EN： The preposition 'by' is commonly used after verbs of increase or decrease (such as increase, decrease, rise, drop) to express the margin or extent of change.
中文： 介系詞「by」常用於表示增加或減少的動詞（如 increase、decrease、rise、drop）之後，用來表達變化的幅度或差額。
House prices in the area increased by ten percent over the last year.
該地區的房價在過去一年中上漲了百分之十。
EN： The present continuous tense ('are now paying') is used here to describe a current, ongoing situation or trend that has developed recently, especially combined with the adverb 'now'.
中文： 現在進行式（are now paying）在此處與副詞「now」搭配，用來描述目前正在持續發展的現狀或近期形成的新趨勢。
Many consumers are now choosing electric vehicles instead of petrol cars.
許多消費者現在正選擇電動車而非汽油車。
EN： In the UK, household energy costs are closely regulated by Ofgem (the energy regulator), which updates an 'Energy Price Cap' periodically. Consequently, news reports frequently discuss percentage increases in energy bills, as domestic heating and electricity expenses are a major component of the British cost of living.
中文： 在英國，家庭能源費用受到監管機構 Ofgem 的能源價格上限（Energy Price Cap）定期調控。因此，能源帳單的百分比漲幅常成為英國媒體焦點，因為暖氣與用電開銷是當地民眾生活成本中極為關鍵的負擔。
EN： The verb 'predict' is followed by a that-clause acting as a noun clause (direct object) to report what is foreseen. The modal auxiliary 'could' expresses possibility rather than certainty.
中文： 動詞「predict（預測）」後方常接 that 子句作為名詞子句（受詞），用於報告預測的內容。情態助動詞「could」在此表推測或可能性，表示「有可能」而非百分之百肯定。
Economists predicted that inflation could slow down later this year.
經濟學家預測，今年稍晚通貨膨脹可能會趨緩。
EN： The preposition 'by' is used with verbs of increase or decrease (e.g., rise, increase, drop) to specify the margin or amount of change.
中文： 介系詞「by」常用在表達增減變化的動詞（如 rise、increase、fall）之後，用來表示變化的幅度或數量差額（如「上升了...」）。
Housing prices increased by five percent within two months.
房價在兩個月內上漲了百分之五。
EN： In the UK, household energy costs are heavily influenced by the energy price cap set by Ofgem (the energy regulator), which is reviewed quarterly (January, April, July, October). Predicted price hikes in January often cause concern because winter is the peak season for household heating.
中文： 在英國，家庭能源開銷深受能源監管機構 Ofgem 每季（一月、四月、七月、十月）調整的「能源價格上限」（price cap）影響。一月份價格上漲往往引發高度關注，因為此時正值冬季家庭暖氣需求最高的時期。
EN： The Present Perfect tense ('has found') is formed using 'has/have' + past participle. It is used here to describe an action that happened recently or in the unspecified past, and whose result is directly relevant to the current situation.
中文： 現在完成式（has found）由「has/have + 過去分詞」構成。在此處用來描述在過去發生且結果對目前現狀具有重大影響的事件。
Scientists have found a potential solution to clean ocean plastics.
科學家們已經找到一個清理海洋塑膠的潛在解決方案。
EN： The pattern 'a way to + verb' uses an infinitive ('to avoid') as an adjective to modify the noun 'way', describing what kind of method or opportunity is being referred to.
中文： 「a way to + 動詞原型」結構中，不定詞（to avoid）作為形容詞修飾名詞「way」，用來表示「……的方法或管道」。
She is looking for a way to improve her public speaking skills.
她正在尋找改善自己公開演講技巧的方法。
EN： Milton Keynes is a prominent 'new town' in Buckinghamshire, England, built in the late 1960s. Known for its grid road system and modern urban planning, it is often a testing ground for innovative infrastructure, eco-friendly homes, and modern technological trials in the UK.
