之后。
She often visits the library on weekends.
她周末经常去图书馆。
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a defining relative clause (adjective clause) that describes the subject 'The teachers'. In this clause, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'guide'.
中文: 关系代词“who”用于引导限定性关系从句(形容词从句),用来修饰主语“The teachers”(老师们)。在此从句中,“who”担任动词“guide”的主语。
The students who study hard will pass the exam.
努力学习的学生将会通过考试。
EN: The main subject of the sentence is 'The teachers' (plural), which agrees with the plural main verb 'plant'. The relative clause 'who guide us' sits between the subject and the verb, but does not change the subject-verb agreement.
中文: 本句的主语是复数名词“The teachers”,因此与其搭配的主要动词必须是复数动词“plant”。关系从句“who guide us”虽然介于主语与动词之间,但并不影响主语与动词的一致性。
The books that are on the table belong to me.
桌上的那些书是我的。
EN: The metaphor 'planting seeds' is widely used in English to describe the act of inspiring, teaching, or starting something that will grow and develop into something great in the future. It highlights the long-term, nurturing impact of educators.
中文: 「播下種子」(planting seeds)在英文中是一個常見的比喻,用來形容啟發、教學或開啟某種會在未來開花結果的事物。這強調了教育工作者對學生深遠且具滋養性的影響。
EN: The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a relative clause ('that helps others') that describes the subject 'A job'. Since 'that' acts as the subject of the relative clause, it is a subject relative pronoun and cannot be omitted.
中文: 关系代词“that”引导关系从句(形容词从句)“that helps others”,用来修饰主语“A job”。在此从句中,“that”代替先行词并担任主语,因此称为主格关系代词,不可省略。
I want a career that combines curiosity and kindness.
我想要一份结合好奇心与善良的职业。
EN: The verb 'give' is a ditransitive verb, which takes two objects: an indirect object (the recipient, 'life') and a direct object (the thing given, 'real meaning'). The pattern is: give + indirect object + direct object.
中文: 动词“give”(给予)是双宾动词(授与动词),后面接两个宾语:间接宾语(接受者“life”)与直接宾语(给予的事物“real meaning”)。句型结构为:give + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。
She gives her students great encouragement.
她给予她的学生们极大的鼓励。
EN: The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces a possessive adjective (like 'his', 'her', 'their') and introduces a relative clause that describes the noun before it.
中文: 关系代词“whose”用于表示所有格(某人的...)。它取代了所有格形容词(如 his, her, their),并引导一个关系从句来修饰前面的人或事物。
She is the teacher whose lessons inspired me.
她就是那位课程启发了我(的人)的老师。
EN: The idiom 'make a difference' means to have a significant effect on a person or situation, usually in a positive way.
中文: 短语“make a difference”意思是对人或处境产生重大影响,通常是指带来积极、正面的改变或贡献。
Every small donation can make a difference.
每一次微小的捐款都能带来改变。
EN: In Western culture, especially in career and educational contexts, 'making a difference' is highly valued. It reflects an individualistic yet socially responsible mindset where personal success is often measured by one's positive impact on society or others' lives.
中文: 在西方文化中,特別是在職業與教育背景下,「帶來改變(making a difference)」被視為極高的價值。這反映了一種既強調個人價值又具備社會責任感的思維,人們常以對社會或他人生活產生的積極影響來衡量個人的成功。
EN: When 'who' acts as the subject of a question, it asks about the person performing the action. In this structure, we do not use auxiliary verbs like 'do', 'does', or 'did'. The verb directly follows 'who' and is typically conjugated in the third-person singular form.
中文: 当疑问词“who(谁)”在问句中担任主语时,用来询问做出该动作的人。在这种结构中,不需要使用助动词(如 do, does, did)。动词直接接在“who”后面,且通常使用第三人称单数动词变化。
Who wants to join the science club?
谁想加入科学社团?
EN: Possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, its, our, their) are used before nouns to show ownership or relationship. In this sentence, 'your' modifies the noun phrase 'future career' to indicate whom the career belongs to.
中文: 所有格形容词(如 my, your, his, her 等)放在名词前面,用来表示所有权或关系。在本句中,「your(你的)」修饰名词短语「future career(未来的职业生涯)」,以指出该职业生涯属于谁。
I really like your new design.
我真的很喜欢你的新设计。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, asking about role models and career inspirations is a common way to build rapport and encourage young people to think about their future goals. Addressing someone directly by their first name (like 'Emma') at the end of a question adds a warm, personal touch to the conversation.
中文: 在英語系國家中,詢問榜樣或職業啟發是建立關係、鼓勵年輕人思考未來目標的常見方式。在問句結尾直接稱呼對方的名字(如「艾瑪」),能為對話增添溫暖且親切的個人色彩。
EN: The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces a possessive adjective (like 'his', 'her', 'their') and connects a relative clause to the noun it modifies (the antecedent). In this sentence, 'whose research' means 'the research of the scientist'.
