EN： The verb 'enjoy' is transitively followed by a gerund (V-ing) as its direct object, not an infinitive (to V). This pattern is used to express pleasure in performing an action.
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面必须接动名词（V-ing）作为其直接宾语，而不能接不定式（to V）。此句型用于表达从事某项活动中获得乐趣。
She enjoys reading novels in her free time.
她空闲时喜欢读小说。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'on weekends' (or 'on the weekend') is used as an adverbial of time to indicate a regular, recurring activity that happens every weekend.
中文： 介词短语「on weekends」（在周末）用作时间状语，表示每逢周末固定会发生的习惯性或规律性活动。
They usually go hiking on weekends.
他们通常在周末去健行。
EN： Badminton is an extremely popular recreational and competitive sport in many Asian countries, often played in local community centers or school gyms on weekends. In English-speaking countries, while popular, sports like tennis or soccer sometimes receive more media coverage, but badminton remains a favorite backyard and club sport.
中文： 羽毛球在許多亞洲國家是非常受歡迎的休閒與競技運動，人們常在週末聚集於社區中心或學校體育館打球。在英語系國家，雖然網球或足球等運動可能獲得較多媒體關注，但羽毛球仍是十分受歡迎的庭院及俱樂部運動。
EN： The phrase 'be good at' is a common idiom used to express proficiency or skill in a particular activity. It is followed by a noun or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 短语“be good at”（擅长于……）是用来表示在特定活动中具有技巧或能力。其后必须接名词或动名词（V-ing）。
She is good at playing the piano.
她擅长弹钢琴。
EN： The preposition 'in' is used with 'the pool' to indicate being inside the physical boundaries of the swimming pool.
中文： 介词“in”与“the pool”连用，表示在游泳池这个空间的内部范围里。
They are playing in the park.
他们正在公园里玩耍。
EN： The verb 'finish' is transitively followed by a gerund (V-ing) when expressing the completion of an activity. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + V).
中文： 动词「finish」（完成）后面若要接另一个动作作为宾语，必须使用动名词（V-ing）形式，不可接不定式（to + V）。
They finished painting the house yesterday.
他们昨天完成了房子的粉刷。
EN： Possessive adjectives (such as 'her', 'my', 'his') are used before nouns to show ownership or association. In this sentence, 'her' indicates that the 'first race' belongs to or was run by her.
中文： 所有格形容词（如「her」她的、「my」我的、「his」他的）置于名词前，用来表示所有权或关联性。在本句中，「her」表示这场「第一次赛跑」是属于她、由她所参与的。
He lost his keys at the park.
他在公园弄丢了他的钥匙。
EN： The verb 'love' can be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express a general preference or enjoyment of an activity. In this sentence, 'watching' is the gerund acting as the direct object of 'love'.
中文： 动词「love」（喜爱）后面可以接动名词（动词-ing）来表示对某活动的普遍喜好或享受。在本句中，「watching」是动名词，作为「love」的直接宾语。
She loves playing the piano in her free time.
她喜欢在空闲时间弹钢琴。
EN： The preposition 'on' is used when referring to shows, sports, or programs broadcasted via electronic media devices like 'TV', 'the radio', or 'the internet'.
中文： 介词「on」用于指称通过电子媒体设备（如「TV」电视、「the radio」收音机或「the internet」网络）播放的节目、运动赛事或内容。
I heard that interesting story on the radio.
我是在收音机里听到那个有趣的故事。
EN： In American English, 'soccer' refers to the sport played with a round ball using feet, while 'football' refers to American football. In British English and most other parts of the world, the sport is called 'football'.
中文： 在美式英文中，「soccer」指的是用腳踢圓球的足球運動，而「football」則指美式美式足球（橄欖球）。在英式英文及世界大多數其他地區，這項運動被稱為「football」。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so the verb that follows must be in the singular form (e.g., 'keeps').
中文： 动名词当主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后面的动词必须使用单数形式（例如：'keeps'）。
Swimming in the pool is my favorite exercise.
在泳池里游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
EN： The causative/resultative structure 'keep + object + adjective': This pattern is used to express that someone or something causes the object to remain in a certain state or condition.
中文： 「keep + 宾语 + 形容词」的结构：此句型用于表示某人或某事物使宾语持续保持在某种状态或情况中。
Eating vegetables keeps her healthy.
