VW plans to cut up to 100,000 jobs and shut plants, report saysรายงานเผย VW เล็งเลิกจ้างสูงสุด 100,000 ตำแหน่ง และปิดโรงงาน
ตัวอย่างเสียงทั้งหมด
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EN: The adverb 'reportedly' is used to indicate that something is rumored or stated by others, though it may not be officially confirmed. It often modifies the main verb or the entire action.
The tech giant is reportedly developing a new artificial intelligence model.
EN: The phrase 'up to' is used before a number to indicate a maximum limit or amount, meaning 'as many as' or 'no more than'.
The stadium can hold up to 50,000 people for concerts.
EN: Volkswagen is one of Germany's most iconic and largest employers. In Germany's social market economy, major job cuts of this scale are highly sensitive and usually involve intense negotiations with powerful labor unions (works councils), making this restructuring plan a major national news event.
EN: The modal verb 'may' is used to express possibility in the present or future. It is followed by the base form of the verb (in this case, 'reduce' and 'stop').
The company may launch a new electric model next year.
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'or' is used to connect two alternative verbs, 'reduce' and 'stop', which share the same object 'production'.
You can call or email us to get more information.
EN: The term 'German automotive giant' here refers to Volkswagen, which is not only Germany's largest carmaker but also a symbol of the country's industrial strength. The mention of reducing production or closing factories in Germany is highly significant, as Volkswagen has historically avoided domestic factory closures due to strong labor union influence and state government ownership.
EN: The first conditional structure 'If + present simple, ... would be + -ing' is a variation of the conditional sentence. Here, 'would be doubling' is used instead of 'will double' to express a hypothetical outcome in a more tentative or continuous tone, reflecting what would happen if the condition in the present/future is met.
If the storm continues, we would be canceling the outdoor event tomorrow.
EN: The past participle clause 'previously announced' acts as an adjective modifying the noun phrase 'the staff reductions'. It is a shortened form of the relative clause 'that/which were previously announced'.
The budget cuts previously announced will take effect next month.
EN: In German corporate culture, major decisions like mass layoffs (especially at a national icon like Volkswagen) involve intense negotiations with powerful works councils (Betriebsrat) and trade unions (like IG Metall). The mention of 'staff reductions' and 'restructuring' reflects the ongoing tension between traditional industrial employment and the rapid transition to electric vehicles (EVs) in Europe.
EN: The adverb 'currently' is used to describe an action or state happening now. In present simple tense sentences, it is typically placed before the main verb (employs) or after the auxiliary verb.
The company currently operates three factories in Germany.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'across all of...' is used to indicate that something applies to every part of a group, area, or system.
The new policy will be implemented across all of our branches.
EN: Volkswagen is one of the world's largest automakers. The mention of 'all of its brands' refers to the Volkswagen Group's multi-brand strategy, which includes volume brands like Volkswagen and Skoda, as well as luxury brands like Audi and Bentley.
EN: The verb 'include' is a transitive verb used to list components or members of a larger group. It is followed directly by the noun or list of nouns being included, without any preposition.
The price of the tour includes breakfast and dinner.
EN: The demonstrative adjective 'these' is used before plural countable nouns (like 'brands') to refer to things that are close in time or distance, or have just been mentioned in the context.
These books belong to the library.
EN: The brands listed here represent the diverse portfolio of the Volkswagen Group, ranging from volume passenger cars (Skoda, Seat) to premium/sports brands (Audi, Cupra) and luxury vehicles (Bentley). This demonstrates the German automotive giant's extensive reach across different market segments in Europe and globally.
EN: Present Perfect Passive Voice ('has been' + past participle): Used to describe an action that started in the past and has a connection to the present, focusing on the receiver of the action rather than the doer.
The local library has been renovated by the community.
EN: Passive Voice with 'by': The preposition 'by' is used to introduce the agent (the person or thing) that performs the action in a passive sentence.
The novel was written by a famous author.
นวนิยายเรื่องนี้เขียนโดยนักเขียนชื่อดังคนหนึ่ง
EN: The sentence highlights the intense global competition in the automotive industry, particularly the rise of Chinese electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers in Europe. This shift is challenging traditional European giants like Germany's Volkswagen, forcing them to undergo major structural changes.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense ('have/has + past participle') is used here to describe an action that happened in the past but has a strong relevance or impact on the present situation.
The company has developed a new battery technology.
EN: The collocation 'make progress' means to improve or move forward. It is often paired with the preposition 'in' to specify the area of improvement (e.g., 'progress in Europe').
We have made significant progress in our research.
EN: The sentence highlights the rapid rise of Chinese electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers in Europe, which has posed a significant challenge to traditional European automotive giants like Volkswagen. This shift represents a major technological and economic transition in the global car industry.
