Hayao Miyazaki: The Boy Who Drew Worlds宫崎骏：绘就世界的少年
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EN： The Passive Voice (be + past participle) is used here with 'born'. In English, we always use the passive form 'was/were born' to describe the event of someone's birth because the person is the receiver of the action.
中文： 被动语态 (be + 过去分词) 在此处与 'born' 连用。在英语中，我们总是使用被动形式 'was/were born' 来描述出生，因为出生者是动作的接受者。
She was born in a small village in 1995.
她于1995年出生在一个小村庄。
EN： Prepositional Phrases for Time and Place: 'In' is used for large locations (Tokyo) and specific years (1941), while 'during' indicates a period of time within which an event occurs.
中文： 时间与地点的介词短语：'In' 用于大型地点（东京）和特定年份（1941年），而 'during' 则表示某事发生的特定期段。
He lived in London during the summer.
他在夏天期间住在伦敦。
EN： The year 1941 marks a significant period in history as Japan was deeply involved in World War II. This historical context is crucial for understanding the themes of pacifism and the consequences of war often found in Miyazaki's later works.
中文： 1941 年是歷史上的重要時期，當時日本深陷第二次世界大戰。這一歷史背景對於理解宮崎駿後期作品中經常出現的反戰和平主義主題以及戰爭後果至關重要。
EN： The sentence uses a relative clause starting with 'that' to provide more information about the noun 'business'. This is a defining relative clause, which identifies exactly what kind of business it was.
中文： 本句使用了以 'that' 引导的关系从句（定语从句）来修饰名词 'business'（企业）。这是一个限定用法，用来明确说明该企业的性质或类型。
They live in a house that has a red roof.
他们住在一间有着红色屋顶的房子里。
EN： The past simple tense ('owned', 'made') is used here to describe completed actions or states in the past, specifically referring to Miyazaki's childhood context.
中文： 句中使用了一般过去时（'owned'、'made'）来描述过去已完成的动作或状态，特别是指宫崎骏童年时期的背景情况。
She worked for a company that produced organic food.
她曾在一家生产有机食品的公司工作。
EN： The business mentioned was 'Miyazaki Airplane,' owned by Hayao Miyazaki's father. This personal history explains why airplanes and flight are recurring themes in Ghibli films like 'Porco Rosso' and 'The Wind Rises.'
中文： 文中提到的企業是宮崎駿父親經營的「宮崎航空興業」。這段家族背景解釋了為什麼「飛機」與「飛行」會成為吉卜力電影（如《紅豬》、《風起》）中反覆出現的主題。
EN： The phrase 'As a young boy' functions as a prepositional phrase acting as an adverbial of time. 'As' here means 'at the time when he was'.
中文： 短语「As a young boy」作为介词短语，充当时间副词。这里的「As」表示「当他还是...的时候」。
As a student, she spent most of her time in the library.
当她还是学生时，她大部分时间都待在图书馆。
EN： The past participle 'bombed' is used as an adjective to describe the noun 'cities', indicating that the action of bombing happened to the cities (passive meaning).
中文： 过去分词「bombed」被用作形容词来修饰名词「cities」，表示轰炸的动作发生在这些城市身上（具有被动含义）。
The broken window needs to be fixed.
那扇破碎的窗户需要修理。
EN： This sentence refers to the air raids on Japanese cities during World War II. These traumatic experiences are a recurring theme in Miyazaki's work, often manifesting as a deep anti-war sentiment and a fascination with the dual nature of aviation (both as a dream of flight and a tool of destruction).
中文： 這句話指的是第二次世界大戰期間日本城市遭受的空襲。這些創傷經驗是宮崎駿作品中反覆出現的主題，通常表現為深刻的反戰情緒，以及對飛行雙重性質（既是飛行的夢想，也是毀滅的工具）的著迷。
EN： The verb 'see' is a verb of perception. When followed by an object and a present participle (V-ing), it emphasizes that the action was in progress or that the speaker witnessed the process of the action.
中文： 动词 'see' 是感官动词。当后面接宾语和现在分词 (V-ing) 时，强调动作正在进行中，或是说话者目睹了该动作发生的过程。
I saw the children playing in the park.
我看见孩子们正在公园里玩耍。
EN： The present participle 'struggling' functions as an object complement here, describing the state or action of the 'refugees' at the moment they were seen.
中文： 现在分词 'struggling' 在此处担任宾语补足语，用来描述「难民」被看见时的状态或动作。
She noticed a man standing by the door.
她注意到一名男子正站在门边。
EN： The sentence refers to the aftermath of World War II in Japan. Miyazaki's childhood experiences with war-torn landscapes and displaced people (refugees) are central to the anti-war and humanitarian themes found in many Studio Ghibli films, such as 'Grave of the Fireflies'.