吃蔬菜让她保持健康。
EN： In Western culture, morning jogging is a very common lifestyle habit associated with self-discipline, physical fitness, and mental well-being. The word 'fit' in English-speaking countries often implies being toned and healthy, rather than just thin.
中文： 在西方文化中，晨跑是一種非常普遍的生活習慣，常與自律、身體健康和心理健康聯繫在一起。在英語系國家，'fit' 這個字通常意味著身材結實且健康，而不僅僅是「瘦」。
EN： The verb 'mind' is typically followed by a gerund (V-ing) when expressing the action that someone might object to. It is commonly used in polite requests and questions.
中文： 动词“mind”（介意）后面通常接动名词（V-ing），用来表示某人可能会反对或介意的行为。这常用于礼貌的请求和询问中。
Do you mind opening the window?
你介意开一下窗户吗？
EN： The possessive determiner 'our' is used before a noun to show that something belongs to or is associated with the speaker and one or more other people.
中文： 所有格限定词“our”（我们的）用于名词前，表示某物属于说话者及其他一人或多人，或与其相关。
This is our new office.
这是我们的新办公室。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, asking 'Do you mind...?' is a very polite and common way to make a request or invitation, as it gives the other person an easy way to decline. Note that to agree to the request, the response is usually negative (e.g., 'No, not at all' or 'Sure, I'd love to'), meaning 'I do not mind'.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用「Do you mind...?」（你介意...嗎？）是一種非常禮貌且常見的請求或邀請方式，因為這給予了對方拒絕的空間。需要特別注意的是，如果要答應對方的請求，回答通常會是否定的（例如：「No, not at all」不，一點也不介意，或「Sure, I'd love to」當然，我很樂意），表示「我不介意」。
EN： The phrase 'be interested in' is used to express a feeling of wanting to give your attention to something or learn more about it. Since 'in' is a preposition, it must be followed by a noun, pronoun, or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 短语“be interested in”（对……感兴趣）用于表达想要关注某事或进一步了解它。因为“in”是介词，后面必须接名词、代词或动名词（动词-ing）。
She is interested in learning photography.
她对学习摄影感兴趣。
EN： A gerund (verb + -ing) functions as a noun in a sentence. In this sentence, 'learning' is a gerund acting as the object of the preposition 'in'.
中文： 动名词（动词 + -ing）在句子中具有名词的功能。在本句中，“learning”是一个动名词，作为介词“in”的宾语。
He enjoys playing tennis.
他喜欢打网球。
EN： Yoga has become extremely popular in Western countries as a form of exercise and mindfulness. Expressing interest in learning yoga is a common way to initiate social conversations about wellness and lifestyle.
中文： 瑜珈在西方國家作為一種健身和正念練習方式非常流行。表達對學習瑜珈的興趣，是開啟關於健康與生活方式社交話題的常見方式。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb (e.g., 'is').
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后面要接单数动词（例如 'is'）。
Swimming is a great way to stay healthy.
游泳是保持健康的好方法。
EN： Prepositions of Time: 'Before' is used as a preposition followed by a noun (e.g., 'sports') to indicate that an action happens prior to that event.
中文： 时间介词：'before'（在...之前）作为介词使用，后面接名词（例如 'sports'），用来表示某个动作在该事件或活动之前发生。
Wash your hands before dinner.
晚餐前要洗手。
EN： In Western sports culture, 'stretching' and warming up are highly emphasized from a young age in school physical education to prevent injuries and promote lifelong physical wellness.
中文： 在西方運動文化中，學校體育課從小就非常強調「伸展」與暖身運動，這被視為預防運動傷害及推廣終身健康觀念的重要一環。
EN： The verb 'keep' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express that an action continues or is repeated. It means to do something repeatedly or continuously.
中文： 动词「keep」后面接动名词（V-ing），用来表示某个动作持续进行或反复发生，意为「一直做某事」。
She keeps studying until late at night.
她一直读书到深夜。
EN： A possessive determiner (such as 'his', 'her', 'my') is used before a noun to show ownership or association. In this sentence, 'his' indicates that the free throws belong to or are performed by him.
