EN： The verb 'stop' can be followed by a gerund (V-ing) to mean ceasing an activity. 'Stop doing something' means you no longer perform that action.
中文： 動詞「stop」後面接動名詞（V-ing）時，表示停止正在進行的活動或習慣。「Stop doing something」意為「停止做某事」。
He stopped smoking last year.
他去年戒菸了。
EN： The infinitive 'to study' is used here as an adverbial of purpose, meaning 'in order to study'. It explains why the speaker stopped watching TV.
中文： 不定詞「to study」在此處用作目的狀語，意思是「為了讀書」。它解釋了說話者停止看電視的目的。
I got up early to catch the first train.
我早起是為了趕上首班火車。
EN： The verb 'remember' can be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) to talk about a memory of a past action. This is different from 'remember + to-infinitive', which means remembering to do something before doing it.
中文： 動詞「remember」（記得）後面接動名詞（V-ing）時，表示回憶起過去曾做過的事。這與「remember + 不定詞（to V）」不同，後者表示記住去做某件尚未做的事。
I remember visiting that beautiful beach last summer.
我記得去年夏天去過那片美麗的海灘。
EN： The preposition 'on' is used before specific days (e.g., on Monday, on my birthday, on the first day).
中文： 介係詞「on」用於特定的日子或日期之前（例如：在星期一、在我的生日、在第一天）。
We had a big celebration on the last day of school.
我們在學校的最後一天舉行了盛大的慶祝活動。
EN： In English-speaking academic and professional settings, 'the first day' (of school, college, or a new job) is a highly memorable milestone. People often reminisce about their first impressions of colleagues or classmates to build rapport and strengthen relationships.
中文： 在英語系國家的學術與職場文化中，「第一天」（開學、入學或入職）是一個非常令人難忘的里程碑。人們經常會聊起對同事或同學的第一印象，以此來建立默契並拉近彼此的距離。
EN： The verb 'forget' can be followed by an infinitive (to + verb) or a gerund (verb-ing) with a difference in meaning. 'Forget to do something' means failing to perform a planned action or duty in the future. In contrast, 'forget doing something' means losing the memory of a past event.
中文： 動詞「forget」（忘記）後面可以接不定詞（to + 動詞原形）或動名詞（動詞-ing），兩者意思不同。「Forget to do something」表示忘記去做某件計畫中或該做的事（指未來、未完成的事）。相反地，「forget doing something」則是指忘記了過去曾經做過某事（指過去、已完成的事）。
Please don't forget to lock the door when you leave.
出門時請別忘了鎖門。
EN： Negative imperatives are used to give strong advice, warnings, or instructions. They are formed by placing 'Don't' (Do not) before the base form of the verb, regardless of the subject.
中文： 否定祈使句用於給予強烈的建議、警告或指示。其結構是在動詞原形前面加上「Don't」（Do not），不論主詞為何，皆使用此形式。
Don't run in the hallway.
不要在走廊上奔跑。
EN： In English-speaking academic and professional settings, reminding someone to bring materials is a common, friendly gesture to ensure preparedness. Using 'Don't forget to...' is polite and direct, often used between peers, classmates, or from a teacher to students.
中文： 在英語系的學術與工作環境中，提醒他人攜帶資料是一種常見且友善的舉動，用以確保大家做好準備。使用「Don't forget to...」既禮貌又直接，常用於同儕、同學之間，或是老師對學生的提醒。
EN： The verb 'try' followed by a gerund (V-ing) means to experiment with a new method or action to see if it achieves the desired result. This is different from 'try to + verb', which means to make an effort to do something difficult.
中文： 動詞「try」後面接動名詞（V-ing）表示嘗試使用一種新的方法或行動，看看是否能達到預期的效果。這與「try to + 動詞原形」（努力、企圖做一件困難的事）不同。
I tried drinking warm milk before bed, but I still couldn't sleep.
我試過睡前喝熱牛奶，但我還是睡不著。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'but' is used to connect two independent clauses that show contrast. It is preceded by a comma when connecting two complete sentences.
中文： 等立連接詞「but」（但是）用於連接兩個表示對比的獨立子句。當連接兩個完整的句子時，前面通常會加上逗號。
She wanted to go to the party, but she had too much work.
