Malala: The Girl Who Said No馬拉拉：說不的女孩
聆聽課程
0:00
0:00
EN： Appositive: A noun or noun phrase that sits next to another noun to rename or describe it. In this sentence, 'a place of stunning natural beauty' describes 'Swat Valley'.
中文： 同位語：緊跟在另一個名詞後面的名詞或名詞短語，用於重新命名或補充說明該名詞。在本句中，「a place of stunning natural beauty」補充說明了「Swat Valley」。
My brother, a talented chef, cooked dinner for us.
我的哥哥，一位才華橫溢的廚師，為我們做了晚餐。
EN： Possessive Case ('s): Used to show ownership or relationship. Here, it indicates the story belongs to Malala and the valley belongs to Pakistan.
中文： 所有格 ('s)：用於表示所有權或關係。在這裡，它表示故事屬於馬拉拉，而河谷屬於巴基斯坦。
The teacher's book is on the desk.
老師的書在書桌上。
EN： The Swat Valley, located in northern Pakistan, was once a major tourist destination known as the 'Switzerland of the East' before the Taliban insurgency. This context highlights the contrast between its natural beauty and the later conflict.
中文： 斯瓦特河谷位於巴基斯坦北部，在塔利班動亂之前曾是著名的旅遊勝地，被譽為「東方瑞士」。這段背景強調了其自然美景與後來衝突之間的強烈對比。
EN： Appositive: A noun or noun phrase (Ziauddin) placed next to another noun (Her father) to identify or rename it, usually set off by commas.
中文： 同位語：放置在另一個名詞（Her father）旁邊的名詞或名詞短語（Ziauddin），用於識別或重新命名該名詞，通常用逗號隔開。
My teacher, Mr. Smith, is very kind.
我的老師史密斯先生非常親切。
EN： Noun Clause with 'that': The word 'that' introduces a subordinate clause acting as the object of the verb 'believed', expressing a thought or belief.
中文： that 引導的名詞子句：單字 'that' 引導一個從屬子句，作為動詞 'believed' 的受詞，用來表達一個想法或信念。
She believed that honesty is the best policy.
她相信誠實是最好的策略。
EN： In many parts of the world, including the Swat Valley during the Taliban's influence, gender inequality in education remains a critical human rights issue. Malala's father was a progressive figure who challenged traditional norms by advocating for girls' right to learn.
中文： 在世界許多地方，包括塔利班影響下的史瓦特河谷，教育中的性別不平等仍然是一個關鍵的人權問題。馬拉拉的父親是一位進步人士，他透過倡導女孩的受教權來挑戰傳統規範。
EN： Relative Clauses with 'where': The word 'where' is a relative adverb used to introduce a clause that provides more information about a place (in this case, 'a school').
中文： 關係副詞 'where'：'where' 是一個關係副詞，用來引導一個子句，為前面的地點名詞（在此句中為 'a school'）提供更多資訊。
This is the library where I spent most of my college years.
這就是我度過大部分大學時光的圖書館。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (-ing): The phrase 'developing a deep love...' is a participle phrase that functions as an adverbial, describing an action happening simultaneously with the main verb or as a result of it.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (-ing)：'developing a deep love...' 是一個分詞短語，作為狀語使用，描述與主句動詞同時發生或作為其結果的動作。
She walked out of the room, closing the door quietly behind her.
她走出房間，隨手輕輕地關上了門。
EN： In the context of the Swat Valley during this period, education was a form of resistance. Ziauddin Yousafzai's decision to run a school and encourage his daughter's education was a progressive and courageous act against extremist ideologies.
中文： 在當時斯瓦特河谷的背景下，受教育是一種反抗形式。齊亞烏丁·優素福扎伊決定經營學校並鼓勵女兒接受教育，是針對極端主義意識形態的一種進步且勇敢的行為。
EN： The verb 'dream' is often followed by the preposition 'of' or 'about' to indicate the content of one's aspirations or subconscious thoughts. 'Dream of' typically suggests a long-term goal or desire.
中文： 動詞「dream」通常後接介係詞「of」或「about」來表示夢想或潛意識中的內容。「Dream of」通常暗示一個長期的目標或渴望。
He dreams of traveling around the world one day.
他夢想著有一天能環遊世界。
EN： The use of 'perhaps' and 'or even' functions as an appositive phrase or a parenthetical remark to provide specific examples or possibilities for the 'bright future' mentioned earlier.
