UK needs to urgently install air conditioning in schools and care homes, climate campaigners sayUK perlu segera pasang penyaman udara di sekolah dan rumah penjagaan, kata aktivis iklim
Pratonton Audio Lengkap
0:00
0:00
EN: The verb 'urge' follows the pattern 'urge someone to do something'. It is a strong verb used to express a persuasive request or a call for immediate action, often found in formal or journalistic contexts.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'urge' mengikuti pola 'urge someone to do something' (mendesak seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu). Ini ialah kata kerja yang kuat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan permintaan yang meyakinkan atau seruan untuk tindakan segera, biasa dalam konteks formal atau kewartawanan.
The committee urged the board to reconsider the proposal.
Jawatankuasa mendesak lembaga pengarah untuk mempertimbangkan semula cadangan itu.
EN: In news headlines, the infinitive 'to install' is often used to express a future action or a purpose/intent. Here, it functions as the object complement, specifying what the government is being urged to do.
Bahasa Melayu: Dalam tajuk berita, infinitif 'to install' sering digunakan untuk menyatakan tindakan masa depan atau tujuan/niat. Di sini, ia berfungsi sebagai pelengkap objek, menjelaskan perkara khusus yang didesak untuk dilakukan oleh kerajaan.
The city plans to build a new park next year.
Bandar itu merancang untuk membina taman baharu tahun depan.
EN: In the UK, air conditioning is historically rare in public buildings and homes due to the temperate climate. However, as climate change leads to record-breaking heatwaves, the lack of cooling infrastructure has become a critical public health issue, especially for vulnerable groups in 'care homes'.
EN: The use of 'As' as a temporal conjunction indicating simultaneous actions or a causal relationship. In this context, it functions similarly to 'while' or 'because', linking the environmental situation to the subsequent political demand.
Bahasa Melayu: 'As' sebagai kata hubung masa menunjukkan tindakan serentak atau hubungan sebab-akibat. Dalam konteks ini, ia berfungsi seperti 'dengan' atau 'kerana', menghubungkan keadaan semasa dengan tuntutan politik yang berikutnya.
As the storm intensified, the local authorities issued a mandatory evacuation order.
Apabila ribut semakin kuat, pihak berkuasa tempatan mengeluarkan arahan pemindahan wajib.
EN: The verb 'prioritise' followed by a gerund ('installing'). In English, certain verbs expressing preference or action focus require the '-ing' form when followed by another action.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'prioritise' (mengutamakan) diikuti oleh gerund 'installing'. Dalam bahasa Inggeris, kata kerja tertentu yang menyatakan keutamaan atau tumpuan tindakan mesti menggunakan bentuk '-ing' apabila diikuti oleh tindakan lain.
The company needs to prioritise upgrading its cybersecurity protocols.
Syarikat perlu mengutamakan peningkatan protokol keselamatan sibernya.
EN: The use of the present participle phrase 'housing vulnerable populations' as a reduced relative clause. It modifies 'other facilities', functioning as a shorter version of 'which house vulnerable populations'.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan frasa partisipel kini 'housing vulnerable populations' sebagai klausa relatif yang diringkaskan. Ia menerangkan 'other facilities' (kemudahan lain), dan merupakan bentuk ringkas bagi 'which house vulnerable populations'.
The city opened several centers providing temporary shelter for the homeless.
Bandar itu membuka beberapa pusat yang menempatkan gelandangan buat sementara waktu.
EN: The United Kingdom has historically had a temperate maritime climate where air conditioning was considered unnecessary for homes and public buildings. However, due to climate change and increasingly frequent heatwaves, the lack of cooling infrastructure has become a public health crisis, especially for the elderly in care homes.
EN: The adverb 'thereby' is used to introduce a result or consequence of the action previously mentioned. It is frequently followed by a present participle (-ing form) to create a resultative clause, functioning as a more formal alternative to 'and thus' or 'and in this way'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata keterangan 'thereby' digunakan untuk memperkenalkan hasil atau akibat daripada tindakan yang dinyatakan sebelum ini. Ia sering diikuti oleh partisipel kini (bentuk -ing) untuk membentuk klausa akibat, sebagai pengganti yang lebih formal bagi 'and thus' atau 'and in this way'.
The company reduced its carbon footprint, thereby improving its public image.
Syarikat itu mengurangkan jejak karbonnya, dengan itu meningkatkan imej awamnya.