她想去參加派對，但她有太多工作要做了。
EN： In English-speaking academic culture, 'studying late' or 'cramming' is a common experience among students, but there is a growing awareness and discussion around the inefficiency of sleep deprivation, which is why phrases like 'it didn't work' are frequently used to describe these attempts.
中文： 在英語系的學術文化中，「熬夜讀書」（studying late）或「臨時抱佛腳」（cramming）是學生常見的經歷。然而，人們越來越意識到剝奪睡眠的低效率，因此經常會使用像「it didn't work」（沒有效果）這樣的表達來描述這類嘗試。
EN： The structure 'prefer A to B' is used to express a preference of one thing over another. When expressing actions, both A and B must be in the gerund form (V-ing). 'To' in this structure is a preposition, not part of an infinitive, which is why it is followed by a gerund or a noun.
中文： 「prefer A to B」的結構用於表達比起 B 更喜歡 A。當表達動作時，A 和 B 都必須使用動名詞（V-ing）形式。此結構中的「to」是介係詞，而非不定詞的一部分，因此後面必須接動名詞或名詞。
I prefer swimming to running.
比起跑步，我更喜歡游泳。
EN： Gerunds (V-ing) function as nouns in a sentence. In this sentence, 'reading' and 'playing' act as the objects of the preference comparison, allowing verbs to occupy positions typically reserved for nouns.
中文： 動名詞（V-ing）在句子中具有名詞的功能。在本句中，「reading」和「playing」作為偏好比較受詞，使得動詞能夠放在通常由名詞佔據的位置。
She enjoys playing the piano.
她喜歡彈鋼琴。
EN： The verb 'decide' is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to indicate a choice or plan made for a future action.
中文： 動詞「decide」（決定）後面必須接不定詞（to + 動詞原形），用來表示針對未來行動所做出的選擇或計劃。
They decided to buy a new car.
他們決定買一輛新車。
EN： The definite article 'the' is used before specific groups or organizations, such as 'the debate club', to refer to a specific club that both the speaker and listener are aware of.
中文： 定冠詞「the」用於特定的團體或組織（如「the debate club」），指說話者與聽話者雙方都知道的特定社團。
He joined the drama club last semester.
他上學期加入了戲劇社。
EN： In many English-speaking high schools and universities, the 'debate club' is a highly prestigious extracurricular activity. It helps students develop critical thinking, public speaking, and logical argumentation skills, which are highly valued in college admissions.
中文： 在許多英語國家的中學和大學中，「辯論社」（debate club）是一項非常具有聲望的課外活動。它能幫助學生培養批判性思考、公開演講和邏輯辯論的能力，這些能力在大學申請中非常受到重視。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is always followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when expressing an action that one likes doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 動詞「enjoy」（享受/喜歡）後面若要接另一個動作，必須使用動名詞（V-ing），不能接不定詞（to + V）。
She enjoys playing the piano.
她喜歡彈鋼琴。
EN： The phrase 'a lot' is an adverbial phrase used to modify the verb 'enjoy' to show degree, meaning 'very much'. It is typically placed at the end of the clause.
中文： 地方副詞片語「a lot」在此作為副詞修飾動詞「enjoy」，表示程度「非常地」，通常放在句尾。
I like traveling a lot.
我非常喜歡旅行。
EN： The verb 'need' is followed by a to-infinitive ('to' + base verb) when it expresses an obligation or necessity to perform an action.
中文： 動詞「need」（需要）後面接不定詞（to + 原形動詞），用來表示有義務或有必要去執行某個動作。
I need to buy some milk.
我需要買些牛奶。
EN： The preposition 'by' is used to indicate a deadline, meaning 'no later than' or 'at or before' a specific time.
中文： 介係詞「by」用於表示截止日期，意思是「不遲於」或「在某個特定時間或之前」。
Please submit the report by Monday.
請在星期一之前提交報告。
EN： In professional and academic settings, 'by [Day]' typically means the task must be completed before the end of that specific business day. 'By Friday' implies the deadline is Friday afternoon/evening, not the start of Friday.
中文： 在職場和學術環境中，「by [星期幾]」通常意味著任務必須在該工作日結束前完成。「by Friday」（在星期五之前）意味著截止日期是星期五的下午或傍晚，而不是星期五的開始。
EN： The verb 'forget' can be followed by an infinitive ('to' + verb) to indicate that someone did not do something they were supposed to do. This is different from 'forget + -ing' (gerund), which means forgetting a past memory of doing something.
