EN: When the subject is a third-person singular noun (he, she, Helen Goh), add '-s' or '-es' to the base verb in the present simple tense (e.g., 'shares').
He shares his lunch with his best friend every day.
EN: The Guardian is a major British daily newspaper known internationally for its lifestyle, culture, and food sections, featuring recipes from renowned chefs and food writers.
EN: Use 'by + person' to show who wrote, made, or created something.
I read a story by Mark Twain.
EN: Heidi Swanson is a well-known American food blogger and author of popular vegetarian cookbooks like 'Super Natural Cooking'.
EN: We can put a noun phrase right after another noun (separated by a comma) to explain what it is. This is called an appositive.
I like matcha, a green tea powder from Japan.
EN: Morello cherries are sour cherries widely used in European cooking and baking (such as in Black Forest cake) because their tart flavor balances well with sweet ingredients.
EN: Use 'so' to connect a cause/reason to a result. Clause 1 (reason) + ', so' + Clause 2 (result).
It was raining, so we stayed at home.
EN: In Western home baking, preserved fruits like jarred cherries (often sour or Morello cherries in syrup) are popular pantry staples, allowing bakers to make fruit dishes year-round without relying on short summer harvest seasons.
EN: When listing multiple items, separate each item with a comma, and place 'and' right before the last item.
I need apples, bananas, milk and bread.
EN: Use 'also' before the main verb (like 'add') to introduce an additional action or ingredient.
You also need some sugar.
EN: In Western baking and breakfast recipes, 'thin pieces of almond' are commonly called 'flaked almonds' (UK) or 'sliced almonds' (US). They add both crunch and decorative appeal when sprinkled on top of baked oats or desserts.
EN: Use 'if' to talk about a condition (something that might happen) and 'can' to show a possibility or choice in response.
You can drink tea if you don't like coffee.
EN: In Western home baking recipes, authors often suggest flexible substitutes (like jam for fresh/canned fruit) so readers can easily bake without needing rare or seasonal ingredients.
EN: Use 'take + [time] + to [verb]' to say how much time is needed to do something.
It takes twenty minutes to walk to the station.
EN: In Western recipes, it is standard practice to separate 'prep time' (active preparation like chopping and mixing) from 'cook time' (passive time in the oven or on the stove), helping cooks plan their schedule efficiently.
EN: Use 'enough + noun + for + someone' to say that the quantity of something is sufficient for a specific group of people.
There is enough cake for everyone.
EN: In Western recipes, serving sizes are commonly stated as a range like 'serves 4 to 6' or 'enough food for 4 to 6 people' to account for differences in individual appetites or whether the dish is served as a main meal or a side dish.
EN: Use the preposition 'for' before meal names (breakfast, lunch, dinner) to talk about having something at that meal time: 'eat something for breakfast'.
I usually have toast and coffee for breakfast.
EN: Baked oats is a popular trend in Western home cooking that blurs the line between a healthy breakfast and a warm dessert, often served warm with cold Greek-style yoghurt.
Key vocabulary words with IPA pronunciation, definitions, example sentences, and interactive quizzes.
Phrases with type tags, bilingual definitions, usage notes, and example sentences.
A dish made of oats mixed with liquid and other ingredients and cooked in an oven.
To originate from a particular place or source.
On the highest surface or upper part of something.