Hayao Miyazaki: Spirited Away to Greatness宫崎骏：从《千与千寻》走向伟大
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EN： Appositive: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename or describe it. Here, 'a film about childhood and nature' provides more information about 'My Neighbor Totoro'.
中文： 同位语：紧跟在另一个名词后面的名词或名词短语，用于重新命名或补充说明该名词。在此句中，「a film about childhood and nature」补充说明了《龙猫》这部作品。
Paris, the capital of France, is known as the City of Light.
巴黎，法国的首都，被誉为光之城。
EN： Past Tense: Used to describe actions that were completed at a specific time in the past. The verb 'released' indicates the action happened in 1988.
中文： 过去式：用于描述在过去特定时间完成的动作。动词「released」表示该发行行为发生在1988年。
He finished his homework two hours ago.
他在两小时前完成了作业。
EN： 'My Neighbor Totoro' is a cornerstone of Japanese pop culture. The character Totoro became the mascot for Studio Ghibli, similar to how Mickey Mouse represents Disney. The film's focus on Shinto-inspired reverence for nature is a recurring theme in Miyazaki's work.
中文： 《龍貓》是日本流行文化的基石。龍貓這個角色後來成為吉卜力工作室的吉祥物，地位類似於迪士尼的米老鼠。電影中展現對大自然的敬畏（受神道教啟發）是宮崎駿作品中反覆出現的主題。
EN： The verb 'introduce' often follows the pattern 'introduce A to B', where 'A' is the person or thing being presented, and 'B' is the recipient or audience. The preposition 'to' is essential to indicate the direction of the introduction.
中文： 动词 'introduce' 常遵循 'introduce A to B' 的句型，其中 'A' 是被介绍的人或物，而 'B' 是接收者或受众。介词 'to' 在此至关重要，用以表示介绍的对象。
The teacher introduced the new student to the class.
老师向全班同学介绍了这位新学生。
EN： The Past Simple tense is used here to describe a completed action that occurred at a specific time in the past (1988). The regular verb 'introduce' adds '-d' to form 'introduced'.
中文： 这里使用一般过去时来描述发生在过去特定时间（1988年）且已完成的动作。规则动词 'introduce' 在词尾加上 '-d' 形成过去式 'introduced'。
She introduced a new concept during the meeting yesterday.
她昨天在会议中介绍了一个新概念。
EN： Miyazaki's 'storytelling' is often characterized by its blend of Japanese folklore, environmentalism, and strong female protagonists, which was distinct from Western animation styles of the late 1980s.
中文： 宮崎駿的「敘事手法」特色在於融合了日本民間傳說、環保主義以及堅強的女主角形象，這與 1980 年代後期的西方動畫風格截然不同。
EN： The use of the coordinating conjunction 'but' to connect two independent clauses. This structure creates a contrast between the initial reception and the eventual outcome.
中文： 使用并列连词 'but' 来连接两个独立从句。这种结构在最初的反应与最终的结果之间建立了对比。
The movie was expensive to make, but it earned a lot of money.
这部电影制作成本很高，但它赚了很多钱。
EN： Adverbs of manner (like 'gradually') are used to describe how an action happens. They often appear between the subject and the main verb or after the verb.
中文： 方式副词（如 'gradually'）用于描述动作发生的方式。它们通常出现在主语与主要动词之间，或动词之后。
The weather gradually became warmer.
天气逐渐变暖了。
EN： The term 'huge hit' is a common idiomatic expression in the entertainment industry to describe a very successful movie, song, or book. It highlights the commercial aspect of art.
中文： 'huge hit' 是娛樂產業中常見的慣用語，用來形容非常成功的電影、歌曲或書籍。它強調了藝術的商業成功面。
EN： The structure 'one of the + superlative adjective + plural noun' is used to single out one person or thing from a group that shares a specific top-tier quality. Note that the noun must always be plural.
中文： 「one of the + 最高级形容词 + 复数名词」的结构用于从具有某种顶尖特质的群体中挑选出一个。请注意，后接的名词必须使用复数形式。
She is one of the most talented musicians in the orchestra.
