EN： Indirect questions (embedded questions) are used when a question is placed inside another statement or question. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions follow statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order (verb + subject). Here, 'where the science lab is' is the noun clause acting as the object of 'know'.
中文： 間接問句（嵌入式問句）用於將一個疑問句放入另一個陳述句或問句中。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞）。在此處，「where the science lab is」是一個名詞子句，作為主要動詞「know」的受詞。
Do you know what time the library closes?
你知道圖書館幾點關門嗎？
EN： In English-speaking schools, asking for directions with 'Do you know where... is?' or 'Could you tell me where... is?' is considered polite and natural when approaching peers or staff. Directly asking 'Where is the science lab?' can sometimes sound a bit too abrupt.
中文： 在英語系國家的學校中，使用「Do you know where... is?」或「Could you tell me where... is?」來問路，對同儕或教職員來說是非常禮貌且自然的表達方式。直接問「Where is the science lab?」有時會顯得有些過於唐突。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) 'which grade you are in' as the direct object of the verb 'tell'. In indirect questions, the word order is subject + verb ('you are'), not the auxiliary/verb + subject order used in direct questions ('are you').
中文： 本句使用了間接問句（名詞子句）「which grade you are in」作為動詞「tell」的直接受詞。在間接問句中，語序必須是「主詞 + 動詞」（you are），而非直接問句中的「助動詞/動詞 + 主詞」（are you）。
Can you tell me where the library is?
你能告訴我圖書館在哪裡嗎？
EN： The phrase 'which grade' acts as a determinative phrase introducing the noun clause. 'Which' is an interrogative determiner modifying the noun 'grade', asking for specific information from a limited set of options.
中文： 片語「which grade」作為引導名詞子句的疑問限定詞片語。「which」是疑問限定詞，用來修飾名詞「grade」，用於在有限的選項中詢問特定的資訊。
I don't know which color you prefer.
我不知道你比較喜歡哪一個顏色。
EN： In US and many international school systems, students are grouped by 'grades' (e.g., 9th grade, 10th grade) rather than 'years' (which is more common in the UK, e.g., Year 10). Asking 'which grade you are in' is a very common icebreaker for students meeting each other for the first time.
中文： 在美國及許多國際學校學制中，學生是以「grades」（年級，如 9th grade）來區分，而非英國常用的「years」（如 Year 10）。對於初次見面的學生來說，詢問「which grade you are in」是一個非常常見且自然的破冰話題。
EN： The verb 'wonder' is often followed by an indirect question starting with 'if' or 'whether' to express curiosity or polite inquiry about a factual situation. This structure functions as the noun clause (object) of the sentence.
中文： 動詞「wonder」（想知道）後面經常接由「if」或「whether」（是否）引導的間接問句，用來表達好奇或禮貌地詢問某個事實狀況。此結構在句子中作為名詞子句（賓語）。
I wonder if the museum is free on Mondays.
我想知道這間博物館週一是否免費。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'at lunch' is used to describe the time period during the lunch break. Unlike 'for lunch' (which refers to the meal itself), 'at lunch' refers to the time of day when people typically eat lunch.
中文： 介系詞片語「at lunch」用來描述午休這段時間。與「for lunch」（指午餐這頓飯本身）不同，「at lunch」指的是人們通常吃午餐的一天中的那個時間段。
She usually reads a book at lunch.
她通常在午休時間讀書。
EN： In many English-speaking schools, the library is a popular place for students to study, read, or use computers during their lunch break. Asking if the library is open 'at lunch' is a common inquiry, as library hours may vary during non-class times.
中文： 在許多英語國家的學校中，圖書館是學生在午休時間讀書、閱讀或使用電腦的熱門去處。詢問圖書館在「中午（午休時間）」是否開放是非常常見的，因為非上課時間的圖書館開放時間可能會有所變動。
EN： Indirect questions (noun clauses) are used within another question or statement. Unlike direct questions, they follow statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order (verb + subject). In 'do you know what time it closes?', 'what time it closes' is the noun clause acting as the object of 'know'.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）用於另一個問句或陳述句之中。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞）。在 'do you know what time it closes?' 中，'what time it closes' 是名詞子句，作為 'know' 的受詞。
Do you know where she lives?
你知道她住哪裡嗎？
EN： The simple present tense is used here to ask about a regular schedule or timetable (the closing time of a place). For third-person singular subjects (it), the verb 'close' takes the ending '-es' to become 'closes'.
中文： 此處使用現在簡單式來詢問規律的日程或時間表（某個場所的關門時間）。當主詞為第三人稱單數（it）時，動詞 'close' 須加上字尾 '-es' 成為 'closes'。
The train leaves at nine o'clock.