EN: The passive voice construction 'should be fitted' indicates that the focus is on the object (solar panels) receiving the action rather than the person performing it. In technical or policy contexts, this emphasizes the necessity of the action itself.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur suara pasif 'should be fitted' menunjukkan bahawa tumpuan adalah pada objek yang menerima tindakan (panel solar), bukan pada orang yang melakukan tindakan itu. Dalam konteks teknikal atau dasar, ini menekankan keperluan tindakan itu sendiri.
New safety sensors must be fitted to all industrial machinery.
Semua jentera industri mesti dipasang dengan penderia keselamatan baharu.
EN: The verb 'emphasise' (British spelling) is followed by a 'that' clause to report a strong opinion or recommendation. This is a common structure in formal reporting and academic writing to highlight key arguments.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'emphasise' (ejaan British) diikuti oleh klausa 'that' untuk melaporkan pendapat atau cadangan yang kuat. Ini ialah struktur biasa dalam penulisan formal dan akademik untuk menekankan hujah utama.
Experts emphasised that immediate action is required to prevent further erosion.
Pakar menekankan bahawa tindakan segera diperlukan untuk mengelakkan hakisan selanjutnya.
EN: The sentence reflects a growing policy debate in the UK regarding climate adaptation. Historically, British infrastructure was designed to retain heat, but as summers become hotter, the need for cooling (traditionally rare in the UK) is being framed as a dual opportunity to also expand renewable energy use.
EN: The phrasal verb 'stem from' is used to describe the origin or cause of something, typically used in formal or academic contexts to link a result to its source.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kerja 'stem from' digunakan untuk menerangkan asal usul atau punca sesuatu, biasanya dalam situasi formal atau akademik, menghubungkan hasil dengan sumbernya.
His fear of flying stems from a childhood experience.
Ketakutannya terhadap penerbangan berpunca daripada pengalaman zaman kanak-kanaknya.
EN: The use of the present participle 'alarming' as an adjective. It describes the effect the 'precedents' have on people, indicating that the precedents cause alarm or worry.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan partisipel kini 'alarming' sebagai kata sifat. Ia menerangkan kesan 'preseden' terhadap orang, menunjukkan bahawa preseden ini menimbulkan panik atau kebimbangan.
The city has seen an alarming rise in crime rates.
Bandar itu menyaksikan peningkatan yang membimbangkan dalam kadar jenayah.
EN: In political and legal discourse, 'precedents' are crucial as they provide a historical basis for current actions or warnings. Mentioning 'alarming precedents' in a British context often refers to past crises (like the 2022 heatwave) that serve as a wake-up call for policy changes.
EN: The non-restrictive relative clause starting with 'when' provides additional temporal information about 'the 2022 heatwave'. It is set off by commas and adds descriptive detail rather than defining which heatwave is being discussed.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif tidak menyekat yang bermula dengan 'when' memberikan maklumat masa tambahan tentang 'gelombang haba 2022'. Ia dipisahkan oleh koma dan berfungsi untuk menambah butiran deskriptif, bukan untuk menentukan gelombang haba yang mana sedang dibincangkan.
I remember that summer, when we spent every day at the beach.
Saya ingat musim panas itu, ketika kami menghabiskan setiap hari di pantai.
EN: The prepositional phrase 'across Britain' functions as an adjective modifying 'people', indicating the geographical distribution of the subject. 'Across' implies throughout the entire area.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa sendi 'across Britain' berfungsi sebagai kata sifat yang menerangkan 'people', menunjukkan taburan geografi subjek. 'Across' membayangkan merentasi seluruh kawasan.
The new policy was implemented across the country.
Dasar baharu ini dilaksanakan di seluruh negara.
EN: The phrase 'died from' is used to specify the cause of death, particularly when referring to external factors, diseases, or environmental conditions like 'heat-related causes'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'died from' digunakan untuk menyatakan punca kematian, terutamanya apabila merujuk kepada faktor luaran, penyakit, atau keadaan persekitaran (seperti 'punca berkaitan haba').
Many elderly residents died from the extreme cold last winter.
Musim sejuk lalu, ramai penduduk tua meninggal dunia akibat kesejukan yang melampau.
EN: The 2022 heatwave was a landmark event in the UK, as it was the first time temperatures exceeded 40°C. This event significantly shifted public discourse on climate change and the country's lack of preparedness for extreme heat, as British infrastructure (especially housing) is traditionally designed to retain heat.
EN: The phrase 'as much as' is used as an intensifier before a number or amount to emphasize that the quantity is surprisingly large or significant.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'as much as' digunakan sebagai penekan sebelum angka atau jumlah untuk menekankan bahawa jumlah itu menghairankan besar atau signifikan.
