EN： The Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle) is used here to describe a recent action that has a direct impact on the present situation. In this context, it highlights that the approval is now officially in effect.
中文： 現在完成式（have/has + 過去分詞）在此用於描述最近發生且對現狀有直接影響的動作。在本文中，它強調該批准現在已正式生效。
The government has announced new health guidelines.
政府已經公佈了新的健康指南。
EN： The Passive Voice (to be + past participle) is used in the infinitive phrase 'to be sold'. This structure focuses on the action being performed on the subject (the pills) rather than who is performing the action.
中文： 被動語態（to be + 過去分詞）用於不定詞片語「to be sold」中。這種結構將重點放在施加於主體（藥丸）上的動作，而不是誰執行了該動作。
The books are ready to be sent to the library.
這些書已經準備好要被送往圖書館了。
EN： In the UK, the 'medicines regulator' refers to the MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency). Their approval is a critical legal requirement before any drug can be marketed or sold in the country, ensuring safety and efficacy.
中文： 在英國，「藥品監管機構」指的是 MHRA（藥品與保健產品管理局）。在任何藥物於該國上市或銷售之前，其批准是關鍵的法律要求，以確保藥物的安全性與有效性。
EN： The phrase 'of its kind' is an idiomatic expression used to describe something that is unique or the first within a specific category or group.
中文： 短語「of its kind」是一個慣用語，用於描述在特定類別或群體中獨一無二或首創的事物，意為「同類中」。
This is the only museum of its kind in the world.
這是世界上唯一一座這種類型的博物館。
EN： The 'to-infinitive' (to + verb) is used here as an adjective phrase to modify the noun 'tablet', explaining its purpose or a specific achievement.
中文： 這裡使用「不定詞」（to + 動詞）作為形容詞片語來修飾名詞「tablet」（藥錠），用以說明其目的或特定的成就。
He was the first person to arrive at the party.
他是第一個到達派對的人。
EN： In the UK, 'regulation approval' usually refers to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). This is a significant milestone because medical standards in the UK are known to be very strict.
中文： 在英國，「監管批准」通常是指藥物及保健產品管理局（MHRA）的核准。這是一個重要的里程碑，因為英國的醫療標準以嚴格著稱。
EN： Non-restrictive Relative Clause: The word 'which' introduces extra information about 'the drug'. It is separated by a comma and is not essential to identify the noun it follows.
中文： 非限定用法關係子句：單字 'which' 引導關於 'the drug'（該藥物）的額外資訊。它由逗號隔開，並非識別該名詞所必需的必要資訊。
He bought the house, which was built in 1920.
他買了那棟房子，那房子是在 1920 年建造的。
EN： Past Participle as Adjective: 'Called' is a past participle used here as an adjective to modify 'substance', functioning like a shortened relative clause (which is called).
中文： 過去分詞作為形容詞：'Called' 是過去分詞，在此用作形容詞來修飾 'substance'（物質），其功能類似於縮減後的關係子句（which is called）。
I live in a city called Taipei.
我住在一個名為台北的城市。
EN： Novo Nordisk is a major Danish pharmaceutical company. The mention of 'semaglutide' refers to the active ingredient used in both Wegovy (for weight loss) and Ozempic (for diabetes), which have gained significant global media attention recently.
中文： 諾和諾德是一間主要的丹麥製藥公司。提到「司美格魯肽」是指用於 Wegovy（減重用）和 Ozempic（糖尿病用）的活性成分，這些藥物近期在全求媒體上獲得了極大的關注。
EN： The Present Perfect Tense ('has become') is used here to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a result or relevance in the present.
中文： 現在完成式（has become）在此用於描述過去某個不確定時間發生的動作，且該動作對現在具有影響或關聯性。
The company has become a leader in the tech industry.
這間公司已成為科技產業的領導者。
EN： The phrase 'the third... to approve' uses an infinitive ('to approve') to modify an ordinal number ('the third country'), indicating which action the subject is the third to perform.
中文： 短語「the third... to approve」使用不定詞（to approve）來修飾序數（the third country），表示主詞是第三個執行該動作的對象。
She was the first person to arrive at the party.
她是第一個到達派對的人。
EN： The mention of the UK, United States, and United Arab Emirates highlights the global rollout of weight-loss medications. The UAE is often among the first countries to approve new pharmaceutical treatments due to its fast-tracked regulatory processes and high obesity rates.
中文： 提到英國、美國和阿拉伯聯合大公國，凸顯了減重藥物在全球的推廣情況。由於快速的監管審核流程和較高的肥胖率，阿拉伯聯合大公國通常是首批批准新藥物治療的國家之一。
EN： Appositives are nouns or noun phrases that follow another noun to explain or identify it. In this sentence, 'a senior leader at Novo Nordisk' identifies who Emil Kongshøj Larsen is.