中文： 「perhaps」和「or even」的使用起到了同位語短語或插入語的作用，為前面提到的「光明未來」提供具體的例子或可能性。
She wants to study science, perhaps biology or even physics.
她想學習科學，或許是生物學，甚至是物理學。
EN： In the context of the Swat Valley under Taliban rule, for a girl to dream of being a doctor or a politician was a radical act of defiance, as the Taliban sought to restrict women to domestic roles and deny them any public or professional life.
中文： 在塔利班統治下的斯瓦特河谷背景下，女孩夢想成為醫生或政治家是一種激進的反抗行為，因為塔利班試圖將女性限制在家庭角色中，並剝奪她們任何公共或職業生活。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used here to emphasize that the 'beauty' was the recipient of the action 'shattered', highlighting the impact of the event rather than the performer.
中文： 被動語態 (be 動詞 + 過去分詞)：這裡用來強調「美麗」是被「粉碎」的對象，突顯事件帶來的衝擊，而非執行動作的主體。
The peaceful silence was broken by a sudden scream.
寧靜的沉默被一聲突如其來的尖叫聲打破了。
EN： Adverbial Clause of Time (when): This clause provides the temporal context for the main action, indicating that two events happened at the same point in time.
中文： 時間副詞子句 (when)：此子句為主要動作提供時間背景，表示兩個事件在同一時間點發生。
The crowd cheered when the hero appeared on stage.
當英雄出現在舞台上時，群眾歡呼了起來。
EN： The Swat Valley in Pakistan was once a major tourist destination known as the 'Switzerland of the East' before the Taliban's insurgency in the late 2000s. The word 'shattered' vividly reflects the loss of this peaceful, secular lifestyle.
中文： 巴基斯坦的斯瓦特河谷在 2000 年代後期塔利班叛亂之前，曾是著名的旅遊勝地，被譽為「東方瑞士」。'shattered'（粉碎）一詞生動地反映了這種和平、世俗生活方式的喪失。
EN： The preposition 'including' is used to introduce examples that are part of a larger group. It is often preceded by a comma when adding non-essential information to the end of a sentence.
中文： 介係詞 'including' 用於引出屬於某個較大群體中的例子。當它在句尾添加非必要資訊時，通常前面會加上逗號。
The hotel offers many amenities, including a gym and a pool.
這間飯店提供許多設施，包括健身房和游泳池。
EN： The use of 'most + adverb' (most tragically) acts as a sentence modifier to express the speaker's attitude or emotional evaluation of the specific item being mentioned.
中文： 使用 'most + 副詞'（如 most tragically）作為句子修飾語，用以表達說話者對所提項目的態度或情感評價。
The storm caused damage to the town and, most importantly, the local hospital.
暴風雨對城鎮造成了破壞，而且最重要的是，破壞了當地的醫院。
EN： The ban on girls' education by the Taliban in the Swat Valley (2007-2009) was a central conflict in Malala's life. In many extremist interpretations, secular education and female empowerment are seen as threats to their control, leading to the destruction of hundreds of schools.
中文： 塔利班在史瓦特河谷（2007-2009年）禁止女孩受教，是馬拉拉生命中的核心衝突。在許多極端主義的詮釋中，世俗教育和女性賦權被視為對其統治的威脅，導致數百所學校被摧毀。
EN： Passive Voice (be + past participle): Used when the action's recipient is more important than the doer. Here, 'Schools were bombed' emphasizes the impact on the buildings rather than who did it.
中文： 被動語態 (be 動詞 + 過去分詞)：當動作的接受者比執行者更重要時使用。這裡的 'Schools were bombed' 強調學校受到的影響，而非執行動作的人。
The ancient temple was destroyed during the earthquake.
那座古廟在地震中被摧毀了。
EN： Simile (like + noun phrase): A figure of speech that compares two different things using 'like' or 'as' to create a vivid image. 'Like a dark cloud' illustrates how fear felt heavy and pervasive.
中文： 明喻 (like + 名詞短語)：一種修辭手法，使用 'like' 或 'as' 來比較兩個不同的事物，以創造生動的形象。'Like a dark cloud' 描繪了恐懼感是如何沉重且無處不在的。
Her words cut through the silence like a knife.
她的話語像刀子一樣劃破了沉默。
EN： The Swat Valley, once known as the 'Switzerland of the East' for its beauty, became a site of intense conflict when the Taliban took control in the late 2000s. The destruction of schools was a deliberate tactic to suppress secular education and women's rights.
