EN： The verb 'enjoy' is always followed by a gerund (V-ing) when expressing an action that someone likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面若要接动作，必须使用动名词（V-ing）形式，不能接不定式（to + 动词原形）。
She enjoys playing the piano after dinner.
她喜欢在晚餐后弹钢琴。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'on weekends' is used to describe habits or regular activities that happen every Saturday and Sunday. 'On the weekend' (singular) is also common, especially in American English.
中文： 介词短语「on weekends」用来描述在周末（每周六、日）发生的习惯或规律活动。使用复数形式的 weekends 表示「每个周末」。
They usually go hiking on weekends.
他们通常在周末去健行。
EN： The phrase 'be good at' is used to express proficiency in a certain activity. It is followed by a noun or a gerund (V-ing).
中文： 短语「be good at」用来表示擅长某项活动。后面必须接名词或动名词（V-ing）。
She is good at playing tennis.
她擅长打网球。
EN： When referring to playing musical instruments, the definite article 'the' is used before the instrument (e.g., play the violin, play the piano).
中文： 当提到演奏乐器时，乐器名称前必须加上定冠词「the」（例如：play the violin、play the piano）。
He is learning to play the piano.
他正在学习弹钢琴。
EN： The verb 'finish' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when expressing the completion of an activity. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「finish」（完成）后面必须接动名词（V-ing）作为宾语，用来表示完成某项活动，不能接不定式（to + V）。
They finished painting the house yesterday.
他们昨天完成了房子的粉刷。
EN： The word 'early' is used here as an adverb to modify the verb phrase 'finished doing her homework', indicating that the action was completed before the expected or usual time.
中文： 「early」在此处用作副词，修饰动词短语「finished doing her homework」，表示该动作比预期或通常的时间更早完成。
He arrived early for the meeting.
他提前到达了会议现场。
EN： The verb 'love' can be followed by a gerund (V-ing) to express a strong, general preference or enjoyment of an activity.
中文： 动词「love」（热爱/喜爱）后面可以接动名词（V-ing），用来表示对某项活动强烈且持续性的喜好或兴趣。
She loves playing the piano.
她热爱弹钢琴。
EN： The word 'watching' is a gerund acting as the direct object of the verb 'love'. It is followed by 'basketball games', which acts as the object of the gerund.
中文： 「watching」在此处为动名词，作为动词「love」的直接宾语。而「basketball games」则是该动名词的宾语，形成动名词短语。
He enjoys watching movies.
他喜欢看电影。
EN： Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the United States and many other countries. Expressing a love for watching sports games is a very common way to start a casual conversation or find common ground with others.
中文： 籃球是美國及許多國家最受歡迎的運動之一。表達自己熱愛觀看運動賽事，是日常社交中開啟話題、尋找共同興趣非常常見且實用的方式。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) functions as a noun and can be used as the subject of a sentence. It takes a singular verb.
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）具有名词的功能，可以用作句子的主语。其后须接单数动词。
Reading books expands your mind.
阅读书籍能开阔你的心胸。
EN： Noun Adjunct (Noun modifying another noun): The word 'summer' is a noun used as an adjective to modify the noun 'hobby', describing what kind of hobby it is.
中文： 名词作定语：单词「summer」（夏天）在此处作为形容词使用，用来修饰名词「hobby」（爱好），说明这是哪一种爱好。
He attends a winter camp every year.
他每年都参加冬令营。
EN： The verb 'mind' is followed by a gerund (V-ing) when expressing the action that someone might object to. In polite requests, 'Do you mind + V-ing...?' is used to ask for permission or help in a courteous manner.
中文： 动词「mind」（介意）后面必须接动名词（V-ing），用来表示某人可能反对或介意的行为。在礼貌的请求中，「Do you mind + V-ing...?」常用于客气地请求他人协助或许可。
Do you mind opening the window?
你介意开一下窗户吗？
EN： The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and the pattern 'with + noun' to specify the task or area in which assistance is being provided.
中文： 动词「help」（帮助）后面可接代词（宾格）并搭配「with + 名词」的结构，用来具体说明在某项特定任务或事情上提供协助。
Can you help me with my homework?
