EN： The present perfect tense ('has released') is formed with 'have/has + past participle'. In news and announcements, it is commonly used to report recent events or achievements that have current relevance.
中文： 現在完成式（has released）由「have/has + 過去分詞」構成。在新聞報導與公開公告中，常用來陳述剛發生且對當下具有關聯性的重大事件或新成就。
The company has launched a new smartphone this morning.
該公司今天早上推出了一款新智慧型手機。
EN： An appositive noun phrase ('the Mac mini') is placed immediately after another noun phrase ('its smallest desktop computer') to rename or provide clarifying detail about it, typically set off by a comma.
中文： 同位語名詞片語（the Mac mini）緊接在另一個名詞片語（its smallest desktop computer）之後，用逗號隔開，用來補充說明或重新指明該對象的具體身分。
We visited Tokyo, the capital of Japan.
我們造訪了日本的首都東京。
EN： The Mac mini, first introduced by Apple in 2005, is distinct within the Mac lineup as a 'BYODKM' (Bring Your Own Display, Keyboard, and Mouse) compact desktop, making it Apple's entry-level macOS desktop product.
中文： Mac mini 於 2005 年由蘋果首度發表，在 Mac 產品線中以「BYODKM」（自備螢幕、鍵盤與滑鼠）的迷你主機著稱，一直是體驗 macOS 最親民的桌上型入門機種。
EN： Non-defining relative clause with 'which': introduced after a comma to provide extra, non-essential information about the preceding noun phrase ('Apple's latest M6 processor chip').
中文： 非限定關係子句（Non-defining relative clause）：逗號後以關係代名詞 'which' 引導，用來補充說明前面的名詞短語（'Apple's latest M6 processor chip'），提供額外但非必要的補充資訊。
The laptop features an OLED screen, which provides vibrant colors.
這台筆記型電腦配備 OLED 螢幕，能呈現鮮豔生動的色彩。
EN： Correlative conjunction 'both... and...': connects two parallel grammatical structures (here, the noun phrases 'everyday tasks' and 'professional work') to emphasize that two conditions apply equally.
中文： 對等連接詞「both... and...」（兩者皆... / 既...又...）：連接兩個結構對等的成分（此處為名詞片語 'everyday tasks' 和 'professional work'），用以強調兩者兼具。
This software is suitable for both beginners and experienced designers.
這款軟體既適合初學者，也適合經驗豐富的設計師。
EN： In consumer tech reporting, 'everyday tasks' typically refers to web browsing, document editing, and media consumption, while 'professional work' implies resource-intensive activities such as 4K/8K video editing, 3D rendering, and software compilation.
中文： 在科技產品評測與新聞中，「everyday tasks」（日常任務）通常指網頁瀏覽、文書處理與影音串流播放；而「professional work」（專業工作）則代表高負載任務，例如 4K/8K 影片剪輯、3D 渲染與軟體編譯等專業創作用途。
EN： The present perfect tense ('has increased') is used here to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a clear result or relevance to the present moment.
中文： 現在完成式（has increased）在此處用於描述過去發生、但對當前情況具有明確影響或關聯的動作（價格已經上調並維持現狀）。
The company has updated its refund policy this year.
該公司今年已更新了其退款政策。
EN： 'Compared to' is a participial phrase used to draw a contrast or comparison between two things (here, the new price versus the previous model).
中文： 「compared to」為分詞短語，意為「與……相比」，用於在兩者之間進行對比或比較（此處為新定價與前一代機型的對比）。
Sales grew by 15% compared to the previous quarter.
與上一季度相比，銷售額增長了 15%。
EN： In consumer tech reporting, 'price point' is frequently preferred over simply 'price' when discussing market positioning or tiering within a product lineup.
中文： 在科技產品報導中，談論產品在市場上的定位或價格區間時，通常偏好使用「price point」（價格點／定價定位）而非單純的「price」。
EN： Non-restrictive relative clause: The clause ', which is 300 pounds more...' provides extra, non-essential information about the preceding clause or noun phrase ('899 pounds'). It is separated by a comma and introduced by 'which'.
中文： 非限定關係子句：子句「, which is 300 pounds more...」針對先行詞（899 英鎊）提供額外的補充資訊。前面必須使用逗號隔開，並使用關係代名詞「which」引導。
He bought a new phone for 600 dollars, which was much cheaper than expected.
他花了 600 美元買了一部新手機，這比預期的要便宜得多。
EN： Comparative quantifier structure: '[amount] more than [noun]' expresses the exact numerical difference between two compared items.
