EN： The verb 'turn' is often used with the preposition 'into' to describe a transformation or change from one state, form, or category to another (Turn A into B).
中文： 動詞「turn」常與介係詞「into」連用，用來描述從一種狀態、形式或類別轉變為另一種（將 A 變成 B）。
She turned her hobby into a successful business.
她將她的愛好變成了一門成功的生意。
EN： In news headlines or titles, 'How' is frequently used to introduce a noun clause that explains the process or method by which something happened.
中文： 在新聞標題或題目中，「How」常用來引導名詞子句，解釋某事發生的過程或方法。
How the team won the championship.
這支隊伍是如何贏得冠軍的。
EN： In the UK, tinned tomatoes are a basic pantry staple, often bought as cheap supermarket own-label products. Mutti's success in branding them as a 'status symbol' reflects a growing consumer trend toward premiumization in everyday cooking ingredients.
中文： 在英國，罐裝番茄是基本的民生必需品，通常被視為廉價的超市自有品牌產品。穆蒂成功將其品牌化為「地位象徵」，反映了消費者在日常烹飪食材上追求高端化的趨勢。
EN： Appositive: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename it or describe it in more detail. In this sentence, 'an Italian brand of tinned tomatoes' describes 'Mutti'.
中文： 同位語：緊跟在另一個名詞後面的名詞或名詞短語，用於重新命名或提供更詳細的描述。在本句中，「an Italian brand of tinned tomatoes」是用來描述「穆蒂」。
Mr. Smith, my English teacher, is very kind.
史密斯先生，我的英文老師，非常親切。
EN： Prepositional Phrase 'close to + gerund': The word 'to' here is a preposition, not part of an infinitive, so it must be followed by a gerund (-ing form) to indicate being near a certain state or action.
中文： 介系詞短語「close to + 動名詞」：這裡的「to」是介系詞，而非不定詞的一部分，因此後面必須接動名詞（-ing 形式），表示接近某種狀態或動作。
The team is close to winning the championship.
該隊伍即將贏得冠軍。
EN： In the UK, 'supermarket own-label' products (like Tesco or Sainsbury's brands) are very popular because they are cheaper. A 'non-supermarket brand' refers to independent companies like Mutti that specialize in specific products, often positioned as higher quality or 'premium'.
中文： 在英國，「超市自有品牌」產品（如 Tesco 或 Sainsbury's 的品牌）因價格較低而非常受歡迎。「非超市自有品牌」則是指像穆蒂這樣專注於特定產品的獨立公司，通常定位為高品質或「高端」品牌。
EN： Present Perfect Continuous Tense (has been + -ing): This tense is used to describe an action that started in the past and is still continuing in the present, often emphasizing the duration or ongoing nature of the activity.
中文： 現在完成進行式 (has been + -ing)：此時態用於描述從過去某個時間點開始，並一直持續到現在的動作，通常強調動作的持續性或過程。
She has been studying English for three hours.
她已經連續讀了三個小時的英文了。
EN： The conjunction 'since': Used to indicate the starting point of an action or state. When 'since' introduces a clause, the verb in that clause is usually in the Simple Past tense, while the main clause uses the Present Perfect.
中文： 連接詞「since」：用於表示動作或狀態的起點。當 since 引導子句時，該子句的動詞通常使用過去簡單式，而主要子句則使用現在完成式。
I have lived here since I was a child.
我自從孩提時代就一直住在這裏。
EN： The mention of 'UK sales' and 'the country' highlights Mutti's international expansion. In the UK, Italian food products are often perceived as high-quality, which aligns with Mutti's strategy of positioning itself as a premium brand compared to supermarket own-label versions.
中文： 提到「英國銷售額」和「該國」突顯了穆蒂的國際擴張。在英國，義大利食品通常被視為高品質的象徵，這與穆蒂將自己定位為優於超市自有品牌的高端品牌策略相契合。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'with + noun phrase' is used here as an accompaniment or to provide additional descriptive information about the main clause.
中文： 介係詞短語「with + 名詞短語」在此處用作伴隨狀語，提供關於主句的額外描述性資訊或補充數據。
The company expanded its business, with a growth rate of five percent.