火車在九點鐘出發。
EN： An indirect question is a question embedded inside another statement or question. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions use statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order (verb + subject). In this sentence, 'how I can join a club' is an indirect question acting as the direct object of the verb 'tell'.
中文： 間接問句（Indirect Question）是嵌入在另一個陳述句或問句中的問句。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（助動詞/動詞 + 主詞）。在本句中，「how I can join a club」是一個間接問句，作為動詞「tell」的直接受詞。
Could you tell me where the library is?
你能告訴我圖書館在哪裡嗎？
EN： The modal verb 'could' is used at the beginning of a question to make a polite request. It is more formal and polite than 'can'.
中文： 情態助動詞「could」用於問句開頭，表示禮貌的請求。這比使用「can」更為正式且客氣。
Could you help me with my homework?
可以請你幫我做功課嗎？
EN： In English-speaking schools and universities, joining clubs (extracurricular activities) is highly encouraged and is a major part of student life. Asking 'Could you tell me...' is a very common and polite way to ask for information from staff or fellow students.
中文： 在英語系國家的學校中，加入社團（課外活動）是非常受到鼓勵的，也是學生生活的重要組成部分。使用「Could you tell me...」是一種向教職員或同學詢問資訊時，非常常見且禮貌的表達方式。
EN： The phrase 'how many + plural noun' is used to ask about quantity. In this sentence, it functions as an indirect question (noun clause) acting as the complement of the adjective 'sure'. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions follow statement word order (subject + verb: 'we have').
中文： 「how many + 複數名詞」用於詢問數量。在本句中，它引導一個間接問句（名詞子句），作為形容詞「sure」的補語。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞：「we have」）。
I don't know how many books he bought.
我不知道他買了多少本書。
EN： The structure 'subject + be verb + not sure + noun clause' is a common pattern used to express uncertainty or a lack of knowledge about a specific fact in a polite and indirect manner.
中文： 「主詞 + be動詞 + not sure + 名詞子句」是一個常用句型，用於以禮貌且委婉的方式表達對某個特定事實的不確定或不了解。
She is not sure when the meeting starts.
她不確定會議什麼時候開始。
EN： In US high schools, 'clubs' (extracurricular activities) are a major part of student life. Students often ask about the number and variety of clubs at the beginning of the school year to find social groups and build their college applications.
中文： 在美國高中，「社團」（課外活動）是學生生活的重要組成部分。學生通常會在學年初詢問社團的數量和種類，以便融入社交圈並為大學申請累積經歷。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) 'when the school bus leaves' as the direct object of the verb 'know'. In indirect questions, the word order must be statement word order (subject + verb) rather than question word order (e.g., 'when does the school bus leave').
中文： 本句使用間接問句（名詞子句）「when the school bus leaves」作為動詞「know」的直接受詞。在間接問句中，語序必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（例如：when does the school bus leave）。
Do you know where the library is?
你知道圖書館在哪裡嗎？
EN： The simple present tense 'leaves' is used here to describe a scheduled future event (the school bus timetable).
中文： 此處使用現在簡單式「leaves」來描述已排定的未來事件（校車時刻表）。
The train departs at 9:00 AM tomorrow.
火車明天上午九點出發。
EN： In many English-speaking countries, school buses run on very strict schedules. Asking about the bus schedule is a very common daily interaction among students.
中文： 在許多英語系國家，校車（黃色巴士）的行駛時間非常準時且固定。詢問校車時間是學生之間非常常見的日常互動。
EN： The sentence uses a noun clause (or indirect question) 'what time it comes' as the object of the verb 'check'. In indirect questions, the word order must be statement order (subject + verb) rather than question order (e.g., 'what time does it come').
中文： 本句使用名詞子句（或稱間接問句）「what time it comes」作為動詞「check」的受詞。在間接問句中，語序必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（例如「what time does it come」）。
Do you know what time the library opens?
你知道圖書館幾點開門嗎？
EN： The main clause 'I think' is followed by an object clause '(that) you can check...'. The subordinating conjunction 'that' is commonly omitted in informal spoken English.
中文： 主句「I think」後面接了一個受詞子句「(that) you can check...」。在日常口語中，引導受詞子句的連接詞「that」通常會被省略。
I think we should leave now.
我想我們現在該走了。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (or embedded question) 'where the office is' inside a polite request. In English, when a question is embedded within another sentence, it follows statement word order (subject + verb) rather than question word order (verb + subject). Therefore, we say 'where the office is' instead of 'where is the office'.
