EN： The Present Perfect tense ('has disclosed') is used here to report a recent event that has current relevance or provides new information, a common feature in news reporting.
中文： 現在完成式（has disclosed）在此用於報導最近發生且具有當前相關性或提供新資訊的事件，這是新聞報導中的常見特徵。
The tech giant has announced a major restructuring of its executive board.
這家科技巨頭已宣布對其執行董事會進行重大重組。
EN： The past participle phrase 'valued at...' and 'scheduled for...' act as reduced relative clauses (which is valued at... / which is scheduled for...), providing concise descriptive information about the 'plans'.
中文： 過去分詞短語「valued at...」和「scheduled for...」充當簡化的關係子句（即 which is valued at... / which is scheduled for...），為「plans」提供簡潔的描述性資訊。
The project, completed ahead of schedule, saved the company millions.
該項目提前完成，為公司節省了數百萬美元。
EN： The term 'flotation' is a formal business term primarily used in British English to describe the process of a company offering its shares on the stock market for the first time (IPO).
中文： 「flotation」是一個正式的商業術語，主要用於英式英語，描述公司首次在股票市場發行股票的過程（即首次公開募股，IPO）。
The company's flotation on the London Stock Exchange was highly successful.
該公司在倫敦證券交易所的上市非常成功。
EN： The valuation of $1.75 trillion mentioned in this context is exceptionally high, positioning SpaceX among the most valuable companies globally, even exceeding the market cap of many established tech giants. This reflects the immense investor interest in private space exploration and satellite internet (Starlink).
中文： 文中所提到的 1.75 兆美元估值極高，使 SpaceX 位列全球最有價值的公司之一，甚至超過了許多老牌科技巨頭的市值。這反映了投資者對私人太空探索和衛星網路（星鏈）的巨大興趣。
EN： Non-restrictive relative clauses: The phrase starting with 'which' provides additional information about 'the prospectus' but is not essential to identify it. It is separated by commas.
中文： 非限定性關係子句：以 'which' 開頭的短語提供了關於 'the prospectus'（招股說明書）的補充資訊，但並非識別該名詞所必需，通常用逗號隔開。
The report, which was published yesterday, highlights the risks of the investment.
這份於昨天發布的報告強調了該項投資的風險。
EN： The use of 'while' + present participle (-ing): This structure indicates two actions happening simultaneously by the same subject, often implying a balance or a challenge between the two.
中文： 使用 'while' 接現在分詞 (-ing)：此結構表示同一主體同時進行的兩個動作，通常隱含兩者之間的平衡或挑戰。
She managed to lead the company while maintaining a healthy work-life balance.
她在領導公司的同時，還能維持健康的工作與生活平衡。
EN： Gerund phrases as objects of prepositions: In 'vision of making...', the gerund 'making' follows the preposition 'of' to describe the content of the vision.
中文： 動名詞短語作為介系詞受詞：在 'vision of making...' 中，動名詞 'making' 接在介系詞 'of' 之後，用以描述該願景的具體內容。
He has the goal of expanding the business into Asia.
他的目標是將業務擴展到亞洲。
EN： The term 'multiplanetary' is closely associated with Elon Musk's long-term goal for SpaceX, specifically the colonization of Mars. In a business context, 'sprawling corporate empire' reflects the complex and interconnected nature of his various ventures like Tesla, SpaceX, and X (formerly Twitter).
中文： 「multiplanetary」（跨行星）一詞與埃隆·馬斯克對 SpaceX 的長期目標（特別是火星殖民）密切相關。在商業語境中，「sprawling corporate empire」（龐大的商業帝國）反映了他旗下各個企業（如 Tesla、SpaceX 和 X，即前 Twitter）之間複雜且相互關聯的特性。
EN： The sentence uses an inverted conditional structure ('Should the flotation proceed...') to replace 'If the flotation should proceed...'. This is a formal way to express a hypothetical situation in the future, often used in business or legal contexts to sound more professional and cautious.
中文： 本句使用了倒裝條件句結構（Should the flotation proceed...）來取代「If the flotation should proceed...」。這是一種正式表達未來假設情況的方式，常用於商業或法律語境中，使語氣顯得更專業且謹慎。
Should you require further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact our support team.
若您需要進一步的協助，請隨時聯繫我們的支援團隊。
EN： The second conditional 'it would represent' is used here to describe the hypothetical result of the condition. Even though 'should' is used in the first clause, 'would' maintains the formal, speculative tone regarding the significance of the event.
