EN： Subject Relative Clauses (Adjective Clauses): The relative pronoun 'that' acts as the subject of the relative clause 'that touches the heart' and modifies the noun 'A story'. This clause describes what kind of story we are talking about.
中文： 主格關係子句（形容詞子句）：關係代名詞「that」在關係子句「that touches the heart」中擔任主詞，用來修飾先行詞「A story」（故事），說明是怎樣的故事。
The movie that won the award was very moving.
那部贏得大獎的電影非常感人。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with Relative Pronouns: When a relative pronoun (like 'that' or 'who') is the subject of a relative clause, the verb that follows must agree in number with the antecedent. Here, 'A story' is singular, so the verb 'touches' is also singular.
中文： 關係代名詞的主詞與動詞一致性：當關係代名詞（如 that 或 who）在關係子句中作主詞時，其後的動詞單複數必須與先行詞一致。在此句中，先行詞「A story」為單數，因此動詞使用單數動詞「touches」。
People who live in this city are very friendly.
住在這個城市的人們都非常友善。
EN： The idiom 'touch the heart' is a common English expression meaning to cause someone to feel a strong, usually warm or sympathetic, emotion. It highlights the cultural value placed on emotional connection and empathy in storytelling.
中文： 片語「touch the heart」（觸動人心）在英文中非常常用，意思是讓人產生強烈且通常是溫暖或同情的情感。這反映了西方文化中對於故事創作中情感連結與共情能力的重視。
EN： Relative Clause with 'who': A relative clause is used to give more information about a noun. When the noun is a person (in this case, 'a writer') and acts as the subject of the relative clause, we use the relative pronoun 'who'.
中文： 關係子句（使用 'who'）：關係子句用於提供關於名詞的更多資訊。當該名詞是人（在此句中為 'a writer'）且在關係子句中擔任主詞時，我們使用關係代名詞 'who'。
I know a teacher who speaks four languages.
我認識一位會說四種語言的老師。
EN： Preposition 'for' indicating purpose: The preposition 'for' followed by a noun ('ideas') is used to express the purpose of an action (why the writer travels).
中文： 介係詞 'for' 表示目的：介係詞 'for' 後面接名詞（'ideas'），用於表示某個動作的目的（即該作家旅行的原因）。
She went to the store for some milk.
她去商店買牛奶。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a non-human noun ('the book'). In this sentence, 'which' acts as the object of the verb 'read' in the relative clause 'which I read last week'.
中文： 關係代名詞「which」用於引導修飾非人物（如「the book」）的關係子句（形容詞子句）。在本句中，「which」在關係子句「which I read last week」中擔任動詞「read」的受格。
The movie which we watched yesterday was exciting.
我們昨天看的那部電影很刺激。
EN： The simple past tense is used to describe completed actions in the past. Here, 'read' (pronounced /rɛd/ in past tense) and 'changed' indicate actions that occurred and were completed in the past (specifically, 'last week').
中文： 簡單過去式用於描述過去已完成的動作。在這裡，「read」（過去式發音為 /rɛd/）與「changed」表示在過去（具體為「上週」）已經發生並結束的動作。
She visited her grandmother last month.
她上個月拜訪了她的祖母。
EN： The relative adverb 'where' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a noun of place (the antecedent, 'the village'). It functions as an adverbial of place within the clause, meaning 'in/at which'.
中文： 關係副詞「where」用於引導形容詞子句（關係子句），用來修飾表示地點的先行詞（此處為「the village」）。它在子句中充當地方副詞的角色，相當於「in/at which」。
This is the restaurant where we first met.
這就是我們第一次見面的餐廳。
EN： The demonstrative pronoun 'this' is used as the subject to point out a specific thing nearby or just mentioned, followed by the linking verb 'is' and a subject complement ('the village').
中文： 指示代名詞「this」（這個）用作主詞，用來指出空間上靠近或剛才提到的人事物，後面接連繫動詞「is」與主詞補語（「the village」）。
This is the book I told you about.
這就是我跟你提過的那本書。
EN： The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces possessive adjectives (like 'his', 'her', 'their') and is followed by a noun ('courage') without an article. It introduces a relative clause that describes the noun before it ('A hero').
中文： 關係代名詞 'whose' 用於表示所有格（...的）。它取代了所有格形容詞（如 'his'、'her'、'their'），後面直接接名詞（'courage'），不加冠詞。它引導一個關係子句來修飾前面的名詞（'A hero'）。
I know a writer whose books are very famous.
我認識一位書非常著名的作家。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with Relative Clauses: The verb inside the relative clause ('inspires') must agree in number with the noun that 'whose' modifies ('courage', which is singular). Similarly, the main verb of the sentence ('dies') must agree with the main subject ('A hero').