中文： 米爾頓凱恩斯是英國白金漢郡於 1960 年代後期規劃建設的大型「新市鎮」（New Town）。該地以網格狀道路設計與現代城市規劃聞名，在英國經常作為各類創新基礎設施、綠能環保住宅及前沿科技試點的代表城鎮。
EN： Compound adjectives formed by a number and a singular noun (e.g., 'four-bedroom') function as pre-nominal modifiers. Even though the number is plural, the noun remains singular because it acts as part of the adjective hyphenated compound.
中文： 由「數字 + 單數名詞」組成的複合形容詞（例如「four-bedroom」），置於名詞前作修飾語。儘管數字大於一，中間的名詞仍須維持單數形式，並以連字號（hyphen）連接。
They decided to rent a three-story apartment near the station.
他們決定在車站附近租一間三層樓的公寓。
EN： Prepositional phrases with 'with' denote accompaniment or association. In this sentence, 'with her husband and three young children' modifies the verb 'lives', showing who shares the living space.
中文： 介系詞片語「with...」在此表示「陪伴」或「同行」的伴隨狀態。在本句中，「with her husband and three young children」用來修飾動詞「lives」，指明與主詞同住的對象。
David lives in an old cottage with his grandparents.
大衛和他的祖父母住在一家老舊的鄉村小屋裡。
EN： In the UK housing market, residential properties are predominantly categorized and marketed by the number of bedrooms (e.g., 'a three-bedroom semi-detached house', 'a four-bedroom detached') rather than by total floor area (square meters/feet), which gives an immediate sense of the home's scale and suitability for a family.
中文： 在英國房地產市場中，房屋通常習慣以「臥室數量」（如 four-bedroom house）來界定規格與規模，而非像部分亞洲地區以坪數或平方公尺為首要標準。這能讓讀者或買家一眼看出該住宅適合容納多少家庭成員。
EN： The pattern 'be careful about + noun/clause' is used to express taking care or being cautious regarding a specific matter. Here, it is followed by a wh-clause ('how much energy they used') acting as the preposition's object.
中文： 句型「be careful about + 名詞/子句」表示對某件事保持謹慎或注意。此處介系詞 about 後接由疑問詞引導的名詞子句（'how much energy they used'）作為受詞。
You should be careful about what you share on social media.
你應當對自己在社群媒體上分享的內容保持謹慎。
EN： The embedded question 'how much energy they used' functions as a noun clause. Unlike direct questions, embedded wh-clauses follow statement word order (Question word/phrase + Subject + Verb) rather than inverted order.
中文： 間接問句（嵌入式疑問句）「how much energy they used」作為名詞子句使用。與直接問句不同，間接問句需採用陳述句語序（疑問詞/詞組 + 主詞 + 動詞），不進行倒裝。
I don't know how much money he spent on that car.
我不知道他買那輛車花了多少錢。
EN： In the UK, household energy costs and winter fuel poverty have been major public concerns following significant increases in the energy price cap. Families frequently take strict measures—such as lowering thermostats, using hot-water bottles, and limiting appliance use—to keep winter heating bills affordable.
中文： 在英國，隨著能源價格上限大幅上漲，家庭取暖成本與「冬季燃料貧困」成為普遍的社會議題。許多家庭常會採取嚴格節能措施（例如調低恆溫器、使用熱水袋和限制電器使用）來避免高額暖氣帳單。
EN： The infinitive of purpose ('to + verb') is used to express why an action is done. Here, 'to stay warm' indicates the reason for filling hot-water bottles and using blankets.
中文： 不定詞表目的（to + 原形動詞）用來表達做某動作的目的或原因。在此處，「to stay warm」（為了保暖）說明了裝熱水袋與多蓋毯子的目的。
She wore a thick coat to keep warm in the snow.
她穿了一件厚外套以在雪地裡保暖。
EN： The pattern 'spend [money/time] on [something]' is used to describe expending resources on a specific item or activity. 'Heating' here functions as a gerund/noun.
中文： 動詞句型「spend + 金錢/時間 + on + 名詞/動名詞」表示「在某事物上花費金錢或時間」。句中的「heating」（暖氣／供暖）作名詞使用。
They decided not to spend extra money on eating out.