中文： 本句在禮貌的請求中使用了「間接問句」（或稱嵌入式問句）「where the office is」。在英文中，當一個問句嵌入到另一個句子中時，它必須使用陳述句的語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句的語序（動詞 + 主詞）。因此，我們要說「where the office is」，而不是「where is the office」。
Do you know what time the library closes?
你知道圖書館幾點關門嗎？
EN： The phrase 'Can you tell me...' is a common polite formula used to ask for information. It is softer and more polite than asking a direct question like 'Where is the office?'.
中文： 句型「Can you tell me...」（你能告訴我……嗎？）是用於詢問資訊的常用禮貌表達方式。這比直接問「Where is the office?」聽起來更加委婉和有禮貌。
Can you tell me how to get to the station?
你能告訴我怎麼去車站嗎？
EN： In English-speaking academic or professional environments, asking 'Can you tell me...' or 'Could you tell me...' is considered much more polite and appropriate when approaching a stranger or staff member, compared to a direct question like 'Where is the office?'.
中文： 在英語系國家的學校或工作環境中，當向陌生人或教職員問路時，使用「Can you tell me...」或「Could you tell me...」會比直接問「Where is the office?」顯得更加有禮貌且得體。
EN： The sentence uses a double object construction (ditransitive verb) with 'show'. The verb 'show' takes an indirect object ('you', the recipient) and a direct object ('where it is', the thing being shown).
中文： 本句使用了雙賓語結構（雙賓動詞）。動詞「show」（展示/帶領）後面接了兩個賓語：間接賓語「you」（接受者）與直接賓語「where it is」（被展示的事物）。
He showed me his new car.
他向我展示了他的新車。
EN： The clause 'where it is' is a noun clause functioning as the direct object. It uses embedded question word order (subject + verb: 'it is') rather than question word order ('where is it').
中文： 「where it is」是一個名詞子句，在此作為直接賓語。它必須使用間接問句的語序，即「主詞 + 動詞」（it is），而非疑問句語序（where is it）。
Do you know where the library is?
你知道圖書館在哪裡嗎？
EN： In English-speaking school environments, offering to physically show someone where a place is (rather than just giving directions) is considered highly polite and welcoming, especially to new students or visitors.
中文： 在英語系國家的校園文化中，主動帶路（而不僅僅是口頭指引方向）被視為非常禮貌且友善的表現，特別是對於新生或訪客，這能快速建立起溫馨的互助氛圍。
EN： The verb 'wonder' is followed by an indirect question (noun clause) introduced by the question word 'why'. In indirect questions, the word order is subject + verb ('the hallway is'), not verb + subject ('is the hallway') as in direct questions.
中文： 動詞「wonder」（想知道）後面接由疑問詞「why」引導的間接問句（名詞子句）。在間接問句中，語序應為「主詞 + 動詞」（the hallway is），而非直接問句中的「動詞 + 主詞」（is the hallway）。
I wonder why she left the meeting early.
我想知道她為什麼提早離開會議。
EN： The adverb 'so' is used before adjectives (like 'quiet') to add emphasis, meaning 'to such a great extent' or 'very'.
中文： 副詞「so」用於形容詞（如「quiet」）之前以示強調，表示「如此地」或「非常」。
The classroom was so warm that I fell asleep.
教室裡太溫暖了，以至於我睡著了。
EN： The phrase 'I don't know why' is an ellipsis of an indirect question (noun clause), where the rest of the clause 'exams are near' is omitted because it is understood from the context.
中文： 「I don't know why」是一個省略了間接問句（名詞子句）的表達方式。在日常對話中，為了避免重複，通常會省略疑問詞（why）後面的主詞與動詞，因為其內容在語境中已經很明確。
She looks upset, but I don't know why.
她看起來很不高興，但我不知道為什麼。
EN： The adjective 'near' is used as a predicative adjective meaning 'close in time' or 'approaching soon'.
中文： 形容詞「near」在此處用作表語形容詞，意思是時間上的「臨近」或「即將到來」。
Winter is near, and the days are getting shorter.
冬天快到了，白天正變得越來越短。
EN： The verb 'ask' can be used as a ditransitive verb, which takes two objects: an indirect object (usually a person, 'me') and a direct object (usually a thing, 'many questions'). The pattern is 'ask + someone + something'.
中文： 動詞「ask」（問）可作為雙賓語動詞（ditransitive verb），後面接兩個賓語：間接賓語（通常是人，如 'me'）與直接賓語（通常是事物，如 'many questions'）。常用句型為「ask + 某人 + 某事」。
The teacher asked us several difficult questions.