中文： 這句話指的是二戰後日本的情景。宮崎駿童年時期目睹飽受戰爭蹂躪的景象和流離失所的人們（難民），是他許多吉卜力工作室電影（如《再見螢火蟲》）中反戰與人道主義主題的核心。
EN： The use of 'would' to express the 'future in the past'. It describes events that were going to happen from a viewpoint in the past.
中文： 使用 'would' 来表示「过去将来时」。它从过去的视角描述当时尚未发生、但后来将会发生的事件。
He knew that this decision would change his life forever.
他知道这个决定将会永远改变他的人生。
EN： Compound Subject: When two or more noun phrases ('images' and 'dream') are joined by 'and' to act as the subject of a single verb.
中文： 复合主语：当两个或多个名词短语（如 'images' 和 'dream'）由 'and' 连接，共同作为单一动词的主语。
The rain and the wind made the journey difficult.
雨和风使得这段旅程变得艰难。
EN： The sentence highlights two recurring themes in Miyazaki's work: the trauma of war and the wonder of aviation. His father was the director of Miyazaki Airplane, which explains his lifelong fascination with flight mechanics.
中文： 這句話強調了宮崎駿作品中不斷出現的兩個主題：戰爭的創傷與對飛行的憧憬。他的父親曾任宮崎航空興業的台長，這解釋了他一生對飛行器機械的著迷。
EN： The sentence uses a subordinate clause starting with 'When' to indicate the time or period during which the main action occurred. This is a common way to set the background for a narrative.
中文： 本句使用由 'When' 引导的从属从句来表示主要动作发生的时间或时期。这是叙事中设定背景的常用方式。
When I was a student, I lived in London.
当我还是学生时，我住在伦敦。
EN： The Past Simple tense ('was', 'saw') is used to describe completed actions or states in the past, which is the standard tense for historical or biographical storytelling.
中文： 一般过去时（'was', 'saw'）用于描述过去已完成的动作或状态，这是历史或传记叙事的标准时态。
She saw a famous actor at the airport yesterday.
她昨天在机场看到了一位著名的演员。
EN： 'The Tale of the White Serpent' (Hakujaden) released in 1958 was Japan's first feature-length color anime film. It was a pivotal moment in Japanese animation history, inspiring many future creators like Miyazaki to enter the industry.
中文： 《白蛇傳》（1958年發行）是日本第一部彩色長篇動畫電影。這是日本動畫史上的關鍵時刻，激發了包括宮崎駿在內的許多未來創作者投身該行業。
EN： Possessive Nouns with 's: We add 's to a noun (Japan) to show ownership or origin. In this context, it indicates the country of origin for the animation.
中文： 所有格名词 ('s)：我们在名词（Japan）后加上 's 来表示所有权或来源。在此语境中，它表示该动画的来源国。
This is the world's tallest building.
这是世界上最高的建筑。
EN： Compound Adjectives: 'Full-length' and 'color' act as adjectives modifying the noun 'animation'. 'Full-length' refers to a complete, standard duration for a movie.
中文： 复合形容词：'Full-length'（长篇）和 'color'（彩色）作为形容词修饰名词 'animation'。'Full-length' 指的是电影的完整标准长度。
She wrote a full-length novel in three months.
她在三个月内写了一部长篇小说。
EN： The film mentioned, 'The Tale of the White Serpent' (Hakujaden), released in 1958, was a milestone in Japanese history, proving that Japan could produce high-quality animation to compete with Disney.
中文： 文中提到的《白蛇傳》（Hakujaden）於1958年上映，是日本歷史上的里程碑，證明了日本有能力製作出足以與迪士尼競爭的高品質動畫。
EN： The 'so + adjective + that' structure is used to express cause and effect, indicating that a quality is so extreme that it results in a specific consequence.
中文： 「so + 形容词 + that」结构用于表达因果关系，表示某种特质达到极端的程度，以至于产生了特定的结果。
The music was so loud that I couldn't hear my own voice.
音乐声太大，以至于我听不见自己的声音。
EN： The phrase 'dedicate something to something' means to give a lot of your time and effort to a particular activity or purpose.
中文： 短语「dedicate something to something」意为将大量的时间与精力奉献给特定的活动或目标。
She dedicated her life to helping the poor.
她将一生奉献于帮助穷人。
EN： The film mentioned, 'The Tale of the White Serpent' (1958), is a landmark in Japanese history as the first feature-length color anime. It deeply moved many future creators, including Miyazaki, by showing the artistic potential of the medium.