中文： 此處使用第二類條件句的「it would represent」來描述該假設情況的結果。儘管前句使用了「should」，「would」仍維持了對於該事件重要性的正式且推測性的語氣。
If the merger were successful, it would create the largest tech firm in the region.
如果這次合併成功，它將創造該地區最大的科技公司。
EN： The phrase 'one of the most + superlative adjective + plural noun' is a standard structure used to categorize something within a top-tier group. Note that the noun following 'one of the' must always be plural ('offerings').
中文： 短語「one of the most + 最高級形容詞 + 複數名詞」是用於將某物歸類於頂尖群體的標準結構。請注意，「one of the」後面的名詞必須始終使用複數形式（如本句中的 offerings）。
This is considered one of the most ambitious projects in the history of SpaceX.
這被認為是 SpaceX 歷史上最宏大的項目之一。
EN： In financial journalism, 'flotation' (common in British English) or 'IPO' (Initial Public Offering) refers to the process of a private company selling shares to the public for the first time. The mention of a $1.75 trillion valuation for SpaceX highlights its unprecedented scale, as few companies in history have reached such a valuation even after decades of being public.
中文： 在財經新聞中，「flotation」（英式英語常用）或「IPO」（首次公開募股）是指私營公司首次向公眾出售股份的過程。文中提到 SpaceX 高達 1.75 兆美元的估值突顯了其前所未有的規模，因為歷史上很少有公司在上市數十年後能達到如此高的估值。
EN： The present participle phrase 'marking...' acts as a resultative modifier, indicating a consequence or a further detail of the main clause's action. This is a common feature of formal journalistic writing to condense information.
中文： 現在分詞短語「marking...」在此作為結果狀語，表示主句動作所產生的結果或進一步的細節。這是正式新聞寫作中常見的手法，用於精簡資訊。
The company slashed prices, leading to a surge in sales.
該公司大幅降價，導致銷量激增。
EN： The preposition 'over' is used here to indicate a comparison with a previous period, functioning similarly to 'compared to' or 'more than'.
中文： 介係詞「over」在此用於表示與前一個時期的比較，功能類似於「compared to」或「more than」。
The firm saw a 20% increase in profits over the last quarter.
該公司利潤較上一季增長了 20%。
EN： The term 'preceding' is a formal adjective meaning 'coming before in time or order'. In business contexts, 'the preceding year' is preferred over 'the year before' for its professional register.
中文： 「preceding」是一個正式形容詞，意為「在時間或順序上先前的」。在商業語境中，「the preceding year」因其專業語氣而優於「the year before」。
All data from the preceding decade were analyzed.
過去十年的所有數據都經過了分析。
EN： In financial reporting, the term 'conglomerate' refers to a multi-industry company, such as SpaceX which spans aerospace, telecommunications (Starlink), and AI. The use of 'billion' in English refers to 1,000,000,000 (10^9), which is translated as '十億' in Traditional Chinese.
中文： 在財經報告中，「conglomerate」（企業集團）指跨足多個產業的公司，例如 SpaceX 橫跨航太、電信（星鏈）和人工智慧領域。英文中的「billion」指 10 億（10^9），在繁體中文中對應為「十億」。
EN： The use of the present participle phrase 'having recorded' functions as an adverbial clause of result or circumstance, indicating an action that occurred prior to or leading up to the state described in the main clause.
中文： 使用現在分詞短語「having recorded」作為狀語從句，表示結果或情況，說明在主句所述狀態之前或導致該狀態發生的動作（完成式分詞強調動作的完成）。
The company expanded its operations, having secured additional funding from venture capitalists.
該公司在獲得風險投資者的追加資金後，擴大了業務規模。
EN： 'Remains' is a linking verb used here to describe a continuing state. It is followed by the adjective 'loss-making' to characterize the subject 'the business'.
中文： 「Remains」在此作為連綴動詞，用於描述持續的狀態。其後接形容詞「loss-making」（虧損的）來描述主詞「the business」的特徵。
Despite the new policy, the underlying problem remains unresolved.
儘管有了新政策，根本問題仍然沒有得到解決。
EN： 'Nevertheless' is a conjunctive adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with what has just been said. It is more formal than 'however' or 'but'.