他們決定不在外食上花費額外的錢。
EN： In the UK, 'hot-water bottles' (rubber containers filled with hot water and encased in fleece or knitted covers) are a traditional, cost-effective way to warm beds during cold winter nights. With soaring energy tariffs, many British households have relied on such personal heating methods rather than turning on central heating.
中文： 在英國，熱水袋（hot-water bottle，通常為橡膠製、外包絨布或毛線套）是寒冬夜晚暖床的傳統且經濟的做法。由於英國近年能源費用大幅上漲，許多家庭選擇依賴熱水袋或厚毯等局部保暖工具，以減少開啟全屋中央暖氣（central heating）的開銷。
EN： The present perfect tense ('have changed') is used here to describe an action or event that occurred at an unspecified time in the recent past and has strong relevance or consequences in the present.
中文： 現在完成式（have + 過去分詞 changed）在此處用來描述在過去發生且對「現在」依然有重大影響或結果的狀態轉變。
Technology has changed the way we communicate with each other.
科技已經徹底改變了我們彼此溝通的方式。
EN： The adverb 'dramatically' modifies the verb phrase 'have changed', indicating that the change is sudden, striking, and substantial in scale.
中文： 副詞 'dramatically'（顯著地、戲劇性地）用來修飾動詞片語 'have changed'，表示這種改變非常顯著、巨大且令人矚目。
Prices dropped dramatically after the holiday season.
節日過後價格大幅下跌。
EN： In British news reporting, family case studies (referred to as 'the [Surname] family') are commonly used to humanize broader economic issues, such as the UK cost-of-living and energy crisis.
中文： 在英國新聞報導中，常藉由特定家庭個案（通常以「the + 姓氏 + family」稱呼）來具體呈現大環境的經濟問題（例如英國近年的生活成本與能源危機），讓宏觀議題更貼近讀者。
EN： The passive voice is formed using 'be + past participle' (was upgraded / was installed). It is used when the focus is on the recipient of the action or the result, rather than who performed it.
中文： 被動語態由「be 動詞 + 過去分詞」構成（如 was upgraded、was installed）。當說話者想強調動作的承受者或結果，而非動作的執行者時使用。
The old school building was completely renovated last year.
那棟舊校舍去年進行了全面翻修。
EN： A defining relative clause begins with the relative pronoun 'that' (or 'which') to give essential information identifying a noun ('a large battery that was installed...'). Here, 'that' acts as the subject of the relative clause.
中文： 關係子句以關係代名詞「that」引導，用來修飾並明確定義先前的名詞（先行詞 a large battery）。在此子句中，「that」作主詞，指代該電池。
He bought a laptop that was manufactured in Japan.
他買了一台在日本製造的筆記型電腦。
EN： In the UK, rising fossil-fuel energy costs have led to government and private initiatives supporting 'green retrofitting'. Combining rooftop solar panels, heat pumps (replacing traditional gas boilers), and home batteries allows households to generate, store, and consume self-sustaining clean energy.
中文： 在英國，隨著化石燃料能源價格飆升，政府與能源業者推動「綠色房屋改造」（green retrofitting）。住家透過結合屋頂太陽能板、熱泵（取代傳統瓦斯鍋爐）以及家用蓄電池，能夠自行發電、儲電與用電，實現自給自足的潔淨能源模式。
EN： The passive voice in the past simple ('were' + past participle 'added') is used when the action is more important than who performed it, or when the agent is unknown or obvious from context.
中文： 過去簡單式的被動語態由「were/was + 過去分詞 (added)」構成。當動作本身或接受動作的對象比執行者更重要，或者執行者顯而易見、無須指明時使用。
Several solar panels were installed on the roof yesterday.
昨天屋頂上安裝了幾塊太陽能板。
EN： The adverb 'also' is placed between the auxiliary verb ('were') and the main verb ('added') in passive constructions, meaning 'in addition' or 'too'.
