EN： The phrase 'no longer' is an adverbial phrase used to express that a situation that used to exist in the past does not exist now. It is typically placed after the verb 'to be' or auxiliary verbs, and before main verbs.
中文： 「no longer」是一個副詞片語，用來表示過去存在但現在已不復存在的狀況（意為「不再」）。它通常放在 be 動詞或助動詞之後，以及一般動詞之前。
He no longer works at this company.
他不再這家公司工作了。
EN： The word 'luxury' is used here as a noun adjunct (a noun modifying another noun) to describe 'choice', indicating that the choice is of high quality, expensive, and not essential.
中文： 「luxury」在此處用作名詞修飾語（修飾另一個名詞的名詞），用來修飾「choice」，表示該選擇是高品質、昂貴且非生活必需的（意為「奢侈的選擇」）。
They stayed in a luxury hotel during their vacation.
他們在度假期間入住了一家奢華酒店。
EN： Australia has traditionally had a slower adoption rate for electric vehicles compared to Europe or China, partly due to its vast distances and limited charging infrastructure in regional areas. However, as mentioned in the context, this trend is rapidly changing with lower-cost brands entering the market and infrastructure improving.
中文： 相較於歐洲或中國，澳洲在電動汽車的普及速度上傳統上較為緩慢，部分原因在於其遼闊的國土以及偏遠地區有限的充電基礎設施。然而，正如背景資訊所述，隨著低成本品牌進入市場和基礎設施的改善，這一趨勢正在迅速改變。
EN： Present Perfect Tense (have/has + past participle) is used here to describe a state that started in the past and continues to the present, emphasizing the current result of a gradual change.
中文： 現在完成式（have/has + 過去分詞）在此處用於描述一個從過去開始並持續到現在的狀態，強調漸進變化帶來的現狀結果。
Smartphones have become an essential tool for daily life.
智慧型手機已經成為日常生活中不可或缺的工具。
EN： The noun phrase 'a normal part of the car market' uses the preposition 'of' to show belonging or association, indicating that 'a normal part' is integrated within 'the car market'.
中文： 名詞片語「a normal part of the car market」使用介係詞「of」來表示歸屬或關聯，指出「常態部分」是整合在「汽車市場」之中的。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as the direct object of the verb 'shows'. It contains a complete sentence structure (subject + verb) to express the fact or information being shown.
中文： 由連接詞「that」引導的名詞子句，在此作為動詞「shows」的直接受詞。該子句包含完整的句子結構（主詞 + 動詞），用以表達所顯示的事實或訊息。
Research shows that regular exercise improves mental health.
研究顯示，規律運動能改善心理健康。
EN： The present perfect passive voice ('have been solved') is used to describe an action that has been completed in the past, where the focus is on the result or the receiver of the action (the problems) rather than who performed it.
中文： 現在完成式的被動語態（have been solved）用於描述在過去已完成的動作，其焦點在於動作的結果或承受者（問題），而非動作的執行者。
All the tickets for the concert have been sold.
音樂會的所有門票都已經售出了。
EN： The NRMA (National Roads and Motorists' Association) is an Australian organization that provides roadside assistance, car insurance, and advocates for motorists. In Australia, its data is highly trusted and frequently cited in news reports regarding transport and vehicle trends.
中文： 澳洲皇家汽車服務協會（NRMA）是澳洲提供道路救援、汽車保險並維護駕駛人權益的權威機構。在澳洲，該協會發布的數據極具公信力，經常在有關交通與車輛趨勢的新聞報導中被引用。
EN： The auxiliary verb 'used to' is used to describe past habits, states, or facts that are no longer true in the present. It is followed by the base form of the verb.
中文： 助動詞「used to」（過去常常/曾經）用於描述過去的習慣、狀態或事實，而這些情況在現在已不再屬實。其後接動詞原形。
He used to live in London before moving to Sydney.
在搬到雪梨之前，他曾經住在倫敦。
EN： The structure 'stop someone from doing something' is used to express preventing someone from performing an action. 'From' is a preposition, so it must be followed by a gerund (verb-ing).
中文： 結構「stop someone from doing something」（阻止某人做某事）用於表達防止某人進行某個動作。其中的「from」是介系詞，因此後面必須接動名詞（V-ing）。
The heavy rain stopped us from going to the beach.
大雨阻礙了我們去海灘。
EN： The present perfect tense ('has pushed up', 'has accelerated') is used to describe an action that happened in the past but has a strong connection to or effect on the present situation.