中文： 動詞「forget」（忘記）後面接不定詞（to + 動詞原形）時，表示「忘記去做某件該做的事」。這與「forget + 動詞-ing」（動名詞）不同，後者表示「忘記過去曾做過某事的記憶」。
Don't forget to lock the door when you leave.
出門時別忘了鎖門。
EN： The simple past tense is used here ('forgot') because the action of forgetting occurred at a specific, completed time in the past ('last night').
中文： 這裡使用簡單過去式（forgot），因為「忘記」這個動作發生在過去一個特定且已結束的時間點（last night，昨天晚上）。
She called me last night to ask for help.
她昨天晚上打電話給我尋求幫助。
EN： The verb 'keep' is followed by a gerund (V-ing) to express the continuation of an action. In the past tense, 'kept' is used.
中文： 動詞「keep」後面接動名詞（V-ing），用來表示持續進行某個動作。在過去式中，使用「kept」。
She kept studying despite being tired.
儘管很累，她還是繼續讀書。
EN： The conjunction 'until' is used to show that an action continues up to a specific point in time or until another event happens.
中文： 連接詞「until」用於表示某個動作一直持續到特定的時間點，或直到另一個事件發生為止。
We waited until the rain stopped.
我們一直等到雨停。
EN： The phrase 'get it right' is a very common idiomatic expression in English-speaking cultures, emphasizing the value of persistence, trial and error, and eventual mastery.
中文： 片語「get it right」在英語系國家是非常常見的慣用語，強調堅持不懈、反覆嘗試並最終掌握竅門的價值觀。
EN： The verb 'hope' is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to express a desire or plan for the future. We use 'hope to do something' rather than 'hope doing something'.
中文： 動詞「hope」（希望）後面必須接不定詞（to + 動詞原形）來表示對未來的期望或計劃。我們使用「hope to do something」，而不是「hope doing something」。
She hopes to find a new job soon.
她希望很快能找到一份新工作。
EN： The preposition 'after' is used to indicate that an event occurs later than another event or point in time. In this sentence, 'after the exams' acts as a time modifier.
中文： 介係詞「after」（在……之後）用於表示某個事件發生在另一個事件或時間點之後。在本句中，「after the exams」作為時間修飾語。
We will go for dinner after the movie.
電影結束後我們去吃晚餐。
EN： In many English-speaking countries, students often plan trips or 'gap years' after major exams (like A-Levels or finals) to relax and reward themselves after a long period of intense studying.
中文： 在許多英語系國家，學生在重大考試（如期末考或升學考）結束後，通常會規劃旅行或「空檔年」（gap year），以此放鬆身心並犒賞自己長期的辛勤讀書。
EN： Gerunds (V-ing) as Subjects and Objects: A gerund is a verb ending in '-ing' that functions as a noun. In this sentence, 'Managing time' acts as the subject, and 'choosing...' acts as the direct object of the verb 'means'.
中文： 動名詞（V-ing）作主詞與受詞：動名詞是動詞字尾加 -ing，使其具有名詞的功能。在本句中，「Managing time」（管理時間）作為主詞，「choosing...」（選擇...）則作為動詞「means」的直接受詞。
Learning English opens up many opportunities.
學習英文開啟了許多機會。
EN： Noun Clauses with 'what': The pronoun 'what' can introduce a noun clause that functions as the object of a verb. Here, 'what matters' acts as the object of the gerund 'choosing'. 'Matter' is a verb meaning 'to be important'.
中文： 由「what」引導的名詞子句：代名詞「what」可以引導名詞子句，在句中擔任動詞的受詞。在此處，「what matters」作為動名詞「choosing」的受詞。「matter」在此為動詞，意為「重要、要緊」。
You should focus on what works for you.
你應該專注於對你有效果的方法。
EN： This sentence reflects a common modern Western philosophical approach to productivity and time management, popularized by authors like Stephen Covey. Instead of just doing things faster, the focus is on prioritization and alignment with personal values.
中文： 這句話反映了現代西方對於「生產力」與「時間管理」的普遍哲學觀點（如史蒂芬·柯維等學者的理論）。其核心觀念不在於「更快地做事」，而在於「排出優先順序」並專注於與個人價值相符的重要事務。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb.