中文： 所有格限定词（如「his」、「her」、「my」）置于名词前，用来表示所有权或关联性。在本句中，「his」表示这些罚球是由他所投的。
Ryan lost his basketball yesterday.
莱恩昨天弄丢了他的篮球。
EN： In basketball, a 'free throw' (also known as a foul shot) is an uncontested shot taken from the free throw line. Practicing free throws is a fundamental part of basketball training, emphasizing discipline and repetition.
中文： 在籃球運動中，「free throw」（罰球）是指在罰球線後、無人防守的情況下進行的投籃。練習罰球是籃球訓練中非常基礎且重要的一部分，強調紀律與反覆練習。
EN： The phrasal verb 'feel like' is used to express a desire or inclination for something at a particular moment. It is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) or a noun.
中文： 短语动词“feel like”用来表达在特定时刻想要做某事或有某种意愿。其后须接动名词（V-ing）或名词。
I feel like having some ice cream after dinner.
我晚餐后想吃点冰淇淋。
EN： A gerund (verb-ing) acts as a noun in a sentence. In this sentence, 'riding' is the gerund serving as the object of the prepositional phrase 'feel like'.
中文： 动名词（V-ing）在句子中具有名词的功能。在本句中，“riding”是动名词，作为介词短语“feel like”的宾语。
She enjoys reading novels in her free time.
她空闲时喜欢读小说。
EN： In English-speaking countries, 'riding a bike' (cycling) is not only a popular sport but also a common leisure activity and eco-friendly way of commuting. Expressing spontaneous desires using 'I feel like...' is very common in daily casual conversations.
中文： 在英語系國家，「騎腳踏車」（cycling）不僅是一項熱門運動，也是非常普遍的休閒活動與環保通勤方式。在日常隨性的對話中，使用「I feel like...」來表達當下突如其來的想法或渴望是非常道地的用法。
EN： Gerunds (verb-ing) can function as nouns and serve as the subject of a sentence. When a gerund is the subject, it takes a singular verb.
中文： 动名词（动词-ing）可以作为名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。当动名词作主语时，动词须使用单数形式。
Swimming keeps us healthy.
游泳让我们保持健康。
EN： The causative verb 'make' can be followed by an object and a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') to express causing someone to experience a certain feeling or perform an action.
中文： 使役动词 'make' 后面可以接宾语和原形动词（不带 to 的动词），用来表示让某人产生某种感觉或做出某种行为。
Music makes me feel relaxed.
音乐让我感到放松。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It takes a singular verb.
中文： 动名词当主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后面搭配单数动词。
Eating vegetables is good for you.
吃蔬菜对你有好处。
EN： The Adjective Phrase 'be good for': This pattern is used to indicate that something has a beneficial effect on a person, object, or situation.
中文： 形容词短语「be good for」：此句型用于表示某事对某人、某物或某种情况有益处或好处。
Regular exercise is good for your heart.
规律运动对你的心脏有益。
EN： The pronoun 'everyone' is an indefinite pronoun. In English, indefinite pronouns ending in -one, -body, or -thing (such as everyone, everybody, everything) are grammatically singular and must be followed by a singular verb (e.g., 'enjoys' with an -s).
中文： 代词「everyone」（每个人）是不定代词。在英文中，以 -one、-body 或 -thing 结尾的不定代词（如 everyone、everybody、everything）在语法上皆视为单数，因此后面必须接单数动词（例如加了 -s 的「enjoys」）。
Everyone in the office wants to go home early.
办公室里的每个人都想早点回家。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is always followed by a gerund (V-ing) when expressing an action that someone likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面若要接动作，必须使用动名词（V-ing）。不能接不定式（to + 动词）。
She enjoys reading novels before going to bed.
她喜欢在睡前看小说。
EN： The verb 'love' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to express a general preference or enjoyment of an activity. 'Playing' acts as the direct object of the verb 'love'.
中文： 动词「love」（喜爱）后面常接动名词（V-ing）形式，用来表示对某活动的持续喜爱或兴趣。在这里，「playing」作为动词「love」的直接宾语。
I love reading books in the library.
我喜欢在图书馆读书。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'after school' functions as an adverbial phrase of time, indicating when the action of playing basketball takes place.
中文： 介词短语「after school」（放学后）在此作为时间状语短语，用来修饰主要动作，说明打篮球的时间点。
They usually go to the park after school.