The project could cost as much as ten million dollars.
Projek ini mungkin menelan belanja sebanyak sepuluh juta dolar.
EN: The verb 'indicate' followed by a 'that' clause is a common formal structure in academic and journalistic English to report findings or evidence objectively.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'indicate' diikuti oleh klausa 'that' ialah struktur formal yang biasa dalam bahasa Inggeris akademik dan kewartawanan, digunakan untuk melaporkan hasil penyelidikan atau bukti secara objektif.
Recent surveys indicate that public opinion is shifting.
Tinjauan terkini menunjukkan bahawa pendapat umum sedang berubah.
EN: The preposition 'by' is used here to indicate the degree or margin of change or difference.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata sendi 'by' digunakan di sini untuk menunjukkan darjah atau margin perubahan atau perbezaan.
Profits have increased by 20 percent this year.
Keuntungan meningkat sebanyak dua puluh peratus tahun ini.
EN: In the UK, air conditioning has historically been rare in residential buildings and public institutions like schools because of the temperate climate. However, as heatwaves become more frequent and intense due to climate change, the lack of cooling infrastructure is shifting from a minor inconvenience to a major public health crisis, sparking political debate.
EN: This sentence uses an inverted conditional structure (Inversion in the Second Conditional). The word 'Were' is moved to the beginning of the sentence to replace 'If' (If the government were to...), which creates a more formal, literary, or hypothetical tone common in journalism and academic writing.
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini menggunakan struktur bersyarat songsang (Penyongsangan dalam Ayat Bersyarat Jenis Kedua). 'Were' dialihkan ke awal ayat untuk menggantikan 'If' (ayat asal: If the government were to...), yang mewujudkan nada yang lebih formal, kesusasteraan, atau hipotetikal, biasa dalam laporan berita dan penulisan akademik.
Were he to resign now, the company would face a leadership crisis.
Sekiranya dia meletak jawatan sekarang, syarikat akan menghadapi krisis kepimpinan.
EN: The 'be + to-infinitive' structure (were to implement) is used in conditional clauses to talk about hypothetical future events. It emphasizes the remoteness of the possibility or adds a sense of formality to the suggestion.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur 'be + infinitif' (were to implement) digunakan dalam klausa bersyarat untuk membincangkan peristiwa masa depan yang hipotetikal. Ia menekankan kemungkinan yang lebih rendah, atau menambah formaliti kepada cadangan itu.
If you were to win the lottery, what would you do first?
Jika kamu benar-benar memenangi loteri, apakah perkara pertama yang akan kamu lakukan?
EN: The modal verb 'could' combined with 'potentially' expresses a high degree of uncertainty or a conditional possibility. It suggests that while the outcome is possible, it depends on the fulfillment of the condition mentioned in the first clause.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja modal 'could' digabungkan dengan 'potentially' (berpotensi) menyatakan tahap ketidakpastian atau kemungkinan bersyarat yang tinggi. Ini membayangkan bahawa walaupun hasil itu mungkin, ia bergantung kepada sama ada syarat yang dinyatakan sebelum ini dipenuhi.
The new policy could potentially improve the local economy within two years.
Dasar baharu ini berpotensi untuk memperbaiki ekonomi tempatan dalam tempoh dua tahun.
EN: The United Kingdom has historically had a temperate climate where air conditioning was considered unnecessary in homes and public buildings. However, due to climate change and record-breaking heatwaves (like in 2022), the lack of cooling infrastructure has become a life-threatening issue, shifting public discourse toward adaptation strategies common in warmer countries.
EN: The comparative structure 'faster than any other + singular noun' is used to express a superlative meaning, implying that Europe is warming faster than all other continents.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur perbandingan "faster than any other + kata nama tunggal" digunakan untuk menyatakan makna superlatif, membayangkan bahawa Eropah memanas lebih cepat daripada semua benua lain.
The Amazon is longer than any other river in South America.
Sungai Amazon lebih panjang daripada mana-mana sungai lain di Amerika Selatan.
EN: The linking verb 'remains' is used to describe a continuing state or condition, often followed by an adjective (ill-prepared) to indicate that a situation has not changed.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja penghubung "remains" digunakan untuk menerangkan keadaan atau situasi yang berterusan, biasanya diikuti oleh kata adjektif (ill-prepared) untuk menunjukkan bahawa keadaan masih belum berubah.