你能帮我做功课吗？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, asking 'Do you mind...?' is considered a very polite and indirect way to make a request, as it gives the other person an easy option to decline without being rude. Remember that answering 'No' means 'I don't mind (I will help you)', while 'Yes' means 'I do mind (I won't help you)'.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用「Do you mind...?」（你介意...嗎？）是一種非常禮貌且委婉的請求方式，因為它給予對方拒絕的空間，顯得不那麼強硬。需要特別注意的是，回答「No」代表「我不介意（我願意幫忙）」，而回答「Yes」則代表「我介意（我不方便幫忙）」。
EN： The pattern 'be interested in + noun/gerund' is used to express a hobby, passion, or curiosity about something. Since 'in' is a preposition, it must be followed by a noun or a gerund (V-ing).
中文： 句型「be interested in + 名词/动名词」用于表达对某事物的兴趣、爱好或好奇心。因为「in」是介词，后面必须接名词或动名词（V-ing）。
She is interested in learning photography.
她对学习摄影感兴趣。
EN： The verb 'learn' can be followed by an infinitive ('to' + base verb) to indicate acquiring the ability to perform an action.
中文： 动词「learn」（学习）后面可以接不定式（to + 原形动词），用来表示学习并掌握做某个动作的技能。
He wants to learn to play the piano.
他想要学习弹钢琴。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb (is).
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后面用单数动词（is）。
Reading books expands your mind.
阅读书籍能开阔你的心灵。
EN： Coordinate Adjectives: 'Fun' and 'relaxing' are adjectives connected by the coordinating conjunction 'and' to describe the subject. They share the same weight in the sentence.
中文： 并列形容词：'fun'（有趣的）与 'relaxing'（令人放松的）是借由并列连词 'and' 连接的形容词，用来修饰主语，两者在句子中具有相同的分量。
The movie was long and boring.
这部电影又长又无聊。
EN： The verb 'keep' is followed by a gerund (V-ing) to express the continuation of an action or state, meaning 'to continue doing something' or 'to do something repeatedly'.
中文： 动词「keep」后面接动名词（V-ing），表示持续进行某个动作或状态，意思是「持续做某事」或「重复做某事」。
She kept working despite being tired.
尽管很累，她还是继续工作。
EN： The phrase 'every single day' is an emphatic form of 'every day', used to emphasize that the action happens without exception, every day.
中文： 短语「every single day」是「every day」的强调形式，用来强调该动作毫无例外地每天都在发生。
I practice English every single day.
我每天都练习英语。
EN： The phrasal verb 'feel like' is used to express a desire or inclination for something at a particular moment. It is followed by a gerund (V-ing) or a noun.
中文： 动词短语「feel like」用来表达在特定时刻“想要”或“渴望”做某事。后面必须接动名词（V-ing）或名词。
I feel like going for a walk in the park.
我想去公园散步。
EN： Indefinite pronouns ending in -thing (like 'something', 'anything', 'nothing') are modified by adjectives that come *after* them, rather than before.
中文： 以 -thing 结尾的不定代词（如「something」、「anything」、「nothing」）在受到形容词修饰时，形容词必须放在代词的“后面”。
Do you have anything interesting to read?
你有什么有趣的东西可以读吗？
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (V-ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so the verb that follows must be singular (e.g., 'makes').
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（V-ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后续的动词必须使用单数形式（例如 'makes'）。
Reading books expands our knowledge.
阅读书籍能增长我们的知识。
EN： Causative Verb Pattern (make + object + adjective): The verb 'make' can be used to express causing a state or emotion. The structure is 'make + object + adjective', meaning to cause the object to be in that state.
中文： 使役动词句型（make + 宾语 + 形容词）：动词 'make' 可用于表达引起某种状态或情绪。结构为「make + 宾语 + 形容词」，表示使该宾语处于某种状态。
The good news made her happy.
这个好消息让她很高兴。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when expressing an activity that someone likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面必须接动名词（V-ing）作为宾语，用来表示喜欢进行某项活动。此处不能接不定式（to + V）。
They enjoy playing board games on rainy days.