中文： 動名詞當主詞：動名詞（動詞 + -ing）可以當作名詞使用，並在句子中擔任主詞。動名詞主詞視為單數，因此後方需接單數動詞。
Reading books helps expand your vocabulary.
閱讀書籍有助於擴展你的字彙量。
EN： Present Perfect Tense: Formed with 'has/have + past participle', this tense is used to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a direct result or relevance to the present.
中文： 現在完成式：由「has/have + 過去分詞」構成，用於描述過去某個未明確說明的時間點所發生的動作，且該動作對現在有直接的影響或關聯。
Technology has improved our daily lives.
科技已經改善了我們的日常生活。
EN： The semi-modal verb 'used to' is used to describe past habits, states, or repeated actions that are no longer true in the present. It is followed by the base form of the verb.
中文： 半助動詞「used to」用於描述過去的習慣、狀態或重複發生的動作，而這些情況在現在已經不再持續。其後接動詞原形。
I used to live in London, but now I live in Taipei.
我以前住在倫敦，但現在我住在台北。
EN： The phrasal verb 'put off' means to postpone or delay. When followed by another action, we must use a gerund (V-ing) as the object of the preposition 'off'.
中文： 片語動詞「put off」意為「拖延」或「延期」。當後面接另一個動作時，必須使用動名詞（V-ing）作為介係詞「off」的受詞。
He put off buying the tickets until the last minute.
他把買票的事拖延到了最後一刻。
EN： In English-speaking academic cultures, 'procrastination' (putting things off) is a very common topic of discussion among students. The phrase 'until midnight' often highlights the pressure of last-minute submissions, which are frequently set for 11:59 PM in modern online learning portals.
中文： 在英語系的學術文化中，「拖延症」（procrastination，即把事情往後拖）是學生之間非常常見的話題。句中的「until midnight」（直到半夜）常讓人聯想到最後一刻交作業的壓力，因為現代線上學習平台常將截止時間設在晚上 11:59。
EN： The modal verb 'would' is used here to describe a past habit or repeated action in the past, similar to 'used to'. It emphasizes the typical behavior of the speaker in past situations.
中文： 助動詞「would」在此處用於描述過去的習慣或重複發生的動作，與「used to」相似。它強調說話者在過去情況下的典型行為。
When I was a child, I would play outside every afternoon.
當我是個孩子時，我每天下午都會在外面玩耍。
EN： The pattern 'stop doing something' means to cease or discontinue an activity. This is contrasted with 'stop to do something', which means to pause what you are doing in order to do something else.
中文： 句型「stop doing something」表示停止、中斷正在進行的活動。這與「stop to do something」（停下手中的事去做另一件事）形成對比。
He stopped smoking to improve his health.
他戒了菸以改善健康。
EN： The verb 'decide' is followed by a to-infinitive (to + base verb) to express a choice or plan to do something in the future or as a next step.
中文： 動詞「decide」（決定）後面必須接不定詞（to + 原形動詞），用來表示決定要做某事或未來的計劃。
She decided to study abroad next year.
她決定明年去國外讀書。
EN： The phrase 'build habits' is a common collocation in English. While 'make' or 'create' are sometimes used, 'build' emphasizes the process of developing and strengthening a habit over time.
中文： 片語「build habits」是英文中常見的搭配詞。雖然有時也會使用「make」或「create」，但「build」（建立/養成）更強調隨著時間推移逐步培養與鞏固習慣的過程。
It takes time to build healthy eating habits.
養成健康的飲食習慣需要時間。
EN： The verb 'start' can be followed by either a gerund (V-ing) or an infinitive (to V) with little to no change in meaning. In this sentence, 'planning' is a gerund acting as the direct object of 'started'.
中文： 動詞「start」（開始）後面可以接動名詞（V-ing）或不定詞（to V），兩者意思幾乎沒有差別。在本句中，「planning」是一個動名詞，作為「started」的直接受詞。
She started learning English last year.
她去年開始學習英文。
EN： 'Every morning' is an adverbial phrase of frequency used to describe how often an action occurs. It is typically placed at the end of a clause.
中文： 「Every morning」（每天早晨）是一個表示頻率的副詞片語，用來描述動作發生的頻率。它通常放在子句的末尾。
I drink a glass of water every morning.