中文： 「Nevertheless」是一個連接副詞，用於引出與前文形成對比的陳述。它比「however」或「but」更為正式。
The project was plagued by delays; nevertheless, it was completed on budget.
該項目受到延誤的困擾；儘管如此，它還是在預算內完成了。
EN： In financial reporting, it is common to contrast high revenue growth with persistent net losses, especially in high-tech or capital-intensive industries like aerospace. The term 'loss-making' is a standard business descriptor for companies that have not yet reached profitability.
中文： 在財經報導中，將高營收增長與持續淨虧損進行對比是很常見的，特別是在航太等高科技或資本密集型產業。 「loss-making」是描述尚未實現盈利公司的標準商業用語。
EN： This sentence uses an inverted structure (Complement + Verb + Subject) for emphasis. 'Particularly striking' is the subject complement moved to the front to highlight the intensity of the observation, while 'the deterioration...' is the actual grammatical subject.
中文： 本句使用了倒裝結構（補語 + 動詞 + 主詞）以示強調。「Particularly striking」（特別引人注目）是移至句首的表語，用以突顯觀察到的強度，而「the deterioration...」（惡化）才是真正的語法主詞。
Equally impressive was the team's ability to recover from the setback.
同樣令人印象深刻的是該團隊從挫折中恢復的能力。
EN： The relative adverb 'when' introduces a non-restrictive relative clause, providing additional information about the specific time period (the first quarter of this year).
中文： 關係副詞「when」引導一個非限制性關係子句，為特定的時間段（今年第一季度）提供額外的補充資訊。
The company went public in 2010, when the market was at its peak.
該公司於 2010 年上市，當時市場正處於巔峰時期。
EN： The phrase 'compared with' is used here as a participle phrase to establish a contrast between two data points. 'Merely' is an adverb used to emphasize how small the second figure is in comparison to the first.
中文： 短語「compared with」在此作為分詞短語，用於建立兩個數據點之間的對比。「Merely」（僅僅）是一個副詞，用來強調第二個數字與第一個數字相比是多麼微小。
The new model costs $1,000, compared with only $600 for the previous version.
新模型售價 1,000 美元，而舊版本僅需 600 美元。
EN： In financial reporting, the use of 'merely' and 'surged' reflects a narrative stance. While the data is objective, the choice of words highlights the severity of the financial downturn, which is a common style in high-level business journalism (like the Financial Times or The Economist) to guide investor sentiment.
中文： 在財經新聞報導中，「merely」（僅僅）和「surged」（飆升）的使用反映了敘事立場。雖然數據是客觀的，但詞彙的選擇突顯了財務下滑的嚴重性。這是高階商業新聞（如《金融時報》或《經濟學人》）中常見的風格，旨在引導投資者的情緒與判斷。
EN： The present perfect tense ('have cautioned') is used here to indicate a recent action that has ongoing relevance to the current situation, a common feature in news reporting to bridge past events with present implications.
中文： 現在完成式（have cautioned）在此用於表示最近發生的動作，且該動作與當前情況具有持續的相關性。這是新聞報導中的常見特徵，旨在將過去的事件與現狀的影響聯繫起來。
Economists have warned that inflation might persist through the end of the year.
經濟學家警告說，通貨膨脹可能會持續到年底。
EN： The modal verb 'could' expresses a strong possibility or potential consequence in the future. In formal business contexts, it is preferred over 'can' to sound more speculative and cautious.
中文： 情態助動詞「could」表達了未來強烈的可能性或潛在後果。在正式商業語境中，它比「can」更受青睞，因為它聽起來更具推測性且更為謹慎。
The new regulations could affect the company's profit margins.
新法規可能會影響公司的利潤率。
EN： The present participle 'widening' acts as an adjective modifying 'deficits'. It describes a continuous process of change, emphasizing that the gap is still growing.
中文： 現在分詞「widening」作為形容詞修飾「deficits」（赤字）。它描述了一個持續變化的過程，強調差距仍在不斷擴大。
The widening gap between the rich and the poor is a global concern.
貧富之間不斷擴大的差距是一個全球性的關注點。
EN： In financial English, 'flotation' (common in British English) or 'IPO' (Initial Public Offering) refers to the process of a private company offering shares to the public for the first time. The term 'undermine' is a powerful verb often used in business to describe the gradual weakening of something abstract like 'trust', 'authority', or 'confidence'.