他们通常在放学后去公园。
EN： In many English-speaking countries, participating in after-school sports or clubs is a very common part of student life, fostering teamwork and social connections outside the classroom.
中文： 在許多英語系國家，參與課後體育活動或社團是學生生活非常重要的一部分，這不僅能鍛鍊身體，還能培養團隊合作精神並建立課堂外的社交圈。
EN： The phrase 'be good at' is used to express proficiency in a certain activity. It must be followed by a noun or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 短语「be good at」（擅长于……）用来表示在某项活动上表现出色。介词「at」后面必须接名词或动名词（V-ing）。
He is good at playing the guitar.
他擅长弹吉他。
EN： The adverbial phrase 'a lot' is used to modify verbs, meaning 'frequently' or 'to a great degree'. It usually comes at the end of the clause.
中文： 副词短语「a lot」用来修饰动词，表示「经常」或「非常、很多」。它通常放在从句的句尾。
My brother travels a lot for his job.
我哥哥因为工作的关系经常出差。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is always followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when expressing an activity that someone likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面接动词时，必须使用动名词（V-ing）形式，不能接不定式（to + V）。这用来表示享受某项活动或爱好。
They enjoy playing soccer after school.
他们喜欢在放学后踢足球。
EN： The causative verb 'make' can be followed by an object and an adjective (make + object + adjective) to describe how someone or something causes a change in state or emotion.
中文： 使役动词「make」后面可以接「宾语 + 形容词」（make + 宾语 + 形容词），用来描述某人或某事如何引发状态或情绪上的改变。
This music makes me relaxed.
这音乐让我感到放松。
EN： The verb 'keep' is followed by a gerund (V-ing) to express that an action continues or is repeated. In this sentence, 'keeps getting' means the action of becoming faster is ongoing.
中文： 动词「keep」后面接动名词（V-ing），用来表示某个动作持续进行或不断重复。在本句中，「keeps getting」表示「变得更快」的这个状态持续在发生。
She keeps practicing the piano every day.
她每天都坚持练习钢琴。
EN： The verb 'get' can function as a linking verb meaning 'to become', which is often followed by a comparative adjective (e.g., 'faster') to show a gradual change in state.
中文： 动词「get」可作为系动词，意思是「变得」，后面常接比较级形容词（例如「faster」），用来表示状态的渐进式改变。
The weather is getting colder.
天气正变得越来越冷。
EN： Gerunds (V-ing) as Subjects: A gerund is a verb ending in '-ing' that functions as a noun. When used as the subject of a sentence, it takes a singular verb.
中文： 动名词（V-ing）当主语：动名词是由动词词尾加上 -ing 转变而来，其功能相当于名词。当动名词作为句子的主语时，后面须接单数动词。
Swimming is a great way to stay healthy.
游泳是保持健康的一种极佳方式。
EN： The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). Both 'helps us avoid' and 'helps us to avoid' are grammatically correct.
中文： 动词 help（帮助）的用法：后面接宾语（受格）后，可接省略 to 的不定式（原形动词）或接带有 to 的不定式。因此 'helps us avoid' 与 'helps us to avoid' 皆为正确用法。
This app helps me organize my daily schedule.
这个应用程序帮助我规划每日行程。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb (e.g., 'is').
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后面要接单数动词（例如 'is'）。
Eating vegetables is good for your health.
多吃蔬菜对你的健康有益。
EN： Adjective Modifier 'Enough': 'Enough' can be used as an adjective to modify nouns, meaning 'as much as necessary'. It is placed directly before the noun it modifies (e.g., 'enough water').
中文： 形容词“足够的”用法：'Enough' 可作为形容词来修饰名词，表示“足够的、充足的”。它通常直接放在所修饰的名词前面（例如 'enough water'）。
We have enough time to finish the project.
我们有足够的时间来完成这个项目。
EN： In Western sports culture, staying hydrated (often referred to as 'hydration') is highly emphasized by coaches and fitness experts. It is common for athletes and gym-goers to carry reusable water bottles everywhere to ensure they drink enough water before, during, and after exercise.