中文： 數量比較結構：「[數量] more than [名詞]」用來精確表達兩者比較時多出的差額或數量。
This laptop is 200 dollars more than the older model.
這台筆記型電腦比舊款貴了 200 美元。
EN： Prices in the UK are quoted in 'pounds' (GBP) and typically include VAT (value-added tax) by law, unlike in the US where sales tax is added at checkout. This makes UK consumer tech prices appear significantly higher at first glance.
中文： 英國的商品價格以「英鎊」（GBP）標註，且依規定標價通常已包含增值稅（VAT），這與美國在結帳時才外加消費稅的習慣不同，因此英國的科技產品標價表面上看起來往往會高出許多。
EN： The passive voice in past tense ('was/were + past participle') is used here with 'by' to focus on the result (this increase) rather than the cause, while still identifying the agent or cause ('rising memory costs').
中文： 過去式被動語態（was/were + 過去分詞）搭配介系詞「by」，用來強調結果（這次的漲幅），而非單純陳述起因，同時在後方引出造成該現象的因素（成本上漲）。
The delay was caused by severe weather conditions.
延誤是由惡劣的天氣狀況造成的。
EN： The present participle 'rising' functions as an adjective (participial adjective) to describe the ongoing or continuous increase in 'memory costs'.
中文： 現在分詞「rising」在此作為形容詞（分詞形容詞）使用，修飾名詞短語「memory costs」，表達成本「正在上漲、持續攀升」的狀態。
Companies are struggling with rising energy prices.
各家公司正苦於應對不斷上漲的能源價格。
EN： In technology journalism, hardware price changes are commonly attributed directly to supply-chain fluctuations like component costs (e.g., DRAM, NAND flash memory). Passive constructions like 'was caused by' are standard in business news to present factual analysis objectively.
中文： 在科技新聞報導中，硬體產品的價格調整常直接歸因於供應鏈的關鍵零件成本波動（例如 DRAM 或快閃記憶體）。使用「was caused by」這種被動語態，是商業與財經新聞中常見的客觀陳述手法。
EN： The conjunction 'because' introduces a dependent adverbial clause of cause/reason ('Because memory chips have become more expensive'). When the subordinate clause comes before the main clause, a comma is placed between them.
中文： 連字號「because」引導表示原因的副詞子句（「Because memory chips have become more expensive」）。當從屬子句置於主要子句之前時，兩者之間通常需加上逗號隔開。
Because the weather was bad, the flight was delayed.
因為天氣惡劣，航班延誤了。
EN： The present perfect passive form ('have been affected') combines 'have/has been' with a past participle (V-ed). It expresses an action that has happened to the subject, linking a past event to its ongoing relevance or result in the present.
中文： 現在完成被動態（「have been affected」）由「have/has been + 過去分詞（p.p.）」構成。它用來表達主詞已經「受到……影響」，並將過去發生的動作與現在的情況或結果連結起來。
Several local businesses have been affected by the new tax policy.
幾家在地企業已經受到新稅務政策的影響。
EN： In technology hardware reporting, 'specifications' (often informally shortened to 'specs') refers to technical details such as RAM, processor speed, and storage capacity. Consumer tech markets frequently see price fluctuations driven by global supply chain costs, particularly memory and semiconductor shortages.
中文： 在科技硬體報導中，「specifications」（日常口語常簡稱為「specs」）指規格配置，例如記憶體容量、處理器頻率與儲存空間。消費性科技產品的定價常受全球供應鏈成本波動影響，尤其是記憶體晶片與半導體供應吃緊時最為明顯。
EN： A relative clause introduced by 'that' modifies the noun phrase 'the same compact design'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the direct object of the transitive verb 'introduced'.
中文： 由關係代名詞「that」引導的關係子句，用來修飾先行詞「the same compact design」（相同的緊湊設計）。在該子句中，「that」擔任及物動詞「introduced」的受詞。
This phone features the sleek frame that the company developed last year.
這款手機採用了該公司去年開發的俐落外框。
EN： The phrase 'the same ... that/as' is used to show identity or similarity. Here, 'keeps the same [noun]' means to retain an unchanged characteristic over successive product generations.
中文： 片語「the same ... that/as」用於表示同一性或相似性。在此處，「keeps the same [名詞]」表示跨代產品仍延續未變的特徵與規格。
The new laptop keeps the same lightweight body that users loved.
新款筆記型電腦保留了使用者喜愛的相同輕量機身。
EN： In tech industry reporting, companies often alternate between 'chassis redesigns' and internal specification bumps. The term 'keeps the design' signals to consumers that accessories and physical form factors remain compatible with prior generations.