Despite the warnings, the public remains skeptical about the new policy.
Walaupun terdapat amaran, orang ramai masih bersikap ragu-ragu terhadap dasar baharu itu.
EN: The compound adjective 'ill-prepared' uses the prefix 'ill-' to mean 'badly' or 'insufficiently'. This is a formal way to indicate a lack of readiness.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata adjektif majmuk "ill-prepared" menggunakan awalan "ill-" untuk bermaksud "dengan teruk" atau "dengan tidak mencukupi". Ini adalah penggunaan formal untuk menunjukkan persediaan yang tidak mencukupi.
The hikers were ill-equipped for the sudden snowstorm.
Para pendaki tidak bersedia (kurang kelengkapan) menghadapi ribut salji yang datang secara tiba-tiba.
EN: The mention of the United Kingdom being 'ill-prepared' refers to the historical design of British infrastructure. Most buildings in the UK were constructed to retain heat during cold winters, rather than dissipate it during hot summers, making the recent trend of rising temperatures in Europe a significant public health challenge.
EN: The coordinating conjunction 'yet' is used to connect two independent clauses, introducing a contrast that is surprising or logical in spite of the first clause. It carries a more formal and emphatic tone than 'but'.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata hubung koordinat 'yet' digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua klausa bebas, memperkenalkan kontras yang mengejutkan atau yang tetap benar walaupun perkara yang dinyatakan sebelum ini. Nada ini lebih formal dan lebih menekankan daripada 'but'.
The technology is available, yet many companies refuse to adopt it.
Teknologi ini sudah tersedia, namun ramai syarikat masih enggan menerimanya.
EN: The phrasal verb 'lag behind' means to fail to maintain the same pace as someone or something else. In a policy context, it often describes a delay in response to a rapidly changing situation.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kerja 'lag behind' bermaksud gagal untuk mengekalkan rentak yang sama dengan seseorang atau sesuatu. Dalam konteks dasar, ia sering digunakan untuk menerangkan tindak balas yang perlahan terhadap situasi yang berubah dengan pantas.
The country's infrastructure continues to lag behind its economic growth.
Infrastruktur negara itu terus ketinggalan di belakang pertumbuhan ekonominya.
EN: The phrase 'The majority of' is followed by a plural countable noun ('homes'), and thus takes a plural verb ('overheat'). It is a formal way to express 'most'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'The majority of' diikuti oleh kata nama boleh dikira jamak (seperti 'homes' dalam ayat ini), oleh itu kata kerja perlu dalam bentuk jamak (overheat). Ini ialah cara formal untuk menyatakan 'kebanyakan'.
The majority of employees prefer flexible working hours.
Majoriti pekerja lebih suka waktu kerja yang fleksibel.
EN: The term 'English homes' specifically refers to housing in England, which is known for being built to retain heat rather than dissipate it, a legacy of a historically cooler climate. This architectural style is now becoming a liability as global temperatures rise.
EN: The sentence begins with a past participle phrase ('Faced with...'), which functions as an adverbial clause of cause or condition. It describes the situation or state of the subject ('citizens').
Bahasa Melayu: Ayat ini bermula dengan frasa partisipel lampau ('Faced with...'), yang berfungsi sebagai klausa keterangan sebab atau syarat, menerangkan keadaan atau situasi subjek (rakyat).
Faced with rising costs, the company decided to reduce its workforce.
Berhadapan dengan kos yang semakin meningkat, syarikat itu memutuskan untuk memberhentikan pekerja.
EN: The idiom 'take matters into one's own hands' means to deal with a problem yourself because others (usually authorities) are failing to do so.
Bahasa Melayu: Peribahasa 'take matters into one's own hands' bermaksud 'mengambil tindakan sendiri untuk menyelesaikan masalah', biasanya kerana orang lain (biasanya pihak berkuasa) gagal mengendalikannya dengan betul.
When the police failed to find the thief, he took matters into his own hands.
Apabila polis gagal menangkap pencuri itu, dia memutuskan untuk mengambil tindakan sendiri.
EN: The present continuous tense ('are taking') combined with the adverb 'increasingly' indicates a progressive trend or a developing situation in the present.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala kini berterusan ('are taking') digabungkan dengan kata keterangan 'increasingly' (semakin) digunakan untuk menunjukkan trend atau situasi yang sedang berkembang pada masa kini.
Consumers are increasingly turning to online shopping for their daily needs.
Pengguna semakin beralih kepada membeli-belah dalam talian untuk memenuhi keperluan harian mereka.