中文： 在財經英語中，「flotation」（常見於英式英語）或「IPO」（首次公開募股）是指私營公司首次向公眾發行股票的過程。動詞「undermine」是一個強而有力的詞彙，在商業語境中常用於描述逐漸削弱抽象事物，如「信任」、「權威」或「信心」。
EN： The Oxford Comma (Serial Comma) is used before the coordinating conjunction (and) in a list of three or more items. In formal business and technical writing, it ensures clarity and prevents ambiguity between the final two items.
中文： 牛津逗號（序列逗號）用於包含三個或更多項目的列表中的對等連接詞（and）之前。在正式的商業和技術寫作中，它能確保清晰度，防止最後兩個項目之間產生歧義。
The company specializes in robotics, automation, and machine learning.
該公司專攻機器人技術、自動化和機器學習。
EN： Parallel Structure in Noun Phrases: When listing categories or business sectors, it is essential to maintain grammatical consistency. Here, 'space' (noun), 'connectivity' (noun), and 'artificial intelligence' (noun phrase) all function as parallel thematic pillars.
中文： 名詞短語中的平行結構：在列舉類別或業務部門時，保持語法一致性至關重要。在這裡，「space」（名詞）、「connectivity」（名詞）和「artificial intelligence」（名詞短語）皆作為平行的主題支柱。
EN： This sentence summarizes the three pillars of Elon Musk's modern industrial strategy. 'Space' refers to SpaceX, 'connectivity' refers to the Starlink satellite network, and 'artificial intelligence' refers to xAI and the integration of AI into his other platforms.
中文： 這句話總結了埃隆·馬斯克現代工業戰略的三大支柱。「太空」指 SpaceX，「通訊」指星鏈衛星網路，而「人工智慧」則指 xAI 以及將 AI 整合到他的其他平台中。
EN： Non-restrictive relative clauses use 'which' to provide extra information about a noun that is already clearly identified. It is separated by commas and cannot be replaced by 'that'.
中文： 非限定用法關係子句使用 'which' 來為已經明確指定的名詞提供額外資訊。此用法必須使用逗號隔開，且不能用 'that' 替換。
The new headquarters, which cost $500 million to build, will open next year.
新總部（耗資 5 億美元建造）將於明年啟用。
EN： The verb 'house' is used metaphorically in business contexts to mean that a specific department or company is part of a larger organization or structure.
中文： 動詞 'house' 在商業語境中常被隱喻地使用，意指某個特定部門或公司被納入一個更大的組織或架構之中。
The research wing houses the company's most advanced laboratory equipment.
該研究部門配置了公司最先進的實驗設備。
EN： The preposition 'at' is used to specify a precise numerical value, especially when reporting financial figures or statistics.
中文： 介系詞 'at' 用於指定精確的數值，特別是在報告財務數據或統計資料時。
The company's valuation was pegged at $50 billion after the latest funding round.
在最新一輪融資後，該公司的估值被定在 500 億美元。
EN： In financial reporting, 'connectivity' often refers to telecommunications and internet services. The mention of Starlink highlights the shift in the space industry from pure exploration to providing global infrastructure, reflecting the commercialization of low-Earth orbit.
中文： 在財經報告中，「connectivity」（通訊/連線性）通常指電信與網路服務。文中提到星鏈（Starlink）凸顯了航太產業從純粹的探索轉向提供全球基礎設施的轉變，反映了近地軌道的商業化趨勢。
EN： The use of em-dashes (—) to create parenthetical information. This provides additional detail or clarification about the preceding noun phrase without using a relative clause.
中文： 使用破折號 (—) 來插入補充說明。這能為前面的名詞短語提供額外的細節或澄清，而無需使用關係子句，使句子結構更具層次感。
The new policy—implemented last month—has already improved efficiency.
這項新政策——於上個月實施——已經提高了效率。
EN： The past participle phrase 'driven largely by...' functions as an adjective modifying 'losses'. It explains the cause or origin of the losses.
中文： 過去分詞短語「driven largely by...」作為形容詞修飾「losses」（損失）。它解釋了損失的原因或來源，是一種精簡的被動語態表達方式。
The company's success was driven by innovative marketing strategies.
該公司的成功是由創新的營銷策略所推動的。
EN： The phrase 'formerly known as' is a standard formal expression used to refer to a previous name of an entity.
中文： 短語「formerly known as」（以前稱為）是一個標準的正式表達方式，用於提及某個實體之前的名稱。
Ho Chi Minh City, formerly known as Saigon, is the largest city in Vietnam.