中文： 在科技產業新聞中，硬體廠商通常會在「外觀全新改版」與「僅升級內部規格」之間交替。提到「keeps the design」（保留外觀設計）時，通常向消費者傳達外殼配件與周邊擺設仍可沿用前代規格的訊息。
EN： The linking verb 'measure' can describe dimensions or size without using a passive voice. When stating dimensions, adverbs/adjectives like 'square' (describing equal width and length) and 'thick' (describing depth) follow the unit of measurement.
中文： 連身動詞「measure」可用於主動語態來表示「長度/尺寸為...」，無需使用被動語態。在表達尺寸時，度量單位後方常接形容詞或副詞，如「square」（正方形、長寬各為）以及「thick」（厚度為）。
The small wooden box measures 20 centimetres long and 10 centimetres wide.
這個小木盒長 20 公分、寬 10 公分。
EN： The comparative structure 'comparative adjective + than' ('smaller than...') is used to compare two things. Here, 'so' acts as a coordinating conjunction introducing a clause of result.
中文： 比較級結構「比較級形容詞 + than」（例如 smaller than...）用於比較兩者。句中的「so」則是對等連接詞，用來引導表示結果的子句。
The new battery is much lighter, so the phone is easier to carry than the old model.
新電池輕巧得多，因此這款手機比舊款更容易攜帶。
EN： Tech journalists and reviewers often compare the dimensions of compact hardware to familiar everyday consumer items (like a headphones box or a deck of cards) to help consumers instantly visualize its miniature scale without needing a ruler.
中文： 科技記者與評測者經常將精巧硬體的尺寸與常見的日常用品（例如耳機盒、撲克牌盒等）做對比，幫助消費者在不用尺測量的情況下，立刻對其袖珍的體積產生具體概念。
EN： The structure '[adjective] + enough + to-infinitive' indicates that someone or something has sufficient quality to achieve a particular result. Here, 'light enough to be mounted' means sufficiently light so that it can be installed, using the passive infinitive 'to be mounted'.
中文： 結構「[形容詞] + enough + 不定詞」表示某人或某事物具備足夠的特質以達到某種結果。在此處，「light enough to be mounted」表示輕到足以被安裝，並搭配了被動不定詞「to be mounted」。
This projector is small enough to fit inside a backpack.
這台投影機小到足以放進背包裡。
EN： A non-defining relative clause introduced by ', which' can refer back to the entire preceding clause rather than a single noun. Here, 'which turns any screen into something like an iMac' describes the result of mounting the computer behind the monitor.
中文： 由「, which」引導的非限定關係子句，可用來修飾前面整件事或整個子句，而不僅僅是單一名詞。此處「which turns any screen into something like an iMac」即說明將電腦安裝在螢幕後方所帶來的結果。
He decided to work from home on Fridays, which gave him more time with his family.
他決定星期五在家工作，這讓他有更多時間陪伴家人。
EN： The iMac is Apple's iconic all-in-one (AIO) desktop computer where the processor and components are built directly into the display. Mounting a compact desktop like the Mac mini behind a standalone monitor creates a functionally similar setup without buying an integrated all-in-one system.
中文： iMac 是蘋果著名的「全一體（All-in-One）」桌上型電腦，其主機零件直接整合於螢幕內部。若將精巧的 Mac mini 主機透過 VESA 支架安裝在一般外接螢幕背後，就能達到類似 iMac 般節省桌面空間且螢幕主機合一的效果。
EN： Prepositional phrases indicating place (e.g., 'On the back of the machine') can be placed at the very beginning of a sentence as a fronted adverbial. This sets the physical context or location before introducing the main subject and action.
中文： 表示地點的介系詞片語（如「On the back of the machine」）可置於句首作為「前置狀語」（fronted adverbial）。這種結構能在帶出主詞與主要動作之前，先建立空間背景或焦點。
On the front panel, you will see a power button and two ports.
在前方面板上，你會看到一個電源按鈕與兩個連接埠。
EN： When listing three or more noun phrases as compound direct objects, items are separated by commas, with the coordinating conjunction 'and' placed before the final element (often preceded by an Oxford comma).
中文： 當列舉三個或以上名詞片語作為複合受詞時，各項目間以逗號分隔，並在最後一項前加上對等連接詞「and」（通常配合牛津逗號使用），形成平衡且平行的名詞結構。
The package includes a charging cable, an adapter, and a user manual.
包裝內包含一條充電線、一個轉接頭以及一本使用手冊。
EN： Notice the use of the indefinite article 'an' before 'HDMI' (an HDMI port). In English, 'a' versus 'an' is determined by the initial sound of the word when pronounced, not the letter itself. The letter 'H' in 'HDMI' is pronounced /eɪtʃ/, which begins with a vowel sound.