她是管弦乐团中最有才华的音乐家之一。
EN： The verb 'become' (past tense: became) is a linking verb used to describe a change in state or status. It connects the subject to a noun phrase or adjective that describes what the subject has turned into.
中文： 动词「become」（过去式为 became）是一个系动词，用于描述状态或身份的改变。它将主语连接到描述其转变结果的名词短语或形容词。
The small village became a popular tourist destination.
这个小村庄变成了一个受欢迎的旅游胜地。
EN： Totoro is not just a character but the official mascot of Studio Ghibli. Its cultural impact in Japan is comparable to Mickey Mouse in the United States, symbolizing childhood wonder and the spirit of nature.
中文： 龍貓不僅是一個角色，更是吉卜力工作室的官方吉祥物。它在日本的文化影響力可與美國的米老鼠相提並論，象徵著童年的好奇心與自然之靈。
EN： Appositive (a noun phrase that renames or explains another noun): 'a story about...' acts as an appositive to 'Spirited Away', providing more detail about the film.
中文： 同位语（重新命名或解释另一个名词的名词短语）：'a story about...' 作为 'Spirited Away' 的同位语，提供了关于这部电影的更多细节。
My friend, a talented musician, is performing tonight.
我的朋友，一位才华横溢的音乐家，今晚要演出。
EN： Past Participle as an Adjective: 'lost' is a past participle modifying 'girl', describing her state of being lost in the spirit world.
中文： 过去分词用作形容词：'lost' 是一个过去分词，用来修饰 'girl'，描述她迷失在神灵世界的状态。
The book found on the floor belongs to the library.
在地上发现的那本书是图书馆的。
EN： 'Spirited Away' (Sen to Chihiro no Kamikakushi) is steeped in Japanese Shinto folklore, where spirits (kami) inhabit all things in nature. The English title 'Spirited Away' refers to the concept of 'kamikakushi', meaning to be hidden or taken away by gods.
中文： 《神隱少女》（千與千尋）深受日本神道教民俗影響，認為自然界中的萬物皆有神靈（kami）。英文片名 'Spirited Away' 對應日文中的「神隱」（kamikakushi），意指被神明藏起來或帶走。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): Used here as a reduced relative clause or a resultative clause to provide additional information or describe a simultaneous action/result of the main clause.
中文： 现在分词短语 (V-ing)：此处用作简化关系从句或结果从句，用来提供额外信息，或描述主句动作所产生的伴随动作或结果。
The rain lasted for hours, causing floods in the streets.
雨持续了好几个小时，导致街道淹水。
EN： Superlative Adjectives: Formed by adding '-est' or using 'most' (e.g., 'highest-grossing') to compare three or more things, indicating the extreme degree.
中文： 最高级形容词：通过在词尾加「-est」或使用「most」（例如：highest-grossing）来比较三个或以上的事物，表示程度最高者。
This is the most expensive painting in the gallery.
这是画廊里最昂贵的画作。
EN： 'Highest-grossing' refers to the total amount of money a film earns from ticket sales. In Japan, 'Spirited Away' held the record for 19 years until it was surpassed by 'Demon Slayer: Mugen Train' in 2020.
中文： 「Highest-grossing」是指電影票房總收入。在日本，《神隱少女》曾保持了 19 年的票房紀錄，直到 2020 年才被《鬼滅之刃劇場版 無限列車篇》超越。
EN： The sentence uses an 'Appositive' (a huge achievement) which is a noun phrase that follows another noun to rename or provide more information about it. It is separated by a comma.
中文： 本句使用了「同位语」（a huge achievement），这是一个紧跟在名词后面的名词短语，用于重新命名或提供更多关于该名词的信息。通常用逗号隔开。
He visited Paris, the capital of France.
他访问了巴黎，即法国的首都。
EN： The adverb 'also' is used to add information. In sentences with a simple past tense verb, it usually appears between the subject and the main verb.
中文： 副词「also」用于补充信息。在一般过去时的句子中，它通常出现在主语和主要动词之间。
She also finished her homework early.