老師問了我們幾個困難的問題。
EN： The phrase 'On my first day' acts as an adverbial of time. When placed at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis, it is typically followed by a comma.
中文： 介系詞片語「On my first day」（在我第一天時）在此作為時間副詞修飾語。當放在句首以示強調時，通常後面會加上逗號與主句隔開。
On her first day, she met the department manager.
在她上班的第一天，她見到了部門經理。
EN： Indirect questions (noun clauses) are used when a question is embedded within another sentence. Unlike direct questions ('Where is the cafeteria?'), indirect questions use statement word order (subject + verb): 'where the cafeteria was'.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）用於將一個疑問句嵌入另一個句子中。與直接問句（Where is the cafeteria?）不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），即「where the cafeteria was」。
He asked me where the library was.
他問我圖書館在哪裡。
EN： Tense agreement (backshift) in reported speech. Since the main verb 'wanted' is in the past tense, the verb in the noun clause also shifts to the past tense ('was' instead of 'is').
中文： 轉述語氣中的時態一致（時態後退）。因為主句動詞「wanted」是過去式，所以名詞子句中的動詞也必須同步轉為過去式（使用「was」而非「is」）。
She wanted to know what time the store closed.
她想知道那家店幾點打烊。
EN： In US schools, the 'cafeteria' is a central social hub where students eat lunch. Asking where the cafeteria is is a very common question for new students on their first day, as school layouts can be large and confusing.
中文： 在美國學校中，「cafeteria」（自助餐廳/食堂）是學生吃午餐和社交的核心場所。對於第一天入學的新生來說，詢問餐廳在哪裡是非常常見的問題，因為校園規劃通常較大且複雜。
EN： Indirect questions with 'how' can be used as noun clauses serving as the direct object of a verb. In this sentence, 'how she could find the science lab' is a noun clause acting as the direct object of 'told'. Note that the word order in noun clauses is subject + verb (she could find), not verb + subject (could she find).
中文： 以 'how' 引導的間接問句可以作為名詞子句，在句中擔任動詞的直接受詞。在本句中，「how she could find the science lab」是一個名詞子句，作為動詞「told」的直接受詞。請注意，名詞子句的語序應為「主詞 + 動詞」（she could find），而非疑問句的「動詞 + 主詞」（could she find）。
He explained how we could solve the problem.
他解釋了我們該如何解決這個問題。
EN： The verb 'tell' is a ditransitive verb, which means it takes two objects: an indirect object (usually a person, 'her') and a direct object (the information being shared, 'how she could find...').
中文： 動詞「tell」是一個雙賓動詞（授與動詞），這意味著它需要兩個受詞：間接受詞（通常是人，如「her」）和直接受詞（所分享的資訊，如「how she could find...」）。
She told me where the meeting was.
她告訴我會議在哪裡舉行。
EN： The use of 'if' as a conjunction introducing a noun clause (indirect question) meaning 'whether'. It is commonly used after verbs of inquiry like 'wonder' or 'ask'. Note that the word order in the noun clause is subject + verb (the library was open), not verb + subject.
中文： 使用「if」作為引導名詞子句（間接問句）的連接詞，表示「是否」。這通常用於表示詢問的動詞（如 wonder 或 ask）之後。請注意，名詞子句中的語序是「主詞 + 動詞」（the library was open），而非倒裝語序。
He asked if the meeting was canceled.
他詢問會議是否取消了。
EN： Backshift of tenses in reported speech or past-tense narratives. Since the main verb 'wondered' is in the past tense, the verb in the noun clause 'is' shifts to the past tense 'was' to maintain tense agreement.
中文： 間接引語或過去時態敘述中的「時態後移」。由於主句動詞「wondered」是過去式，因此名詞子句中的動詞「is」需轉化為過去式「was」，以保持時態一致。
She wanted to know if you were coming to the party.
她想知道你是否會來參加派對。
EN： Indirect Questions (Noun Clauses): An indirect question is used inside another sentence and follows statement word order (subject + verb) rather than question word order. Here, 'what time the clubs usually met' acts as the direct object of the verb 'explained'.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）：間接問句嵌入在另一個句子中，須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。在此處，「what time the clubs usually met」作為動詞「explained」的直接受詞。
She told me what time the train usually arrives.
她告訴我火車通常幾點到達。
EN： Sequence of Tenses: When the main verb of a sentence is in the past tense ('explained'), the verbs in the subordinate noun clause are also typically backshifted to a past tense ('met') to maintain tense consistency.
中文： 時態一致：當主要子句的動詞為過去式（explained）時，從屬名詞子句中的動詞通常也需要轉為過去式（met），以保持時態的一致性。
He asked what time the library closed.