中文： 同位語（Appositives）是緊跟在另一個名詞後面的名詞或名詞短語，用於解釋或識別該名詞。在本句中，「a senior leader at Novo Nordisk」識別了埃米爾·孔斯霍伊·拉森的身分。
Mr. Smith, my English teacher, is very kind.
史密斯先生，我的英文老師，非常親切。
EN： The verb 'call' can be used in a complex transitive structure: 'call + object + object complement'. Here, 'it' is the object and 'a landmark approval' is the complement describing the object.
中文： 動詞「call」可用於複合及物結構：「call + 受詞 + 受詞補語」。在這裡，「it」是受詞，而「a landmark approval」是描述該受詞的補語。
They called the new project a success.
他們稱這個新計畫為一項成功。
EN： Novo Nordisk is a major Danish pharmaceutical company. The mention of its leader highlights the corporate significance of the UK's approval of Wegovy. 'Landmark' is a common term in business and law to describe a decision that sets a significant precedent.
中文： 諾和諾德（Novo Nordisk）是一家主要的丹麥製藥公司。提到其領導人凸顯了英國批准 Wegovy 在企業層面的重要性。「Landmark」（里程碑）是商業和法律領域常用的詞彙，用來形容具有重大先例意義的決定。
EN： The verb 'help' can be followed by an object and then either a bare infinitive (verb without 'to') or a full infinitive (with 'to'). In this sentence, 'help more people... get' uses the bare infinitive form.
中文： 動詞「help」（幫助）後面可以接受詞，再接原形不定詞（不帶 to 的動詞）或不定詞（帶 to 的動詞）。在本句中，「help more people... get」使用的是原形不定詞形式。
This new app will help you organize your daily schedule.
這款新應用程式將幫助你安排日常行程。
EN： The phrase 'get access to' is a common collocation meaning to have the opportunity or right to use or see something, often used with services or information.
中文： 短語「get access to」是一個常見的搭配詞，意思是「獲得使用或查看某事物的機會或權利」，通常用於服務或資訊。
Students can get access to the library 24 hours a day.
學生可以全天 24 小時使用圖書館。
EN： The mention of 'obesity care' reflects a shift in healthcare policy in the UK, where obesity is increasingly treated as a medical condition requiring structured intervention rather than just a lifestyle issue.
中文： 提到「肥胖照護」反映了英國醫療保健政策的轉變，肥胖越來越多地被視為一種需要結構化干預的醫療狀況，而不僅僅是生活方式問題。
EN： The 'that' clause is used as a noun clause (object) after reporting verbs like 'note', 'say', or 'think' to state a fact or opinion.
中文： 「that」引導的名詞子句放在「note」（指出）、「say」（說）或「think」（認為）等動詞後，作為受詞來陳述事實或觀點。
She noted that the meeting was canceled.
她指出會議已經取消了。
EN： Non-restrictive relative clauses are introduced by 'which' and a comma. They provide extra information about the preceding clause or noun phrase rather than defining it.
中文： 非限定用法關係子句由逗號加「which」引導。它們為前面的子句或名詞短語提供額外資訊，而非定義該對象。
He won the race, which surprised everyone.
他贏得了比賽，這讓每個人都很驚訝。
EN： The mention of the UK being the first European country to approve the pill highlights the regulatory competition and health policy leadership within the region, especially post-Brexit.
中文： 提到英國是第一個批准該藥丸的歐洲國家，凸顯了該地區內的監管競爭和衛生政策領導地位，特別是在英國脫歐之後的背景下。
EN： Present Perfect Passive (have been + past participle): This structure is used to describe an action that has happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a result in the present, where the subject receives the action.
中文： 現在完成式的被動語態（have been + 過去分詞）：此結構用於描述過去某個不確定時間點發生且對現在產生影響的動作，且主詞是動作的接收者。
The new law has been approved by the government.
新法律已獲得政府批准。
EN： Non-defining Relative Clause (which): The word 'which' is used after a comma to provide extra information about the entire preceding clause or a specific noun, in this case, defining what 'obesity' means.
中文： 非限定用法關係子句 (which)：在逗號後使用 'which' 來對前面的整個子句或特定名詞提供額外補充說明，在此句中是用來定義「肥胖症」的含義。
He passed the exam, which surprised everyone.
他通過了考試，這讓大家都很驚訝。
EN： In many Western countries, including the UK, obesity is clinically defined by Body Mass Index (BMI). A BMI of 30 or higher is the standard threshold for obesity, while 25-29.9 is considered overweight. This sentence reflects the strict medical criteria used for prescribing weight-loss medication.