EN: Reported Speech with Tense Shift: When reporting what someone said in the past using a reporting verb like 'said', the tense in the noun clause shifts back. Here, the original spoken thought 'the company will not comment' shifts to 'the company would not comment' (will becomes would).
She said she would call me the next day.
EN: The verb 'comment' is an intransitive verb when meaning to express an opinion. It requires the preposition 'on' before the topic being discussed (comment on something).
The teacher declined to comment on the student's exam results.
EN: In corporate communications, the phrase 'would not comment on the details' is a standard, formal way for a spokesperson to decline giving specific information while still acknowledging the situation. It is more polite and professional than saying 'no comment'.
EN: The verb 'acknowledge' is often followed by a 'that-clause' (noun clause) which functions as the direct object of the verb. 'That' is a conjunction introducing the statement being acknowledged and can sometimes be omitted in informal contexts.
The company acknowledged that they made a mistake in the report.
EN: The present continuous tense (is/are + verb-ing) is used here with the phrasal verb 'go through' to describe an ongoing process of change or difficulty happening around the present time.
The country is going through a major economic reform.
EN: The adverbial phrase 'no longer' is used to express that an action or state that used to happen in the past has stopped and does not happen now. It is typically placed before the main verb or after the auxiliary/be verb.
He no longer works at the hospital.
EN: The present perfect tense ('has changed') is used with time expressions like 'in recent years' to describe an action or change that started in the past and continues to have relevance or effect in the present.
Technology has changed significantly in recent years.
EN: The sentence reflects the massive shift in the global automotive industry, particularly in Europe. Traditional German carmakers like Volkswagen are facing unprecedented pressure to transition from internal combustion engines to electric vehicles (EVs) due to rapid technological changes and fierce competition from Chinese EV manufacturers.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'According to' is used to indicate the source of information, meaning 'as stated by' or 'on the authority of'. It is commonly followed by a noun or noun phrase representing a person, document, or organization.
According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.
ตามพยากรณ์อากาศ พรุ่งนี้ฝนจะตก
EN: Apposition is a grammatical construction in which two elements, typically noun phrases, are placed side by side so that one element identifies or explains the other. Here, 'the chief executive' and 'Oliver Blume' are in apposition, where the name specifies who the chief executive is.
My friend Sarah is a talented musician.
EN: In German corporate governance, a 'supervisory board' (Aufsichtsrat) is distinct from the 'management board' (Vorstand). The supervisory board represents shareholders and employees, overseeing the management board and approving major strategic decisions, such as large-scale restructurings or job cuts. This two-tier system is a key feature of Germany's corporate culture.
EN: The modal verb 'would' is used here to express a conditional or hypothetical result in the future, indicating what is likely to happen if the proposed plans go ahead.
The new tax policy would affect many small businesses.
EN: The noun phrase 'a major blow to...' uses the preposition 'to' to indicate the target or recipient of the damaging effect or impact.
EN: The German automotive sector (including brands like Volkswagen, Audi, and Bentley) is historically the backbone of Germany's economy. Massive job cuts in this sector are highly sensitive and represent not just a corporate restructuring, but a significant economic and political concern for the entire country.
EN: The Present Perfect tense ('has struggled', 'has created') is used to describe actions or states that started in the past and continue to have relevance or continue to happen in the present.
The company has invested heavily in green technology since last year.
EN: Non-defining relative clauses are introduced by 'which' (preceded by a comma) to add extra information about the entire preceding clause or a specific noun. In this sentence, 'which' refers to the entire situation of shifting to electric cars.
He decided to sell his old car, which surprised everyone.
EN: The German automotive industry, historically dominated by engineering powerhouses like Volkswagen, is facing unprecedented pressure. The transition from combustion engines to electric vehicles (EVs) represents not just a technological shift, but a cultural and economic challenge for Germany, where car manufacturing is a symbol of national pride and industrial strength.
คำศัพท์สำคัญพร้อมการออกเสียง IPA คำนิยาม ประโยคตัวอย่าง และแบบทดสอบแบบโต้ตอบ
วลีพร้อมป้ายประเภท คำนิยามสองภาษา หมายเหตุการใช้ และประโยคตัวอย่าง
To proceed or happen, especially after planning or receiving permission.
ดำเนินการต่อ, เริ่มต้นทำ
A type of hybrid vehicle with a battery that can be recharged by plugging it into an external source of electric power.
รถยนต์ไฮบริดแบบเสียบปลั๊ก (ปลั๊กอินไฮบริด)
To experience a difficult or unpleasant situation, or to undergo a process of change.
เผชิญกับ, ผ่านพ้น (ความยากลำบาก, การเปลี่ยนแปลง หรือกระบวนการ)
An engine that generates mechanical power by burning fuel (such as gasoline or diesel) inside the engine.
เครื่องยนต์สันดาปภายใน (เครื่องยนต์แบบดั้งเดิม)