中文： 現在完成式（「has pushed up」、「has accelerated」）用於描述過去發生但與現在狀況有密切關聯或影響的動作。
The heavy rain has caused severe flooding in the city.
暴雨已在城市中造成了嚴重的淹水。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used here in a non-defining relative clause to refer back to the entire preceding clause ('The oil crisis has also pushed up petrol prices'), rather than just the noun 'prices'.
中文： 關係代名詞「which」在此處用於非限定關係子句中，用來指代前面整個子句（「石油危機也推高了汽油價格」），而非僅指代名詞「prices」（價格）。
He passed the exam with perfect scores, which surprised everyone.
他以滿分通過了考試，這讓每個人都很驚訝。
EN： Apposition (Appositive Noun Phrase): A noun phrase placed next to another noun to identify or explain it. Here, 'a car loan broker with twenty years of experience' is an appositive that describes 'Nicole Taylor'. It is set off by commas.
中文： 同位語（同位名詞片語）：放在另一個名詞旁邊，用以說明或解釋該名詞的片語。在此句中，「a car loan broker with twenty years of experience」是一個同位語，用來補充說明「妮可·泰勒」（Nicole Taylor），前後用逗號隔開。
Mr. Green, a high school teacher with ten years of experience, won the award.
格林先生是一位擁有十年經驗的高中教師，他贏得了這個獎項。
EN： Noun Clause as Object: The conjunction 'that' introduces a noun clause ('that about one in three car loans now goes towards electric vehicles') which functions as the direct object of the reporting verb 'says'.
中文： 名詞子句作賓語（受詞）：連接詞「that」引導一個名詞子句（that about one in three car loans now goes towards electric vehicles），在句中作為述說動詞「says」的直接賓語。
She believes that the new policy will benefit everyone.
她相信這項新政策將會使每個人受益。
EN： In Australia, car loan brokers play a significant role in the automotive market, helping consumers find financing options. The phrase 'one in three' reflects a major shift in Australian consumer preferences towards sustainability, driven by both environmental awareness and rising fuel costs.
中文： 在澳洲，汽車貸款經紀人（car loan brokers）在汽車市場中扮演著重要角色，協助消費者尋找合適的融資方案。句中提到的「三分之一」（one in three）反映了澳洲消費者在環保意識抬頭與油價上漲的雙重驅動下，購車偏好已大幅轉向永續發展的電動車。
EN： The Present Perfect Continuous tense (has/have been + verb-ing) is used to describe an action that started in the past and has continued up to the present moment, emphasizing the ongoing process or duration.
中文： 現在完成進行式（has/have been + 現在分詞）用於描述一個從過去開始並一直持續到現在的動作，強調該過程的持續性或進行狀態。
It has been raining since this morning.
從今天早上開始就一直在下雨。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' acts as the direct object of the verb 'noticed'. It contains a complete sentence structure (subject + verb) to express what was noticed.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句作為動詞「noticed」的直接受詞。它包含一個完整的句子結構（主詞 + 動詞），用來表達所注意到的具體內容。
He noticed that the store was closed.
他注意到那家店已經關門了。
EN： Noun Clause with 'that': The word 'that' introduces a noun clause functioning as the direct object of the reporting verb 'explained'. It tells us exactly what Taylor explained. In spoken English, 'that' is often omitted, but it is kept in formal writing.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句：單字「that」在此引導一個名詞子句，作為報導動詞「explained」（解釋）的直接受詞，說明泰勒解釋的具體內容。在口語中「that」常被省略，但在正式書面語中通常會保留。
The doctor explained that the medicine would start working in an hour.
醫生解釋說，藥效會在一個小時內開始發揮作用。
EN： Adverbial Clause of Reason with 'because': The conjunction 'because' introduces a subordinate clause that explains the reason why clients are now comfortable. It connects the main feeling (comfortable) with its cause (enough infrastructure).
中文： 由「because」引導的原因副詞子句：連接詞「because」引導一個從屬子句，用來解釋客戶現在感到放心的原因。它將主要感受（放心）與其原因（足夠的基礎建設）連結起來。
We stayed at home because it was raining heavily.
我們待在家裡，因為雨下得很大。
EN： The 'There is/are' structure is used to introduce the existence of something. In this sentence, 'There are technicians' introduces the existence of plural subjects (technicians). It is followed by a defining relative clause 'who can service these cars' to specify what kind of technicians they are.