我每天早晨喝一杯水。
EN： The verb 'learn' is typically followed by a to-infinitive (to + base verb) when it means acquiring the ability or habit to do something. 'To finish' acts as the direct object of the verb 'learned'.
中文： 動詞「learn」（學習/學會）後面通常接不定詞（to + 原形動詞），表示習得做某事的能力或習慣。在此處，「to finish」作為動詞「learned」的直接受詞。
She learned to play the piano when she was young.
她年輕時學會了彈鋼琴。
EN： The word 'before' is used here as a subordinating conjunction to introduce a time clause ('before I rest'). In English, we use the simple present tense ('rest') in future-oriented or habitual time clauses, rather than future tense.
中文： 「before」在此處用作從屬連接詞，引導時間副詞子句（「before I rest」）。在英語中，表示未來或習慣性的時間子句中，我們使用現在簡單式（「rest」）而非未來式。
Please turn off the lights before you leave.
離開前請先關燈。
EN： The verb 'stop' followed by a gerund (V-ing) means to cease or discontinue an action that was already in progress. This is different from 'stop to do something', which means to pause what you are doing in order to start a new activity.
中文： 動詞「stop」後面接動名詞（V-ing）表示停止、不再做某件正在進行的事。這與「stop to do something」（停下手中的事去執行另一件事）不同。
He stopped smoking to improve his health.
他為了改善健康而戒煙。
EN： The relative clause 'that did not matter' uses the relative pronoun 'that' to describe the noun 'things'. The verb 'matter' means to be important or significant.
中文： 關係子句「that did not matter」使用關係代名詞「that」來修飾名詞「things」（事情）。動詞「matter」在這裡的意思是「重要」或「有重大關係」。
We should focus on the details that really matter.
我們應該專注於那些真正重要的細節。
EN： The verb 'remember' can be followed by an infinitive (to + verb) or a gerund (verb-ing) with a difference in meaning. 'Remember to do something' means to not forget to perform a future task or duty. In contrast, 'remember doing something' means to recall a past action or memory.
中文： 動詞「remember」（記得）後面可以接不定詞（to + 動詞原形）或動名詞（動詞-ing），兩者意思不同。「Remember to do something」表示「記得去做某事」（指未來的任務或責任）；而「remember doing something」則表示「記得做過某事」（指對過去發生過的事情的回憶）。
Please remember to turn off the lights before you leave.
離開前請記得關燈。
EN： The infinitive phrase 'to stay fresh' functions as an adverbial of purpose (also known as the infinitive of purpose). It explains 'why' the action of taking short breaks was done. It can be expanded to 'in order to stay fresh'.
中文： 不定詞片語「to stay fresh」在此作副詞片語，表示目的（又稱目的不定詞），用來解釋為什麼要「適度休息」。這個結構可以擴展為「in order to stay fresh」（為了保持精力充沛）。
He woke up early to catch the first train.
他早起是為了趕上首班火車。
EN： In modern work and study culture, 'taking short breaks' is highly associated with productivity techniques like the Pomodoro Technique (25 minutes of work followed by a 5-minute break). The phrase 'stay fresh' is a common idiomatic expression meaning to maintain mental alertness and avoid burnout.
中文： 在現代工作與學習文化中，「適度休息」（taking short breaks）與番茄工作法（工作25分鐘，休息5分鐘）等提升效率的方法密切相關。英文片語「stay fresh」是一個常見的慣用語，意思是保持精神飽滿、避免大腦疲勞或倦怠。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb-ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun.
中文： 動名詞當主詞：動名詞（動詞-ing）可以作為名詞使用，並在句子中擔任主詞。在語法上被視為單數名詞。
Learning new skills opens up more career opportunities.
學習新技能會開啟更多職涯機會。
EN： Noun Clause with 'What': The word 'what' can introduce a noun clause that functions as the object of a verb. Here, 'what works for me' acts as the object of the verb 'find'.
中文： What 引導的名詞子句：單字「what」可以引導名詞子句，在句中擔任動詞的受詞。在此處，「what works for me」作為動詞「find」的受詞。
She finally realized what makes her happy.
她終於明白是什麼讓她感到快樂。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is a transitive verb that must be followed by a gerund (verb-ing) when expressing an action that one finds pleasure in doing. It cannot be followed by an infinitive (to + verb).