他们喜欢在下雨天玩桌游。
EN： The phrase 'spend time' means to pass time doing something or being with someone. It is often followed by 'together' to emphasize shared experiences.
中文： 短语「spend time」表示「度过时间」或「花时间」做某事或与某人相处。常与「together」（一起）连用，以强调共同经历的时光。
We should spend more time together.
我们应该多花点时间在一起。
EN： The indefinite pronoun 'everyone' is grammatically singular. Therefore, the verb that follows it must take the third-person singular form (e.g., 'enjoys' with an -s).
中文： 不定代词「everyone」（每个人）在语法上视为单数。因此，其后接的动词必须使用单数第三人称形式（例如：动词 enjoy 要加上 -s 成为 enjoys）。
Everyone in the class has a textbook.
班上的每个人都有一本教科书。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is followed by a gerund (V-ing) as its object, not an infinitive (to V). In this sentence, 'doing' is the gerund acting as the object of 'enjoys'.
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面必须接动名词（V-ing）作为宾语，不能接不定式（to V）。在本句中，「doing」即为动名词，作为「enjoys」的宾语。
She enjoys playing the piano in her free time.
她空闲时喜欢弹钢琴。
EN： The verb 'love' can be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express a general preference or enjoyment of an activity. In this sentence, 'growing' is the gerund acting as the direct object of 'loves'.
中文： 动词「love」（喜爱）后面可以接动名词（V-ing）来表示对某项活动的普遍喜好或享受。在本句中，「growing」是动名词，作为「loves」的直接宾语。
She loves taking photos of sunsets.
她喜欢拍摄日落的照片。
EN： The simple present tense is used here to describe a habitual action or a permanent state. Because the subject 'My mom' is third-person singular, the verb 'love' takes the ending '-s' to become 'loves'.
中文： 此处使用一般现在时来描述习惯性的动作或恒常的状态。因为主语「My mom」（我妈妈）是第三人称单数，所以动词「love」要加上「-s」变成「loves」。
EN： In many English-speaking countries, gardening is a highly popular and therapeutic hobby. Having a 'small garden' or backyard is a common feature of suburban homes, and tending to flowers or vegetables is often associated with relaxation and family pride.
中文： 在許多英語系國家，園藝是一項非常受歡迎且具療癒效果的嗜好。擁有一個「小花園」或後院是郊區住宅的常見特色，而照料花草或蔬菜通常與放鬆身心及對家庭的歸屬感聯繫在一起。
EN： The phrase 'be good at' is a common idiom used to express proficiency or skill in a particular area. It is followed by a noun or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 短语「be good at」是表示在特定领域具有专长或擅长某事的常用短语。其后须接名词或动名词（动词-ing）。
She is good at playing the piano.
她很擅长弹钢琴。
EN： A gerund (verb-ing) is used after prepositions like 'at'. In this sentence, 'fixing' acts as the object of the preposition 'at'.
中文： 在介词（如「at」）之后，动词必须转为动名词（动词-ing）形式。在本句中，「fixing」作为介词「at」的宾语。
He is interested in learning new languages.
他对学习新语言很感兴趣。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is always followed by a gerund (V-ing) when expressing an action that someone likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面接动词时，必须使用动名词（V-ing）形式，不能接不定式（to + 动词）。
She enjoys reading novels in her free time.
她空闲时喜欢读小说。
EN： The simple present tense is used here to describe a regular habit or routine. Since 'My brother' is a third-person singular subject, the verb 'enjoy' takes the ending '-s' to become 'enjoys'.
中文： 此处使用现在简单式来描述规律的习惯或例行公事。因为主语「My brother」（我弟弟/哥哥）是第三人称单数，所以动词「enjoy」词尾要加「-s」变成「enjoys」。
EN： The verb 'like' can be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express a general preference or hobby. When expressing multiple hobbies, the gerunds should be parallel in form (e.g., 'drawing and writing').