中文： 「There is/are」（有……）結構用於引導某事物的存在。在本句中，「There are technicians」引導了複數主詞（技術人員）的存在。其後接一個限定關係子句「who can service these cars」來限定說明是哪種技術人員。
There are many volunteers who want to help clean up the park.
有許多想要幫忙清理公園的志工。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause that describes a person or people. In this sentence, 'who' acts as the subject of the relative clause 'who can service these cars', referring back to 'technicians'.
中文： 關係代名詞「who」用於引導修飾人或人群的關係子句。在本句中，「who」在關係子句「who can service these cars」中擔任主詞，先行詞為「technicians」（技術人員）。
I know a doctor who speaks three languages.
我認識一位會說三種語言的醫生。
EN： The noun clause introduced by 'that' functions as the direct object of the reporting verb 'added'. In English, 'that' can often be omitted in informal speech, but it is kept here for clarity in reporting information.
中文： 由「that」引導的名詞子句在此作為轉述動詞「added」（補充說）的直接受詞。在英語口語中，「that」常可省略，但在此處保留以使轉述內容更加清晰。
He added that the project would be finished on time.
他補充說，該專案將會準時完成。
EN： The present perfect tense ('have come down') is used to describe an action that happened in the past but has a strong relevance or result in the present. The adverb 'dramatically' modifies the verb phrase to show the intensity of the change.
中文： 現在完成式（have come down）用於描述過去發生但與現在有強烈關聯或對現在造成影響的動作。副詞「dramatically」（大幅地）修飾該動詞片語，以表示變化的劇烈程度。
The temperature has come down dramatically since last night.
自昨晚以來，溫度已經大幅下降。
EN： The noun clause introduced by the conjunction 'that' functions as the direct object of the verb 'show'. In this structure, 'that' is often used to connect a main clause with a subordinate clause that expresses a fact, opinion, or statement.
中文： 由連接詞「that」引導的名詞子句，在此句中作為動詞「show」的直接受詞。在這種結構中，「that」常用於連接主句與一個表達事實、觀點或陳述的從屬子句。
Research shows that regular exercise improves sleep quality.
研究顯示規律運動能改善睡眠品質。
EN： The adjective pattern 'be ready to + verb' is used to express that someone is prepared or willing to perform a certain action.
中文： 形容詞句型「be ready to + 動詞原形」用於表示某人已準備好或願意進行某個特定的動作。
The team is ready to launch the new product next week.
該團隊已準備好在下週發表新產品。
EN： In Australia, 'making the switch' in the context of vehicles refers to the significant cultural and economic transition from traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) cars to electric vehicles (EVs). This shift is heavily influenced by Australia's vast distances, which historically caused 'range anxiety', but expanding charging infrastructure is rapidly changing consumer attitudes.
中文： 在澳洲，車輛背景下的「making the switch」（做出改變/轉換）指的是從傳統內燃機汽車（燃油車）向電動汽車（EV）的重大文化與經濟轉型。由於澳洲國土遼闊，過去消費者常有「里程焦慮」，但隨著充電基礎設施的普及，這種消費態度正在迅速改變。
EN： The verb 'hit' is used here in its past tense form (which is also 'hit') to mean 'reached' a certain level or record. It is a transitive verb that directly takes 'a record' as its direct object.
中文： 動詞「hit」在此處為過去式（其三態同形皆為 hit），意思是「達到」某個水平或紀錄。它是一個及物動詞，後面直接接「a record」（紀錄）作為直接受詞。
The company's stock price hit a new high yesterday.
該公司的股價昨天創下了新高。
EN： The preposition 'of' is used to show possession or connection. In the phrase 'Sales of electric vehicles and hybrid cars', 'of' indicates what is being sold, connecting the noun 'Sales' with the specific types of vehicles.
中文： 介係詞「of」用於表示歸屬或關聯。在短語「Sales of electric vehicles and hybrid cars」中，「of」指出銷售的對象，將名詞「Sales」（銷量）與特定類型的車輛連結起來。
The production of organic vegetables has increased this year.
有機蔬菜的產量在今年有所增加。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'According to' is used to indicate the source of information, meaning 'as stated by' or 'on the authority of'. It is typically followed by a noun or noun phrase.
中文： 介係詞片語「According to」（根據）用於指出資訊來源，意思是「正如…所言」或「根據…的說法」。其後通常接名詞或名詞片語。
According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.
根據天氣預報，明天會下雨。
EN： The phrasal verb 'account for' means to form, comprise, or make up a specified amount or proportion of something.