中文： 副詞「also」（也、此外）在含有助動詞或 be 動詞的被動句中，通常置於助動詞（were）與主要動詞（added）之間，用來補充說明額外的事項。
A new battery was also connected to the system.
系統中也額外連接了一顆新電池。
EN： In the UK, most homes rely on wet central heating systems using hot-water radiators fixed to walls. When upgrading to heat pumps (which run at lower water temperatures than traditional gas boilers), larger or additional radiators are often installed to ensure rooms stay sufficiently warm.
中文： 在英國，大多數住宅依賴水暖式中央暖氣系統，透過安裝在牆壁上的熱水散熱片（radiators）供暖。當住家改裝熱泵（heat pump）時，由於熱泵的熱水出水溫度通常比傳統燃氣鍋爐低，往往需要更換為更大尺寸或額外加裝暖氣片，以確保室溫達標。
EN： The phrasal verb 'turn [something] into [something]' means to transform or change someone or something into a different state, form, or role. It is often used with the present perfect tense ('has turned into') to show a completed change that impacts the present.
中文： 動詞片語「turn [事物] into [事物]」表示將某物改造成或轉變為另一種狀態、形式或角色。句中搭配現在完成式（has turned into），強調過去完成的改造動作對現在造成的顯著結果。
The community has turned the abandoned lot into a vibrant park.
該社區已將那塊廢棄空地改造成一座生氣勃勃的公園。
EN： The phrase 'something like' is used as an informal qualifier meaning 'approximately', 'similar to', or 'resembling'. It softens the comparison when something is not literally that object but functions very much like it.
中文： 片語「something like」用作修飾語，意思是「類似於……」或「有點像……」。當某個事物並非字面上的具體物件，但功能或特質非常相像時，可用此片語進行生動而靈活的譬喻。
The new portable gadget looks something like a small smartphone.
這款新的便攜設備看起來有點像一支小智慧型手機。
EN： In the UK, many houses are old, poorly insulated, and rely on gas heating, making them vulnerable to surging energy tariffs. 'Retrofitting'—installing modern green energy tech such as solar panels, air-source heat pumps, and home storage batteries into existing properties—has become a central strategy for UK homeowners trying to achieve energy independence and achieve 'net zero' living.
中文： 在英國，多數民宅歷史悠久且隔熱性能較差，傳統上高度依賴燃氣暖氣，容易受到能源帳單飆漲衝擊。「Retrofitting（老屋綠能改裝／翻新）」——即在既有房屋中加裝太陽能面板、熱泵及蓄電池——已成為許多英國家庭追求能源自主與「淨零碳排」生活的核心解決方案。
EN： The verb 'allow' commonly follows the pattern 'allow + object + to-infinitive', meaning to give permission or make it possible for someone/something to do an action.
中文： 動詞「allow」常用句型為「allow + 受詞 + 不定詞（to V）」，意思是「允許」或「使……能夠」做某事。
Smart home technology allows us to monitor our power usage remotely.
智慧家庭技術使我們能夠遠端監控用電量。
EN： The phrase 'one's own' (here 'its own') is used to emphasize that something belongs exclusively to or is done directly by the subject, rather than relying on external sources.
中文： 代名詞所有格加上「own」（此處為「its own」），用來強調某物完全歸該主體所有，或是由該主體獨立自行產生，而非依賴外界。
The greenhouse grows its own vegetables all year round.
這座溫室一年四季都自己種植蔬菜。
EN： In the UK, the rising cost of living and energy crisis has led many homeowners to invest in 'retrofitting'—adding modern green tech like solar PV panels, heat pumps, and home storage batteries to existing older houses to reach net-zero energy bills.
中文： 在英國，生活成本攀升與能源危機促使許多屋主進行「老屋翻新改造（retrofitting）」，即為舊住宅加裝太陽能板、熱泵及家用儲能電池等綠能設備，以實現零電費帳單的目標。
EN： A restrictive relative clause introduced by 'that' is used here to define and specify the noun 'excess energy'. In this clause, 'that' functions as the direct object of the verb 'produces'.