中文： 文中提到的電影《白蛇傳》（1958年）是日本歷史上的里程碑，它是日本第一部彩色長篇動畫。它展現了動畫媒介的藝術潛力，深深打動了包括宮崎駿在內的許多未來的創作者。
EN： Compound Predicate: This sentence uses a compound predicate where a single subject ('This experience') performs two actions connected by the conjunction 'and'. Both verbs ('changed' and 'set') must agree with the subject and maintain consistent tense.
中文： 复合谓语：此句子使用复合谓语，即单一主语（This experience）执行了由连接词「and」连接的两个动作。两个动词（changed 和 set）必须与主语一致并保持时态一致。
The storm damaged the roof and broke several windows.
这场暴风雨损坏了屋顶并打破了几扇窗户。
EN： Phrasal Verb 'Set someone on a path': This idiomatic expression means to cause someone to start doing something or to lead them toward a specific future direction.
中文： 短语动词「Set someone on a path」：这个惯用语意指使某人开始做某事，或引导他们走向特定的未来方向。
Winning the scholarship set her on a path to becoming a doctor.
赢得奖学金让她踏上了成为医生的道路。
EN： The preposition 'by' followed by a gerund (verb-ing) is used to describe the method or means of achieving an action.
中文： 介词 'by' 后接动名词 (V-ing) 用来描述达成某个动作的方法或手段。
She improved her English by watching movies.
她通过看电影来提高她的英语。
EN： Adverbs of manner like 'officially' are often placed between the subject and the main verb to emphasize how the action was performed.
中文： 像 'officially' 这样的方式副词通常放在主语和主要动词之间，以强调动作是如何进行的。
They finally finished the project.
他们终于完成了这个项目。
EN： Toei Animation is one of Japan's oldest and most famous animation studios. It was the training ground for many legendary creators, including Hayao Miyazaki and Isao Takahata, before they founded Studio Ghibli.
中文： 東映動畫是日本歷史最悠久且最著名的動畫工作室之一。在創立吉卜力工作室之前，這裡是許多傳奇創作者（包括宮崎駿和高畑勳）的磨練場。
EN： The preposition 'After' is followed by a gerund (working) to indicate a sequence of events. This structure functions as an adverbial phrase of time, showing what happened before the main action.
中文： 介词 'After' 后接动名词 (working) 用以表示事件的先后顺序。此结构作为时间副词短语，说明在主要动作发生之前所发生的事情。
After finishing the project, she took a long vacation.
完成项目后，她休了一个长假。
EN： The past simple tense 'wanted' is used here to describe a state or desire that existed at a specific point in the past.
中文： 一般过去时 'wanted' 在此用于描述过去某个特定时间点所存在的状态或渴望。
He wanted to become an artist when he was young.
他年轻时想成为一名艺术家。
EN： In the Japanese animation industry, 'creative control' is highly valued by directors like Miyazaki, who often oversee every detail from storyboarding to final coloring. This desire for autonomy eventually led to the founding of Studio Ghibli.
中文： 在日本動畫界，「創意主導權」對於像宮崎駿這樣的導演來說至關重要。他通常會親自監督從分鏡圖到最終著色的每一個細節。這種對自主權的渴望最終促成了吉卜力工作室的成立。
EN： The use of 'after' followed by a gerund (V-ing) acts as a prepositional phrase to indicate the sequence of events. It is a concise way to say 'after he had created'.
中文： 在介词 'after' 之后接动名词 (V-ing)，用来表示动作的先后顺序。这是一种简洁的表达方式，等同于 'after he had created'。
After finishing his homework, he went out to play.
完成作业后，他出去玩了。
EN： The prefix 'co-' is added to a verb to indicate that the action is performed together with others. 'Co-founded' means founded together with someone else.
中文： 前缀 'co-' 加在动词前，表示「共同」执行该动作。'Co-founded' 意指与他人共同创立。
They co-authored the book last year.
他们去年共同编写了这本书。
EN： Studio Ghibli is one of the most acclaimed animation studios in the world. The name 'Ghibli' comes from the Italian word for a hot desert wind, reflecting Miyazaki's passion for aviation and his desire to 'blow a new wind' through the Japanese animation industry.
中文： 吉卜力工作室（Studio Ghibli）是全球最受讚譽的動畫工作室之一。「Ghibli」一詞源自義大利語，意指撒哈拉沙漠上的熱風，這反映了宮崎駿對飛行器的熱愛，以及他想為日本動畫界「吹起新風」的願望。
EN： The past participle 'dedicated' functions as an adjective phrase modifying the noun 'princess'. It is a reduced relative clause, shortened from 'who was dedicated to'.
