EN： Indirect questions (noun clauses as objects) are used to ask for information politely. Unlike direct questions ('Where is the train station?'), indirect questions follow statement word order (subject + verb): 'where the train station is'.
中文： 間接問句（作為賓語的名詞子句）用於禮貌地詢問資訊。與直接問句（Where is the train station?）不同，間接問句使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）：'where the train station is'。
Do you know what time the library closes?
你知道圖書館幾點關門嗎？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, starting a question to a stranger with 'Excuse me' is essential for politeness. Using an indirect question like 'Do you know where...' is considered much more polite and less demanding than a direct question like 'Where is...'.
中文： 在英語系國家中，向陌生人問路時以 'Excuse me' 開頭是基本的禮貌。使用像 'Do you know where...' 這樣的間接問句，比直接問 'Where is...' 聽起來更客氣、更不會有強加於人的感覺。
EN： An indirect question is a question embedded within another question or statement. In this sentence, 'where you want to go' is an indirect question functioning as the direct object of the verb 'tell'. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions use statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order (verb + subject). Therefore, we say 'where you want to go' instead of 'where do you want to go'.
中文： 間接問句（Indirect Question）是指嵌入在另一個問句或陳述句中的問句。在本句中，「where you want to go」是一個間接問句，作為動詞「tell」的直接受詞。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞）。因此，我們要說「where you want to go」，而不是「where do you want to go」。
Could you tell me what time the train leaves?
你能告訴我火車幾點出發嗎？
EN： The verb 'tell' is a ditransitive verb, which means it can take two objects: an indirect object (usually a person) and a direct object (usually a thing or a clause). In this structure, 'me' is the indirect object, and the noun clause 'where you want to go' is the direct object.
中文： 動詞「tell」是雙賓動詞（Ditransitive Verb），這意味著它可以接兩個受詞：間接受詞（通常是人）和直接受詞（通常是事物或子句）。在此結構中，「me」是間接受詞，而名詞子句「where you want to go」則是直接受詞。
She told me the truth.
她告訴了我真相。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, starting a helpful response with 'Sure' or 'Of course' is a common way to show friendliness and enthusiasm. It immediately reassures the person asking for help that you are willing to assist them before asking for more details.
中文： 在英語系國家中，用「Sure」（當然）或「Of course」（沒問題）來開始回答別人的請求，是一種展現友善與熱情的常見方式。這能在詢問更多細節之前，立刻讓尋求幫助的人感到安心，知道你非常樂意協助他們。
EN： The verb 'wonder' is often followed by an indirect question starting with 'if' or 'whether' to express curiosity or a polite inquiry. This structure functions as a noun clause serving as the direct object of 'wonder'. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions use statement word order (subject + verb).
中文： 動詞「wonder」（想知道）後面經常接由「if」或「whether」（是否）引導的間接問句，用來表達好奇或禮貌的詢問。此結構作為名詞子句，擔任「wonder」的直接受詞。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）。
I wonder if the library is open on Sundays.
我想知道圖書館星期天是否有開。
EN： The existential 'there is' structure is used to state the existence of a singular noun ('a bus stop'). In this sentence, it is embedded within the noun clause, maintaining its standard subject-verb order after 'if'.
中文： 存在句型「there is」用於表示單數名詞（此處為「a bus stop」公車站）的存在。在本句中，它被嵌入於名詞子句內，並在「if」之後保持其標準的主詞與動詞語序。
There is a convenience store around the corner.
轉角處有一家便利商店。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, asking a direct question like 'Where is the bus stop?' can sometimes feel too abrupt when approaching a stranger. Using indirect questions starting with 'I wonder if...' or 'Could you tell me...' is a common politeness strategy to soften the request.
中文： 在英語系國家中，向陌生人問路時，如果直接問「Where is the bus stop?」（公車站在哪裡？）有時會顯得過於突兀。使用以「I wonder if...」（我想知道是否...）或「Could you tell me...」（你能告訴我嗎...）開頭的間接問句，是英文中非常常見且禮貌的社交策略，能讓語氣聽起來更委婉。
EN： Indirect questions with 'which': When an information question is embedded inside another question (like 'Do you know...?'), it becomes an indirect question. The word order changes from question order to statement order (subject + verb). Here, 'which bus you need' is the noun clause serving as the direct object of 'know'.
中文： 使用 'which' 的間接問句：當一個資訊問句被嵌入另一個問句（如 'Do you know...?'）中時，它會變成間接問句。語序會從疑問句語序改為陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）。在此處，'which bus you need' 是名詞子句，作為 'know' 的直接受詞。
Do you know which book she bought?
你知道她買了哪本書嗎？
EN： The determiner 'which' is used to ask for specific information when there is a limited set of choices (e.g., a specific list of bus routes). It is followed directly by the noun it modifies ('bus').