中文: 关系代词“whose”用来表示所有格关系。它取代了所有格形容词(如 his、her、their),并将关系从句连接到它所修饰的名词(先行词)。在本句中,“whose research”代表“该科学家的研究”。
She is the teacher whose lessons inspired me.
她就是那位课程启发了我(的人)的老师。
EN: The subject of this sentence is 'A scientist whose research saves forests' (singular), which requires the singular verb 'inspires' to maintain subject-verb agreement.
中文: 本句的主语是“A scientist whose research saves forests”(单数),因此需要搭配单数动词“inspires”以保持主语与动词的一致性。
The nurse who cared for me was so kind.
照顾我的那位护士非常亲切。
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person or people (in this case, 'engineers'). It acts as the subject of the verb in the relative clause.
中文: 关系代词“who”用于引导关系从句(形容词从句),用来修饰前方的人(在此句中为“engineers”)。它在关系从句中担任主语的角色。
I like teachers who make learning fun.
我喜欢让学习变得有趣的老师。
EN: Comparative adjectives (like 'safer', the comparative form of 'safe') are used to compare two things, showing that one has more of a quality than the other. Here, it implies cities that are safer than they currently are.
中文: 比较级形容词(如“safer”,为“safe”的比较级)用于比较两者,表示其中一方具有较多某种特质。在此处暗示着比目前更安全的城市。
We want to live in a cleaner environment.
我们想要生活在一个更干净的环境中。
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a defining relative clause that describes a person (in this case, 'the vet'). The relative clause 'who healed my dog' acts like an adjective to specify which vet we are talking about.
中文: 关系代词“who”用于引导限定性关系从句,修饰人(在此句中指“the vet”)。关系从句“who healed my dog”起形容词作用,用来明确指出我们所指的是哪一位兽医。
The teacher who helped me with my homework is very kind.
帮助我写作业的那位老师非常亲切。
EN: The main subject of the sentence is 'The vet', and the main verb is 'is'. The relative clause 'who healed my dog' is embedded inside the subject noun phrase, so the verb 'is' must agree with the singular subject 'The vet'.
中文: 本句的主语是“The vet”(兽医),主要动词是“is”(是)。关系从句“who healed my dog”嵌入在主语名词短语中,因此动词“is”必须与单数主语“The vet”保持单复数一致。
The books that are on the table belong to me.
桌上的那些书是我的。
EN: In English-speaking cultures, pets are often considered full members of the family. Consequently, veterinarians (vets) are highly respected professionals, and saving a pet's life is frequently viewed as a heroic act, similar to saving a human life.
中文: 在英語系國家的文化中,寵物通常被視為家庭的正式成員。因此,獸醫(vet)是非常受人尊敬的專業人士,而救活寵物的生命往往被視為英雄般的舉動,重要性不亞於拯救人類的生命。
EN: The relative pronoun 'that' is used here to introduce a defining relative clause ('that let me solve real problems') which modifies the plural noun 'jobs'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the subject, followed by the plural verb 'let'.
中文: 关系代词“that”在此处用于引导限定性关系从句(“that let me solve real problems”),用来修饰复数名词“jobs”。在这个从句中,“that”充当主语,后面接复数动词“let”。
I prefer tools that make my work easier.
我更喜欢能让我工作更轻松的工具。
EN: The causative verb 'let' is followed by an object and the base form of a verb (bare infinitive) without 'to'. The structure is 'let + object + verb (base form)'.
中文: 使役动词“let”(让)后面接受词,再接不带 to 的动词原形(裸不定式)。其结构为“let + 受词 + 动词原形”。
Our teacher lets us choose our own projects.
我们的老师让我们选择自己的项目。
EN: The relative clause 'who teach others' is used to modify the plural noun 'People'. Since 'People' is the subject of the main sentence, 'who' acts as the subject relative pronoun within the clause. The verb in the relative clause ('teach') must agree with the plural antecedent 'People'.
中文: 关系从句“who teach others”用来修饰复数名词“People”(人们)。由于“People”是主要句子的主语,关系代词“who”在从句中担任主语的角色。从句中的动词“teach”必须与先行词“People”在单复数上保持一致(使用复数动词)。
Students who study hard usually get good grades.
努力学习的学生通常会取得好成绩。
EN: The main verb of the sentence is 'change', which is in the simple present tense. It agrees with the plural subject 'People'. The noun 'lives' is the plural form of 'life', used here to refer to the individual existences of many people.
中文: 本句的主要动词是“change”(改变),使用一般现在时,与复数主语“People”一致。名词“lives”是“life”(生命/生活)的复数形式,在此指许多人各自的生命或生活。
Warm-hearted actions change many lives.
温暖人心的举动改变了许多人的生命。
EN: The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a non-human noun (in this case, 'the field'). It acts as the subject of the relative clause.
中文: 关系代词「which」用于引导关系从句(形容词从句),用来修饰非人的名词(在此句中为「the field」)。它在关系从句中担任主语的角色。
This is the book which inspired me to study science.