中文： 在包括英國在內的許多西方國家，肥胖症在臨床上是根據身體質量指數 (BMI) 來定義的。BMI 達到 30 或更高是肥胖的標準門檻，而 25-29.9 則被視為過重。這句話反映了開立減重藥物處方時所使用的嚴格醫學標準。
EN： The passive voice 'are approved' is used here because the pills (they) receive approval from a regulatory body, rather than performing the action of approving.
中文： 被動語態「are approved」在此處被使用，因為藥丸（they）是接受監管機構的批准，而不是執行批准的動作。
The new drug was approved by the government last month.
這款新藥上個月獲得了政府的批准。
EN： The first conditional structure 'if + present simple' is used to express a real possibility or a specific condition that must be met for the main clause to be true.
中文： 第一類條件句結構「if + 現在簡單式」用於表達真實的可能性，或是一個為了使主句成立而必須滿足的特定條件。
You can join the club if you are over eighteen years old.
如果你年滿十八歲，你就可以加入這個俱樂部。
EN： In many Western countries, medical treatments for obesity are strictly regulated and often require a specific Body Mass Index (BMI) threshold to ensure the drug is used by those who need it most for health reasons, rather than just for cosmetic weight loss.
中文： 在許多西方國家，肥胖的醫療處置受到嚴格監管，通常需要達到特定的身體質量指數（BMI）門檻，以確保藥物是用於那些出於健康原因而最需要它的人，而不僅僅是為了美容減肥。
EN： The sentence uses a 'Noun Clause' starting with 'that' as the direct object of the verb 'showed'. This clause functions as a noun to explain what was shown.
中文： 本句使用了由「that」引導的「名詞子句」作為動詞「showed」的直接受詞。這個子句的功能如同名詞，用來解釋顯示出的具體內容。
Research showed that regular exercise improves mental health.
研究顯示，規律運動能改善心理健康。
EN： The phrase 'who took the highest dose' is a 'Relative Clause' (Adjective Clause) that modifies the noun 'patients', specifying which group of patients is being discussed.
中文： 短語「who took the highest dose」是一個「關係子句」（形容詞子句），用來修飾名詞「patients」，明確指出正在討論的是哪一組患者。
The students who finished the test early were allowed to leave.
提早完成測驗的學生被允許離開。
EN： The phrase 'be available on' is used to indicate that a service or product is provided through a specific system or organization, such as the National Health Service (NHS).
中文： 短語「be available on」用於表示某種服務或產品是透過特定的系統或機構（如國民保健署）提供的。
Free Wi-Fi is available on all public buses.
所有公共巴士上都提供免費無線網路。
EN： The future simple negative 'will not' (often contracted to 'won't') is used to express that an action or state will not occur in the future.
中文： 未來簡單式否定句「will not」（常縮寫為「won't」）用於表達某個動作或狀態在未來不會發生。
The store will not open until ten o'clock.
這家商店要到十點才會開門。
EN： The National Health Service (NHS) is the publicly funded healthcare system in the UK. It provides most healthcare free at the point of use for residents. The fact that a drug is approved but not yet available on the NHS means patients cannot get it for free or at a standard prescription cost through the government system yet.
中文： 國民保健署（NHS）是英國由公費資助的醫療保健系統。它為居民提供大部分免費的醫療服務。某種藥物雖獲批准但尚未在國民保健署提供，意味著患者目前還無法透過政府系統免費或以標準處方費取得該藥物。
EN： Passive Infinitive (to be + past participle): This structure is used when the subject of the infinitive receives the action rather than performing it. Here, 'they' (the pills) receive the action of being approved.
中文： 被動不定詞 (to be + 過去分詞)：當不定詞的主體是動作的接收者而非執行者時，使用此結構。在此句中，「它們」（藥丸）是被批准的對象。
The documents need to be signed by the manager.
這些文件需要由經理簽署。
EN： Subordinating Conjunction 'before': This word connects two clauses, indicating that the action in the main clause must happen prior to the action in the dependent clause.
中文： 從屬連接詞 'before'：這個詞連接兩個子句，表示主句的動作必須在從屬子句的動作發生之前完成。
Please wash your hands before you eat dinner.
請在吃晚餐前洗手。
EN： The NHS (National Health Service) is the publicly funded healthcare system in the UK. While it provides free care at the point of use, new treatments must undergo rigorous cost-effectiveness evaluations (often by NICE) before they are funded and made available to the general public.
