‘Ready for next 100 years’: Glasgow 2026 chief hails revamped Commonwealth Games
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EN: The Present Perfect Tense ('has said', 'have been') is used to express an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has relevance to the present.
The organizers have announced that the next event will take place in 2030.
EN: Apposition is a grammatical construction where two elements (usually noun phrases) are placed side by side, so one element identifies or explains the other. Here, 'Phil Batty' is in apposition to 'The chief executive of Glasgow 2026'.
The manager of the team, Sarah Jenkins, signed the contract.
EN: The Commonwealth Games is a multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. Glasgow hosted a scaled-down version of the Games in 2026, reducing the number of sports to make the event more sustainable and affordable for host cities.
EN: Indirect Speech with Reported Verbs: The verb 'tell' takes an indirect object (the Guardian) followed by a 'that' clause containing the reported statement.
She told her team that the project was a total success.
EN: Expressing Duration with 'for another + [number] + [time period]': 'Another' is used before a plural noun phrase with a number to indicate an additional period of time.
We decided to stay in Paris for another three days.
EN: The Guardian is one of the United Kingdom's most respected daily newspapers, widely read for its coverage of national and international news, sports, and culture.
EN: 'Compared to' (or 'compared with') is a reduced participle clause used to juxtapose two things, showing contrast or degree of difference.
This year's sales increased by 20%, compared to a slight drop last year.
EN: Time expressions specifying 'how long ago' (e.g., 'four years ago') can modify noun phrases or prepositional phrases to provide historical context.
She moved to London five years ago.
EN: The Commonwealth Games in Birmingham 2022 featured a massive lineup of 19 sports. Due to rising costs and sustainability concerns, Glasgow 2026 adopted a scaled-back 'light' model with only 10 sports to ensure the event remains financially viable for future host cities.
EN: The complex transitive structure 'make + object + complement' (make X Y) is used here with an adjective phrase 'financially sustainable' acting as the object complement, describing the resulting state of 'the event'.
The new policy made the business highly profitable.
EN: The present perfect tense 'has made' is used to show a past action (changing the format) that has a direct, important result in the present.
Technology has made remote work much easier for modern professionals.
EN: The 2026 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow were streamlined to 10 sports (down from 19 in Birmingham) to reduce costs and avoid financial strain. This scaled-down model is considered a major shift toward economic sustainability for future international sports competitions.
EN: The expression 'express pride in [something]' uses the preposition 'in' to indicate the source or cause of one's pride. It can be followed by a noun phrase or a wh-clause functioning as a noun phrase.
She expressed great pride in her daughter's achievements.
EN: The phrasal verb 'come together' means to join, unite, or gather in order to achieve something or support each other.
The community came together to support the family in need.
EN: The Commonwealth Games is a multi-sport event involving athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. Expressing 'pride' in host city collaboration highlights the civic and international unity that the Games aim to promote.
EN: The reported speech structure with a 'that'-clause is used to report what someone said, thought, or stated. The conjunction 'that' can introduce a subordinate clause functioning as the direct object of the main verb (e.g., 'stated').
She mentioned that the event was a great success.
EN: The present perfect tense (have/has + past participle) is used here within indirect speech to show a completed action that has relevance to the present moment.
The team members have completed their tasks ahead of schedule.
EN: 'According to' is a prepositional phrase used to indicate the source of information or an opinion. It is usually followed by a noun or pronoun.
According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.
EN: The idiom 'be here to last' means that something is established, stable, and will continue to exist or succeed for a long time.
Electric cars are not just a trend; they are here to last.
EN: The Commonwealth Games is a quadrennial multi-sport event involving athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. In recent years, cities have raised concerns over the high cost of hosting large sporting events, leading to debates about the Games' financial sustainability and future relevance.
EN: Future Passive Voice ('will be + past participle'): Used to describe an action that will happen to the subject in the future, especially when the focus is on the event rather than who performs the action.
The next Olympic Games will be held in Los Angeles.
EN: Preposition 'in' with locations and years: 'In' is used before city/country names (e.g., in Amdavad, India) and before specific years (e.g., in 2030).
The conference will take place in Tokyo in 2028.
EN: Amdavad (also known as Ahmedabad) is the largest city in the state of Gujarat, India. Hosting the 2030 Commonwealth Games highlights India's growing capability and commitment to hosting major international multi-sport events.
EN: The Present Perfect Tense ('have faced') is used here to express an action or situation that began in the past and continues to be relevant or true in the present.
The company has faced many challenges this year.