中文： 在西方運動文化中，保持水分（通常稱為 'hydration'）受到教練和健身專家的高度重視。運動員和健身愛好者隨身攜帶環保水壺，以確保在運動前、中、後補充足夠的水分，這是一種非常普遍的習慣。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as the noun subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so the verb that follows must agree with it (e.g., 'makes' with an -s).
中文： 动名词当主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以作为句子的名词主语。它被视为单数名词，因此后面的动词必须与其一致（例如，使用单数动词 'makes'）。
Swimming regularly keeps us healthy.
规律游泳让我们保持健康。
EN： Make + Object + Adjective (Causative Structure): The verb 'make' can be used to express causation, meaning 'to cause someone or something to become'. It is followed by an object and an adjective that describes the state of the object.
中文： Make + 宾语 + 形容词（使役结构）：动词 'make' 可用于表示因果关系，意思是「使某人或某事变得...」。后面接一个宾语和一个用来描述该宾语状态的形容词。
Studying hard makes her confident.
努力学习让她充满自信。
EN： In English-speaking sports culture, the concept of 'teamwork' and 'team spirit' is highly valued from a young age. Phrases like 'as a team' emphasize collaboration, mutual support, and collective success over individual achievement.
中文： 在英語系國家的體育文化中，從小就非常重視「團隊合作」（teamwork）與「團隊精神」（team spirit）。像 'as a team' 這樣的表達方式，強調的是合作、互相支持以及集體成功，而非僅僅是個人成就。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb.
中文： 动名词当主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词在语法上视为单数，因此后面须接单数动词。
Eating vegetables is good for your health.
多吃蔬菜对你的健康有益。
EN： The 'keep + object + adjective' structure: The verb 'keep' can be followed by an object and an adjective to describe causing the object to remain in a certain state.
中文： 「keep + 宾语 + 形容词」结构：动词 keep 后面可以接一个宾语和一个形容词，用来描述使该宾语保持在某种状态。
Please keep the door open.
请保持门开着。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, there is a strong emphasis on holistic health, which views physical fitness ('bodies') and mental well-being ('minds') as interconnected. This is reflected in the common phrase 'bodies and minds'.
中文： 在英語系國家的文化中，非常強調「身心靈整體健康」（holistic health），認為身體健康（bodies）與心理健康（minds）是緊密相連的。這反映在常見的片語「bodies and minds」中。
EN： Wh-questions with 'what' as a determiner: In this sentence, 'what' acts as a determiner modifying the noun 'sport' to ask for specific information. The auxiliary verb 'do' is used before the subject 'you' to form the question in the simple present tense.
中文： 以 'what' 作为限定词的特殊疑问句：在此句子中，'what' 作为限定词修饰名词 'sport'，用以询问特定信息。助动词 'do' 置于主语 'you' 之前，以构成一般现在时的疑问句。
What books do you read?
你读什么书？
EN： The verb 'enjoy' followed by a direct object: The transitive verb 'enjoy' means to take pleasure in something. It can be followed directly by a noun (like 'sport') or a gerund (V-ing) to indicate the activity that brings pleasure.
中文： 动词 'enjoy' 后接直接宾语：及物动词 'enjoy' 表示享受或喜欢某事。其后可以直接接名词（如 'sport'）或动名词（V-ing），用以表示带来乐趣的活动。
I enjoy music.
我喜欢音乐。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, asking about someone's favorite sports or hobbies is a very common and friendly way to make small talk and build rapport, especially in casual or social settings.
中文： 在英語系國家中，詢問他人喜好的運動或興趣是非常常見且友善的閒聊（small talk）方式，特別適合用於非正式或社交場合來建立良好關係。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is always followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when expressing an action that someone likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「enjoy」（享受/喜欢）后面若接动作，必须使用动名词（V-ing），不能接不定式（to + V）。
She enjoys reading novels in her free time.
她空闲时喜欢读小说。
EN： Parallel structure with coordinating conjunctions: When connecting two activities with 'and', both elements must share the same grammatical form. Here, both 'dancing' and 'playing' are gerunds.
中文： 并列连词的平行结构：当使用「and」连接两个活动时，两者的语法结构必须一致。在此句中，「dancing」与「playing」皆为动名词形式。
He likes swimming and riding his bike on weekends.