他問了圖書館幾點閉館。
EN： In many English-speaking high schools, extracurricular clubs are a major part of student life. They usually meet right after school or during designated activity periods, and knowing their schedules is essential for social integration.
中文： 在許多英語國家的中學裡，課外社團是學校生活非常重要的一部分。社團通常在放學後或指定的活動時間聚會，了解社團的時間表對於融入校園社交生活至關重要。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question ('where she could buy lunch') embedded within a main clause. In indirect questions, the word order is statement order (subject + verb) rather than question order (verb + subject), and the tense shifts backward (backshift) to match the past tense of the reporting verb 'asked'.
中文： 本句使用了間接問句（'where she could buy lunch'）嵌入在主句中。在間接問句中，語序須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞），且時態需配合主要動詞 'asked' 進行「時態後退」（將 can 改為 could）。
He asked me what time the train left.
他問我火車什麼時候出發。
EN： The verb 'ask' can take a double object (ditransitive structure): 'ask + indirect object (person) + direct object (the question/clause)'. Here, 'me' is the indirect object, and the noun clause 'where she could buy lunch' is the direct object.
中文： 動詞 'ask' 可以接雙賓語（雙賓動詞結構）：「ask + 間接賓語（人）+ 直接賓語（問題/子句）」。在此處，'me' 是間接賓語，而名詞子句 'where she could buy lunch' 則是直接賓語。
She asked him if he was hungry.
她問他是否肚子餓了。
EN： The verb 'show' can take two objects (ditransitive verb): an indirect object (her) and a direct object (where the student office was). This pattern is used to indicate the recipient and the information or thing being shown.
中文： 動詞「show」（展示/指引）可以接雙賓語（雙賓動詞）：間接賓語（her，她）與直接賓語（where the student office was，學生辦公室在哪裡）。此句型用於表示接收者以及被展示的信息或事物。
He showed me how to solve the problem.
他向我示範了如何解決這個問題。
EN： An indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'where' is used as the direct object. In indirect questions, the word order must be statement order (subject + verb: 'the student office was') rather than question order ('was the student office'). Also, the past tense 'was' is used to match the main verb 'showed' (backshift/tense agreement).
中文： 由「where」引導的間接問句（名詞子句）在此作直接賓語。在間接問句中，語序必須是陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞：「the student office was」），而非疑問句語序（「was the student office」）。此外，動詞使用過去式「was」以配合主要動詞「showed」的時態（時態一致）。
She asked me where the library was.
她問我圖書館在哪裡。
EN： In English-speaking schools, the 'student office' or 'main office' is a central hub where students go for administrative help, attendance issues, or general inquiries. Helping newcomers find their way around campus is a common and highly appreciated gesture of friendliness.
中文： 在英語系國家的學校中，「student office」（學生辦公室）或「main office」（總務/行政辦公室）是學生尋求行政協助、處理出缺勤或進行一般諮詢的中心樞紐。幫助新生熟悉校園環境是展現友善與熱心助人的常見舉動。
EN： Indirect Questions (Noun Clauses): An indirect question is used to ask for information politely or report a question. It is introduced by a question word (how, what, where, etc.) followed by statement word order (subject + verb), not question word order (verb + subject). In this sentence, 'how the bus schedule worked' acts as the noun clause serving as the direct object of 'to know'.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）：間接問句用於客氣地詢問資訊或轉述問題。它由疑問詞（如 how, what, where 等）引導，後面接陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞）。在本句中，「how the bus schedule worked」作為名詞子句，擔任「to know」的直接受詞。
I want to know where the library is.
我想知道圖書館在哪裡。
EN： Sequence of Tenses (Backshifting): When the main reporting verb is in the past tense ('wanted'), the verb in the subordinate noun clause is also backshifted to a past tense ('worked') to maintain tense agreement, even if the schedule still works that way now.
中文： 時態一致（時態後退）：當主要子句的動詞為過去式（wanted）時，從屬名詞子句中的動詞通常也需要轉為過去式（worked）以保持時態一致，即使該時刻表現在依然是這樣運作的。
He asked me what time the train left.
他問我火車是幾點出發的。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb (e.g., 'reminded' in the past tense, or 'reminds' in the present tense).
中文： 動名詞當主詞：動名詞（動詞 + -ing）可以像名詞一樣在句子中擔任主詞。動名詞主詞視為單數，因此搭配單數動詞（例如過去式的 'reminded' 或現在式的 'reminds'）。
Learning a new language opens up many opportunities.