中文： 國民保健署 (NHS) 是英國由公費資助的醫療保健系統。雖然它在民眾使用時提供免費服務，但新的治療方法在獲得資助並向大眾開放之前，必須經過嚴格的成本效益評估（通常由 NICE 進行）。
EN： Relative Clauses with 'who': A relative clause is used to provide more information about a noun. In this sentence, 'who want to take the pills' defines which specific patients we are talking about.
中文： 關係子句（who）：關係子句用於提供關於名詞的更多資訊。在本句中，「who want to take the pills」定義了我們具體在討論哪些患者。
The doctor who treated me was very kind.
那位治療我的醫生非常親切。
EN： Future Necessity with 'will need to': This structure combines the future tense 'will' with the semi-modal 'need to' to express a requirement or obligation that will exist in the future.
中文： 未來必要性（will need to）：此結構結合了未來式「will」與半助動詞「need to」，用來表達未來將存在的特定需求或義務。
You will need to show your ID at the entrance.
你將需要在入口處出示身分證。
EN： In the UK, the National Health Service (NHS) provides healthcare funded by taxes, making it free at the point of use. A 'private prescription' means the patient must pay the full cost of the medication themselves at a private pharmacy, rather than receiving it through the government-subsidized system.
中文： 在英國，國民保健署（NHS）提供由稅收資助的醫療服務，使民眾在就醫時基本免費。「私人處方」（private prescription）意味著患者必須在私人藥局自費支付藥物的全額費用，而不是透過政府補貼的系統取得。
EN： The present perfect passive ('has not been announced') is used to describe an action that started in the past and continues to the present, where the subject (the price) receives the action.
中文： 現在完成式的被動語態（has not been announced）用於描述從過去開始並持續到現在的動作，且主詞（價格）是動作的接收者。
The results have not been released to the public yet.
結果尚未向大眾公佈。
EN： Comparative adjectives ('cheaper than') are used to compare two things. For short adjectives, we add '-er' to the end followed by 'than'.
中文： 比較級形容詞（cheaper than）用於比較兩事物。對於短形容詞，我們在字尾加上「-er」，後面接「than」。
This new model is faster than the old one.
這個新模型比舊的更快。
EN： In the UK, weight-loss treatments like Wegovy are highly anticipated due to the high costs of private healthcare. While the National Health Service (NHS) provides free care, new or expensive drugs often require a 'private prescription' first, meaning patients must pay the full market price themselves until the government agrees to fund it.
中文： 在英國，由於私人醫療費用高昂，像 Wegovy 這樣的減重治療備受期待。雖然英國國民保健署 (NHS) 提供免費醫療，但新型或昂貴的藥物通常需要先透過「私人處方」取得，這意味著在政府同意資助之前，患者必須自行支付全額市場價格。
EN： The phrase 'depending on' is a common participle phrase used to indicate that something is determined by or varies according to a specific factor.
中文： 短語「depending on」是一個常見的分詞短語，用於表示某事是由特定因素決定或隨其變化的，中文常譯為「取決於」。
The flight price varies depending on the season.
機票價格會根據季節而有所不同。
EN： The structure 'between A and B' is used to specify a range between two points, numbers, or amounts.
中文： 結構「between A and B」用於指定兩個點、數字或金額之間的範圍，意為「在 A 與 B 之間」。
The temperature will be between 20 and 25 degrees today.
今天的氣溫將在 20 到 25 度之間。
EN： In the UK, the National Health Service (NHS) provides healthcare that is free at the point of use for residents. However, medications not yet approved for NHS coverage require a 'private prescription,' meaning the patient must pay the full market price out of pocket at a private pharmacy.
中文： 在英國，國民保健署 (NHS) 為居民提供免費的醫療服務。然而，尚未獲得 NHS 批准資助的藥物需要「私人處方」，這意味著患者必須在私人藥局自費支付全額市場價格。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 負責監督特定行業（如醫藥）並確保其遵守規則的監管機構。
在本文中： 官方的許可或批准。
在本文中： （通常指工廠大規模地）製造、生產。
在本文中： 具里程碑意義的、重大的轉折點。
在本文中： 獲得或使用某物的機會或權利。
在本文中： 肥胖症，指體重過重而影響健康的狀態。
在本文中： （藥物的）劑量、一劑。
在本文中： 治療、療法。
在本文中： 處方箋，醫生開具的藥方。
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
A measure of body fat based on height and weight (BMI).
身體質量指數 (BMI)
Scientific tests to see if a new drug or treatment is safe and effective.
臨床試驗
Immediately; without delay.
立刻、馬上
A prescription for medicine that a patient pays for themselves, rather than getting it through a state-funded health system.
自費處方箋