EN: In the UK, there is a historical reliance on the government to provide social infrastructure. The phrase 'taking matters into their own hands' reflects a shift in public sentiment where citizens feel the state is no longer fulfilling its duty to protect them from climate change, leading to individualistic solutions like private air conditioning.
EN: The use of 'An estimated' at the beginning of a sentence functions as an adverbial modifier, indicating that the following number is an approximation based on data or expert calculation.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan 'An estimated' pada permulaan ayat berfungsi sebagai penerang keterangan, menunjukkan bahawa angka yang berikut ialah anggaran berdasarkan data atau pengiraan pakar, bukan nilai yang tepat.
An estimated 50,000 fans attended the concert last night.
Dianggarkan lima puluh ribu peminat menghadiri konsert itu malam tadi.
EN: The structure 'have + object + past participle (installed)' is a causative-like construction or a resultative state, indicating that the households possess the air conditioning in an installed state.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur 'have + objek + partisipel lampau (installed)' di sini menunjukkan keadaan hasil, menekankan bahawa isi rumah ini kini memiliki peralatan penyaman udara yang 'telah dipasang'.
Many residents now have solar panels fitted on their roofs.
Ramai penduduk kini telah memasang panel solar di bumbung mereka.
EN: The relative pronoun 'which' is used here in a non-restrictive relative clause to refer back to the entire preceding clause ('four million British households now have air conditioning installed').
Bahasa Melayu: Kata ganti relatif 'which' digunakan di sini dalam klausa relatif tidak menyekat untuk merujuk kepada keseluruhan situasi yang diterangkan dalam klausa sebelumnya (iaitu fakta bahawa empat juta isi rumah Britain telah memasang penyaman udara).
He passed the exam with honors, which surprised everyone.
Dia lulus peperiksaan dengan kepujian, yang mengejutkan semua orang.
EN: Historically, air conditioning has been rare in British homes due to the temperate maritime climate. However, increasing frequency of extreme heatwaves linked to climate change is rapidly shifting consumer behavior and infrastructure needs in the UK.
EN: The use of 'Apposition' (Noun Phrases in Apposition): 'Associate director at the Institute for Public Policy Research' acts as an appositive, providing extra information about the subject 'Sam Alvis'. In formal writing, this is typically set off by commas.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan 'Aposisi' (Frasa Nama dalam Aposisi): 'associate director at the Institute for Public Policy Research' berfungsi sebagai aposisi, memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang subjek sebelumnya, 'Sam Alvis'. Dalam penulisan formal, aposisi biasanya dipisahkan oleh koma.
Dr. Smith, a leading expert in virology, will lead the research team.
Dr. Smith, seorang pakar terkemuka dalam bidang virologi, akan mengetuai pasukan penyelidikan itu.
EN: The verb 'caution' followed by a 'that-clause': 'Caution' is a reporting verb used to provide a warning. It is more formal than 'say' or 'warn' and implies a sense of professional or expert concern.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja 'caution' diikuti oleh 'klausa that': 'Caution' ialah kata kerja pelapor yang digunakan untuk memberikan amaran. Ia lebih formal daripada 'say' atau 'warn', dan membayangkan kebimbangan profesional atau pakar.
Economists cautioned that the inflation rate might rise further.
Ahli ekonomi memberi amaran bahawa kadar inflasi mungkin meningkat lebih tinggi.
EN: Present Continuous for a developing trend: 'Is becoming' is used here to describe a situation that is currently in the process of changing or developing over time.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala kini berterusan untuk trend yang sedang berkembang: 'Is becoming' digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan situasi yang sedang berubah atau berkembang dari semasa ke semasa.
Cybersecurity is becoming a top priority for modern businesses.
Keselamatan siber semakin menjadi keutamaan utama bagi syarikat moden.
EN: The Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR) is a prominent progressive think tank in the UK. In British political discourse, think tanks play a crucial role in shaping government policy and public debate. The mention of extreme weather becoming a 'political issue' reflects the increasing pressure on the UK government to address climate change as voters begin to feel its direct impact on their daily lives and safety.
EN: The present perfect tense ('have exploited') combined with the adverb 'historically' indicates an action that has occurred repeatedly or continuously from the past up to the present moment, emphasizing a long-standing pattern.
Bahasa Melayu: Kala kini sempurna ('have exploited') digabungkan dengan kata keterangan 'historically' (dari segi sejarah) menunjukkan tindakan yang berterusan dari masa lalu hingga kini atau yang berulang, menekankan bahawa ini ialah corak yang telah lama wujud.