胡志明市，以前稱為西貢，是越南最大的城市。
EN： The mention of 'the social media platform formerly known as Twitter' refers to Elon Musk's rebranding of Twitter to 'X' in 2023. This phrasing is common in journalism to ensure clarity during the transition period of a major brand name change.
中文： 提到「以前稱為 Twitter 的社交媒體平台」是指埃隆·馬斯克在 2023 年將 Twitter 改名為「X」。這種寫法在新聞報導中很常見，目的是在重大品牌更名過渡期間確保讀者能清楚理解所指的對象。
EN： The preposition 'with' is used here to introduce an absolute construction (with + noun + -ing/phrase), providing supplementary information or describing a concurrent circumstance that adds detail to the main clause.
中文： 介系詞「with」在此處用於引導獨立主格結構（with + 名詞 + 分詞/短語），提供補充資訊或描述與主句同時發生的情況，為句子增加細節。
The company expanded rapidly, with international sales accounting for half of its revenue.
該公司擴張迅速，其中國際銷售額佔其營收的一半。
EN： The phrasal verb 'account for' means to form a particular amount or part of something, often used in financial or statistical contexts to explain the composition of a total.
中文： 片語動詞「account for」意為「佔（一定比例或數量）」，常用於財務或統計背景，用來解釋總額的組成部分。
Renewable energy now accounts for 30% of the country's electricity production.
再生能源目前佔該國電力生產的 30%。
EN： The preposition 'across' is used to indicate that something is happening throughout or in every part of a particular area, organization, or group.
中文： 介系詞「across」用於表示某事發生在特定區域、組織或群體的各個部分或整個範圍內。
The CEO implemented new safety protocols across all departments.
執行長在所有部門實施了新的安全協議。
EN： The term 'conglomerate' refers to a multi-industry company, often resulting from mergers and acquisitions. In the context of Elon Musk, it highlights the complexity of his business interests, which range from aerospace (SpaceX) to social media (Twitter) and AI (xAI).
中文： 「conglomerate」（企業集團）是指跨足多個產業的大型公司，通常透過併購形成。在埃隆·馬斯克的語境下，這凸顯了他商業版圖的複雜性，涵蓋了從航太（SpaceX）到社群媒體（Twitter）以及人工智慧（xAI）等多個領域。
EN： The correlative conjunction 'not merely... but (also)...' is used to emphasize that the second part of the statement is even more important or significant than the first. It is a more formal and sophisticated alternative to 'not only... but also'.
中文： 相關連詞「not merely... but (also)...」用於強調陳述的第二部分比第一部分更重要或更具意義。這是「not only... but also」更正式且更高級的替代用法。
The project was not merely a financial success but a breakthrough in sustainable technology.
該項目不僅僅是財務上的成功，更是永續技術領域的一項突破。
EN： The word 'vehicle' is used here metaphorically to mean a medium or means through which something is achieved or expressed, rather than a physical mode of transport.
中文： 「vehicle」一詞在此處為隱喻用法，意指達成或表達某事物的「媒介」或「手段」，而非指物理上的交通工具。
Art can be a powerful vehicle for social change.
藝術可以成為推動社會變革的強大媒介。
EN： The verb 'envision' implies imagining a future possibility or visualizing something that does not yet exist, often used in professional or visionary contexts.
中文： 動詞「envision」意指想像未來的可能性或構想尚不存在的事物，常用於專業或具有遠見的語境中。
The architect envisions a city powered entirely by renewable energy.
建築師構想了一座完全由再生能源驅動的城市。
EN： The sentence reflects the dual nature of Elon Musk's public persona: a hard-nosed businessman (profitable enterprise) and a futuristic visionary (Mars colonization). In Silicon Valley culture, this 'visionary' approach often justifies massive short-term losses for the sake of long-term human advancement.
中文： 這句話反映了埃隆·馬斯克公眾形象的雙重性：精明的商人（營利企業）與未來主義的遠見者（火星殖民）。在矽谷文化中，這種「遠見卓識」的方法通常被用來證明為了人類長期進步而產生的巨大短期虧損是合理的。
EN： The sentence uses an inverted conditional structure ('Were investors to...') which is a formal alternative to 'If investors were to...'. This is a second conditional form used to discuss hypothetical or unlikely future scenarios.