學習一門新語言會開啟許多機會。
EN： Indirect Questions as Noun Clauses: The phrase 'how kind a small act can be' is an indirect question functioning as a noun clause (the direct object of 'reminded me'). It follows the declarative word order (subject + verb) rather than the interrogative word order.
中文： 間接問句作為名詞子句：'how kind a small act can be' 是一個間接問句，在此句中作為名詞子句（擔任 'reminded me' 的直接受詞）。其語序應使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。
She explained how difficult the exam was.
她解釋了那場考試有多麼困難。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, there is a strong emphasis on 'random acts of kindness'—small, unexpected good deeds done for others. This sentence reflects the cultural value placed on everyday helpfulness and its emotional impact on both the giver and the receiver.
中文： 在英語系國家中，非常強調「隨機的善舉」（random acts of kindness），即對他人做出微小且出乎意料的好事。這句話反映了人們對日常互助的重視，以及這種行為對施予者和接受者雙方所帶來的心理溫暖。
EN： An indirect question (or embedded question) is a question that is placed inside another sentence or question. When we embed a question like 'Where is the gym?' inside a polite opening like 'Could you tell me...?', the word order changes from verb-subject ('is the gym') to subject-verb ('the gym is').
中文： 間接問句（或嵌入式問句）是指將一個問句放入另一個句子或問句中。當我們把像 'Where is the gym?'（體育館在哪裡？）這樣的直接問句，放入像 'Could you tell me...?'（你能告訴我...嗎？）這樣有禮貌的開頭時，語序會從「動詞 + 主詞」（is the gym）改為「主詞 + 動詞」（the gym is）。
Do you know what time the library closes?
你知道圖書館幾點關門嗎？
EN： The modal verb 'could' is used here to make a polite request. It is softer and more polite than 'can' when asking for information or help from strangers or in formal situations.
中文： 助動詞 'could' 在此處用於表示有禮貌的請求。在向陌生人詢問資訊或在正式場合尋求幫助時，它比 'can' 更委婉、更有禮貌。
Could you help me find my classroom?
可以請你幫我找我的教室嗎？
EN： In English-speaking schools and universities, asking for directions politely using 'Could you tell me...' is a standard way to approach classmates or staff. It shows respect and is highly encouraged in social interactions.
中文： 在英語系國家的學校和大學中，使用 'Could you tell me...' 禮貌地問路是向同學或教職員搭話的標準方式。這展現了對他人的尊重，在社交互動中非常受到鼓勵。
EN： An indirect question (noun clause) is used inside another clause. Unlike direct questions, it uses statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order. Here, 'where it is' acts as the object of the verb 'know'.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）用於另一個子句中。與直接問句不同，它使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。在此處，「where it is」作為動詞「know」的受詞。
Do you know when the train arrives?
你知道火車什麼時候到嗎？
EN： In informal spoken English, 'than me' (using the object pronoun) is commonly used for comparison instead of the grammatically formal 'than I (do)'.
中文： 在非正式的口語英文中，比較級後面常用「than me」（使用受格代名詞），而非文法上較正式的「than I (do)」。
She is much taller than me.
她比我高得多。
EN： Using 'I think' at the beginning of a sentence is a common way to soften a statement, making it sound polite and less direct or demanding, which is highly valued in English-speaking social interactions.
中文： 在句首使用「I think」（我想/我覺得）是英文中常見的委婉語氣表達方式，能讓話語聽起來更有禮貌、不那麼直接或強硬，這在英語系國家的社交互動中非常重要。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'if' (meaning 'whether'). In English, when a yes/no question is embedded within another question or statement, we use 'if' or 'whether' followed by statement word order (subject + verb), not question word order.
中文： 本句使用了由 'if'（意為「是否」）引導的間接問學（名詞子句）。在英文中，當一個「是與否」的疑問句被嵌入另一個問句或陳述句時，我們會使用 'if' 或 'whether'，後接陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。
Do you know if the library is open on Sundays?
你知道圖書館星期天是否有開放嗎？
EN： The main clause 'Do you know...?' is a direct question, so the entire sentence ends with a question mark. However, the embedded clause 'if the pool is open today' maintains a declarative structure (subject 'the pool' + verb 'is').
中文： 主句 'Do you know...?' 是一個直接問句，因此整個句子以問號結尾。然而，嵌入的子句 'if the pool is open today' 仍保持陳述句結構（主詞 'the pool' + 動詞 'is'）。
Can you tell me if the bus has left?
你能告訴我公車是否已經開走了嗎？
EN： Indirect questions with 'I wonder': When we want to ask a question politely or express curiosity, we can use 'I wonder' followed by a question word (who, what, when, where, why, how). Unlike direct questions, indirect questions follow statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order (verb + subject).