她也提早完成了作业。
EN： The Academy Award (Oscar) for Best Animated Feature was established in 2001. 'Spirited Away' was the first non-English language film to win this category, marking a significant moment for international animation.
中文： 奧斯卡最佳動畫片獎設立於 2001 年。《神隱少女》是第一部獲得該獎項的非英語電影，這對國際動畫界來說是一個具有重大意義的時刻。
EN： The Past Continuous tense (was/were + -ing) is used here to describe an ongoing action or state that was happening at a specific time in the past, providing the background reason for another event.
中文： 过去进行时 (was/were + -ing) 在此处用于描述过去某个特定时间点正在进行的动作或状态，为另一个事件提供背景原因。
She was studying in the library when the fire alarm rang.
当火警铃响起时，她正在图书馆读书。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'because' introduces a dependent clause that explains the reason or cause for the action in the main clause.
中文： 从属连词 'because' 引导一个从属从句，用来解释主句中动作发生的原因或动机。
They stayed home because it was raining heavily.
因为雨下得很大，所以他们待在家里。
EN： Hayao Miyazaki is known for his strong pacifist views. His absence from the 2003 Academy Awards (where 'Spirited Away' won) was a significant political statement against the U.S. invasion of Iraq, reflecting the anti-war themes often found in his films like 'Howl's Moving Castle'.
中文： 宮崎駿以其堅定的和平主義觀點聞名。他缺席 2003 年奧斯卡頒獎典禮（當時《神隱少女》獲獎）是對美國入侵伊拉克的重大政治聲明，這也反映了他電影中常見的反戰主題，例如《霍爾的移動城堡》。
EN： Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle): Used here to describe an action that has happened multiple times from the past up to the present moment.
中文： 现在完成时 (have/has + 过去分词)：此处用于描述从过去到现在为止，重复发生过多次的动作或经验。
She has visited Japan three times this year.
她今年已经去过日本三次了。
EN： Prepositional Phrase 'throughout': Used to indicate that something happens during the entire period of a particular time or process.
中文： 介词短语 'throughout'：用来表示某事在特定时期或过程的整个过程中持续发生。
The store is open throughout the year.
这家店全年无休。
EN： Hayao Miyazaki's repeated 'retirements' have become a running joke among fans and in the animation industry. It reflects his deep passion for storytelling, as he often finds it impossible to stay away from his craft despite the physical toll of hand-drawing films.
中文： 宮崎駿多次宣布「退休」已成為粉絲和動畫界的一個著名梗。這反映了他對說故事的深厚熱情，儘管手繪電影對體力消耗極大，他仍發現自己無法遠離創作。
EN： The structure 'find oneself + past participle' is used to describe a situation where someone realizes they are in a particular state or doing something, often unexpectedly or involuntarily.
中文： 结构「find oneself + 过去分词 (V-ed)」用于描述某人意识到自己处于某种状态或正在做某事，通常是出于非自愿或出乎意料的情况。
After walking for hours, she found herself lost in the woods.
走了几个小时后，她发现自己迷失在森林中。
EN： The phrase 'drawn back to' uses the past participle 'drawn' (from 'draw') to indicate being pulled or attracted toward something again.
中文： 短语「drawn back to」使用过去分词「drawn」（源自 draw），表示再次被拉回或被吸引回到某个事物。
He was drawn back to his hometown by childhood memories.
他被童年的回忆吸引回到了家乡。
EN： Hayao Miyazaki is famous for his 'false retirements.' This sentence reflects the common public perception that his passion for storytelling is so strong that he cannot stay away from the craft for long.
中文： 宮崎駿以其「多次退休」而聞名。這句話反映了公眾的普遍看法：他對說故事的熱情如此強烈，以至於他無法長期遠離這項工藝。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): Used here as a 'reduced relative clause' or to show a simultaneous action/result. 'Refusing' provides additional information about the subject (He) and explains his stance while performing the main action.
中文： 现在分词短语 (V-ing)：此处用作补充说明或表示伴随动作。'Refusing' 提供了关于主语 (He) 的额外信息，解释了他在执行主要动作（绘图）时的立场或态度。
She walked out of the room, slamming the door behind her.