中文： 本句使用了倒裝條件句結構（Were investors to...），這是「If investors were to...」的正式替代用法。這屬於第二類條件句，用於討論假設性或不太可能發生的未來情況。
Were the CEO to resign tomorrow, the company's stock would likely plummet.
倘若執行長明天辭職，公司的股價可能會大幅下跌。
EN： The phrase 'necessary to transform' uses an adjective followed by an infinitive to define the purpose or requirement of the 'resources'.
中文： 短語「necessary to transform」使用形容詞後接不定詞，用來定義「資源（resources）」的目的或必要條件。
She has the skills necessary to lead this project.
她具備領導這個項目所需的技能。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'from... into...' is used here to describe a complete transformation or conversion from one state to another.
中文： 介系詞短語「from... into...」在此用於描述從一種狀態到另一種狀態的徹底轉變或轉換。
The caterpillar transformed from a larva into a beautiful butterfly.
毛毛蟲從幼蟲變成了美麗的蝴蝶。
EN： The sentence reflects the high-stakes, visionary nature of Silicon Valley's 'deep tech' sector, where long-term goals like Mars colonization are often prioritized over immediate profitability. The term 'commercial reality' highlights the transition of space exploration from government-funded projects (like NASA) to private sector business models.
中文： 這句話反映了矽谷「深科技」領域高風險、遠見卓識的特點，在該領域，像火星殖民這樣的長期目標往往優先於即時盈利。「商業現實（commercial reality）」一詞強調了太空探索正從政府資助項目（如 NASA）轉向私營部門商業模式的轉變。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express theoretical possibility or potentiality in a rhetorical question, often used in formal writing to introduce a central debate.
中文： 助動詞「can」在此處用於表達理論上的可能性或潛在性，常用於正式寫作中的修辭問句，藉此引出核心辯題。
Can traditional values survive in a rapidly modernizing society?
傳統價值觀能否在快速現代化的社會中生存？
EN： Compound subjects joined by 'and' (visionary ambition and financial sustainability) take a plural verb form. In this sentence, the verb 'coexist' is in its base form following the modal 'can'.
中文： 由「and」連接的複合主詞（遠大的抱負與財務的可持續性）需使用複數動詞形式。在本句中，動詞「coexist」位於助動詞「can」之後，故使用原形動詞。
Innovation and regulation often clash in the tech industry.
創新與監管在科技產業中經常發生衝突。
EN： The preposition 'within' is used to indicate that something is inside the limits or boundaries of an abstract or physical entity, such as a 'corporate structure'.
中文： 介係詞「within」用於表示某物處於抽象或實體對象（如「公司架構」）的範圍或邊界之內。
Change must come from within the organization.
變革必須從組織內部開始。
EN： This sentence reflects a classic tension in Silicon Valley culture: the conflict between 'visionary' goals (like Mars colonization) and the 'sustainability' required by traditional financial markets. It questions whether the 'Musk model' of high-burn, high-reward investment is compatible with public stock market expectations.
中文： 這句話反映了矽谷文化中一種經典的緊張關係：即「遠大願景」（如火星殖民）與傳統金融市場所要求的「可持續性」之間的衝突。它質疑馬斯克那種高燃燒率、高回報的投資模式，是否能與公開股票市場的預期相容。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 公司股票首次公開發行（IPO），即公司在證券交易所上市的過程。
在本文中： 招股說明書；內容包含公司財務狀況及未來計畫的法律文件，供投資者參考。
在本文中： 大膽的、敢於冒險的，通常指不畏艱難或不按常理出牌的計畫。
在本文中： 企業集團；由多個經營不同業務的子公司組成的大型企業。
在本文中： 總計的、合計的；將多個部分加總在一起的結果。
在本文中： 惡化、退化；指情況變得比以前更糟的過程。
在本文中： 削弱、損害；暗中破壞（信心、權威或基礎）。
在本文中： 令人震驚的、驚人的；通常指數量或程度大到難以置信。
在本文中： 支出、花費；尤指企業或政府的大宗開支。
在本文中： 殖民化；在新的地方（如外星球）建立居住地並進行開發。
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
The act of offering shares of a company to the public for the first time.
公開發行
Not making a profit; losing money.
虧損的
Money spent by a business or organization on acquiring or maintaining fixed assets, such as land, buildings, and equipment.
資本支出
Fiction based on imagined future scientific or technological advances.
科學幻想（科幻）