中文： 限定詞 'which' 用於在有限的選項中（例如特定的公車路線列表）詢問特定資訊。它後面直接接它所修飾的名詞（'bus'）。
Which color do you prefer, blue or red?
你比較喜歡哪種顏色，藍色還是紅色？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, when helping a stranger with directions, it is common to ask clarifying questions like 'Do you know which bus you need?' to provide more precise help, as transit systems can be complex. It shows a polite and cooperative attitude.
中文： 在英語系國家的文化中，當為陌生人指路時，通常會詢問像「你知道你需要哪一班公車嗎？」這類澄清問題，以便提供更精確的協助，因為大眾運輸系統可能相當複雜。這展現了禮貌且樂於合作的態度。
EN： Indirect Questions: When embedding a question inside another statement or question (like 'Could you tell me...'), we use statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order. Here, 'how much the ticket costs' is used instead of 'how much does the ticket cost'.
中文： 間接問句：當我們把一個疑問句嵌入另一個陳述句或問句中（例如 'Could you tell me...'）時，必須使用陳述句的語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。在此處，使用的是 'how much the ticket costs'，而不是 'how much does the ticket cost'。
Do you know what time the train leaves?
你知道火車幾點出發嗎？
EN： Polite Requests with 'Could you...': 'Could' is the past form of 'can', but in this context, it is used to make a request sound more polite, formal, and indirect.
中文： 使用 'Could you...' 的禮貌請求：'Could' 是 'can' 的過去式，但在這種語境下，它被用來使請求聽起來更禮貌、正式且委婉。
Could you help me find my keys?
可以請你幫我找鑰匙嗎？
EN： In English-speaking countries, asking for information using indirect questions like 'Could you tell me...' is considered much more polite and socially appropriate than direct questions like 'How much does the ticket cost?', especially when speaking to strangers or service staff.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用像 'Could you tell me...' 這樣的間接問句來詢問資訊，會比直接問 'How much does the ticket cost?' 顯得更加禮貌且合乎社交禮儀，特別是在與陌生人或服務人員交談時。
EN： The phrase 'be not sure' is followed by a noun clause (indirect question) acting as the complement. In this sentence, 'how much it is now' is an indirect question, which must use statement word order (subject + verb) rather than question word order (verb + subject).
中文： 「be not sure」（不確定）後面接名詞子句（間接問句）作為補語。在此句子中，「how much it is now」是一個間接問句，必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞）。
I am not sure where he lives.
我不確定他住在哪裡。
EN： The wh-adverb 'how much' is used here to ask about the price or cost of something. When embedded in a noun clause, it functions as the conjunction introducing the clause.
中文： 疑問副詞「how much」在此用於詢問某物的價格或費用。當它嵌入名詞子句中時，其功能是作為引導該子句的連接詞。
Do you know how much this book costs?
你知道這本書多少錢嗎？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, saying 'I am not sure' is a polite and common way to decline answering a question when you lack information, often preferred over a blunt 'I don't know'. Adding 'now' at the end implies that prices may have changed recently, softening the statement further.
中文： 在英語系國家中，當你不知道資訊時，說「I am not sure」（我不確定）是一種禮貌且常見的拒絕回答方式，通常比生硬的「I don't know」（我不知道）更受青睞。在句尾加上「now」（現在）暗示價格最近可能有所變動，使語氣更加委婉。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) as the direct object of the verb 'know'. In English, when a question is embedded within another sentence, it loses its question word order (verb-subject) and takes on statement word order (subject-verb). Here, 'when the next bus comes' is the noun clause, where 'the next bus' is the subject and 'comes' is the verb.
中文： 本句使用了間接問句（名詞子句）作為動詞「know」的直接受詞。在英文中，當一個問句嵌入另一個句子時，它會失去原本的問句語序（動詞+主詞），而改用陳述句語序（主詞+動詞）。在此處，「when the next bus comes」是名詞子句，其中「the next bus」是主詞，「comes」是動詞。
Do you know where she lives?
你知道她住哪裡嗎？
EN： The simple present tense 'comes' is used here to describe a scheduled future event (the bus arrival). In English, we often use the simple present tense for timetables, schedules, and itineraries.
中文： 此處使用現在簡單式動詞「comes」來描述已排定的未來事件（公車抵達）。在英文中，我們經常使用現在簡單式來表示時刻表、日程表和行程安排。
The train leaves at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
火車明天早上九點出發。
EN： In English-speaking countries, asking strangers for transit information using indirect questions like 'Do you know...' or 'Could you tell me...' is considered much more polite and natural than direct questions like 'When does the next bus come?'.
中文： 在英語系國家，使用間接問句如「Do you know...」（你知道...嗎）或「Could you tell me...」（你能告訴我...嗎）來向陌生人詢問交通資訊，比直接問「When does the next bus come?」顯得更禮貌且自然。
EN： The sentence uses a noun clause starting with 'that' (which is omitted here) as the direct object of the verb 'think'. The structure is 'Subject + think + (that) + Subject + Verb'. It is commonly used to express an opinion or suggestion politely.