中文： 斯瓦特山谷曾因其美景被譽為「東方瑞士」，但在 2000 年代後期塔利班奪取控制權後，成為激烈衝突的地點。摧毀學校是塔利班用來壓制世俗教育和女性權利的刻意手段。
EN： The conjunction 'as' is used here to indicate that two actions are happening simultaneously, often implying a progression or a causal link between the main action and the background action.
中文： 連接詞「as」在此處用於表示兩個動作同時發生，通常暗示主句動作與背景動作之間存在進展過程或因果關係。
He watched as the sun set behind the mountains.
他看著太陽在山後落下。
EN： The present participle phrase 'disappearing one by one' functions as a participle construction, providing additional information about the classmates' actions or the result of their fear.
中文： 現在分詞短語「disappearing one by one」作為分詞結構，提供關於同學行為的補充資訊，或描述恐懼所導致的結果。
The students left the room, talking quietly among themselves.
學生們離開了教室，彼此低聲交談著。
EN： The sentence reflects the period of Taliban rule in the Swat Valley (2007–2009), where girls' education was systematically targeted. The phrase 'one by one' emphasizes the gradual but persistent erosion of civil society and personal safety.
中文： 這句話反映了塔利班統治斯瓦特河谷期間（2007-2009年）的真實情況，當時女性受教育權受到系統性的打壓。「one by one」（一個接一個地）強調了公民社會與個人安全被逐漸但持續蠶食的過程。
EN： The Gerund (Verb-ing) as a Direct Object: After certain verbs like 'begin', 'start', or 'continue', we can use a gerund (the -ing form of a verb) to function as a noun representing an activity.
中文： 動名詞（Verb-ing）作為直接受詞：在某些動詞如 'begin'（開始）、'start' 或 'continue' 之後，我們可以使用動名詞（動詞的 -ing 形式）來充當代表某項活動的名詞。
She began practicing the piano every afternoon.
她開始每天下午練習鋼琴。
EN： Prepositional Phrase of Time: The phrase 'At just eleven years old' acts as an adverbial phrase, setting the timeframe for the main action. 'Just' is used here as an intensifier to emphasize her young age.
中文： 時間介係詞短語：短語 'At just eleven years old' 作為副詞短語，為主要動作設定了時間框架。這裡的 'just' 用作加強語氣，以強調她年紀之小。
At only five years old, the prodigy could solve complex math problems.
就在五歲時，這位神童就能解決複雜的數學問題。
EN： The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is a major international public broadcaster. In 2009, they sought a schoolgirl to blog about life under the Taliban. Malala's father encouraged her to take this opportunity, which eventually brought her story to the global stage.
中文： BBC（英國廣播公司）是主要的國際公共廣播機構。2009 年，他們尋求一位女學生以部落格形式記錄塔利班統治下的生活。馬拉拉的父親鼓勵她把握這個機會，這最終將她的故事推向了全球舞台。
EN： The phrase 'what life was like' uses a noun clause as the object of the verb 'describe'. In this structure, 'what' acts as a pronoun representing the condition or nature of life, followed by the subject 'life' and the verb 'was'.
中文： 短語「what life was like」使用名詞子句作為動詞「describe」的受詞。在這種結構中，「what」作為代名詞，代表生活的狀況或性質，後面接主詞「life」和動詞「was」。
He couldn't imagine what the weather was like in the desert.
他無法想像沙漠裡的天氣是什麼樣子的。
EN： The preposition 'under' is used here to indicate being subject to a particular authority, system, or set of rules, often implying a sense of control or burden.
中文： 介係詞「under」在此處用於表示處於特定權威、系統或規則的管轄之下，通常隱含著受控制或負擔的意味。
The country flourished under the new leadership.
這個國家在新領導層的帶領下繁榮發展。
EN： The 'Taliban rule' refers to the period when the extremist group controlled parts of Pakistan and Afghanistan, enforcing strict interpretations of Sharia law that severely restricted women's rights and education.
中文： 「塔利班統治」是指該極端組織控制巴基斯坦和阿富汗部分地區的時期，他們執行嚴格的伊斯蘭教法解釋，嚴重限制了女性的權利和受教育權。
EN： The Oxford Comma and Parallel Structure: When listing three or more items (fear, anger, and desire), English uses a parallel structure where each item belongs to the same grammatical category (here, all are noun phrases). The comma before 'and' is called the Oxford Comma, which helps clarify that the last two items are distinct.
中文： 牛津逗號與平行結構：當列舉三個或更多項目（恐懼、憤怒和渴望）時，英文會使用平行結構，確保每個項目屬於相同的語法類別（在此處皆為名詞短語）。在 'and' 之前的逗號稱為「牛津逗號」，有助於明確區分最後兩個項目。
She packed her books, her laptop, and her notebook.