中文： 过去分词「dedicated」在此作为形容词短语，修饰名词「princess」（公主）。这是一个简化的关系从句，由「who was dedicated to」缩减而来。
The scientist dedicated to cancer research won an award.
那位致力于癌症研究的科学家获奖了。
EN： The preposition 'to' in the phrase 'dedicated to' is followed by a noun or gerund, indicating the object of commitment or purpose.
中文： 在「dedicated to」短语中，「to」是介词，后面接名词或动名词，用来表示投入或致力于的对象或目标。
She is dedicated to improving education in rural areas.
她致力于改善偏远地区的教育。
EN： This sentence refers to the film 'Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind' (though technically released just before Ghibli's official founding, it is considered the studio's spiritual start). It highlights a recurring theme in Miyazaki's work: the complex relationship between humanity and the environment.
中文： 這句話指的是電影《風之谷》（雖然技術上在吉卜力正式成立前發行，但被視為該工作室的精神起點）。它強調了宮崎駿作品中反覆出現的主題：人類與環境之間複雜的關係。
EN： Noun Clause as Object: The phrase 'it would fail...' acts as the direct object of the verb 'thought'. The conjunction 'that' is often omitted in informal or narrative English.
中文： 名词从句作宾语：'it would fail...' 这部分作为动词 'thought' 的直接宾语。在非正式或叙述性英语中，连接词 'that' 经常被省略。
The teacher thought the students were ready for the exam.
老师认为学生们已经准备好参加考试了。
EN： Prepositional Phrase 'because of': This compound preposition is used to introduce a reason. Unlike 'because' (which is followed by a clause), 'because of' must be followed by a noun or noun phrase.
中文： 介词短语 'because of'：这个复合介词用于引出原因。与 'because'（后接从句）不同，'because of' 后面必须接名词或名词短语。
The flight was delayed because of the heavy rain.
航班因为大雨而延误。
EN： In the 1980s, environmentalism was not yet a mainstream theme in commercial animation. Studio Ghibli's focus on nature and ecology was considered a significant financial risk at the time, which makes their eventual global success even more remarkable.
中文： 在 1980 年代，環保主義尚未成為商業動畫的主流主題。吉卜力工作室對自然和生態的關注在當時被認為是巨大的財務風險，這使得他們最終在全球取得的成功顯得更加卓越。
EN： The preposition 'Despite' is used to introduce a contrast or concession. It is followed by a noun, noun phrase, or gerund, but never a full clause with a subject and verb.
中文： 介词「Despite」（尽管）用于引出对比或让步。其后接名词、名词短语或动名词，不可直接接带有主语和动词的从句。
Despite the heavy rain, the outdoor concert continued as planned.
尽管下着大雨，户外演唱会仍按计划继续进行。
EN： The structure 'be determined to + verb' expresses a strong sense of resolve or firm decision to do something. 'Determined' acts as an adjective describing the subject's state of mind.
中文： 结构「be determined to + 动词」表达了做某事的坚定决心或果断态度。「Determined」在此作为形容词，描述主语的心态。
She was determined to win the marathon after months of training.
经过几个月的训练，她决心要赢得马拉松比赛。
EN： In the context of Studio Ghibli, 'vision' refers to Miyazaki's unique storytelling style that blends environmentalism, pacifism, and strong female protagonists, which was considered risky in the 1980s animation industry.
中文： 在吉卜力工作室的背景下，「vision」（願景/眼界）指的是宮崎駿獨特的敘事風格，融合了環保主義、和平主義和強大的女性主角，這在 1980 年代的動畫產業中被認為是具有風險的。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 亲眼看见、目睹（通常指重大或历史性事件）
在本文中： 难民；因战争、迫害或自然灾害而被迫逃离家园的人
在本文中： 影响；对某人的思想或行为产生作用
在本文中： 致力于、奉献（时间、精力等）于某种目的
在本文中： 正式地；由权威机构或以正式方式
在本文中： 创意主导权；决定作品艺术方向的权力
在本文中： 共同创立
在本文中： 环境的；与自然环境相关的
在本文中： 下定决心的；意志坚定的
在本文中： 愿景、眼光；对未来的想象或构想
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To cause someone to start a new course of action or a different way of life.
使某人踏上一条新的道路
To experience great difficulty in staying alive or maintaining a basic level of existence.
挣扎求生
Giving a lot of time and effort to something because you think it is important.
致力于；奉献给
To start an organization or company together with one or more other people.
共同创办
A film or animation that is of the standard duration for a feature movie, typically 70 to 120 minutes.
长篇的（指电影或动画）
The authority to make final decisions regarding the artistic and content-related aspects of a project.
创意主导权 / 艺术自主权
A clear, imaginative concept of what a creative work or a future goal should be.
愿景 / 艺术构想