她走出房间，砰的一声关上了门。
EN： Adverbs of Frequency and Degree: 'Almost' is used to modify the quantifier 'every', indicating that while there might be exceptions, the statement applies to nearly the entire set.
中文： 程度副词：'Almost' (几乎) 用来修饰限定词 'every' (每一个)，表示虽然可能有极少数例外，但该描述适用于绝大部分的情况。
I have finished almost every book on this shelf.
这书架上的书我几乎每一本都读完了。
EN： Hayao Miyazaki is famous for his insistence on traditional hand-drawn animation (cel animation) in an era where CGI (Computer-Generated Imagery) dominates the industry. This 'stubbornness' is seen by fans as a commitment to the warmth and texture of human-made art.
中文： 宮崎駿以堅持傳統手繪動畫（賽璐珞動畫）而聞名，在電腦繪圖（CGI）主導產業的時代，這種「執著」被影迷視為對人類藝術溫度與質感的堅守。
EN： The verb 'call' is used here as a complex transitive verb, following the pattern: call + object + object complement (adjective). This structure describes a quality attributed to the object.
中文： 动词 'call' 在此作为复合及物动词使用，句型为：call + 宾语 + 宾语补足语（形容词）。此结构用来描述赋予该宾语的特质或评价。
Most people call the new policy unfair.
大多数人认为这项新政策不公平。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'but' is used to connect two independent clauses, creating a contrast between a potential negative perception ('stubborn') and a positive interpretation ('dedication').
中文： 并列连词 'but' 用于连接两个独立从句，在潜在的负面看法（固执）与正面解读（奉献）之间建立对比。
The task was difficult, but she finished it on time.
这项任务很困难，但她准时完成了。
EN： In Japanese work culture, 'stubbornness' (kodawari) can often be seen as a positive trait of a master craftsman, implying an uncompromising pursuit of perfection. This sentence reflects the balance between a perceived personality flaw and professional excellence.
中文： 在日本職人文化中，「固執」（kodawari）常被視為大師的正面特質，意指對完美的絕不妥協。這句話反映了在他人眼中的性格缺點與專業卓越之間的平衡。
EN： The verb 'teach' is used here with a double object structure: 'teach + someone (indirect object) + that-clause (direct object)'. The 'that-clause' functions as a noun, explaining what is being taught.
中文： 动词「teach」在此处使用双宾语结构：「teach + 某人（间接宾语）+ that 从句（直接宾语）」。这个「that 从句」充当名词功能，说明所教导的内容。
The teacher taught us that honesty is the best policy.
老师教导我们诚实为上策。
EN： The passive voice 'should be protected' is formed by 'should + be + past participle'. It emphasizes the action being done to the subject (nature) rather than who is doing it.
中文： 被动语态「should be protected」由「should + be + 过去分词」构成。它强调作用于主体（大自然）的动作，而非执行动作的人。
Historical buildings should be preserved for future generations.
历史建筑应该为后代子孙保留下来。
EN： Miyazaki's works are deeply rooted in Shintoism and environmentalism. In Japanese culture, nature is often seen as having its own spirits (kami), which explains why his films frequently portray nature as a living, sacred entity that requires respect.
中文： 宮崎駿的作品深受神道教和環保主義影響。在日本文化中，大自然通常被認為擁有自己的神靈（kami），這解釋了為什麼他的電影經常將自然描繪成一個需要尊重的、活生生的神聖實體。
EN： The sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'show'. This structure allows the speaker to express a complete thought or fact within a larger sentence.
中文： 本句使用 'that 从句' 作为名词从句，充当动词 'show' 的直接宾语。这种结构允许说话者在一个较大的句子中表达一个完整的思想或事实。
Scientists believe that climate change is a serious threat.
科学家相信气候变化是一个严重的威胁。
EN： The word 'lasting' is a present participle used as an adjective to describe the noun 'consequences', indicating a state that continues for a long time.
中文： 单词 'lasting' 是现在分词用作形容词，用来修饰名词 'consequences'，表示一种持续很长时间的状态。
The book had a lasting impact on my life.