中文： 動詞「enjoy」（享受/喜歡）是及物動詞，後接動詞時必須使用動名詞（V-ing）形式，用以表示從中獲得樂趣的活動。此處不可接不定詞（to + V）。
She enjoys playing the piano in her free time.
她空閒時喜歡彈鋼琴。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'in control' functions as an adjective meaning having the power to direct or manage something, or feeling calm and collected. It is often used after linking verbs like 'feel' or 'be'.
中文： 介系詞片語「in control」在此作形容詞功能，意為「掌控局勢」或「感到心平氣和、有主導權」。常用於連綴動詞（如 feel、be）之後。
Despite the chaotic situation, the manager remained in control.
儘管情況混亂，經理依然掌控著大局。
EN： The Present Perfect Tense ('have learned') is used here to describe an action that happened in the past, but has a strong connection or result in the present. It emphasizes the knowledge or wisdom the speaker currently possesses as a result of past experiences.
中文： 現在完成式（have learned）在此處用於描述過去發生但與現在有強烈關聯或影響的動作。它強調說話者因過去的經驗而在此刻所擁有的知識或體悟。
I have learned how to play the guitar.
我已經學會了如何彈吉他。
EN： A Noun Clause introduced by 'that' ('that managing time means valuing it') acts as the direct object of the verb 'learned'. Inside this noun clause, gerunds ('managing' and 'valuing') are used as the subject and the object of the verb 'means' respectively.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句（that managing time means valuing it）作為動詞「learned」的直接受詞。在此名詞子句中，動名詞（managing 與 valuing）分別擔任動詞「means」的主詞與受詞。
She believes that saving money means planning ahead.
她認為省錢就意味著提前規劃。
EN： Gerunds (verb-ing) can function as nouns and serve as the subject of a sentence. They are treated as singular nouns, so they take singular verbs (e.g., 'is').
中文： 動名詞（動詞-ing）可以作為名詞使用，並在句子中擔任主詞。動名詞在語法上被視為單數名詞，因此需要搭配單數動詞（例如 'is'）。
Learning a new language opens up many opportunities.
學習一門新語言會開啟許多機會。
EN： The adjective 'worth' is followed directly by a gerund (verb-ing) to indicate that something is deserving of a particular action. The structure is 'be worth + doing'.
中文： 形容詞 'worth'（值得的）後面直接接動名詞（動詞-ing），用來表示某事值得進行某個動作。結構為「be worth + doing」。
This classic movie is worth watching again.
這部經典電影值得再看一次。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is a transitive verb that must be followed by a gerund (V-ing) rather than an infinitive (to V) when expressing an activity that one finds pleasure in.
中文： 動詞「enjoy」（享受/喜歡）是及物動詞，後面接表示活動的動詞時，必須使用動名詞（V-ing），而不能使用不定詞（to V）。
They enjoy playing basketball after school.
他們喜歡在放學後打籃球。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'or' is used to connect two choices in a question. When comparing preferences, 'more' is often added at the end of the question to ask which option the person prefers.
中文： 對等連接詞「or」（或者）用於連接問題中的兩個選項。在比較偏好時，常在句尾加上「more」（更）來詢問對方比較喜歡哪一個選項。
Do you like tea or coffee more?
你比較喜歡茶還是咖啡？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, it is very common to add the listener's name (like 'Emma') at the end of a question. This makes the conversation feel more personal, friendly, and direct.
中文： 在英語系國家中，在問句尾端加上對方的名字（例如「艾瑪」）是非常常見的社交習慣。這能讓對話顯得更親切、友善且具針對性。
EN： The verb 'enjoy' is transitively followed by a gerund (V-ing) as its object, not an infinitive (to V). This structure is used to express general likes or hobbies.
中文： 動詞「enjoy」（享受/喜歡）後面必須接動名詞（V-ing）作為受詞，而不能接不定詞（to V）。此結構常用於表達一般的喜好或興趣。
She enjoys playing the piano in her free time.
她空閒時喜歡彈鋼琴。
EN： The verb 'want' is followed by an infinitive (to + base verb) to express a desire or intention to perform an action.
中文： 動詞「want」（想要）後面接不定詞（to + 原形動詞），用來表示想要進行某個動作的意願或意圖。
They want to travel around the world next year.
他們明年想要環遊世界。
EN： The verb 'forget' can be followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to indicate that someone did not perform an action they were supposed to do. This is different from 'forget + -ing' (gerund), which means forgetting a past memory of doing something.