The company has historically prioritized long-term growth over short-term profits.
Syarikat ini dari segi sejarahnya mengutamakan pertumbuhan jangka panjang berbanding keuntungan jangka pendek.
EN: The noun 'frustration' is often followed by the preposition 'over' to indicate the cause or subject of the feeling, especially in formal or journalistic contexts.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata nama 'frustration' (kekecewaan) selalunya diikuti oleh kata sendi 'over' untuk menunjukkan punca atau topik yang menimbulkan emosi tersebut, terutamanya dalam konteks formal atau kewartawanan.
There is growing public frustration over the rising cost of living.
Kekecewaan orang ramai terhadap kenaikan kos sara hidup semakin meningkat.
EN: The reporting verb 'emphasised' is followed by a 'that' clause, which functions as the direct object of the sentence, conveying the specific content of the statement.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata kerja pelapor 'emphasised' (menekankan) diikuti oleh klausa 'that', yang berfungsi sebagai objek langsung ayat, untuk menyampaikan kandungan khusus kenyataan itu.
The report emphasised that immediate action is required to prevent further damage.
Laporan itu menekankan bahawa tindakan segera diperlukan untuk mengelakkan kerosakan selanjutnya.
EN: In political discourse, 'populism' refers to movements that claim to represent 'the common people' against a perceived corrupt or out-of-touch elite. The speaker, Sam Alvis, is highlighting how these movements use administrative failures (like lack of heatwave planning) to fuel anti-establishment sentiment.
EN: Negative Inversion: When a sentence begins with a negative expression like 'Not only', the auxiliary verb (does, do, did) must come before the subject. This is used for emphasis and is common in formal writing or speeches.
Bahasa Melayu: Penyongsangan negatif: Apabila ayat bermula dengan ungkapan negatif seperti "Not only", kata bantu (does, do, did) mesti diletakkan sebelum subjek. Ini digunakan untuk menekankan maksud, dan sering ditemui dalam penulisan formal atau ucapan.
Not only did she complete the project on time, but she also exceeded the budget expectations.
Bukan sahaja dia menyiapkan projek itu tepat pada masanya, malah dia melebihi jangkaan bajet.
EN: The 'Not only... but (also)...' structure: This correlative conjunction connects two clauses or phrases. The 'also' is optional, and the second clause often omits the auxiliary verb if the subject is the same.
Bahasa Melayu: Struktur "Not only... but (also)...": Kata hubung korelatif ini digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua klausa atau frasa. "also" adalah pilihan; jika subjeknya sama, klausa kedua biasanya menggugurkan kata bantu.
The new policy not only protects the environment but also creates new jobs.
Dasar baharu ini bukan sahaja melindungi alam sekitar, tetapi juga mewujudkan peluang pekerjaan baharu.
EN: Verb pattern 'Enable someone to do something': The verb 'enable' is followed by an object and a to-infinitive, meaning to provide someone with the ability or opportunity to do something.
Bahasa Melayu: Corak kata kerja "Enable someone to do something": Kata kerja "enable" diikuti oleh objek dan infinitif, bermaksud memberi seseorang keupayaan atau peluang untuk melakukan sesuatu.
The scholarship enabled him to study at a top university in the United Kingdom.
Biasiswa ini membolehkannya belajar di sebuah universiti terkemuka di United Kingdom.
EN: The term 'divisive agendas' in a political context often refers to policies or rhetoric that split public opinion and create 'us vs. them' mentalities. In the UK and Europe, climate change has increasingly become a 'culture war' issue where populist movements frame green policies as elitist burdens on the working class.
EN: The non-restrictive relative clause starting with 'which' provides extra information about the subject 'The devastating floods'. It is separated by commas and can be removed without changing the core meaning of the sentence.
Bahasa Melayu: Klausa relatif tidak menyekat yang bermula dengan 'which' memberikan maklumat tambahan tentang subjek ayat, 'banjir yang dahsyat'. Klausa sedemikian biasanya diapit oleh koma, dan jika ia dikeluarkan, makna teras ayat masih lengkap.
The new policy, which was announced yesterday, aims to reduce carbon emissions.
Dasar baharu yang diumumkan semalam ini bertujuan untuk mengurangkan pelepasan karbon.