中文： 本句在動詞「think」（認為）後面接了一個省略連接詞「that」的名詞子句作為受詞。結構為「主詞 + think + (that) + 主詞 + 動詞」，常用於客氣地表達個人意見或建議。
I think we should leave now.
我想我們現在該走了。
EN： The phrase 'what time it arrives' is an indirect question functioning as the noun clause object of the verb 'check'. In indirect questions, the word order must be statement order (Subject + Verb: 'it arrives') rather than question order ('does it arrive').
中文： 「what time it arrives」是一個間接問句，作為動詞「check」的賓語（名詞子句）。在間接問句中，語序必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞：「it arrives」），而非疑問句語序（「does it arrive」）。
Do you know what time the movie starts?
你知道電影幾點開始嗎？
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) as the direct object of the verb 'tell'. In English, when a question is embedded inside another sentence, it loses its question word order (verb + subject) and takes on statement word order (subject + verb). Therefore, we say 'where the restroom is' instead of 'where is the restroom'.
中文： 本句使用了間接問句（名詞子句）作為動詞「tell」的直接受詞。在英文中，當一個問句嵌入到另一個句子中時，它會失去原本的問句語序（動詞 + 主詞），而改用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）。因此，我們要說「where the restroom is」，而不是「where is the restroom」。
Do you know what time the movie starts?
你知道電影幾點開始嗎？
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to make a polite request. Using 'Can you tell me...' is a common and polite way to ask for information from strangers, though 'Could you...' is slightly more formal.
中文： 助動詞「can」在此處用於表示禮貌的請求。使用「Can you tell me...」是向陌生人詢問資訊時常用且禮貌的表達方式，而「Could you...」則會顯得更為正式一些。
Can you help me find my keys?
你能幫我找我的鑰匙嗎？
EN： In American English, 'restroom' is the most common and polite term to use in public places like restaurants or theaters. In British English, 'toilet' or 'loo' is more frequently used, while 'bathroom' is typically reserved for a room with a bathtub or shower in a private home.
中文： 在美式英文中，「restroom」是在餐廳或戲院等公共場所最常用且最禮貌的洗手間說法。在英式英文中，則較常使用「toilet」或「loo」；而「bathroom」通常專指私人家中配有浴缸或淋浴設備的浴室。
EN： The sentence uses 'show + indirect object (you) + direct object (where it is)'. The direct object is a noun clause (indirect question) introduced by the wh-adverb 'where'. In noun clauses, the word order must be subject + verb ('it is'), not verb + subject ('is it').
中文： 本句使用了「show + 間接受詞 (you) + 直接受詞 (where it is)」的結構。直接受詞是一個由疑問副詞「where」引導的名詞子句（間接問句）。在名詞子句中，語序必須是「主詞 + 動詞」（it is），而非疑問句的「動詞 + 主詞」（is it）。
Can you show me where the library is?
你能告訴我圖書館在哪裡嗎？
EN： The modal verb 'will' is used here to express a spontaneous decision or a helpful offer made at the moment of speaking.
中文： 情態助動詞「will」在此處用於表示說話當下所做出的即時決定或提供協助的意願（我會/我來...）。
Don't worry, I will help you with your bags.
別擔心，我來幫你提包包。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, offering to physically show someone where a place is (rather than just giving directions) is considered extremely polite and helpful. Using 'Sure' at the beginning sets a warm, welcoming tone.
中文： 在英語系國家中，主動提議親自帶路（而不僅僅是口頭指路）被視為非常禮貌且熱心的表現。句首使用 'Sure' 奠定了溫暖且樂於助人的友善基調。
EN： The verb 'wonder' is often followed by an indirect question (noun clause) introduced by a question word like 'why', 'how', 'where', etc. In indirect questions, we use statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order.
中文： 動詞「wonder」（想知道）後面經常接由疑問詞（如 why, how, where 等）引導的間接問句（名詞子句）。在間接問句中，必須使用陳述句的語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句的倒裝語序。
I wonder where she bought that beautiful dress.
我想知道她是在哪裡買那件漂亮洋裝的。
EN： The adverb 'so' is used before adjectives or adverbs to add emphasis, meaning 'to such a great degree' or 'extremely'.
中文： 副詞「so」用於形容詞或副詞之前以示強調，表示「如此地」或「非常」。
The weather is so warm today.
今天天氣真暖和。
EN： Using 'I wonder...' is a very common and polite way in English-speaking cultures to express curiosity or to indirectly ask a question without sounding too demanding or intrusive.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用「I wonder...」（我想知道.../不知為何...）是一種非常常見且禮貌的表達方式。它能用來表達好奇，或間接地提出問題，而不會顯得過於強硬或唐突。
EN： The phrase 'I don't know why' functions as an indirect question where the noun clause 'why [something is the case]' is abbreviated. The subject and verb after 'why' are omitted because they are understood from the context, a common conversational ellipsis.