中文： 動詞「forget」（忘記）後面接不定詞（to + 動詞原形）時，表示忘記去做某件該做的事。這與「forget + 動詞-ing」（動詞名詞）不同，後者表示忘記過去曾做過某事的記憶。
I forgot to lock the door when I left.
我出門時忘記鎖門了。
EN： The phrase 'this morning' acts as an adverbial of time. In English, specific time expressions like 'this morning', 'yesterday', or 'last night' are typically placed at the end of the sentence and are used with the simple past tense.
中文： 片語「this morning」（今天早上）作為時間副詞。在英文中，像「this morning」、「yesterday」或「last night」這類具體的時間表達方式，通常放在句尾，並與簡單過去式連用。
She drank two cups of coffee this morning.
她今天早上喝了兩杯咖啡。
EN： The verb 'stop' can be followed by a gerund (V-ing) to mean ceasing an activity or habit. This is different from 'stop to do', which means pausing one activity in order to start another.
中文： 動詞「stop」後面接動名詞（V-ing）時，表示「停止、戒除」某個動作或習慣。這與「stop to do」（停下手中的事去執行另一個動作）意思不同。
He stopped smoking last year.
他去年戒菸了。
EN： The infinitive 'to stay' is used here as an adverbial of purpose, meaning 'in order to stay'. 'Stay' functions as a linking verb here, followed by the adjective 'healthy'.
中文： 不定詞「to stay」在此處用作目的狀語，表示「為了保持」。這裡的「stay」作為連繫動詞使用，後面接形容詞「healthy」作補語。
She exercises daily to stay fit.
她每天運動以保持健美。
EN： In many Western countries, there is a strong public health focus on reducing 'soda' (also called 'pop' or 'fizzy drinks' depending on the region) consumption due to its high sugar content, making this a very common lifestyle topic.
中文： 在許多西方國家，由於汽水（soda，在某些地區也稱為 pop 或 fizzy drinks）含有高糖分，減少汽水攝取是公共健康宣導的重點，這使得「戒汽水」成為非常常見的健康生活話題。
EN： The verb 'remember' can be followed by a gerund (V-ing) to refer to a past action that has already happened. This is different from 'remember to V', which means remembering to do a future task.
中文： 動詞「remember」（記得）後面接動名詞（V-ing）時，表示記得過去曾經做過某事。這與「remember + 不定詞（to V）」不同，後者表示記住去做某件未完成的事。
I remember locking the door before leaving.
我記得出門前有鎖門。
EN： The preposition 'as' can be used to mean 'in the role of' or 'during the time of being'. In the phrase 'as a kid', it means 'when I was a child'.
中文： 介係詞「as」可用於表示「作為…的身分」或「在…的時期」。在「as a kid」這個片語中，它的意思是「當我是個孩子時」或「小時候」。
She loved drawing as a teenager.
她青少年時期很喜歡畫畫。
EN： The verb 'decide' is followed by a to-infinitive (to + base verb) to express a choice or plan made about a future action.
中文： 動詞「decide」（決定）後面必須接不定詞（to + 原形動詞），用來表示對未來行動所做出的決定或計劃。
They decided to buy a new house.
他們決定要買一間新房子。
EN： The verb 'learn' can be followed by a to-infinitive (to + base verb) to express acquiring a new skill or ability.
中文： 動詞「learn」（學習）後面常接不定詞（to + 原形動詞），用來表示學習並掌握某項新技能或能力。
He is learning to play the piano.
他正在學習彈鋼琴。
EN： In recent years, 'coding' has become a highly popular skill to learn in Western countries, often promoted as a basic literacy skill for the digital age, similar to learning a second language.
中文： 近年來，「寫程式」（coding）在西方國家已成為非常熱門的學習技能，常被推廣為數位時代的基本素養，重要性堪比學習第二外語。
EN： The negative imperative sentence is used to give orders, advice, or instructions. It is formed by placing 'Don't' (Do not) before the base form of the verb.
中文： 否定祈使句用於給予命令、建議或指示。其結構是在動詞原形之前加上「Don't」（Do not）。
Don't touch the hot stove.
不要碰那個熱爐子。
EN： The verb 'forget' can be followed by a to-infinitive (to + verb) to mean that someone must remember to do a future task or duty. This is different from 'forget + gerund (-ing)', which means forgetting a past action.