EN: The verb 'capitalise on' (or capitalize on) means to take advantage of a situation or an emotion to gain a benefit, often in a way that is seen as opportunistic or unfair.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa kerja 'capitalise on' bermaksud 'mengambil kesempatan' atau 'meraih keuntungan daripada', biasanya merujuk kepada menggunakan situasi atau emosi untuk kelebihan, dan selalunya membawa konotasi negatif yang bersifat spekulatif atau tidak adil.
The company tried to capitalise on the sudden increase in demand for home office equipment.
Syarikat itu cuba meraih keuntungan daripada lonjakan permintaan secara tiba-tiba untuk peralatan kerja dari rumah.
EN: The phrase 'rather than' is used to show preference or to contrast two actions, where the action following 'rather than' is the one rejected or ignored. In this sentence, it contrasts 'capitalising on grief' with 'addressing the crisis'.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'rather than' digunakan untuk menunjukkan keutamaan atau untuk membezakan dua tindakan. Tindakan yang mengikuti 'rather than' ialah tindakan yang ditolak atau diabaikan. Dalam ayat ini, ia membezakan 'mengeksploitasi kesedihan' dengan 'menangani krisis'.
We should focus on long-term solutions rather than temporary fixes.
Kita harus memberi tumpuan kepada penyelesaian jangka panjang, bukannya langkah sementara.
EN: The sentence refers to the real-world political tension in Spain following the 2024 Valencia floods. The 'Vox' party is a right-wing populist political party in Spain. In political discourse, 'populism' often refers to movements that claim to represent 'the people' against 'the elite', sometimes using emotional events to bypass complex scientific or structural issues like climate change.
EN: The phrase 'be poised to' is used to describe something that is completely ready or in a position to do something, often implying that the action is imminent or highly likely to occur.
Bahasa Melayu: Frasa 'be poised to' digunakan untuk menerangkan sesuatu yang bersedia sepenuhnya atau berada dalam keadaan di mana ia mungkin berlaku pada bila-bila masa, biasanya membayangkan bahawa tindakan itu akan berlaku tidak lama lagi atau sangat berkemungkinan.
The company is poised to launch its new product line next month.
Syarikat itu bersedia untuk melancarkan barisan produk baharunya bulan depan.
EN: The noun 'overheating' functions as a gerund here, acting as the head of the noun phrase 'the overheating of British homes'. It describes a continuous state or process.
Bahasa Melayu: Kata nama 'overheating' di sini berfungsi sebagai gerund, bertindak sebagai teras frasa nama 'pemanasan melampau rumah di Britain', menerangkan keadaan atau proses yang berterusan.
The overheating of the engine caused the car to break down.
Pemanasan melampau enjin menyebabkan kereta itu rosak.
EN: The word 'that' introduces a noun clause (content clause) which functions as the direct object of the verb 'suggest', specifying what the analysts are suggesting.
Bahasa Melayu: Perkataan 'that' memperkenalkan klausa nama (klausa kandungan) yang berfungsi sebagai objek langsung kata kerja 'suggest', menjelaskan dengan tepat apa yang dinyatakan oleh penganalisis.
Studies suggest that regular exercise improves mental health.
Penyelidikan menunjukkan bahawa senaman yang kerap boleh meningkatkan kesihatan mental.
EN: The term 'flashpoint' is a metaphor derived from chemistry (the temperature at which a vapor ignites). In a political context, it refers to a situation or place where violence or significant conflict is likely to flare up. This reflects the increasing tension in the UK regarding climate change adaptation and housing standards.
EN: Inversion in first conditional sentences: 'Should' can replace 'If' to make the condition sound more formal or hypothetical. The structure is 'Should + subject + base verb'.
Bahasa Melayu: Penyongsangan dalam ayat bersyarat jenis pertama: 'Should' boleh menggantikan 'If' untuk menjadikan ayat bersyarat itu kedengaran lebih formal atau lebih hipotetikal. Strukturnya ialah 'Should + subjek + kata kerja dasar'.
Should you require further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Sekiranya anda memerlukan bantuan lanjut, sila hubungi kami pada bila-bila masa.
EN: The use of 'prove' as a linking verb: In formal English, 'prove' is often used to mean 'to turn out to be' or 'to be found to be' over time or after experience.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan 'prove' sebagai kata kerja penghubung: Dalam bahasa Inggeris formal, 'prove' sering digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahawa sesuatu 'terbukti sebagai' atau 'kelihatan sebagai' selepas satu tempoh masa atau pengalaman.
The new strategy could prove effective in the long run.
Strategi baharu ini mungkin terbukti berkesan dalam jangka masa panjang.