中文： 「I don't know why」這個片語作為間接問句使用，其中「why」引導的名詞子句被省略了。在口語中，因為上下文語意明確，常會省略「why」後面的主詞與動詞，這是一種常見的省略現象。
She looks sad, and I don't know why.
她看起來很傷心，而我不知道為什麼。
EN： The adjective 'near' is used here as a predicative adjective meaning 'close in time' or 'approaching soon'. It describes the festival occurring in the near future.
中文： 形容詞「near」在此處用作敘述形容詞，意思是「時間上接近的」或「即將到來的」，用來描述該節日即將在不久的將來舉行。
Don't worry, the exams are over and the holidays are near.
別擔心，考試已經結束，假期就要到了。
EN： Indirect questions (embedded questions) are used when a question is placed inside another sentence. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions follow statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order (verb + subject). In this sentence, 'where the museum was' is the indirect question, functioning as the direct object of the verb 'asked'.
中文： 間接問句（嵌入式問句）是指將一個疑問句放入另一個句子中。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞）。在本句中，「where the museum was」是間接問句，作為動詞「asked」的直接受詞。
She asked me where the library is.
她問我圖書館在哪裡。
EN： Sequence of tenses (backshift) in reported speech. When the reporting verb is in the past tense ('asked'), the verb in the reported clause or indirect question often shifts back into a past tense ('was' instead of 'is') to maintain tense consistency.
中文： 間接引語中的時態一致（時態後退）。當主要動詞為過去式（如「asked」）時，轉述子句或間接問句中的動詞通常也需要轉為過去式（用「was」代替「is」），以保持時態的一致性。
He wanted to know what time the store closed.
他想知道商店什麼時候打烊。
EN： The structure 'be + adjective + to-infinitive' is used to express feelings or reactions to an action. In this sentence, 'was happy to tell' indicates that the speaker felt pleased or willing to perform the action of telling.
中文： 「be 動詞 + 形容詞 + 不定詞 (to V)」結構用於表達對某個動作的感受或反應。在本句中，「was happy to tell」表示說話者對於「告訴她」這個動作感到高興或樂意。
She was glad to help her neighbors with their garden.
她很高興能幫鄰居整理花園。
EN： An indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'how' functions as the direct object of the verb 'tell'. It follows the statement word order (subject + verb): 'how she could get there', rather than the question word order 'how could she get there'.
中文： 由「how」引導的間接問句（名詞子句）作為動詞「tell」的直接受詞。它必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）：「how she could get there」，而非疑問句語序「how could she get there」。
He explained how we could solve the problem.
他解釋了我們該如何解決這個問題。
EN： The conjunction 'if' is used to introduce noun clauses (indirect questions) expressing doubt or uncertainty, meaning 'whether'. In past tense reporting, the verb in the noun clause must shift back to match the main verb (backshift of tenses: 'is' becomes 'was').
中文： 連接詞「if」用於引導名詞子句（間接問句），表示懷疑或不確定，意思是「是否」。在過去時態的轉述中，子句中的動詞必須向後推移以配合主句動詞（時態一致：'is' 變成 'was'）。
He asked if the library was open on weekends.
他問圖書館週末是否有開放。
EN： The adverb 'also' is used to add extra information. In a sentence, it typically goes before the main verb (except for the verb 'to be').
中文： 副詞「also」用於添加額外資訊。在句子中，它通常放在一般動詞之前（be 動詞之外）。
They also wanted to visit the local market.
他們也想去逛當地的市場。
EN： In many Western countries, museums and galleries are traditionally closed on Mondays for maintenance and staff rest. This makes 'wondering if they are open on Monday' a very practical and common travel scenario.
中文： 在許多西方國家，博物館和美術館傳統上會在星期一閉館進行維護和讓員工休息。因此，「想知道星期一是否有開館」是一個非常實用且常見的旅遊情境。
EN： Indirect questions (noun clauses) function as objects. When an information question (like 'What time does it open?') is embedded within another sentence, it changes to statement word order (subject + verb) and the auxiliary verb 'does' is removed: 'what time it opened'.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）作為受詞使用。當一個資訊問句（如 'What time does it open?'）嵌入另一個句子中時，語序需改為陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），並省略助動詞 'does'：'what time it opened'。
Please tell me what time the library closes.
請告訴我圖書館幾點關門。
EN： The past simple tense is used here for backshift (sequence of tenses). Because the main reporting verb 'told' is in the past, the verbs in the noun clause ('opened' and 'closed') are also backshifted to the past tense, even though the schedule might still be true now.