中文： 這裡使用由「that」引導的限定性關係子句來修飾先行詞「excess energy」（多餘能量）。在此關係子句中，「that」擔任動詞「produces」的受詞。
The electricity that the solar panels generate is completely free.
太陽能板產生的電力完全是免費的。
EN： The passive voice pattern 'is + past participle' (is sent) is used when the focus is on what happens to the energy rather than who or what sends it.
中文： 被動語態結構「is + 過去分詞」（is sent）用於將焦點放在能量所受到的處理，而非執行傳送的主體。
Surplus power is fed back into the national supply system.
剩餘電力會被回輸至國家電力供應系統中。
EN： In the UK and many European countries, households with solar panels can sell surplus electricity back to the National Grid under schemes like the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG). This process helps balance the wider energy system and allows homeowners to earn credits or offset costs.
中文： 在英國及許多歐洲國家，安裝太陽能板的家庭可透過類似「智慧出口保證」（Smart Export Guarantee, SEG）的機制，將剩餘的電力回售給國家電網（National Grid）。這不僅有助於維持公共電力系統的供需平衡，還能讓用戶賺取電費折抵或額外收益。
EN： "Because of" is a compound preposition followed by a noun phrase (e.g., "this system"), expressing a reason or cause. Unlike the conjunction "because", it cannot be directly followed by a subject-verb clause.
中文： 「Because of」為複合介系詞，後面必須接名詞或名詞片語（如「this system」）以表達原因。它與從屬連接詞「because」（後接包含主詞和動詞的完整子句）不同。
Because of the heavy snow, the flight was delayed.
因為大雪，航班延誤了。
EN： The relative pronoun "which" introduces a restrictive relative clause that modifies the antecedent "tariff". Here, "which" functions as the subject of the verb "guarantees".
中文： 關係代名詞「which」在此引導關係子句，用來修飾先行詞「tariff」（計費方案）。在子句中，「which」扮演主詞角色，接續動詞「guarantees」。
She signed a contract which guarantees a fixed interest rate.
她簽訂了一份保證固定利率的合約。
EN： In the UK energy market, a "tariff" refers to the specific pricing plan or contract for gas and electricity (e.g., fixed tariff, standard variable tariff). British suppliers like Octopus Energy frequently introduce innovative green tariffs tied to home renewable technologies such as solar and heat pumps.
中文： 在英國能源市場中，「tariff」通常指天然氣或電力的特定「收費費率方案」（如固定費率或浮動費率）。英國的能源供應商（例如章魚能源）經常推出與太陽能板、熱泵等綠能設備綁定的創新環保費率合約。
EN： The 'There is / There are' structure is an existential construction used to state that something exists. Here, 'There' acts as an expletive (dummy) subject, followed by the singular linking verb 'is' because the logical subject 'one condition' is singular.
中文： 「There is / There are」是表示「存在」的存現句型（Existential construction）。「There」在此作為虛主詞（dummy subject），後方接單數連繫動詞「is」，因為真正的邏輯主詞「one condition」是單數名詞。
There is a strict rule that all visitors must observe.
有一項所有訪客都必須遵守的嚴格規定。
EN： A relative clause (adjective clause) introduced by the relative pronoun 'that' modifies the noun 'condition'. In this clause, 'that' functions as the direct object of the transitive verb 'follow' ('the family must follow [the condition]').
中文： 由關係代名詞「that」引導的關係子句（形容詞子句），用來修飾先行詞「condition」（條件）。在此子句中，「that」充當及物動詞「follow」的受詞（即「the family must follow [the condition]」）。
This is a policy that every employee should understand.
這是每位員工都應該理解的一項政策。
EN： The structure 'need + to-infinitive' expresses an obligation or necessity. 'Stay within' acts as a phrasal verb meaning to remain below a particular threshold or limit.
中文： 「need + 不定詞 (to + 原形動詞)」表示義務或必要性。「stay within」為片語動詞，意為「保持在……範圍或限度內」。
Drivers must stay within the speed limit in residential areas.
