to result in or cause something to happen
導致、引起
解釋: 用於描述一個行動或情況如何產生特定的結果,常用於因果關係的陳述。
範例: No one had considered that less smoke could lead to an increase in ultrafine particles.
the degree to which the air is clean or polluted
空氣品質
解釋: 這是一個環境科學中的常見搭配詞,用來衡量空氣的乾淨程度。
範例: Many people have chosen these fuels because they are expected to improve air quality.
to return to a place, subject, or activity
回到、重新查看
解釋: 在文中指研究人員重新檢視之前的數據或回到特定的地點進行後續研究。
範例: The researchers went back to check outdoor air measurements.
in the way that was planned or thought likely to happen
正如預料、不出所料
解釋: 用來確認某事發生的方式與之前的預測或期望一致。
範例: As expected, smokeless fuels produced less visible smoke than wood or coal.
Particles with a diameter of less than 0.1 micrometers, often resulting from combustion.
超細懸浮微粒
解釋: 在日常英語中,"fine" 通常表示「好的」或「健康的」。但在科學語境中,"fine" 指的是「微小的」。"Ultrafine" 則是一個專業術語,指直徑小於 0.1 微米的極微小顆粒(比常見的 PM2.5 更小)。
範例: Ultrafine particles are particularly dangerous because they can enter the bloodstream.
To settle or accumulate in a specific place through a natural or physical process.
沉積 / 堆積
解釋: "Deposit" 最常見的日常用法是「銀行存款」或「支付押金」。但在生物學或醫學中,它描述物質(如微粒、脂肪或礦物質)停留在身體組織或器官內部的物理過程。
範例: Cholesterol can be deposited on the walls of the arteries.
A small amount of a substance taken to be tested or analyzed in a laboratory.
燃料樣本 / 試樣
解釋: "Sample" 在日常生活中常指「試用品」或「範例」。在科學研究中,它專指為了進行實驗、化驗而採集的「檢體」或「試樣」。
範例: The researchers collected water samples from the river to test for pollution.
Data points or readings collected by sensors to determine the concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere.
空氣監測數據 / 測量值
解釋: "Measurement" 通常指長度、寬度或重量的測量。在環境科學中,"air measurements" 指的是對空氣中各種化學物質或微粒濃度的「監測數據」或「讀數」。
範例: The city's air measurements showed a spike in nitrogen dioxide levels.