中文： 請注意「HDMI」前方使用的是不定冠詞「an」（an HDMI port）。在英文中，使用「a」或「an」取決於該單字或縮寫讀音的開頭音標，而非書寫字母。字母「H」在唸作字母名時音標為 /eɪtʃ/（以母音開頭），因此慣用「an HDMI」。
EN： The 'There + be' structure is an existential clause used to declare the presence or absence of something. When negated with 'no' followed by a plural noun (e.g., 'no traditional USB-A ports'), it emphasizes complete absence.
中文： 「There + be」為存在句句型，用於表達某物的存在或不存在。後方接否定詞「no」加上複數名詞（如 'no traditional USB-A ports'），用以強調完全沒有該事物。
There are no empty seats in the conference room.
會議室裡沒有空座位。
EN： The passive voice with a modal verb ('modal + be + past participle', here 'can be purchased') focuses on the action and the receiver rather than who performs it, commonly used in technical or formal contexts.
中文： 情態助動詞的被動語態結構為「情態動詞 + be + 過去分詞」（本句為 'can be purchased'）。此結構將焦點放在動作本身或承受者，而非執行者，常見於科技說明或正式場合中。
Tickets can be booked online in advance.
門票可以事先在網路上預訂。
EN： The transition from USB-A (the rectangular plug used for decades) to modern USB-C and Thunderbolt standards has been a common source of consumer debate. Apple has frequently spearheaded the removal of legacy ports in pursuit of thinner and more compact hardware designs, often creating a secondary market for 'dongles' (adapters).
中文： 從沿用數十年的矩形 USB-A 插孔過渡到新一代 USB-C 及 Thunderbolt 規格，一直是科技界與消費者討論的焦點。蘋果經常為了追求更輕薄、小巧的硬體設計而率先淘汰舊式連接埠，這種做法在消費市場上常被稱為引發了「轉接器（dongle）經濟」。
EN： The sentence uses a reporting verb ('noted') followed by a noun clause introduced by 'that'. The clause functions as the direct object of the verb 'noted'. Notice that 'remains' is in the present tense because it describes a continuing general fact or current status.
中文： 句中使用轉述動詞「noted」（指出），後方接以連接詞「that」引導的名詞子句作為受詞。子句中的動詞「remains」使用現在式，表示這是一項目前仍然持續的事實或現況。
The report indicated that the new model has better battery life.
該報告指出，這款新機型具備更佳的電池續航力。
EN： The linking verb 'remains' is followed by a predicate noun phrase containing a superlative adjective: 'the cheapest Apple computer'. Superlative adjectives (like 'cheapest') are typically preceded by the definite article 'the' to identify the unique item at the extreme of a comparison.
中文： 連綴動詞「remains」後接作為主詞補語的名詞片語，其中包含最高級形容詞「the cheapest」（最便宜的）。在英語中，最高級形容詞前通常要加定冠詞「the」，用以指代在特定範圍中居於極致位置的單一事物。
This tablet is the cheapest device available on the market.
這款平板電腦是目前市面上最便宜的裝置。
EN： Apple's transition to its proprietary 'M-series' Apple Silicon chips began in late 2020. In the tech community, computers featuring these chips are often categorized separately from older Intel-based Macs due to notable leaps in power efficiency and integrated performance. Highlighting that a model is the 'cheapest' M-series machine is a common buying criterion for cost-conscious consumers entering the modern Mac ecosystem.
中文： 蘋果自 2020 年底開始將 Mac 系列全面轉移至自家研發的「M 系列」晶片（Apple Silicon）。在科技圈中，搭載 M 系列晶片的電腦常被單獨歸類討論，因為其能源效率與整合效能顯著優於早期的 Intel 機型。因此，「最便宜的 M 系列機種」往往是預算導向買家進入現代蘋果生態系的重要選購指標。
EN： Reported speech using a 'that-clause': The verb 'said' takes a noun clause introduced by the conjunction 'that' acting as the direct object. Note that 'is' is used instead of the past tense 'was' because the statement represents an ongoing general truth or an enduring characteristic of the machine.
中文： 使用「that 子句」的間接引用句：動詞「said」後接由連接詞「that」引導的名詞子句，充當受詞。在此子句中動詞使用現在式「is」（而非過去式 was），是因為該敘述代表客觀事實或該機器目前仍具備的持續性特徵。
The engineer confirmed that the new battery lasts longer than the previous model.