EN: Present participle as an adjective: 'Mounting' is the present participle of 'mount', used here to describe a situation that is gradually increasing in intensity or amount.
Bahasa Melayu: Partisipel kini sebagai kata sifat: 'Mounting' ialah partisipel kini bagi 'mount', digunakan di sini untuk menerangkan keadaan di mana intensiti atau kuantiti semakin meningkat secara beransur-ansur.
There is mounting pressure on the committee to change the rules.
Tekanan untuk jawatankuasa mengubah peraturannya semakin meningkat.
EN: The sentence reflects a growing political tension in the UK regarding climate adaptation. While the UK is traditionally known for its temperate climate, recent record-breaking heatwaves have exposed a lack of 'robust infrastructure' (like air conditioning), which was previously seen as unnecessary. This shift is turning environmental issues into urgent public policy and social stability concerns.
EN: The use of 'whether' introduces a noun clause acting as a subject complement after the linking verb 'remains'. It expresses a state of uncertainty or a question that needs to be addressed.
Bahasa Melayu: Penggunaan "whether" memperkenalkan klausa nama yang bertindak sebagai pelengkap subjek selepas kata kerja penghubung "remains". Ia menyatakan keadaan ketidakpastian atau soalan yang perlu diselesaikan.
The concern remains whether the new policy will effectively reduce carbon emissions.
Yang masih membimbangkan ialah sama ada dasar baharu itu dapat mengurangkan pelepasan karbon dengan berkesan.
EN: The word 'remains' is used here as a linking verb to describe a continuing state or condition. It suggests that despite previous discussions or time passing, the situation has not changed.
Bahasa Melayu: "remains" digunakan di sini sebagai kata kerja penghubung untuk menerangkan keadaan atau situasi yang berterusan. Ia membayangkan bahawa walaupun selepas perbincangan sebelum ini atau peredaran masa, keadaan masih tidak berubah.
The true cause of the accident remains a mystery to investigators.
Punca sebenar kemalangan itu masih menjadi misteri kepada para penyiasat.
EN: In time clauses introduced by 'before', 'after', or 'when', the present simple tense ('strikes') is used to refer to future events, even though the main clause uses a future construction ('will act').
Bahasa Melayu: Dalam klausa masa yang diperkenalkan oleh "before", "after", atau "when", kata kerja dalam klausa masa menggunakan bentuk masa kini mudah (strikes) walaupun klausa utama menggunakan struktur masa hadapan (will act), untuk menunjukkan peristiwa yang akan berlaku pada masa hadapan.
We need to finalize the emergency plan before the storm hits the coast.
Kita perlu memuktamadkan pelan kecemasan sebelum ribut melanda pantai.
EN: In the UK political context, 'ministers' refers to high-ranking government officials who head departments. The sentence reflects a common critique of the British government's reactive rather than proactive approach to climate-induced infrastructure challenges.
Kosa kata utama dengan sebutan IPA, definisi, contoh ayat, dan kuiz interaktif.
Dalam konteks: mudah terdedah, rapuh (merujuk kepada kumpulan yang kesihatannya terancam dalam cuaca ekstrem)
Dalam konteks: (penyesuaian terhadap perubahan iklim) penyesuaian, adaptasi
Dalam konteks: preseden, contoh terdahulu
Dalam konteks: (bilangan kematian akibat kemalangan atau bencana) angka kematian
Dalam konteks: menyeluruh, terperinci
Dalam konteks: kekurangan, ketidakcukupan, ketidaksesuaian
Dalam konteks: melemahkan, merosakkan (keyakinan, kuasa, atau sokongan)
Dalam konteks: oportunistik, mengambil kesempatan
Dalam konteks: yang menyebabkan perpecahan, yang memecahbelahkan
Dalam konteks: memanfaatkan, mendapat keuntungan daripadanya (biasanya merujuk kepada memanfaatkan sesuatu keadaan)
Dalam konteks: (situasi) titik api, pencetus
Dalam konteks: kukuh, mantap, teguh
Frasa dengan label jenis, definisi dwibahasa, nota penggunaan, dan contoh ayat.
To deal with a problem yourself because others are failing to do so.
Mengambil tindakan sendiri, menyelesaikan masalah sendiri
To be caused by something; to originate from.
Berpunca daripada, berasal daripada
To move or develop more slowly than others.
Ketinggalan, lambat berkembang
Adjustments in ecological, social, or economic systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli.
Adaptasi iklim
Ready to do something or in a position where something is likely to happen soon.
Bersedia, bersiap sedia untuk, bakal...