EN: Adverbs of degree or addition like 'also' are typically placed after the auxiliary verb ('have') and before the main verb ('faced').
They have also visited the new museum.
EN: The Commonwealth Games is a multi-sport event involving athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. Large-scale international sports events like this often face criticism regarding financial costs, low attendance, or absent top-tier athletes.
EN: Using 'including' as a preposition to introduce specific examples that belong to a broader group mentioned earlier.
Many countries joined the conference, including Japan and South Korea.
EN: Noun adjuncts/modifiers where a noun (e.g., 'Olympic champion') functions like an adjective to describe another noun ('Keely Hodgkinson').
World champion athlete Usain Bolt won many medals.
EN: Keely Hodgkinson (middle-distance runner for Great Britain) and Summer McIntosh (Canadian competitive swimmer) are among the world's premier young athletes. Their absence highlights the challenge major non-Olympic multisport events face in attracting elite stars.
EN: The phrase 'complain about' is a phrasal verb meaning to express dissatisfaction with something. It is followed by a noun, noun phrase, or gerund.
Many passengers complained about the train delay.
EN: The structure 'the fact that' allows an abstract noun ('fact') to be expanded with a full clause (appositive clause) specifying what the fact is.
He accepted the fact that he needed to work harder.
EN: Large multi-sport events like the Commonwealth Games rely heavily on local attendance and global broadcasting rights to showcase sustainability and maintain popularity. Public criticism regarding empty seats and reduced TV coverage often sparks debates over ticket pricing and broadcast accessibility.
EN: 'Despite' is a preposition used to show contrast, meaning 'in spite of'. It is followed by a noun phrase or a gerund (-ing form), not a subject-verb clause.
Despite the heavy rain, they decided to go hiking.
EN: Appositive phrases are nouns or noun phrases placed next to another noun to explain or identify it. They are usually set off by commas when providing extra (non-essential) information.
Mr. Chen, a famous local chef, opened a new restaurant last week.
EN: 'Commonwealth Sport' (also known as the Commonwealth Games Federation) is the international organization responsible for the direction and control of the Commonwealth Games. The event brings together athletes from countries that are part of the Commonwealth of Nations, most of which are former territories of the British Empire.
EN: The modal verb 'may' expresses possibility in the present or future, followed by the base form of a verb (infinitive without 'to').
The new policy may change how companies handle customer service.
EN: Prepositional phrases starting with 'of' and 'for' are used as post-modifiers to narrow down and clarify the meaning of nouns.
The key to success for young entrepreneurs is continuous learning.
EN: In major sports administration, the term 'legacy' refers to the long-term positive impact and infrastructure a mega-event leaves behind for host cities and future organizers, such as financial sustainability or reusable hosting models.
EN: Using the preposition 'by' followed by a gerund (-ing form) indicates the method or means used to achieve a specific result.
By practicing every day, she improved her English fluency significantly.
EN: The relative pronoun 'that' (or 'which') introduces a relative clause that modifies the preceding noun ('a model'). In this clause, 'that' acts as the object of the verb 'follow'.
This is a plan that everyone can support.
EN: The verb 'mean' can be followed by a 'that-clause' functioning as a noun clause (direct object), which explains the result or significance of the subject.
Higher test scores mean that students understand the lesson well.
EN: The modal verb 'could' is used here to express future possibility or capability under specific hypothetical circumstances.
With better public transport, citizens could travel around the city more easily.
EN: In recent years, major sporting events like the Olympics and Commonwealth Games have faced criticism for high hosting costs. Simplifying the format to allow smaller cities to host promotes environmental and financial sustainability.
EN: The Present Perfect Passive ('has/have been' + past participle) is used to show that an action was completed at an unspecified time in the past and has relevance to the present moment, focusing on the receiver of the action rather than the doer.
All the questions have been answered by the teacher.
EN: The verb 'appear' followed by an infinitive ('to + verb') means 'seems to be or do something', used to express an impression or likelihood based on evidence.
The new project appears to be very successful.
EN: The Commonwealth Games is a multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from the Commonwealth of Nations. In recent years, concerns have been raised about its financial sustainability and cultural relevance, prompting major reforms like reducing the number of mandatory sports to make it easier for smaller host cities to participate.
Key vocabulary words with IPA pronunciation, definitions, example sentences, and interactive quizzes.
Phrases with type tags, bilingual definitions, usage notes, and example sentences.
To be much better than expected.
The process of planning, organizing, and executing events.
A city that provides the infrastructure and facilities for an event.
To sell all the available tickets or products.