中文： 使用「I wonder」的間接問句：當我們想禮貌地提問或表達好奇時，可以使用「I wonder」後接疑問詞（who, what, when, where, why, how）。與直接問句不同，間接問句要使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（動詞 + 主詞）。
I wonder where she lives.
我想知道她住在哪裡。
EN： Noun clause as object: The phrase 'what time it closes' acts as a noun clause serving as the direct object of the verb 'wonder'. The subject of the clause is 'it' and the verb is 'closes'.
中文： 名詞子句作賓語（受詞）：片語「what time it closes」作為一個名詞子句，擔任動詞「wonder」的直接受詞。該子句的主詞是「it」，動詞是「closes」。
Do you know what time the movie starts?
你知道電影幾點開始嗎？
EN： In English-speaking school environments, asking 'I wonder...' is a very common, polite, and non-demanding way to ask for information or start a conversation, compared to direct questions like 'When does it close?'.
中文： 在英語系國家的學校環境中，使用「I wonder...」（我想知道...）是一種非常常見、禮貌且不具強迫感的詢問資訊或開啟對話的方式，相比直接問「When does it close?」（它什麼時候關門？）顯得更為委婉。
EN： Indirect Questions (Noun Clauses): When a question is embedded within another question or statement (e.g., 'Can you tell me...'), it uses statement word order (subject + verb) instead of question word order. Here, 'how I can sign up for art' is a noun clause acting as the direct object.
中文： 間接問句（名詞子句）：當一個問句被嵌入另一個問句或陳述句中時（例如「Can you tell me...」），它必須使用陳述句的語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。在此處，「how I can sign up for art」是一個名詞子句，作為直接受詞。
Could you tell me where the library is?
你能告訴我圖書館在哪裡嗎？
EN： Phrasal Verb 'sign up for': This phrasal verb means to register or enroll in a course, activity, or organization. It is followed by the noun representing the activity or class.
中文： 片語動詞「sign up for」：此片語動詞意為登記或報名參加某個課程、活動或組織。後面接代表該活動或課程的名詞。
I want to sign up for the yoga class.
我想報名參加瑜伽課。
EN： In US high schools, 'art' often refers to elective classes which students must actively 'sign up for' (register) during course selection periods, rather than being automatically assigned.
中文： 在美國高中，「art」（美術）通常屬於選修課程。學生必須在選課期間主動「sign up for」（登記報名），而不是由學校自動安排。
EN： The sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'how' as the direct object of the verb 'explain'. In indirect questions, the word order is subject + verb ('you can join'), not the auxiliary-first order used in direct questions ('how can you join').
中文： 本句使用由引導詞「how」帶引的間接問句（名詞子句），作為動詞「explain」的直接受詞。在間接問句中，語序應為「主詞 + 動詞」（you can join），而非直接問句中的助動詞在前語序（how can you join）。
She will show you how you can solve the problem.
她會示範給你看你要如何解決這個問題。
EN： The modal verb 'will' is used here to express a promise, offer, or voluntary action to help the listener in the future.
中文： 情態助動詞「will」在此處用於表示承諾、主動提供協助或未來自願採取的行動。
I will help you carry those heavy books.
我會幫你搬那些很重的書。
EN： In English-speaking academic environments, joining a class or club often involves a specific 'sign-up' or registration process. Using 'explain how' is a polite and helpful way for teachers or peers to guide newcomers through these administrative steps.
中文： 在英語系國家的學校環境中，加入課程或社團通常需要特定的登記或註冊流程。使用「explain how」（解釋如何...）是教師或同學引導新人完成這些行政步驟時，非常禮貌且熱心助人的表達方式。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) embedded within a direct question. In English, when a question is placed inside another sentence, it loses its question word order (verb + subject) and takes on statement word order (subject + verb). Here, 'who our new principal is' follows the order: question word (who) + subject (our new principal) + verb (is).
中文： 本句使用了嵌入在直接問句中的間接問句（名詞子句）。在英文中，當一個問句被置於另一個句子中時，它會失去原本的問句語序（動詞 + 主詞），而改用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞）。在此處，'who our new principal is' 遵循的順序為：疑問詞 (who) + 主詞 (our new principal) + 動詞 (is)。
Do you know where the library is?
你知道圖書館在哪裡嗎？
EN： In English-speaking schools, the 'principal' is the head of the school. Asking about a new principal is a common topic of small talk among students and staff at the beginning of a school year, reflecting interest in leadership changes that might affect school policies or culture.