該公司擴大了業務，增長率為百分之五。
EN： The phrase 'for the first time' is an adverbial phrase used to indicate that an event has never happened before until that moment.
中文： 短語「for the first time」是一個副詞短語，用來表示某事在該時刻之前從未發生過，即「第一次」。
He visited the UK for the first time last summer.
他去年夏天第一次訪問了英國。
EN： In the UK, the grocery market is highly competitive, and 'supermarket own-label' products (generic brands created by the stores themselves) usually dominate because of their lower price. For a premium brand like Mutti to reach number one is a significant shift in consumer behavior, indicating a preference for quality over cost.
中文： 在英國，雜貨市場競爭非常激烈，「超市自有品牌」（由商店自行創建的通用品牌）通常因價格較低而佔據主導地位。對於像穆蒂這樣的優質品牌來說，能達到第一名是消費者行為的重大轉變，表明消費者開始偏好品質而非僅僅考慮成本。
EN： The use of 'more than' is a common way to express a quantity that exceeds a specific number. It functions as a comparative modifier for the numeral 'sixty percent'.
中文： 「more than」的用法是表達超過特定數量的常見方式。它作為數字「百分之六十」的比較修飾語。
More than fifty people attended the meeting.
超過五十人參加了會議。
EN： The word 'still' is an adverb of time used to indicate that a situation continues to exist or happen, positioned before the main verb 'control'.
中文： 「still」是一個時間副詞，用於表示某種情況仍然存在或發生，通常置於主要動詞「control」之前。
He still lives in the same house.
他仍然住在同一棟房子裡。
EN： In the UK, 'own-label' or 'private label' products are very common in supermarkets like Tesco, Sainsbury's, and Waitrose. These are often seen as budget-friendly alternatives to big brands, though some premium own-labels compete directly on quality.
中文： 在英國，超市（如 Tesco、Sainsbury's 和 Waitrose）的「自有品牌」（own-label 或 private label）產品非常普遍。這些產品通常被視為大品牌的平價替代品，儘管一些高端自有品牌在品質上直接與大品牌競爭。
EN： Non-defining relative clauses use 'which' to provide extra information about the preceding clause or noun. They are always separated by a comma.
中文： 非限定用法關係子句使用 'which' 來對前面的子句或名詞提供額外補充資訊。這類子句前面通常會加上逗號與主句隔開。
The car is very old, which is why it breaks down so often.
這輛車很舊，這就是它為什麼經常故障的原因。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a defining relative clause to identify exactly which 'supermarket brands' are being referred to.
中文： 關係代名詞 'that' 引導限定用法關係子句，用來明確界定是指哪些「超市品牌」（即那些售價約五十便士的品牌）。
I like the brands that use organic ingredients.
我喜歡那些使用有機原料的品牌。
EN： In the UK, currency is expressed in pounds (£) and pence (p). 'One pound sixty' is a common shorthand for £1.60. Supermarket 'own-label' products are typically the most affordable options in British grocery stores.
中文： 在英國，貨幣單位為英鎊 (£) 和便士 (p)。'One pound sixty' 是 £1.60 的常用口語說法。超市「自有品牌」(own-label) 通常是英國雜貨店中最實惠的選擇。
EN： 'Despite' is a preposition used to show contrast. It must be followed by a noun, a pronoun, or a gerund (V-ing), not a full clause with a subject and verb.
中文： 「Despite」是一個表示讓步或對比的介係詞，意為「儘管」。其後必須接名詞、代名詞或動名詞（V-ing），不能接包含主詞和動詞的完整子句。
Despite the rain, we went for a walk.
儘管下著雨，我們還是去散步了。
EN： 'Because of' is a compound preposition used to introduce a reason. Like 'despite', it is followed by a noun phrase rather than a full sentence.
中文： 「Because of」是一個複合介係詞，用來引出原因。與「because」不同，它後面接的是名詞短語而非完整的句子。
The flight was delayed because of bad weather.
航班因為惡劣天氣而延誤了。
EN： In the UK market, tinned tomatoes are often seen as a basic, low-cost commodity. Mutti's success represents a shift toward 'premiumization' in everyday grocery items, where consumers are willing to pay more for heritage and perceived quality, even for simple ingredients.