中文： 此處使用過去簡單式以符合時態一致性（時態後移）。因為主要動詞 'told' 是過去式，所以名詞子句中的動詞（'opened' 和 'closed'）也必須後移為過去式，即使該營業時間目前仍然適用。
EN： Indirect Questions (Noun Clauses): When a question is embedded within another sentence, it follows statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order. Here, 'where she could find...' is a noun clause acting as the direct object of the verb 'asked'.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）：當一個問句嵌入另一個句子中時，它必須使用陳述句的語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句的倒裝語序。在此處，'where she could find...' 是一個名詞子句，作為動詞 'asked' 的直接受詞。
He asked me where I lived.
他問我住在哪裡。
EN： Tense Agreement (Backshift): In reported speech, when the reporting verb is in the past tense ('asked'), the verbs in the reported clause usually shift back into the past tense as well ('can' becomes 'could').
中文： 時態一致（時態後退）：在間接引語中，當主要動詞為過去式（'asked'）時，子句中的動詞通常也需要轉為過去式（'can' 變成 'could'）。
She wanted to know what time the train left.
她想知道火車什麼時候出發。
EN： The verb 'show' can take two objects: an indirect object (the person, 'her') and a direct object (the thing shown, 'where the night market was'). This is a ditransitive verb pattern (Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object).
中文： 動詞「show」（展示/指引）可以接兩個賓語（雙賓語結構）：間接賓語（人，「her」）與直接賓語（所展示的事物，「where the night market was」）。這屬於雙賓動詞句型（主詞 + 動詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語）。
He showed me his new car.
他向我展示了他的新車。
EN： An indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'where' is used as the direct object. In indirect questions, the word order must be statement order (Subject + Verb: 'the night market was') rather than question order ('was the night market'). The past tense 'was' is used to match the past tense of the main verb 'showed' (backshift/sequence of tenses).
中文： 由「where」引導的間接問句（名詞子句）在此作直接賓語。在間接問句中，語序必須是陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞：「the night market was」），而非疑問句語序（「was the night market」）。此處使用過去式「was」是為了與主要動詞「showed」的過去時態保持一致（時態一致原則）。
She told me where the library was.
她告訴我圖書館在哪裡。
EN： Night markets (夜市) are a central part of Taiwanese culture and daily life, famous for street food, snacks (小吃), and games. When tourists visit Taiwan, locals are often very enthusiastic about recommending and showing them where the nearest or best night markets are.
中文： 夜市是台灣文化與日常生活的核心部分，以街頭小吃和遊戲聞名。當遊客造訪台灣時，當地人通常會非常熱情地推薦並指引他們最近或最好的夜市在哪裡。
EN： Indirect questions (noun clauses) are used to ask questions politely or report questions. In an indirect question, the word order is subject + verb (statement order), not verb + subject (question order). For example, 'how much a bowl of noodles cost' instead of 'how much did a bowl of noodles cost'. Also, notice the backshift of tense to the past ('cost' is past tense here) to match the main verb 'wanted'.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）用於禮貌地提問或轉述問題。在間接問句中，語序為「主詞 + 動詞」（直述句語序），而非「動詞 + 主詞」（疑問句語序）。例如，此處使用 'how much a bowl of noodles cost'，而非 'how much did a bowl of noodles cost'。此外，請注意子句動詞時態需配合主句動詞 'wanted' 簡化為過去式（此處的 'cost' 為過去式）。
He wanted to know where the train station was.
他想知道火車站點在哪裡。
EN： The measure word 'a bowl of' is used to count uncountable nouns like 'noodles' or 'soup'. The noun following 'of' is plural for countable items (noodles) or singular/uncountable for liquids (soup).
中文： 量詞單位「a bowl of」（一碗...）用於計算像「麵條（noodles）」或「湯（soup）」這類不可數或集體名詞。在 'of' 後面的名詞，若是可數名詞（如麵條）要用複數，若是液體（如湯）則用單數或不可數形式。
I would like to order a bowl of rice.
我想點一碗飯。
EN： An indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'why' functions as the direct object of the verb 'explain'. In indirect questions, the word order is subject + verb (why our town was famous), not verb + subject (why was our town famous).
中文： 由「why」引導的間接問句（名詞子句）在此作為動詞「explain」的直接受詞。在間接問句中，語序必須是「主詞 + 動詞」（why our town was famous），而非疑問句的「動詞 + 主詞」（why was our town famous）。
She explained why she was late for the meeting.
她解釋了她開會遲到的原因。
EN： The adjective phrase 'be famous for' is used to describe what a person, place, or thing is well-known for. In this sentence, 'was famous for' is in the past tense to match the main verb 'explained'.
中文： 形容詞片語「be famous for」用於描述某人、事、物因何而聞名。在本句中，「was famous for」使用過去式，以與主要動詞「explained」的時態保持一致。
Italy is famous for its delicious pasta and pizza.