中文： 在英語系國家的學校中，'principal' 是指校長。在學年初，詢問新校長是學生和教職員之間常見的閒聊話題，這反映了大家對可能影響學校政策或文化的新領導者的關注。
EN： The phrase 'I am not sure' is followed by a noun clause (or indirect question) acting as the complement. It is used to express uncertainty about a specific fact or piece of information.
中文： 「I am not sure」（我不確定）後面常接名詞子句（或間接問句）作為補語，用來表達對某個特定事實或資訊的不確定性。
I am not sure where they live.
我不確定他們住在哪裡。
EN： An indirect question (noun clause) starting with a question word like 'what' uses statement word order (subject + verb) rather than question word order. Here, we use 'what her name is' instead of 'what is her name'.
中文： 以疑問詞（如 what）引導的間接問句（名詞子句）必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。因此這裡使用「what her name is」，而不是「what is her name」。
Do you know what time the movie starts?
你知道電影幾點開始嗎？
EN： In English-speaking school environments, it is common and polite to admit when you don't know or remember someone's name. Using 'I am not sure what her name is' sounds softer and more polite than a blunt 'I don't know her name.'
中文： 在英語系國家的學校環境中，坦承自己不知道或不記得某人的名字是很常見且有禮貌的。使用「I am not sure what her name is」聽起來比生硬的「I don't know her name」更加委婉與客氣。
EN： This sentence uses an indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'why'. In indirect questions, the word order is subject + verb ('the bell rang'), not the auxiliary verb + subject order used in direct questions ('Why did the bell ring?').
中文： 本句使用了由 'why' 引導的間接問句（名詞子句）。在間接問句中，語序應為「主詞 + 動詞」（the bell rang），而非直接問句中所使用的「助動詞 + 主詞」語序（Why did the bell ring?）。
Could you tell me where the meeting is?
你能告訴我會議在哪裡舉行嗎？
EN： 'Could you tell me...?' is a polite, indirect way to ask for information. Using 'could' instead of 'can' adds a layer of politeness and is commonly used with strangers or in formal/semi-formal situations.
中文： 「Could you tell me...?」是一種禮貌且委婉的詢問資訊方式。使用「could」代替「can」能增加客氣的語氣，常用於與陌生人交談或正式、半正式的場合中。
Could you tell me how to get to the station?
可以請您告訴我如何前往車站嗎？
EN： In Western schools, the daily schedule is strictly regulated by automated bells. A bell ringing early is highly unusual and often triggers curiosity or confusion among students and staff, as it disrupts the precise timing of classes and breaks.
中文： 在西方學校中，每日的作息時間是由自動鐘聲嚴格控制的。鐘聲提早響起是非常罕見的情況，通常會引起學生和教職員的好奇或困惑，因為這會打亂課堂和休息時間的精確安排。
EN： The phrase 'have no idea' is a common idiomatic expression meaning 'to not know at all'. It is often followed by a noun clause starting with a question word (like 'why', 'what', or 'where') acting as the object of the preposition 'of' (which is omitted here).
中文： 片語「have no idea」是一個常見的慣用語，意思是「完全不知道」。後面通常會接由疑問詞（如 why、what 或 where）引導的名詞子句，作為省略了的介系詞 of 的受詞。
I have no idea where she went.
我完全不知道她去哪裡了。
EN： An indirect question (noun clause) introduced by 'why' follows the statement word order (subject + verb) rather than the question word order (auxiliary verb + subject). Here, 'why it rang' is used instead of 'why did it ring'.
中文： 由「why」引導的間接問句（名詞子句）需使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序（助動詞 + 主詞）。因此這裡使用「why it rang」，而不是「why did it ring」。
Do you know why he left early?
你知道他為什麼提早離開嗎？
EN： In English-speaking school environments, the ringing of the bell signifies the start or end of a class period. Expressing confusion about the bell ringing early is a common topic of casual conversation among students.
中文： 在英語系的學校環境中，鐘聲代表課堂的開始或結束。對於鐘聲提早響起表示困惑，是學生之間非常常見的閒聊話題。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 學校或機構內的自助餐廳、食堂
在本文中： 時間表、日程表
在本文中： 中小學校長
在本文中： 走廊、過道
在本文中： 使想起、提醒
在本文中： 考試（examination 的簡稱）
在本文中： 想知道、納悶
在本文中： 解釋、說明
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To register or enroll in something, such as a class, activity, or organization.
報名參加、註冊
To not know something at all; to be completely unaware.
毫無頭緒、完全不知道
A bus used for transporting students to and from school.
校車
A laboratory used for scientific experiments and research, typically in a school.
科學實驗室