中文： 在英國市場，罐裝番茄通常被視為廉價的基礎商品。穆蒂（Mutti）的成功代表了日常雜貨「高端化」的趨勢，消費者願意為品牌傳承和感知的品質支付更高價格，即使是簡單的食材也不例外。
EN： The preposition 'by' is used to indicate the amount of change or difference in statistics, such as percentages or prices.
中文： 介系詞「by」在此用於表示統計數據（如百分比或價格）變動或差異的幅度。
The price of coffee rose by ten percent this month.
這個月咖啡的價格上漲了百分之十。
EN： The present participle phrase 'reaching...' acts as an adverbial modifier, showing the result or consequence of the main action.
中文： 現在分詞短語「reaching...」作為副詞修飾語，用來表示主句動作產生的結果或後續影響。
The company expanded its factory, creating fifty new jobs.
公司擴建了工廠，創造了五十個新的工作機會。
EN： In the UK, financial figures are often expressed in 'pounds' (£). The mention of 'UK and Ireland' as a combined sales region is common for international brands due to geographical proximity and similar market structures.
中文： 在英國，財務數據通常以「英鎊」(£) 表示。國際品牌常將「英國與愛爾蘭」視為同一個銷售區域，這是因為兩地地理位置鄰近且市場結構相似。
EN： Non-defining relative clauses provide extra information about a noun and are separated by commas. They use 'which' for things and 'who' for people, but never 'that'.
中文： 非限定用法關係子句（Non-defining relative clauses）用於提供關於名詞的額外資訊，並以逗號隔開。指代事物時使用 'which'，指代人時使用 'who'，且不可使用 'that' 替換。
The new product, which was launched last month, is selling well.
這款上個月推出的新產品目前銷售情況良好。
EN： The present continuous tense (is + verb-ing) is used here to describe a current, ongoing process or trend that is happening around the present time.
中文： 現在進行式（is + 動詞-ing）在此處用於描述目前正在發生、持續進行中的過程或趨勢。
The company is expanding its operations in Europe.
該公司正在擴張其在歐洲的業務。
EN： In the UK, 'adverts' or 'ads' is the common term for commercials, whereas 'commercials' is more frequently used in American English. The mention of a 'six-million-pound' campaign highlights the significant investment Italian brands are making to capture the British premium market.
中文： 在英國，「adverts」或「ads」是廣告的常用說法，而美國英語則較常使用「commercials」。文中提到「六百萬英鎊」的活動，突顯了義大利品牌為了佔領英國高端市場所投入的鉅額資金。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the subject receives the action. 'Was founded' indicates that someone established the company in the past.
中文： 被動語態 (be 動詞 + 過去分詞)：用於主詞是動作的接受者時。「Was founded」表示該公司在過去被某人創立。
The school was founded in 1920.
這所學校創立於 1920 年。
EN： The phrase 'be based in' is used to describe the main location or headquarters of an organization or individual.
中文： 短語「be based in」用於描述一個組織或個人的主要所在地或總部位置。
Our marketing team is based in London.
我們的行銷團隊總部位於倫敦。
EN： Parma is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy, famous worldwide not only for Mutti tomatoes but also for its Parmigiano Reggiano cheese and Prosciutto di Parma (Parma ham). It is considered the heart of Italy's 'Food Valley'.
中文： 帕爾馬是義大利北部艾米利亞-羅馬涅大區的一座城市，享譽全球的不僅有穆蒂番茄，還有帕馬森乾酪（Parmigiano Reggiano）和帕爾馬火腿（Prosciutto di Parma）。它被認為是義大利「美食谷」的心臟地帶。
EN： Relative Clauses with 'that': A relative clause is used to provide more information about a noun (the antecedent). In this sentence, 'that processed...' describes the 'family-owned company'.
中文： 使用 'that' 的關係子句：關係子句用於提供關於名詞（先行詞）的更多資訊。在本句中，「that processed...」描述了「這家家族經營的公司」。
He works for a company that makes electric cars.
他在一家製造電動汽車的公司工作。
EN： Compound Adjectives: When two or more words are joined by a hyphen to modify a noun (like 'family-owned'), they function as a single adjective.