中文： 片語動詞「account for」意為「佔（特定數量或比例）」，用於說明某部分在整體中所佔的份額。
High-tech exports account for seventy percent of the nation's economy.
高科技出口佔了該國經濟的百分之七十。
EN： The 'Electric Vehicle Council' is the national body representing the electric vehicle industry in Australia. Mentioning such official organizations adds high credibility to market statistics in news reporting.
中文： 「電動汽車委員會」（Electric Vehicle Council）是代表澳洲電動汽車產業的國家級機構。在新聞報導中引用此類官方組織的數據，能為市場統計資料增添高度公信力。
EN： Possessive nouns with apostrophe-s ('s) are used to show ownership or association. When a noun already ends in 's' or is a proper noun, we still add 's to indicate possession (e.g., Tesla's, Australia's).
中文： 所有格名詞（'s）用於表示所有權或關聯性。當名詞為專有名詞時，我們在其後加上 's 來表示「...的」（例如：Tesla's、Australia's）。
The company's new policy surprised everyone.
這家公司的政策讓每個人都感到驚訝。
EN： Compound adjectives are often formed by combining a noun/adverb and a participle or adjective, sometimes connected by a hyphen. 'Bestselling' (or 'best-selling') functions as a compound adjective modifying the noun 'car'.
中文： 複合形容詞通常由名詞/副詞與分詞或形容詞組合而成，有時會用連字號連接。「Bestselling」（最暢銷的）在此作為複合形容詞，修飾後方的名詞「car」（汽車）。
This is the best-selling novel of the year.
這是今年最暢銷的小說。
EN： Tesla's Model Y becoming the bestselling car in Australia (beating traditional petrol competitors) represents a historic milestone. Historically, the Australian car market has been dominated by large petrol or diesel utility vehicles (utes) and SUVs, so an electric vehicle taking the top spot highlights a rapid shift in consumer preferences.
中文： 特斯拉的 Model Y 成為澳洲最暢銷的汽車（擊敗了傳統的燃油競爭對手）代表了一個歷史性的里程碑。歷史上，澳洲汽車市場一直由大型汽油或柴油皮卡車（utes）和休旅車（SUVs）主導，因此電動汽車奪得榜首凸顯了消費者偏好的快速轉變。
EN： The past simple tense of the irregular verb 'beat' is also 'beat' (pronunciation remains /biːt/). It is used here to describe a completed action in the past.
中文： 不規則動詞「beat」（擊敗）的過去式同樣是「beat」（發音維持 /biːt/）。此處用於描述過去已完成的動作。
Our team beat the champions in yesterday's game.
我們隊在昨天的比賽中擊敗了冠軍隊。
EN： Defining relative clauses (adjective clauses) start with relative pronouns like 'that' or 'which' to define or identify the noun preceding them. Here, 'that use traditional petrol engines' identifies which competitors are being referred to.
中文： 限定關係子句（形容詞子句）以關係代名詞（如 'that' 或 'which'）開頭，用來限定或明確指出前方先行詞的名詞。在此處，「that use traditional petrol engines」明確指出了是哪些競爭對手。
I prefer cars that run on electricity.
我更喜歡以電為動力的汽車。
EN： In Australia and British English-speaking countries, the term 'petrol' is used to refer to the fuel for cars, whereas in American English, 'gasoline' or 'gas' is the standard term. This sentence highlights the ongoing global transition from internal combustion engines (ICE) to electric vehicles (EVs).
中文： 在澳洲及其他使用英式英語的國家，汽車燃料被稱為「petrol」（汽油），而在美式英語中則通常使用「gasoline」或「gas」。此句子反映了全球汽車市場正從傳統內燃機（ICE）向電動汽車（EV）轉型的趨勢。
EN： The Present Perfect Continuous tense (have/has + been + verb-ing) is used to describe an action that started in the past and is still continuing in the present, emphasizing the ongoing nature and duration of the activity.
中文： 現在完成進行式（have/has + been + 現在分詞）用於描述一個從過去開始並一直持續到現在的動作，強調該活動的持續性與進行過程。
They have been working on this project for three months.
他們這三個月來一直致力於這個專案。
EN： The possessive determiner 'their' is used to show ownership or association with a plural noun (in this case, 'Chinese brands'). 'Share of' refers to a portion of a whole, such as a market share.
中文： 所有格限定詞「their」（他們的）用於表示與複數名詞（在此指「中國品牌」）的所有關係或關聯。「Share of」指在整體中所佔的份額或比例（如：市場佔有率）。
Local companies are trying to increase their share of the global market.