中文： 动词「like」（喜欢）后面可以接动名词（V-ing）来表示一般的喜好或兴趣。当同时表达多个爱好时，动名词的结构应保持平行对称（例如：「drawing and writing」）。
She likes swimming and playing tennis on weekends.
她喜欢在周末游泳和打网球。
EN： Adjective order: When multiple adjectives describe a noun, they follow a general order. Here, 'short' (size) comes before 'funny' (opinion/observation) to modify the noun 'stories'.
中文： 形容词的顺序：当多个形容词修饰同一个名词时，通常遵循一定的排列顺序。在这里，「short」（长短/尺寸）放在「funny」（好笑的/主观意见）之前，共同修饰名词「stories」（故事）。
He wrote a short, interesting article.
他写了一篇短小且有趣的报道。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express liking an activity. This is a common pattern for verbs of liking or disliking.
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面必须接动名词（V-ing）作为宾语，用来表示享受某种活动。这是表示喜好的动词常见的用法。
They enjoy playing board games on rainy days.
他们喜欢在下雨天玩桌游。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'on weekends' is used to describe habits or regular activities that happen every weekend. It can be placed at the beginning or the end of a sentence.
中文： 介词短语「on weekends」用来描述每个周末固定会发生的习惯或活动。它可以放在句首或句尾，放在句首时通常会用逗号隔开。
On weekends, I usually sleep in.
在周末，我通常会睡懒觉。
EN： In many English-speaking cultures, cooking 'big meals' (like a Sunday roast or a large family dinner) on weekends is a traditional way for families and friends to gather, slow down, and connect after a busy work week.
中文： 在許多英語系國家的文化中，週末「煮大餐」（例如週日的烤肉大餐或豐盛的家庭晚餐）是家人與朋友相聚、放慢生活步調，並在忙碌工作一週後重新維繫感情的傳統方式。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It takes a singular verb.
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。后面须接单数动词。
Swimming is a great way to stay healthy.
游泳是保持健康的好方法。
EN： Prepositional Phrase as Modifier: The prepositional phrase 'before bed' acts as an adjective modifying the gerund 'Reading', specifying when the action takes place.
中文： 介词短语作修饰语：介词短语「before bed（睡前）」在此处作为状语使用，修饰动名词「Reading」，明确指出该动作发生的时间点。
A walk after dinner is very relaxing.
晚餐后散步非常令人放松。
EN： In many English-speaking cultures, establishing a 'bedtime routine' or 'quiet habit' before sleeping, such as reading a physical book, is highly valued for mental well-being and sleep hygiene, contrasting with the modern habit of looking at screens.
中文： 在許多英語系國家的文化中，建立「睡前儀式」或「安靜的習慣」（例如閱讀實體書）被認為對心理健康和睡眠衛生非常有益，這與現代人睡前看螢幕的習慣形成對比。
EN： The verb 'keep' is followed by a gerund (V-ing) to express that an action continues or is repeated. In this sentence, 'keeps practicing' means the action of practicing is done repeatedly or continuously.
中文： 动词「keep」后面接动名词（V-ing），用来表示某个动作持续进行或反复发生。在本句中，「keeps practicing」表示练习这个动作持续或反复地进行。
She keeps talking about her new job.
她一直聊着她的新工作。
EN： The verb 'practice' is also followed by a gerund (V-ing) when it takes an action as its object. Here, 'practicing the guitar' uses the gerund 'practicing' which itself takes 'the guitar' as its direct object.
中文： 动词「practice」（练习）后面接动作作为宾语时，必须使用动名词（V-ing）。在这里，「practicing the guitar」中，动名词「practicing」本身又带了「the guitar」作为其直接宾语。
He practices speaking English every day.
他每天练习说英文。
EN： A gerund phrase (verb-ing + object/modifier) can function as the singular subject of a sentence. In this sentence, 'Doing what we love' is the gerund phrase acting as the subject, which takes the singular verb 'makes'.
中文： 动名词短语（动词-ing + 宾语/修饰语）可以作为整个句子的单数主语。在本句中，「Doing what we love」（做我们热爱的事）是动名词短语担任主语，因此后面搭配单数动词「makes」。
Reading books in the morning helps me focus.