義大利以其美味的義大利麵和披薩而聞名。
EN： In Taiwan and many Asian cultures, 'snacks' (often referring to local street food or 'xiaochi') are a major source of local pride. Towns are frequently famous for one specific dish, and food culture is a central topic of conversation when welcoming tourists.
中文： 在台灣及許多亞洲文化中，「小吃」（通常指地方街頭美食）是地方驕傲的重要來源。各個小鎮經常因某一種特定美食而聞名，在接待遊客時，飲食文化往往是談話的核心主題。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It takes a singular verb.
中文： 動名詞當主詞：動名詞（動詞 + -ing）可以當作名詞使用，並在句子中擔任主詞。其後的動詞須使用單數動詞。
Reading books helps us expand our knowledge.
閱讀書籍幫助我們擴展知識。
EN： Noun Clause with 'How': 'How' can introduce a noun clause acting as the object of a verb or preposition. The word order inside the noun clause must be statement order (subject + verb), not question order.
中文： How 引導的名詞子句：'how' 可以引導名詞子句，作為動詞或介系詞的受詞。名詞子句內部的語序必須是陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。
I remember how beautiful the sunset was.
我記得那時的夕陽有多麼美麗。
EN： The phrase 'reminds me how kind people can be' reflects a common cultural value in English-speaking societies that emphasizes community support, empathy, and recognizing the everyday goodness in others.
中文： 片語 'reminds me how kind people can be' 反映了英語系國家常見的文化價值觀，強調社區互助、同理心，以及去發掘並感恩他人日常展現的善意。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) embedded within a direct question. In English, when a question is placed inside another sentence, it loses its question word order (verb + subject) and takes on statement word order (subject + verb). Therefore, we say 'where the library is' instead of 'where is the library'.
中文： 本句使用了嵌入在直接問句中的「間接問句」（名詞子句）。在英文中，當一個問句被放入另一個句子中時，它會失去原本的問句語序（動詞 + 主詞），而改用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）。因此，我們要說 'where the library is'，而不是 'where is the library'。
Do you know what time the store closes?
你知道這家店幾點打烊嗎？
EN： 'Could you...' is a polite modal auxiliary verb pattern used to make requests. It is more formal and polite than 'Can you...'.
中文： 「Could you...」是一種禮貌的助動詞句型，用於提出請求。它比「Can you...」更為正式且客氣。
Could you help me with this heavy bag?
可以請你幫我提這個重包包嗎？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, asking for directions using indirect questions like 'Could you tell me...' is considered much more polite and natural when approaching strangers, compared to direct questions like 'Where is the library?'.
中文： 在英語系國家中，向陌生人問路時，使用像「Could you tell me...」這樣的間接問句，會比直接問「Where is the library?」顯得更加禮貌與自然。
EN： An indirect question is a question embedded within another statement or question. In this sentence, 'where it is' is an indirect question acting as the object of the verb 'know'. Unlike direct questions ('Where is it?'), indirect questions use statement word order (subject + verb).
中文： 間接問句（Indirect Question）是嵌入在另一個陳述句或問句中的問句。在本句中，「where it is」是一個間接問句，作為動詞「know」的受詞。與直接問句（Where is it?）不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）。
Do you know when the train arrives?
你知道火車什麼時候到嗎？
EN： In informal spoken English, 'than me' is commonly used as a comparative prepositional phrase. In formal grammar, 'than I (do)' is preferred because 'than' acts as a conjunction introducing a clause, but 'than me' is widely accepted and natural in daily conversations.
中文： 在非正式的口語英語中，「than me」常用作比較介系詞片語。在正式語法中，較傾向使用「than I (do)」，因為此處的「than」被視為引導子句的連接詞。然而，在日常對話中，「than me」已被廣泛接受且聽起來更自然。
She plays tennis better than me.
她網球打得比我好。
EN： Using 'I think' at the beginning of a sentence is a common way for native English speakers to soften their statements, making them sound more polite, humble, or less demanding when giving directions or advice.
中文： 在句首使用「I think」（我想/我認為）是英語母語者常用的委婉表達方式。在指路或給予建議時，這樣做可以讓語氣顯得更禮貌、謙虛，避免給人強加觀點的感覺。
EN： Indirect questions (noun clauses) introduced by 'if' or 'whether' are used to express uncertainty. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions follow the statement word order (subject + verb) instead of the question word order.
中文： 由 'if' 或 'whether' 引導的間接問句（名詞子句）用於表達不確定性。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。
Do you know if the library is open on Sundays?
你知道圖書館星期天是否有開嗎？
EN： The verb 'know' is a transitive verb that can take a noun clause as its direct object. In this sentence, the entire clause 'if the store is open now' acts as the object of 'know'.
中文： 動詞 'know'（知道）是及物動詞，後面可以接名詞子句作為其直接受詞。在本句中，整個子句 'if the store is open now' 作為 'know' 的受詞。
I don't know if he will come to the party.