这本书对我的人生产生了持久的影响。
EN： Miyazaki's anti-war stance is a recurring theme in his work, heavily influenced by his childhood memories of post-WWII Japan. This sentence reflects his belief that cinema should address serious social and historical issues even when created for children.
中文： 宮崎駿的反戰立場是他作品中反覆出現的主題，這深受他童年時期對二戰後日本記憶的影響。這句話反映了他的信念：即使是為兒童創作的電影，也應該探討嚴肅的社會和歷史問題。
EN： The sentence uses a 'Noun Clause' as a direct object, introduced by the conjunction 'that'. This allows the speaker to express a complex thought or statement as the object of the verb 'shows'.
中文： 本句使用了由连词「that」引导的「名词从句」作为直接宾语。这让说话者能将一个完整的想法或陈述作为动词「shows」的宾语。
She believes that hard work leads to success.
她相信努力工作会带来成功。
EN： The phrase 'full of...' is an adjective phrase acting as a post-modifier. It provides additional information about the noun 'adventure' without needing a relative pronoun like 'which is'.
中文： 短语「full of...」是一个形容词短语，作为后置定语使用。它在不需要关系代词（如 which is）的情况下，为名词「adventure」提供额外信息。
The room was quiet, full of sleeping children.
房间里很安静，到处都是熟睡的孩子。
EN： Miyazaki's films often contrast with Western animation by focusing on 'Ma' (emptiness) and the slow, internal growth of characters rather than just external conflict. This sentence reflects his philosophy that maturity comes through experiencing both the beauty and the difficulty of the world.
中文： 宮崎駿的電影與西方動畫常有不同，他強調「間」（留白）以及角色內在的緩慢成長，而非僅僅是外部衝突。這句話反映了他的哲學：成熟來自於體驗世界的真善美與艱難險阻。
EN： The sentence uses a Noun Clause starting with 'that' as a Subject Complement. This clause follows the linking verb 'is' to define or explain the subject 'philosophy'.
中文： 本句使用了由 'that' 引导的名词从句作为「主语补足语」。此从句跟在系动词 'is' 之后，用来定义或解释主语 'philosophy'（哲学）的具体内容。
My belief is that honesty is the best policy.
我的信念是诚实为上策。
EN： The word 'even' is used as an intensive adverb to emphasize something surprising or extreme—in this case, that even 'bad' characters possess depth.
中文： 单词 'even'（甚至）在此作为强调副词，用来强调令人惊讶或极端的情况。在本文中，它强调了即使是「坏的」角色也具备深度。
Even the smallest mistake can cause a big problem.
即使是最小的错误也可能导致大问题。
EN： Miyazaki is famous for avoiding simple 'good vs. evil' tropes. His antagonists, like Lady Eboshi in 'Princess Mononoke' or No-Face in 'Spirited Away', often have sympathetic motivations or are shaped by their environment, reflecting a nuanced worldview common in Japanese storytelling.
中文： 宮崎駿以避免簡單的「善惡二元論」而聞名。他的反派角色，如《魔法公主》中的艾伯希大人或《神隱少女》中的無臉男，通常擁有令人同情的動機或受環境影響而改變，這反映了日本敘事中常見的細膩世界觀。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 逐渐地，一步步地
在本文中： 迷人的，吸引人的
在本文中： 成就，功绩
在本文中： 抗议，反对
在本文中： 退休
在本文中： 欣然接受，采纳
在本文中： 固执的，顽固的
在本文中： 奉献，投入
在本文中： 珍贵的，宝贵的
在本文中： 后果，影响
在本文中： 哲学，人生观
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To attract someone to something again or to return to a previous state.
吸引回来，拉回
Earning more money than any other film or product.
最高票房的，最赚钱的
Done by a person rather than a machine.
手工地，亲手地
In the beginning.
起初，刚开始时
A very successful and popular movie, song, or book.
大受欢迎的作品；热门
A full-length animated movie, typically lasting 40 minutes or longer.
动画长片
One of the many single images that make up a motion picture.
帧；画面