中文： 複合形容詞：當兩個或多個單字由連字號連接以修飾名詞時（如「family-owned」），它們的功能就像一個單一的形容詞。
They live in a five-story building.
他們住在一棟五層樓高的建築裡。
EN： In the context of European business, 'family-owned' companies like Mutti are highly respected for their long-term commitment to quality and heritage, often spanning several generations.
中文： 在歐洲商業背景下，像穆蒂這樣的「家族經營」公司因其對品質和傳承的長期承諾而備受尊敬，這些企業通常跨越好幾代人。
EN： The Present Simple tense is used here to describe a current state or a permanent situation. In this sentence, 'sells' indicates the brand's ongoing business activity.
中文： 現在簡單式（Present Simple）在此用於描述現狀或持久的情況。在句中，「sells」表示該品牌目前持續進行的商業活動。
The company exports its products to many countries.
這間公司將其產品出口到許多國家。
EN： Oxford Comma and Listing: When listing three or more items, commas are used to separate them. The comma before 'and' (the Oxford comma) helps clarify that the last two items are distinct.
中文： 牛津逗號與列舉：當列出三個或更多項目時，使用逗號將其隔開。在「and」之前的逗號（牛津逗號）有助於明確表示最後兩個項目是獨立的。
We bought apples, oranges, and bananas.
我們買了蘋果、柳橙和香蕉。
EN： In Italian cuisine, there are specific terms for tomato products: 'Passata' is uncooked tomato purée that has been strained of seeds and skins, while 'Paste' (concentrato) is highly concentrated tomato that has been cooked down. Understanding these distinctions is key to authentic Italian cooking.
中文： 在義大利料理中，番茄產品有特定的術語：「Passata」是指去皮去籽後的生番茄泥，而「Paste」（濃縮膏）則是經過長時間烹煮後的高度濃縮番茄。了解這些區別是掌握道地義大利烹飪的關鍵。
EN： Present Continuous Tense: Formed with 'be' + 'verb-ing', it describes an action happening right now or a current trend.
中文： 現在進行式：由「be 動詞 + 現在分詞 (V-ing)」構成，用於描述目前正在發生的動作或當前的趨勢。
The marketing team is currently developing a new strategy.
行銷團隊目前正在制定一項新策略。
EN： Present Participle as a Preposition: The word 'including' is a present participle used here as a preposition to introduce specific examples belonging to a larger group.
中文： 現在分詞作為介系詞：'including'（包括）在此處作為介系詞使用，用來引出屬於較大群體中的具體例子。
The price is fifty dollars, including tax.
價格是五十美元，包含稅金。
EN： The cities mentioned (Manchester, Liverpool, Edinburgh, Cardiff) represent major urban hubs across different parts of the UK: North West England, Scotland, and Wales, showing the brand's nationwide expansion strategy.
中文： 句中提到的城市（曼徹斯特、利物浦、愛丁堡、卡地夫）代表了英國不同地區的主要城市中心：英格蘭西北部、蘇格蘭和威爾斯，這顯示了該品牌在全國範圍內的擴張策略。
EN： Appositives: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename or describe it. Here, 'the great-grandson of one of the founders' provides more information about 'Francesco Mutti'.
中文： 同位語：緊跟在另一個名詞旁邊，用來重新命名或描述該名詞的名詞或名詞短語。在此句中，「the great-grandson of one of the founders」提供了關於「弗朗切斯科·穆蒂」的更多資訊。
Mr. Smith, my English teacher, is very kind.
史密斯先生，我的英文老師，非常親切。
EN： Indirect Questions: When a question is used as an object within a sentence, the word order changes to 'subject + verb' (statement order). Here, 'why the brand is becoming...' follows this rule.
中文： 間接問句：當一個疑問句在句子中充當受詞時，語序會變為「主詞 + 動詞」（陳述句語序）。在此句中，「why the brand is becoming...」遵循了這一規則。
I don't know where he lives.
我不知道他住在哪裡。
EN： In family-owned Italian businesses, the lineage (like being a 'great-grandson') is often highlighted to emphasize tradition, quality, and long-term commitment to the brand's values.