早上读书能帮助我集中注意力。
EN： The verb 'make' can be used as a causative verb followed by an object and an adjective (make + object + adjective) to describe causing someone or something to be in a certain state.
中文： 动词「make」可作为使役动词，后接「宾语 + 形容词」（make + 宾语 + 形容词），用来描述使某人或某事处于某种状态。
The good news made everyone happy.
这个好消息让每个人都很开心。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express pleasure in doing an activity. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面必须接动名词（V-ing）作为宾语，用来表示从事某项活动的乐趣。注意不能接不定式（to + V）。
I enjoy reading books in my free time.
我空闲时喜欢读书。
EN： In English, when addressing someone directly by name (vocative case), a comma is placed before the name at the end of the sentence.
中文： 在英语中，直接称呼某人名字（呼格）时，若名字放在句尾，前面必须加上逗号与句子主体隔开。
How are you feeling today, John?
约翰，你今天感觉怎么样？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, asking about someone's hobbies or what they enjoy doing is a very common and polite way to make small talk and build rapport, especially when getting to know someone.
中文： 在英語系國家中，詢問他人的興趣或喜歡做的事情是非常常見且禮貌的社交寒暄（small talk）方式，特別是在認識新朋友、建立關係時。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is transitively followed by a gerund (V-ing) as its object, not an infinitive (to V). When connecting multiple activities, parallel structure must be maintained (V-ing and V-ing).
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面必须接动名词（V-ing）作为宾语，不能接不定式（to V）。当连接多个活动时，必须保持平行结构，即「V-ing and V-ing」。
We enjoy listening to music and dancing.
我们喜欢听音乐和跳舞。
EN： The phrase 'take photos' uses the plural noun 'photos' to refer to the general activity of photography rather than taking one specific picture.
中文： 短语「take photos」（拍照）使用复数名词「photos」来泛指拍照这项活动，而非特指拍某一张照片。
She loves taking photos of nature.
她热爱拍摄大自然的照片。
EN： The phrase 'be good at' is used to express proficiency or skill in a particular activity. It is followed by a noun or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 短语「be good at」用来表示擅长某项活动或技能。后面必须接名词或动名词（V-ing）。
She is good at playing the piano.
她擅长弹钢琴。
EN： A gerund (verb-ing) is used after prepositions like 'at'. Here, 'fixing' acts as a noun representing the activity of repairing.
中文： 在介词（如「at」）之后，动词必须转为动名词（V-ing）形式。在此处，「fixing」作为名词，代表「修理」这项活动。
He is interested in learning new languages.
他对学习新语言感兴趣。
EN： Using gerunds (verb + -ing) as objects of the verb 'like'. A gerund functions as a noun, representing the activity itself.
中文： 使用动名词（动词 + -ing）作为动词「like」的宾语。动名词在句中当作名词使用，用来表示该项活动本身。
I prefer swimming to running.
比起跑步，我更喜欢游泳。
EN： The use of 'A or B more' in alternative questions to ask about a preference between two options.
中文： 在选择性疑问句中使用「A or B more」的结构，用来询问在两个选项中更偏好哪一个。
Do you like tea or coffee more?
你更喜欢茶还是咖啡？
EN： Gerunds (V-ing) as Objects and Subjects: A gerund is a verb ending in '-ing' that functions as a noun. In the first clause, 'dancing' acts as the direct object of the verb 'love'. In the second clause, 'singing' acts as the subject of the sentence.
中文： 动名词（V-ing）作宾语与主语：动名词是动词词尾加 -ing，使其具有名词的功能。在第一个从句中，'dancing' 作为动词 'love' 的直接宾语；在第二个从句中，'singing' 则作为该句的主语。
Swimming is fun, but I prefer running.
游泳很有趣，但我更喜欢跑步。
EN： Coordinating Conjunction 'but': The conjunction 'but' is used to connect two independent clauses that show a contrast or conflict. A comma is typically placed before 'but' when it connects two complete sentences.