这就是那本启发我研究科学的书。
EN: The superlative adverb 'the most' is used to modify the verb 'excites', indicating the highest degree of excitement.
中文: 最高级副词「the most」用于修饰动词「excites」,表示兴奋程度最高(最……)。
Of all the subjects, physics interests me the most.
在所有学科中,物理最让我感兴趣。
EN: The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces a possessive adjective (like 'his', 'her', 'their') and connects a relative clause to the noun it modifies. In this sentence, 'whose vision is clear' modifies 'A leader' (meaning 'the leader's vision is clear').
中文: 关系代词“whose”用于表示所有格(所有权)。它取代了所有格形容词(如 his、her、their),并将关系从句连接到它所修饰的名词。在本句中,“whose vision is clear”修饰“A leader”(意指“该领导者的愿景是清晰的”)。
She is the teacher whose lessons inspired me.
她就是那位课程启发了我(的人)的老师。
EN: Subject-Verb Agreement with singular subjects. 'A leader' is a third-person singular subject, so the verb 'earn' must take the singular ending '-s' to become 'earns'.
中文: 单数主语的主语与动词一致性。“A leader”(一位领导者)是第三人称单数主语,因此动词“earn”(赢得)必须加上单数结尾“-s”变成“earns”。
A doctor who saves lives has a noble job.
救人性命的医生有着高尚的工作。
EN: In professional and leadership contexts, 'vision' refers to the ability to think about or plan the future with imagination or wisdom. 'Earning trust' is highly valued in modern collaborative workplaces, contrasting with older, authoritarian leadership styles.
中文: 在職場與領導力情境中,「vision」(願景)指的是以想像力或智慧來思考或規劃未來的能力。在現代強調協作的工作環境中,「earning trust」(贏得信任)被視為極其重要的特質,這與過去威權式的領導風格形成對比。
EN: The relative pronoun 'that' is used to introduce a defining relative clause that describes an inanimate noun ('work'). In this clause, 'that' acts as the subject of the verb 'helps'.
中文: 关系代词“that”用于引导限定性关系从句,修饰无生命名词(此处为“work”)。在此从句中,“that”担任动词“helps”的主语。
I like books that have happy endings.
我喜欢有快乐结局的书。
EN: The noun 'work' is an uncountable noun when it refers to general employment or effort. Therefore, it does not take an indefinite article ('a') and is followed by a singular verb ('helps') when represented by the relative pronoun 'that'.
中文: 名词“work”在指代一般工作或劳动时为不可数名词。因此,前面不加不定冠词“a”,且在关系代词“that”引导的从句中,其后接单数动词“helps”。
She is looking for work in the city.
她正在城市里寻找工作。
EN: In modern English-speaking cultures, there is a strong emphasis on 'social impact' and 'sustainability' in career choices. Expressing a desire to help 'the planet' reflects the growing global awareness of environmental issues among younger generations.
中文: 在現代英語系國家的文化中,職業選擇非常強調「社會影響力」與「永續發展」。表達想要幫助「地球」(the planet)的心願,反映了年輕一代對全球環保議題日益增長的關注。
EN: The relative pronoun 'who' introduces a defining relative clause ('who never stops learning') that modifies the indefinite pronoun 'Anyone'. This clause specifies exactly which group of people the speaker is referring to.
中文: 关系代词“who”引导一个限定性关系从句(who never stops learning),用来修饰不定代词“Anyone”。这个从句明确指出了说话者所指的究竟是哪一类人。
Anyone who wants to join the club should sign up here.
任何想加入俱乐部的人都应该在这里登记。
EN: The verb 'stop' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to mean ceasing an ongoing action or habit. In this sentence, 'stops learning' means to no longer continue the act of acquiring knowledge.
中文: 动词“stop”后面接动名词(V-ing),表示停止正在进行的动作或习惯。在本句中,“stops learning”表示不再继续获取知识的行为。
He stopped smoking last year for his health.
为了健康,他去年戒烟了。
EN: This sentence reflects the strong cultural value placed on lifelong learning and personal growth in modern professional and academic environments. The concept of continuous self-improvement is highly praised globally.
中文: 這句話反映了現代職業與學術環境中,對於「終身學習」與個人成長的高度文化重視。持續自我提升的概念在世界各地都受到極大的推崇。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中: 钦佩、欣赏、仰慕
在本文中: 发明家
在本文中: 高尚的、值得敬重的
在本文中: 职业、事业
在本文中: 启发、鼓舞(过去式)
在本文中: 耐心
在本文中: 发现(复数形式)
在本文中: 好奇心
在本文中: 热情、热爱
在本文中: 远见、愿景
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To stop trying to do something; to surrender.
放弃
To have a significant effect on a person or situation; to improve a situation.
发挥影响、产生积极作用、有所作为
To introduce an idea, feeling, or belief that will grow and develop in the future.
播下……的种子、启发
To find answers or solutions to obstacles, difficulties, or complex situations.
解决问题