中文： 在義大利的家族企業中，家族血統（如「曾孫」身分）經常被強調，用以突顯傳統、品質以及對品牌價值的長期承諾。
EN： The phrase 'choose A over B' is a common structure used to express preference, meaning to select one option instead of another, usually because it is considered better.
中文： 短語「choose A over B」是一個常用結構，用來表達偏好，意指選擇其中一個選項而非另一個，通常是因為前者被認為更好。
Many people choose organic vegetables over regular ones for health reasons.
出於健康原因，許多人選擇有機蔬菜而非普通蔬菜。
EN： This sentence uses a 'that-clause' as a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'said'. It reports what the speaker stated.
中文： 本句使用「that 子句」作為名詞子句，充當動詞「said」的直接受詞。它用來轉述說話者所陳述的內容。
She said that the movie was very inspiring.
她說那部電影非常鼓舞人心。
EN： In the UK, there is a strong culture of 'supermarket own-label' products, which are typically cheaper. Mutti's success represents a shift where consumers are willing to pay a premium for authentic Italian heritage and quality, turning a basic pantry staple into a 'status symbol'.
中文： 在英國，存在著強大的「超市自有品牌」文化，這些產品通常較便宜。穆蒂的成功代表了一種轉變，即消費者願意為純正的義大利傳承和品質支付溢價，將基本的廚房主食變成了一種「地位象徵」。
EN： The 'that' clause functions as a noun clause (object clause) following the verb 'believes'. It introduces the specific thought or belief being expressed.
中文： 「that」引導的名詞子句（賓語從句）接在動詞「believes」之後，用來帶出具體的想法或信念內容。
She believes that the project will succeed.
她相信這個計畫會成功。
EN： The idiom 'play a role' means to have an effect or influence on something. Adding an adjective like 'significant' specifies the degree of that influence.
中文： 成語「play a role」意為「發揮作用」或「扮演角色」。加入形容詞如「significant」（顯著的）可以用來描述該影響力的程度。
Technology plays a significant role in modern education.
科技在現代教育中發揮著重要作用。
EN： The phrase 'across the UK' reflects the brand's ambition to expand beyond London and become a household name in all four nations of the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland).
中文： 「across the UK」（全英國）一詞反映了該品牌擴張至倫敦以外地區的野心，旨在成為聯合王國四個構成國（英格蘭、蘇格蘭、威爾斯和北愛爾蘭）家喻戶曉的名字。
EN： Passive Voice with Expectation: The structure 'be expected to + verb' is used to describe a prediction or a likely future event based on current evidence or general belief.
中文： 被動語態與預期：結構「be expected to + 動詞」用於根據目前的證據或普遍看法，描述對未來事件的預測或可能性。
The new Italian restaurant is expected to open next month.
這家新的義大利餐廳預計下個月開業。
EN： The phrase 'for the rest of' is used to indicate the remaining duration of a specific period, such as a day, month, or year.
中文： 短語「for the rest of」用於表示特定時段（如一天、一個月或一年）的剩餘時間。
He plans to stay in London for the rest of the week.
他計劃在本週剩餘的時間裡留在倫敦。
EN： In the UK market, 'supermarket own-label' products are very common and usually cheaper. For a brand like Mutti to hold the 'number one' position as a premium brand is a significant achievement in British consumer culture.
中文： 在英國市場，「超市自有品牌」產品非常普遍且通常較便宜。對於像穆蒂這樣的優質品牌來說，能保持「第一名」的地位在英國消費文化中是一項顯著的成就。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 地位的象徵；代表社會地位的物品
在本文中： 市場佔有率
在本文中： 自有品牌（通常指超市或零售商推出的品牌）
在本文中： （品牌或產品的）定位
在本文中： 加工；處理（原材料）
在本文中： 替代選擇
在本文中： 重要的；顯著的
在本文中： （有目的性的）活動；宣傳活動
在本文中： 省；省份
在本文中： 巡迴；遊歷
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
Tomatoes that have been preserved in a metal container.
番茄罐頭
To have an important effect or influence on a situation.
扮演重要角色；起重要作用
An organized course of action to promote and sell a product or service.
行銷活動
Sauces that are prepared and sold in a form that is ready to be used immediately.
即食醬料；預製醬汁