他周末喜欢游泳和骑自行车。
EN： The phrase 'be good at' is a common idiom used to express proficiency or skill in a particular activity. The preposition 'at' must be followed by a noun or a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 短语「be good at」是用来表示擅长某活动的常用表达方式。介词「at」后面必须接名词或动名词（V-ing）。
She is good at playing the piano.
她很擅长弹钢琴。
EN： A gerund (verb-ing) functions as a noun in a sentence. In this sentence, 'jumping' is a gerund acting as the object of the preposition 'at'.
中文： 动名词（动词词尾加 -ing）在句子中具有名词的功能。在本句中，「jumping」是一个动名词，作为介词「at」的宾语。
Swimming is great exercise.
游泳是很好的运动。
EN： In American English, 'jumping rope' is the common term, whereas in British English, it is more frequently referred to as 'skipping'. It is a popular playground game as well as a common fitness workout.
中文： 在美式英語中，通常使用「jumping rope」來表示跳繩，而在英式英語中，則更常用「skipping」。跳繩既是學校操場上受歡迎的遊戲，也是一種常見的健身運動。
EN： Gerunds (verb + -ing) function as nouns. In this sentence, 'swimming' and 'running' are gerunds acting as the direct objects of the verb 'like'.
中文： 动名词（动词 + -ing）在句中当作名词使用。在本句中，「swimming」（游泳）与「running」（跑步）为动名词，作为动词「like」的直接宾语。
She prefers cycling to walking.
比起走路，她更喜欢骑自行车。
EN： The structure 'A or B more' is used in alternative questions to ask someone to choose their preference between two options.
中文： 「A or B more」的结构用于选择疑问句中，用来询问对方在两个选项中较偏好哪一个。
Do you like tea or coffee more?
你更喜欢茶还是咖啡？
EN： Gerunds (verb + -ing) can function as nouns in a sentence. In this sentence, 'swimming' acts as the direct object of the verb 'love', and 'running' acts as the subject of the clause 'running is harder'.
中文： 动名词（动词 + -ing）在句子中可以作名词使用。在本句中，“swimming”（游泳）作为动词“love”（热爱）的直接宾语，而“running”（跑步）则作为从句“running is harder”的主语。
Swimming is great exercise, and I love cycling too.
游泳是很好的运动，我也热爱骑自行车。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'but' is used to connect two independent clauses that show a contrast. A comma is typically placed before 'but' when it connects two complete sentences.
中文： 并列连词“but”（但是）用于连接两个表示对比的独立分句。当它连接两个完整的句子时，通常会在“but”之前加上逗号。
I want to go for a run, but it is raining outside.
我想去跑步，但外面正在下雨。
EN： The verb 'finish' is followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when expressing the completion of an activity. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 动词「finish」（完成）后面必须接动名词（V-ing）作为宾语，用来表示完成某项活动，不能接不定式（to + V）。
She finished writing the report last night.
她昨晚完成了报告的撰写。
EN： In English, units of measurement like 'kilometers' can be modified by a number (ten) to express distance. When used as a noun phrase acting as the object of the gerund 'cycling', it specifies the extent of the action.
中文： 在英文中，像「kilometers」（公里）这样的度量单位可以用数字（ten）来修饰以表示距离。在此处作为动名词「cycling」的宾语，用来具体说明骑车的距离。
He ran five miles this morning.
他今天早上跑了五英里。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so the verb that follows must agree with it in the singular form (e.g., 'feels').
中文： 动名词当主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后面的动词必须使用单数形式（例如 'feels'）。
Running every day keeps you healthy.
每天跑步能让你保持健康。
EN： Linking Verb + Adjective: The verb 'feel' is a linking verb (copula) used to describe a state or sensation. It is followed directly by an adjective (e.g., 'great') rather than an adverb to describe the subject.
中文： 系动词 + 形容词：动词 'feel'（感觉）是一个系动词，用于描述状态或感觉。其后直接接形容词（如 'great'）而非副词，用来修饰主语的状态。
Taking a hot bath feels relaxing.
泡个热水澡感觉很放松。
EN： In Western wellness and fitness culture, morning stretching is highly emphasized as a healthy habit to wake up the body and improve flexibility. It is often associated with mindfulness and starting the day with positive energy.