工程師證實新電池的比上一代型號更持久。
EN： Preposition 'for' expressing concession/comparison standard: 'For' can mean 'considering the nature of' or 'in comparison to'. Here, 'for such a small machine' means 'considering how small the machine is'.
中文： 介系詞「for」表示考量標準或讓步：在此「for」意為「考慮到……」或「就……而言」。「for such a small machine」表示「考慮到這是一台如此小巧的機器」或「就這麼小的機器來說」。
He plays tennis quite well for a beginner.
就初學者而言，他的網球打得相當不錯。
EN： In tech journalism, reviewers frequently evaluate hardware based on performance-per-size or power efficiency. Devices with desktop-grade processors in mini form factors (like the Mac mini) are judged primarily on whether their thermal and physical constraints limit chip performance.
中文： 在科技新聞與硬體評測文化中，評論家常以「效能體積比」或功耗效率來衡量產品。像 Mac mini 這種採用桌上型等級處理器卻具備迷你外觀的裝置，評測重點往往在於散熱與體積限制是否會影響晶片的實際表現。
EN： A noun clause introduced by 'that' functions as the direct object of reporting verbs like 'comment', 'say', or 'think'. Inside this clause, 'may' is a modal auxiliary verb expressing possibility.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句作為報導動詞（如 comment、say、think）的受詞。在此子句內部，情態助動詞「may」用來表示推測或可能性（可能）。
The analyst suggested that the new policy may benefit small businesses.
該分析師表示，這項新政策可能會使小型企業受益。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' introduces a defining relative clause ('who are looking for a budget option') modifying the antecedent noun 'buyers'.
中文： 關係代名詞「who」引導限制性關係子句（who are looking for a budget option），用來修飾先行詞名詞「buyers」（買家）。
We need to support students who are struggling with online learning.
我們需要支援那些在線上學習中遇到困難的學生。
EN： In consumer tech reporting, 'budget option' refers to entry-level devices that provide essential features at the lowest possible cost. For years, Apple's Mac mini served as the most affordable entry point into macOS, so price hikes directly impact cost-conscious consumers and students.
中文： 在科技消費領域中，「budget option」（平價選項／預算友善機型）通常指能以最低價格提供核心功能的入門級產品。多年來，蘋果的 Mac mini 一直被視為體驗 macOS 系統門檻最低的設備，因此其定價上調會直接影響到預算有限的消費者和學生族群。
EN： "Despite" is a preposition meaning "without being affected by" or "in spite of". It is followed by a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase (e.g., "the increased cost"), never directly by a full subject-verb clause.
中文： 「Despite」（儘管／雖然）是介系詞，後面必須接名詞、代名詞或名詞片語（如本句的 "the increased cost"），不能直接接帶有主詞和動詞的完整子句。
Despite the heavy rain, they decided to go hiking.
儘管下著大雨，他們還是決定去健行。
EN： The passive structure "be expected to + verb" is used to report a general prediction, expectation, or belief about a future event or current state without specifying exactly who expects it.
中文： 被動語態結構「be expected to + 原形動詞」表示「被預期／有望去做某事」，常用於新聞或正式文體中客觀陳述預測或社會期待，不需特別指出預測者是誰。
The new smartphone is expected to launch next month.
這款新智慧型手機預計將於下個月推出。
EN： In technology journalism, the abbreviation "specs" is frequently used instead of "specifications". Hardware products are commonly evaluated by comparing price-to-performance ratio, where a higher price point can provoke consumer resistance unless justified by upgraded internals or smaller form factors.
中文： 在科技新聞與評測中，「specifications」（規格）常口語化簡稱為「specs」。科技產品評測特別看重「性價比」（price-to-performance ratio）；若定價調高，通常需要更頂尖的硬體升級或更極致的小型化設計（compact form factor）才能說服消費者買單。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 桌上型的（指放置在桌上使用的電腦）
在本文中： 處理器（電腦的核心運算晶片）
在本文中： 令人印象深刻的；出色的
在本文中： 顯著地；相當大地
在本文中： 規格；技術參數
在本文中： 小巧緊湊的；不佔空間的
在本文中： 被固定；被安裝（在某表面上）
在本文中： 傳統的；常規的
在本文中： 轉接器；適配器
在本文中： 非凡的；引人注目的
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
The chosen retail price of a product, especially in relation to competitors or market expectations
價格點；價位
When considered in relation to someone or something else
與……相比
An inexpensive choice suitable for people with limited money to spend
平價之選；經濟實惠的選擇
A high-speed hardware interface used to connect external peripherals to a computer
Thunderbolt（雷電）連接埠