中文： 并列连词 'but'：连词 'but' 用于连接两个表示对比或冲突的独立从句。当它连接两个完整的句子时，通常会在 'but' 前面加上逗号。
He wants to buy a car, but he doesn't have enough money.
他想买一辆车，但他没有足够的钱。
EN： The verb 'finish' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to indicate the completion of an activity. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「finish」（完成）后面必须接动名词（V-ing）来表示完成某项活动，不能接不定式（to + V）。
She finished doing her homework early.
她提早做完了功课。
EN： The Simple Past Tense is used to describe an action that was completed at a specific time in the past (in this case, 'today').
中文： 简单过去式用于描述在过去特定时间（在此句中为「today」今天）已经完成的动作。
They watched a movie yesterday.
他们昨天看了一部电影。
EN： Gerunds as Subjects: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb (e.g., 'is').
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后面接单数动词（例如 'is'）。
Reading books expands your mind.
阅读书籍能开阔你的心胸。
EN： Superlative Adjectives: The superlative form of 'good' is 'the best'. It is used to compare three or more things, indicating the highest degree of a quality.
中文： 最高级形容词：'good'（好的）的最高级形式是 'the best'（最好的）。它用于三个或以上的人或事物进行比较，表示某种特质达到最高程度。
This is the best movie I have ever seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
EN： The verb 'keep' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express the continuation of an action or state. It means to do something repeatedly or continuously.
中文： 动词「keep」后面接动名词（V-ing），用来表示某个动作或状态的持续。意思是“一直、持续做某事”。
She keeps practicing the piano every day.
她每天都坚持练习钢琴。
EN： The conjunction 'until' is used to connect an action with a point in time or an event when that action stops. In this sentence, it introduces an adverbial clause of time.
中文： 连词「until」（直到……为止）用来连接一个动作与该动作停止的时间点或事件。在此句子中，它引导一个时间状语从句。
We waited until the rain stopped.
我们一直等到雨停为止。
EN： The phrase 'get it right' is a very common idiomatic expression in English-speaking cultures, reflecting a mindset of perseverance, trial and error, and ultimate mastery.
中文： 片語「get it right」在英語系國家是非常常見的慣用語，反映了堅持不懈、反覆試錯並最終掌握訣竅的思維方式。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb (e.g., 'is').
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后面要接单数动词（例如 'is'）。
Reading books expands your mind.
阅读书籍能开阔你的心胸。
EN： Present Participle as Adjective (-ing adjective): Adjectives ending in '-ing' are used to describe the characteristic of a thing or situation that causes a certain feeling (e.g., 'exciting' means something makes you feel excited).
中文： 现在分词作形容词（-ing 形容词）：以 '-ing' 结尾的形容词用来描述事物或情境本身具有的特征，意为「令人感到……的」（例如 'exciting' 表示某事令人感到兴奋）。
Traveling to new places is always interesting.
去新的地方旅行总是很有趣。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so the verb that follows must agree with it (e.g., 'makes' with an 's').
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后续的动词必须使用单数形式（例如：'makes' 加上 's'）。
Reading books expands our knowledge.
阅读书籍能拓展我们的知识。
EN： Make + Object + Adjective (Causative/Resultative): The verb 'make' can be followed by an object and an adjective to describe the state or change of state caused by the action.
中文： Make + 宾语 + 形容词（使役/结果用法）：动词 'make' 后面可以接一个宾语和一个形容词，用来描述该动作所导致的状态或状态变化。
The warm weather makes me sleepy.
温暖的天气让我昏昏欲睡。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 业余爱好、嗜好
在本文中： 感兴趣的
在本文中： 令人轻松的、使人放松的
在本文中： 练习、训练
在本文中： 修理、修补
在本文中： 习惯
在本文中： 令人兴奋的、使人激动的
在本文中： 更亲近的、关系更密切的
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To be able to do something well; proficient in an activity.
擅长于...
To continue doing an activity repeatedly to improve skills.
持续练习
To have a desire or inclination for something.
想要、想要做...
To pass time in a specific way or with a particular person.
度过时间、花时间