駕駛人在住宅區內必須保持在速限之內。
EN： Past participle phrase as a post-modifier: 'set by the energy company' is a reduced relative clause (short for 'which is set by...') that modifies the noun phrase 'a fair usage limit'.
中文： 過去分詞片語作後置修飾：「set by the energy company」是簡化關係子句（原為 which is set by...），用來修飾前面的名詞片語「a fair usage limit」（合理使用額度）。
The rules established by the school apply to everyone.
學校制定的規定適用於所有人。
EN： In the UK energy and telecoms sectors, a 'fair usage limit' (or 'fair usage policy', FUP) is a common clause. Even on 'unlimited' or 'zero-bill' promotional tariffs, suppliers prevent excessive consumption or commercial misuse by capping free usage at reasonable domestic levels.
中文： 在英國的公用事業（如電力、電信）中，「合理使用額度」（fair usage limit 或 fair usage policy，簡稱 FUP）是十分常見的條款。即便方案標榜「無限制」或「零電費」，業者仍會設定一個合理的家庭用電上限，以防止過度耗能或轉作商業用途。
EN： "As long as" is a subordinating conjunction used to introduce a condition, meaning "only if" or "on the condition that". Like other conditional clauses (first conditional pattern), the clause introduced by "as long as" uses the present simple tense ("do") to refer to the future, while the main clause uses "will/will not" + base verb.
中文： 「As long as」是從屬連接詞，意思是「只要……」，用來引導條件子句。與常見的第一條件句相同，條件子句中須使用現在簡單式（如 "do"）來表示未來的條件，而主要子句則搭配「will / will not + 原形動詞」。
As long as you return the book tomorrow, you can borrow it.
只要你明天歸還，你就可以借走這本書。
EN： "Will not be billed" is a future passive construction (will + not + be + past participle). The verb "bill" means to charge someone for goods or services. Here, the subjects ("they") receive the action of being charged, so the passive voice is used.
中文： 「Will not be billed」為未來式的被動語態（will + not + be + 過去分詞）。動詞 "bill" 表示「向……收費、開帳單給……」。由於主詞（they）是被收費的對象，因此使用被動語態。
You will not be charged any extra fees for this service.
此項服務不會向您收取任何額外費用。
EN： In the UK, heating and electricity bills are major concerns during winter due to cold temperatures and energy price volatility. Innovative green-energy programs (such as zero-bill guarantees via solar, batteries, and heat pumps) allow families to fix or eliminate home energy costs, provided they adhere to fair usage policies.
中文： 在英國，由於冬季氣溫低以及能源價格波動，暖氣與電費一直是家庭開銷的沉重負擔。藉由太陽能板、家用儲能電池與熱泵等綠能改造，新型能源方案（如零電費保證）讓家庭只要遵守合理使用限制，就能大幅免除家庭耗能的費用。
EN： The phrasal verb 'look forward to' means to anticipate something with pleasure. In this construction, 'to' is a preposition, not an infinitive marker, which means it must be followed by a noun, pronoun, or gerund (-ing form).
中文： 片語動詞「look forward to」意思是「期待、盼望」。在此結構中，「to」是介系詞而非不定詞標記，因此後面必須接名詞、代名詞或動名詞（-ing 形式）。
We are looking forward to meeting you next week.
我們很期待下週與您見面。
EN： In indirect speech or reported statements, the conjunction 'that' introducing a noun clause can often be omitted after reporting verbs like 'say', 'think', or 'believe'. Here, 'Naylor says [that] she is...'.
中文： 在間接引語或轉述句中，引導名詞子句（受詞子句）的連接詞「that」在「say」、「think」或「believe」等轉述動詞後常可省略。本句即為「Naylor says [that] she is...」。
He says he will arrive on time.
他說他會準時到達。
EN： In the UK, winter energy bills are a major topic of concern due to cold temperatures and high heating costs. While many families dread winter utility spikes, families with retrofitted energy-efficient homes often look forward to staying warm comfortably without financial stress.