她打包了她的書、她的筆記型電腦和她的筆記本。
EN： Infinitive Phrase as an Adjective: The phrase 'to continue her education' is an infinitive phrase acting as an adjective to modify the noun 'desire'. It explains what kind of desire it is.
中文： 不定詞短語作為形容詞：短語 'to continue her education' 是一個不定詞短語，作為形容詞來修飾名詞 'desire'（渴望）。它解釋了那是什麼樣的渴望。
He has a strong ambition to win the race.
他有贏得比賽的強烈野心。
EN： Malala's blog was written under the pseudonym 'Gul Makai' for BBC Urdu. Her 'unwavering desire' for education became a global symbol for the right to education, leading her to become the youngest-ever Nobel Prize laureate.
中文： 馬拉拉當時是以筆名「Gul Makai」為 BBC 烏爾都語網撰寫部落格。她對教育「堅定不移的渴望」後來成為全球爭取受教權的象徵，並使她成為史上最年輕的諾貝爾獎得主。
EN： Present Participle Phrase (V-ing): The phrase 'giving voice to...' is a participle phrase used to describe a simultaneous action or a result of the main clause. It functions as an adverbial modifier.
中文： 現在分詞短語 (V-ing)：'giving voice to...' 是一個分詞短語，用於描述與主句同時發生的動作或主句產生的結果。在此句中作為副詞修飾語，補充說明主句動作帶來的影響。
The rain lasted for days, causing severe flooding in the area.
大雨持續了數日，導致該地區嚴重淹水。
EN： The + Adjective: When 'the' is used with an adjective like 'voiceless', it functions as a collective noun referring to a group of people who share that characteristic.
中文： 定冠詞 + 形容詞：當 'the' 與形容詞（如 'voiceless'）連用時，它可作為集合名詞，指代具有該特徵的一群人（在此指『無法發聲的人們』或『弱勢群體』）。
The government should provide more support for the elderly.
政府應該為老年人提供更多支持。
EN： The phrase 'giving voice to the voiceless' is a common idiom in social justice contexts. It refers to representing or advocating for marginalized groups who lack the power or opportunity to speak for themselves in society.
中文： 「Giving voice to the voiceless」（為弱勢群體發聲）是社會正義語境中常見的表達方式。它指的是代表或倡導那些在社會中缺乏權力或機會為自己發聲的邊緣化群體。
EN： The use of 'would' in this context represents the 'future in the past.' It is used to describe an event that was going to happen after the time being discussed in the past narrative.
中文： 在此語境中，'would' 代表「過去未來式」。它用於描述在過去敘述的時間點之後，即將發生的事件或結果。
He didn't know that this decision would lead to his success.
他當時並不知道這個決定會引導他走向成功。
EN： The word 'that' introduces a relative clause (adjective clause) that modifies the noun 'a day,' providing more information about what kind of day it was.
中文： 單字 'that' 引導一個關係子句（形容詞子句），用來修飾名詞 'a day'，提供更多關於那是個什麼樣的日子的資訊。
This is the book that changed my perspective on life.
這就是那本改變了我人生觀的書。
EN： This sentence refers to the day Malala Yousafzai was targeted by the Taliban for her activism. This event catalyzed global support for girls' education and eventually led to her becoming the youngest Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
中文： 這句話指的是馬拉拉·優素福扎伊因其維權活動而遭到塔利班攻擊的那一天。這一事件激發了全球對女性受教權的支持，並最終使她成為最年輕的諾貝爾和平獎得主。
EN： The sentence uses an 'Absolute Construction' (his face hidden behind a mask). This is a phrase that functions as an adverbial modifier, consisting of a noun followed by a participle, providing additional descriptive detail without a conjunction.
中文： 本句使用了「獨立主格結構」(his face hidden behind a mask)。這是一種由名詞加上分詞構成的短語，用作狀語修飾語，在不使用連接詞的情況下提供額外的細節描述。
She stood by the window, her eyes fixed on the distant mountains.
她站在窗邊，雙眼凝視著遠方的山脈。
EN： The past participle 'hidden' acts as a passive modifier for the noun 'face', indicating that the face was in a state of being concealed.
中文： 過去分詞「hidden」作為名詞「face」的被動修飾語，表示臉部處於被遮蔽的狀態。
The treasure remained hidden for centuries.