本地公司正試圖提高他們在全球市場的市佔率。
EN： This sentence reflects a major shift in the global automotive industry, where Chinese electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers (like BYD) are expanding rapidly into Western markets like Australia, offering competitive pricing that challenges traditional automakers.
中文： 這句話反映了全球汽車產業的重大轉變：中國的電動汽車製造商（如比亞迪）正快速擴張至澳洲等西方市場，憑藉具競爭力的價格對傳統汽車製造商帶來挑戰。
EN： The phrasal verb 'account for' is used to mean 'to form a particular amount or part of something' or 'to explain the cause of something'. In this context, it expresses a proportion or percentage.
中文： 片語動詞「account for」在此處意為「佔（特定數量或比例）」，也可用於表示「解釋…的原因」。在本句中，它用來表示所佔的比例。
Students account for over 30% of our customers.
學生佔了我們顧客的三成以上。
EN： The past participle 'sold' (from 'sell') is used as a post-modifier (reduced relative clause) modifying the noun phrase 'all electric cars'. It is short for 'which are sold' or 'that are sold'.
中文： 過去分詞「sold」（源自 sell）在此作後置修飾語（簡化關係子句），用來修飾名詞片語「all electric cars」（所有電動汽車），相當於「which are sold」的省略。
EN： In recent years, Chinese electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers like BYD and Haval (GWM) have aggressively expanded into the Australian market. By offering high-tech features at significantly lower price points compared to traditional Western brands or Tesla, they have played a major role in making EVs accessible to everyday Australian consumers.
中文： 近年來，像比亞迪（BYD）和哈弗（Haval，長城汽車旗下品牌）等中國電動汽車製造商積極開拓澳洲市場。相較於傳統西方品牌或特斯拉，它們以更具競爭力的價格提供高科技配備，在推動電動汽車普及於澳洲一般消費者方面扮演了關鍵角色。
EN： Present Perfect Tense (has + past participle) is used here to describe an action that started in the past and has a direct result or relevance to the present situation.
中文： 現在完成式（has + 過去分詞）在此用於描述一個始於過去、且對現在狀況有直接影響或關聯的動作。
The introduction of new technology has improved our daily lives.
新技術的引進改善了我們的日常生活。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'between A and B' is used to show a relationship, connection, or difference involving two distinct groups or entities.
中文： 介系詞片語「between A and B」（在 A 與 B 之間）用於表示涉及兩個不同群體或實體之間的關係、連結或差異。
The bridge connects the passage between the island and the mainland.
這座橋連接了島嶼與大陸之間的通道。
EN： In Australia and the UK, the term 'petrol' is commonly used to refer to gasoline, whereas in North America, 'gas' or 'gasoline' is the standard term. This sentence reflects the Australian context of the news story.
中文： 在澳洲和英國，通常使用「petrol」來指代汽油，而在北美，標準用語則是「gas」或「gasoline」。本句反映了該新聞背景中的澳洲英語用法。
EN： The causative verb 'make' is used here in the pattern 'make + object + adjective' (make electric vehicles more affordable). This structure indicates that a cause brings about a change in the state or condition of the object.
中文： 使役動詞「make」在此處用於「make + 受詞 + 形容詞」（使電動汽車更負擔得起）的句型。此結構表示某個原因導致受詞的狀態或情況發生改變。
The new technology made smartphones much cheaper to produce.
這項新技術使智慧型手機的生產成本降低了許多。
EN： The present perfect tense ('has also made') is used to describe an action that started in the past and has a strong relevance or effect on the present situation.
中文： 現在完成式（「has also made」）用於描述一個始於過去且對現在狀況有強烈關聯或影響的動作。
The rise of online shopping has changed how people buy groceries.
網購的興起已經改變了人們購買雜貨的方式。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 轉售，指將買進的物品再次賣出
在本文中： 加速，促進（某事物的發生或發展）
在本文中： 經紀人，代理商
在本文中： 謹慎，小心翼翼的態度
在本文中： 基礎建設，基本設施（如充電站、道路等）
在本文中： 技術人員，技師
在本文中： 競爭對手，競爭者
在本文中： 縮小（差距），使變窄
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
A vehicle that is powered by an electric motor rather than an internal combustion engine.
電動車
To make something increase in amount or value.
推高，使（價格等）上升
To change from using or doing one thing to another.
做出轉變，改用，換成
The buying and selling of goods that have already been owned or used.
二手市場