中文： 在西方的健康與健身文化中，晨間伸展被視為喚醒身體和提高柔軟度的極佳健康習慣。這通常與正念（mindfulness）以及用積極的能量開啟新的一天聯繫在一起。
EN： The verb 'keep' is followed by a gerund (V-ing) to express the continuation of an action. In this sentence, 'keeps trying' means to continue attempting something without stopping.
中文： 动词“keep”后面接动名词（V-ing），用来表示持续进行某个动作。在本句中，“keeps trying”表示不间地持续尝试。
She keeps practicing the piano every day.
她每天都持续练习弹钢琴。
EN： 'Until' is used as a conjunction to connect two clauses, indicating that an action continues up to a specific point in time or event. In the clause 'until he scores', the present simple tense is used to refer to a future event after a time conjunction.
中文： “until”作为连词，用来连接两个分句，表示某个动作一直持续到特定的时间点或事件发生为止。在分句“until he scores”中，时间连词后面使用一般现在时来表示将来会发生的事件。
We will wait here until it stops raining.
我们会在这里一直等到雨停为止。
EN： In sports and personal growth contexts, 'keep trying until you score' reflects the value of perseverance and determination, which is highly celebrated in Western sports culture (often summarized as 'never give up').
中文： 在運動和個人成長的語境中，「持續嘗試直到得分」反映了西方運動文化中非常看重的「堅持不懈」與「決心」的精神（通常被總結為「永不放棄」）。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb (is).
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后面用单数动词（is）。
Swimming in the ocean is exciting.
在海里游泳是令人兴奋的。
EN： Superlative Adjective: 'The best' is the superlative form of the adjective 'good'. It is used to compare three or more things, or to express that something is the absolute highest in quality or degree.
中文： 最高级形容词：「The best」是形容词「good」（好的）的最高级形式。用于三者或以上的比较，或是用来表达某事物在品质或程度上是绝对第一的。
This is the best coffee I have ever tasted.
这是我喝过最棒的咖啡。
EN： In Western culture, group fitness and exercising with friends (often called 'workout buddies') is highly encouraged as a social activity that promotes motivation, accountability, and mental well-being.
中文： 在西方文化中，團體健身或與朋友一起運動（通常被稱為「workout buddies」運動夥伴）是非常受到推崇的社交活動。這不僅能提升運動的動力與持續性，也對心理健康有很大的幫助。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so the verb that follows must agree with a singular subject (e.g., 'makes').
中文： 动名词作主语：动名词（动词 + -ing）可以当作名词使用，并在句子中担任主语。动名词主语视为单数，因此后续的动词必须使用单数形式（例如 'makes'）。
Staying healthy requires regular exercise.
保持健康需要规律的运动。
EN： Causative Verb 'Make' with Bare Infinitive: The verb 'make' can function as a causative verb meaning 'to cause to be or do'. When followed by an object and another verb, the second verb must be in its base form (bare infinitive), as in 'makes us feel'.
中文： 使役动词 'Make' 搭配不带to的不定式：动词 'make' 可作为使役动词，表示“使、让”。当后面接宾语（受格）与另一个动词时，第二个动词必须使用不带to的不定式，如 'makes us feel'。
The sad movie made me cry.
那部悲伤的电影让我哭了。
EN： In Western culture, 'feeling alive' is a common idiom associated with physical activity, nature, and stepping out of one's comfort zone. It emphasizes the mental and emotional well-being that comes from physical health, reflecting a holistic view of wellness.
中文： 在西方文化中，「feeling alive」（感到充滿活力/活著的感覺）是一個常見的成語，通常與體育活動、大自然以及走出舒適圈有關。它強調了身體健康所帶來的心理和情感上的幸福感，反映了一種全方位的健康觀念。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 精力充沛的，充满活力的
在本文中： 活跃的，积极运动的
在本文中： 拉伸，伸展运动
在本文中： 练习，训练
在本文中： 避免，防止
在本文中： 运动，锻炼
在本文中： 骑自行车运动
在本文中： 健康的
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
To be able to do something well; to be skilled in a particular activity.
擅长于...
To have a desire for something or to want to do something at a particular moment.
想要、想要做...
An unhindered shot at the basket from a line established for that purpose, awarded after a foul.
（篮球中的）罚球
To play or exercise by jumping over a rope that is being swung under one's feet and over one's head.
跳绳