這份寶藏被隱藏了幾個世紀。
EN： The Taliban is an Islamic fundamentalist political movement in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Their opposition to girls' education, as mentioned in the context, is a central theme in Malala's advocacy. The 'mask' here symbolizes the anonymity and fear associated with their control.
中文： 塔利班是阿富汗和巴基斯坦的一個伊斯蘭原教旨主義政治運動。正如背景所述，他們反對女性受教育是馬拉拉倡議活動的核心主題。這裡的「面具」象徵著與其統治相關的匿名性和恐懼感。
EN： The use of 'before' followed by a present participle (-ing form) functions as a prepositional phrase to indicate the sequence of events. It implies that the action in the main clause happened immediately prior to the action in the 'before' phrase.
中文： 使用 'before' 後接現在分詞（-ing 形式）作為介係詞短語，用來表示事件的先後順序。這意味著主句中的動作緊接在 'before' 短語中的動作之前發生。
He checked his messages before leaving the office.
他在離開辦公室前檢查了訊息。
EN： The relative clause starting with 'that' (that struck her in the head) is a defining relative clause. It provides essential information about the noun 'shot' to identify exactly which shot is being discussed.
中文： 以 'that' 開頭的關係子句（that struck her in the head）是一個限定用法關係子句。它提供了關於名詞 'shot'（子彈/槍擊）的必要資訊，用以明確說明是哪一發子彈。
The storm that hit the city caused a power outage.
襲擊該城市的風暴導致了停電。
EN： This sentence depicts a pivotal moment in contemporary history. The Taliban's opposition to female education led to this assassination attempt, which ironically amplified Malala's message globally, eventually leading her to become the youngest Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
中文： 這句話描繪了當代歷史中的一個關鍵時刻。塔利班反對女性受教育導致了這次暗殺企圖，諷刺的是，這反而讓馬拉拉的主張在全世界傳播開來，最終使她成為最年輕的諾貝爾和平獎得主。
EN： Compound Adjectives: When multiple words (like 'fifteen-year-old') function as a single adjective before a noun, they are connected by hyphens. Note that the noun within the compound ('year') remains singular.
中文： 複合形容詞：當多個單字（如 'fifteen-year-old'）在名詞前充當單一形容詞時，會用連字號連接。請注意，複合詞中的名詞（'year'）需保持單數形式。
The ten-minute presentation was very informative.
那場十分鐘的簡報內容非常豐富。
EN： Prepositional Phrases for Manner: The phrase 'in stunned silence' uses the preposition 'in' followed by a noun phrase to describe the state or manner in which an action (watching) occurred.
中文： 表示方式的介係詞短語：短語 'in stunned silence' 使用介係詞 'in' 後接名詞短語，用來描述動作（觀看/關注）發生時的狀態或方式。
The audience listened in complete silence.
聽眾在完全寂靜中聆聽。
EN： The phrase 'critical condition' is a standard medical term used globally to describe a patient whose life is in immediate danger. The 'stunned silence' of the world reflects the global shock and outrage that followed the attack on a young girl advocating for education.
中文： 「critical condition」（情況危急）是全球通用的標準醫學術語，描述生命受到立即威脅的病人。「stunned silence」（震驚的沉默）反映了當時全世界對於一名倡導受教權的少女遭受攻擊所感到的震驚與憤慨。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 不論、不管，表示不受某種條件限制。
在本文中： 茁壯成長、興旺，指在某種環境下表現出色。
在本文中： 奪取、控制，通常指武力奪取政權或土地。
在本文中： 匿名的，不具名的。
在本文中： 壓迫的、高壓統治的。
在本文中： 堅定不移的、毫不動搖的。
在本文中： 無發言權的、弱勢的，指沒有權利或機會表達意見的人。
在本文中： 令人毛骨悚然地、冷酷地。
在本文中： 危急的、嚴重的，指生命垂危的狀態。
在本文中： 粉碎、破壞，指美好的事物被徹底毀掉。
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To express the feelings or opinions of a group of people who are unable to do so themselves.
為…發聲、代表…表達意見
To cover an area or affect people in a way that creates a feeling of gloom, fear, or sadness.
如烏雲般蔓延
Separately and in order; individually.
一個接一個地、陸續地
In a very serious or dangerous state of health, especially in a hospital.
情況危急、生命垂危
The exercise of authority or control over a country or people.
統治、政權
To provide a means for people to express their opinions or concerns, especially those who are marginalized.
為……發聲、代表……表達意見
A medical state where a patient's vital signs are unstable and they may be close to death.
情況危急、病危