中文： 動詞「forget」後面接不定詞（to + 動詞原形）表示忘記要做某件（未來的）任務或職責。這與「forget + 動名詞（-ing）」不同，後者表示忘記做過某件（過去的）事情。
Don't forget to lock the door when you leave.
離開時別忘了鎖門。
EN： In the digital age, 'save your work' is a ubiquitous piece of advice in both academic and professional settings. With the rise of auto-save cloud technology, this phrase is sometimes used humorously to remind people of the 'old days' of computer crashes, or as general advice to protect one's progress.
中文： 在數位時代，「save your work（儲存你的工作/檔案）」在學術和工作環境中都是非常常見的建議。隨著雲端自動儲存技術的普及，這句話有時會被幽默地用來提醒人們過去電腦當機的「慘痛回憶」，或作為保護自己努力成果的通用建議。
EN： The verb 'try' followed by a gerund (V-ing) means to do something as an experiment or trial to see if you like it or if it works. This contrasts with 'try + to-infinitive', which means to make an effort to do something difficult.
中文： 動詞「try」後面接動名詞（V-ing）時，表示「嘗試、體驗」某事，以看自己是否喜歡或該方法是否有效。這與「try + 不定詞（to V）」表示「努力、企圖」做某件困難的事不同。
I tried practicing yoga to reduce stress.
我嘗試過練瑜珈來減輕壓力。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used to connect two independent clauses. In this sentence, 'now' acts as an adverb of time, showing a transition from a past action ('tried jogging') to a present state ('love it').
中文： 對等連接詞「and」用於連接兩個獨立子句。在本句中，「now」作為時間副詞，展現了從過去行為（嘗試慢跑）到現在狀態（喜愛它）的轉折與連結。
She moved to London, and now she works for a design firm.
她搬到了倫敦，現在她在一家設計公司工作。
EN： The verb 'need' is followed by an infinitive (to + verb) to express necessity or obligation. In this sentence, 'need to plan' means that planning is a necessary action.
中文： 動詞「need」（需要）後面接不定詞（to + 動詞原形）來表示必要性或義務。在本句中，「need to plan」表示計劃是一個必要的行動。
We need to buy some milk.
我們需要買些牛奶。
EN： 'Before' is used as a conjunction to connect two clauses, indicating that the action in the main clause ('We need to plan') should happen prior to the action in the subordinate clause ('we begin').
中文： 「before」在此處用作連接詞，用來連接兩個子句，表示主句的動作（我們需要計劃）應該在從屬子句的動作（我們開始）之前發生。
Wash your hands before you eat.
吃東西前要洗手。
EN： Gerund as Subject: A gerund (verb + -ing) can function as a noun and serve as the subject of a sentence. It is treated as a singular noun, so it takes a singular verb (e.g., 'takes').
中文： 動名詞當主詞：動名詞（動詞 + -ing）可以當作名詞使用，並在句子中擔任主詞。動名詞主詞視為單數，因此後方須接單數動詞（例如本句中的 'takes'）。
Learning a new language opens new doors.
學習一門新語言會開啟新的大門。
EN： The verb 'take' meaning 'require': The verb 'take' is commonly used to express that a certain amount of effort, time, or resources is necessary to achieve something.
中文： 動詞 'take' 表示「需要」：動詞 'take' 常用來表達達成某事需要花費特定程度的努力、時間或資源。
Mastering the piano takes years of practice.
精通鋼琴需要多年的練習。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 辯論，一種正式的討論或爭論方式
在本文中： 管理，指有效率地規劃與控制時間或資源
在本文中： 習慣，指長期累積、不易改變的行為模式
在本文中： 任務、工作，指特定需要完成的事情
在本文中： 浪費，指不必要地消耗時間或資源
在本文中： 方法、方式，指達成某目的所採用的系統性步驟
在本文中： 重視、珍視，指認為某事物非常重要
在本文中： 程式設計、寫程式
在本文中： 努力、心力，指為達成目標所付出的精力
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To delay doing something until a later date; to postpone.
拖延，延後
To stop doing an activity for a short period of time in order to rest.
休息，短暫休息
To have the ability to direct or manage your own life, situation, or emotions successfully.
感到掌控局勢，覺得有主導權