我不知道他是否會來參加派對。
EN： In English-speaking countries, asking 'Do you know if...' is a very polite and common way to inquire about store hours, directions, or general information from strangers, as it sounds less demanding than 'Is the store open now?'.
中文： 在英語系國家，使用 'Do you know if...'（你知道是否...）向陌生人詢問店家營業時間、問路或獲取資訊是非常禮貌且常見的表達方式，這比直接問 'Is the store open now?' 聽起來更委婉、不唐突。
EN： The verb 'wonder' is commonly used to express curiosity or a polite inquiry. It is often followed by an indirect question (noun clause) starting with question words like 'what time', 'where', 'how', or 'if/whether'. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions follow statement word order (subject + verb).
中文： 動詞「wonder」（想知道）常用於表達好奇或禮貌的詢問。它後面通常接由疑問詞（如 what time、where、how）或 if/whether 引導的間接問句（名詞子句）。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）。
I wonder where she lives.
我想知道她住在哪裡。
EN： The phrase 'what time' acts as a conjunction introducing a noun clause. Within this noun clause ('what time it closes today'), the subject is 'it' and the verb is 'closes'. Because 'it' is third-person singular and the statement refers to a regular schedule, the verb 'close' takes the 's' ending ('closes').
中文： 片語「what time」（幾點）在此作為連接詞，引導名詞子句。在這個名詞子句（what time it closes today）中，主詞是「it」，動詞是「closes」。因為「it」是第三人稱單數，且此處描述的是常態性的營業時間，所以動詞「close」要加上「s」變成「closes」。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, asking 'I wonder...' is considered much softer and more polite than directly asking 'What time does it close?'. It avoids sounding demanding, especially when speaking to service staff or strangers.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用「I wonder...」（我想知道...）來詢問，比直接問「What time does it close?」（幾點關門？）聽起來要溫和且有禮貌得多。這樣可以避免給人強加要求的感覺，特別是在與服務人員或陌生人對話時。
EN： Indirect questions are used to ask for information in a polite way. When we embed a question inside another question (like 'Can you tell me...'), the word order of the embedded question changes from question order (verb + subject) to statement order (subject + verb). Here, 'how I can join' is used instead of 'how can I join'.
中文： 間接問句用於禮貌地詢問資訊。當我們將一個問句嵌入另一個問句（如「Can you tell me...」）時，嵌入問句的語序會從疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞）轉變為陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）。在此處，使用的是「how I can join」而非「how can I join」。
Could you tell me where the library is?
你能告訴我圖書館在哪裡嗎？
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or ability in the future/present, asking about the method or steps required to achieve a goal.
中文： 情態動詞「can」在此處用於表示現在或未來的可能性或能力，詢問達成某個目標所需的方法或步驟。
How can we solve this problem?
我們該如何解決這個問題？
EN： In English-speaking countries, joining clubs (such as sports, academic, or hobby clubs) is a very common way to socialize and integrate into a community, especially in school or university settings. Asking 'how I can join' is a polite and standard way to show interest.
中文： 在英語系國家，加入社團（如運動、學術或興趣社團）是社交和融入群體非常常見的方式，特別是在學校或大學環境中。詢問「how I can join」是表達興趣的禮貌且標準的方式。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'how' as the direct object of the verb 'explain'. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions follow statement word order (subject + verb): 'how you can sign up' instead of 'how can you sign up'.
中文： 本句使用由「how」引導的間接問句（名詞子句），作為動詞「explain」的直接受詞。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），即「how you can sign up」，而非「how can you sign up」。
She will show you how you can use the machine.
她會示範你要如何使用這台機器。
EN： The phrasal verb 'sign up' means to register or join an organization, activity, or service. It is an intransitive phrasal verb in this context, meaning it does not require a direct object.
中文： 片語動詞「sign up」意為註冊或報名參加某個組織、活動或服務。在此語境中為不及物片語動詞，後面不需要接直接受詞。
You need to sign up before the deadline.
你需要在截止日期前報名。
EN： In professional and casual English contexts, offering to 'explain how to do something' is a polite and helpful way to guide someone. Using 'you can' instead of 'you have to' or 'you must' sounds more encouraging and less demanding, which is standard in friendly customer service or peer-to-peer assistance.
中文： 在專業或日常英語語境中，主動提出「解釋如何做某事」是一種禮貌且樂於助人的引導方式。使用「you can」（你可以）而不是「you have to」（你必須）或「you must」（你務必），聽起來更具鼓勵性且較無強迫感，這在友好的客服或同儕互助中是標準的表達方式。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) as the object of the verb 'know'. In English, when a question is embedded inside another sentence, it loses its question word order (verb-subject) and takes on statement word order (subject-verb). Here, 'who our new teacher is' follows the order: question word (who) + subject (our new teacher) + verb (is).