中文： 在英國，由於冬季寒冷且暖氣支出龐大，能源帳單一直是全民關注的焦點。許多家庭對冬天的電費暴增感到擔憂，因此完成節能改造、能免受高昂帳單之苦的家庭，才會真正「期待」冬天的到來。
EN： The adjective phrase 'careful with' followed by a noun means taking care not to waste, damage, or misuse something. Adverbs of degree like 'fairly' or frequency like 'always' are placed before the adjective/verb to modify intensity and frequency.
中文： 形容詞片語「careful with + 名詞」表示「對……很小心／節省／謹慎」，避免浪費或損壞。此處搭配頻率副詞 'always'（總是）與程度副詞 'fairly'（相當、頗為）修飾形容詞 careful，表達「一直都相當節儉/謹慎」。
He has always been fairly careful with his monthly budget.
他對每個月的預算一直都相當謹慎。
EN： In reported speech with direct quotation, the reporting clause (subject + verb, e.g., 'she explains') often appears after the quoted statement. A comma separates the direct quote from the reporting clause.
中文： 在直接引語（Direct Speech）中，引述子句（如 'she explains' 主詞加動詞）常置於引號所包夾的句子之後，引號內部末端以逗號與引述子句分隔。
"The project will finish on time," the manager confirmed.
「專案會準時完成，」經理證實道。
EN： In British English, 'fairly' is a common downtoner used to soften a statement, meaning 'moderately' or 'quite'. Being 'careful with energy' or heating is a very common topic of discussion among British households due to historically high utility tariffs and older, less energy-efficient housing stock.
中文： 在英國英語中，'fairly' 是常用的緩和副詞，表示「相當／還算」。由於英國氣候濕冷、老舊房屋隔熱普遍不佳，加上近年能源費用飆漲，「節省能源（careful with energy）」與限制暖氣使用是英國家庭非常普遍的日常話題。
EN： The combination 'only ever' is used as an emphatic adverbial phrase to mean 'never at any time other than' or 'strictly limited to'. It emphasizes that an action or state never exceeded a particular limit in the past.
中文： 「only ever」是加強語氣的副詞片語，意思是「向來只有、從未超過某個限制」。在此處用來強調過去暖氣設定嚴格受限，從未調高過十八度。
He only ever drinks water with his meals.
他用餐時向來只喝水。
EN： The non-defining relative clause introduced by ', which' refers back to the entire preceding clause ('heat the house before the children come home from school') rather than just a single noun, functioning as a sentential relative clause.
中文： 由「, which」引導的非限定關係子句，其先行詞是前面整件事（在孩子放學回家前暖房），而非單一的名詞，這在文法上稱為「指涉整句的關係子句」。
She passed her driving test on the first try, which surprised everyone.
她第一次就通過了駕照考試，這讓所有人都很驚訝。
EN： In the UK, 18°C (around 64°F) is commonly cited by the NHS and energy advisors as the minimum recommended room temperature for healthy adults during winter. Setting heating strictly to 18°C reflects stringent budget-conscious behavior often prompted by the UK energy crisis.
中文： 在英國，18°C（約 64°F）常被英國國民保健署（NHS）建議為冬季健康成年人室內的最低溫度底線。將暖氣嚴格限制在 18 度，反映了英國許多家庭在能源價格飆漲危機下，為了省錢而不得不克制的取暖習慣。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 預測、預料
在本文中： 顯著地、大幅地
在本文中： 升級、改造提升
在本文中： 安裝、設置
在本文中： （對舊建築或設施進行的）翻新改裝、節能改造
在本文中： 產生（電能等）
在本文中： 多餘的、過量的
在本文中： 計費標準、價目表（此指電費方案）
在本文中： 保證、確保
在本文中： 條件、限制條款
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
Energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power.
再生能源
An interconnected network for delivering electricity from producers to consumers.
輸電網、電力網絡
To feel excited or pleased about something that is going to happen.
期盼、期待
Provided that; only if.
只要……