中文： 本句在動詞「know」後面使用了間接問句（名詞子句）作為受詞。在英文中，當一個問句嵌入另一個句子時，它會失去原本的問句語序（動詞+主詞），而改用陳述句語序（主詞+動詞）。在此處，「who our new teacher is」遵循的順序為：疑問詞 (who) + 主詞 (our new teacher) + 動詞 (is)。
Do you know where they live?
你知道他們住哪裡嗎？
EN： The possessive determiner 'our' is used to show that the 'new teacher' belongs to or is associated with the speaker and the listener(s). It modifies the noun phrase 'new teacher'.
中文： 所有格限定詞「our」（我們的）用於表示「新老師」與說話者及聽話者有所關聯，在此處修飾名詞片語「new teacher」。
Our team won the game yesterday.
我們隊昨天贏了比賽。
EN： An indirect question (noun clause) is used as the complement of the adjective 'sure'. In indirect questions, the word order is subject + verb (what his name is), not verb + subject (what is his name).
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）在此處作為形容詞「sure」的補語。在間接問句中，語序必須是「主詞 + 動詞」（what his name is），而非疑問句的「動詞 + 主詞」（what is his name）。
I don't know where she lives.
我不知道她住哪裡。
EN： The structure 'be + not sure + noun clause' is commonly used to politely express uncertainty or lack of knowledge about a specific fact.
中文： 「be + not sure + 名詞子句」的結構常用於禮貌地表達對某個特定事實的不確定或不了解。
We are not sure when the meeting starts.
我們不確定會議什麼時候開始。
EN： Using 'I am not sure...' is a polite and indirect way to admit you do not know something, which sounds softer and more helpful than a blunt 'I don't know'.
中文： 使用「I am not sure...」（我不確定...）是一種禮貌且委婉的承認自己不知道某事的方式，聽起來比生硬的「I don't know」（我不知道）更加溫和且客氣。
EN： Indirect Questions (Noun Clauses): When a question is embedded within another sentence (like 'Could you tell me...'), it becomes an indirect question. The word order changes from question order (verb + subject) to statement order (subject + verb). Here, 'why the bus is late' is used instead of 'why is the bus late'.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）：當一個問句被嵌入另一個句子中（如 'Could you tell me...'）時，它就變成了間接問句。語序會從疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞）轉變為陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）。在此處，使用的是 'why the bus is late'，而非 'why is the bus late'。
Do you know where the library is?
你知道圖書館在哪裡嗎？
EN： Polite Requests with 'Could you...': 'Could' is the past form of 'can', but in this context, it is used to make a request sound more polite, formal, and indirect.
中文： 使用 'Could you...' 的禮貌請求：'Could' 是 'can' 的過去式，但在這種語境下，它被用來使請求聽起來更加禮貌、正式且委婉。
Could you help me with this heavy bag?
可以請你幫我提這個沉重的包包嗎？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, asking 'Why is the bus late?' directly to a driver or station staff can sometimes sound demanding or accusatory. Softening the question with 'Could you tell me...' makes the inquiry polite and more likely to receive a helpful response.
中文： 在英語系國家中，直接詢問「Why is the bus late?（公車為什麼遲到？）」有時聽起來會顯得有些強勢或帶有指責意味。使用「Could you tell me...」來委婉化問題，會使詢問顯得十分有禮貌，也更容易獲得熱心的解答。
EN： The phrase 'have no idea' is a common idiomatic expression meaning 'do not know'. It is often followed by a noun clause starting with a question word (like 'why', 'what', 'where') to express lack of knowledge about a specific matter.
中文： 片語「have no idea」是一個常見的慣用語，意思是「不知道」。後面經常接由疑問詞（如 why, what, where）引導的名詞子句，用來表達對特定事情的不了解。
I have no idea where she lives.
我完全不知道她住哪裡。
EN： An indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'why' follows the statement 'I have no idea'. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions use statement word order (subject + verb): 'why it is...' instead of 'why is it...'.
中文： 由「why」引導的間接問句（名詞子句）接在「I have no idea」之後。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），即「why it is...」，而非「why is it...」。
Do you know why the meeting was canceled?
你知道為什麼會議被取消了嗎？
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 想知道、納悶，用於委婉地提出問題或表達好奇
在本文中： 觀光客、遊客
在本文中： 節日、慶典、節慶活動
在本文中： 解釋、說明
在本文中： 著名的、出名的
在本文中： 提醒、使想起
在本文中： 加入、參與（社團、組織等）
在本文中： 登記、註冊、報名
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To not know something at all; to be completely unaware.
毫無頭緒、完全不知道
To agree to become involved in an organized activity; to register.
報名、註冊
A designated place where buses stop for passengers to get on and off.
公車站
A street market which operates at night and is especially known for selling food and snacks.
夜市