中文： 關係子句中的主詞與動詞一致性：關係子句中的動詞（'inspires'）必須在單複數上與 'whose' 所修飾的名詞（單數的 'courage'）保持一致。同樣地，句子的主要動詞（'dies'）也必須與主要主詞（'A hero'）保持一致。
A teacher whose lessons are interesting always attracts students.
授課有趣的老師總是能吸引學生。
EN： This sentence reflects a common theme in Western literature and mythology: the idea of immortality through legacy and inspiration. In classical storytelling, a hero's physical death is secondary to the eternal impact of their virtuous deeds on future generations.
中文： 這句話反映了西方文學和神話中的一個共同主題：透過傳承與啟發達到精神上的永生。在古典敘事中，英雄肉體的消逝是次要的，最重要的是他們高尚的行徑對後代子孫所產生的深遠且永恆的影響。
EN： Relative Clause (Adjective Clause): The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a relative clause ('that teach us about kindness') to modify the plural noun 'tales'. Since 'tales' is plural, the verb in the relative clause 'teach' is also in the plural form (no '-s').
中文： 關係子句（形容詞子句）：關係代名詞「that」引導關係子句（that teach us about kindness）來修飾複數名詞「tales」（故事）。因為「tales」是複數，所以關係子句中的動詞「teach」也使用複數形（不加 -s）。
I like books that inspire people to dream.
我喜歡啟發人們去夢想的書。
EN： The verb 'teach' can take a double object (teach + someone + about + something) to express instructing someone on a particular topic or value.
中文： 動詞「teach」（教導）後面可以接雙賓語結構（teach + 某人 + about + 某事），用來表示在特定主題或價值觀上給予某人指導或啟發。
My parents taught me about honesty.
我的父母教導我關於誠實的道理。
EN： Subject Relative Clauses: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person. In this sentence, 'who wrote this' modifies the subject 'The author'. Since 'who' acts as the subject of the relative clause, it cannot be omitted.
中文： 主格關係代名詞：關係代名詞「who」用於引導修飾人的關係子句（形容詞子句）。在本句中，「who wrote this」修飾主詞「The author」。由於「who」在關係子句中擔任主詞，因此不能省略。
The teacher who helped me is very kind.
幫助我的那位老師非常親切。
EN： Prepositional Phrase for Origin: The prepositional phrase 'from [place]' is used with the linking verb 'be' (is/am/are) to indicate a person's country of origin, hometown, or where they come from.
中文： 表示來源的介系詞片語：介系詞片語「from [地方]」與連繫動詞「be」（is/am/are）連用，用來表示一個人的國籍、家鄉或來源地。
My new classmate is from Japan.
我的新同學來自日本。
EN： The relative adverb 'where' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a noun of place (the antecedent, 'a place'). In this clause, 'where' functions as an adverbial of place, meaning 'in/at that place'.
中文： 關係副詞「where」用於引導形容詞子句（關係子句），修飾表示地點的先行詞（在此為「a place」）。在此子句中，「where」充當地方副詞，相當於「in/at that place」的意思。
This is the house where I was born.
這就是我出生的那棟房子。
EN： The simple present tense is used here to express a general truth or permanent state. The adverb 'forever' modifies the verb 'live' to indicate an action that continues without end.
中文： 這裡使用現在簡單式來表達一個普遍真理或永久狀態。副詞「forever」（永遠）修飾動詞「live」（存活/流傳），表示無止境持續的動作。
True friendship lives forever.
真正的友誼永存。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, libraries are highly valued not just as buildings with books, but as community hubs and sacred spaces for preserving human imagination, history, and diverse voices.
中文： 在英語系國家中，圖書館不僅被視為存放書籍的建築，更被視為社區中心，以及保存人類想像力、歷史和多元聲音的神聖空間。
EN： Adjective Clause (Relative Clause) with 'that': The relative pronoun 'that' introduces an adjective clause ('that she told us') that modifies the noun 'the myth'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the direct object of the verb 'told'. Since it is an object relative pronoun, it can optionally be omitted.
中文： 關係代名詞「that」引導的形容詞子句（關係子句）：「that she told us」修飾先行詞「the myth」（神話）。在此子句中，「that」作為動詞「told」的直接受格。因為它是受格關係代名詞，所以在日常英語中也可以省略。
The story that he wrote became famous.
他寫的那篇故事變得很有名。
EN： The Past Simple Tense: The verbs 'told' (past of 'tell') and 'was' (past of 'be') are used here to describe an action and a state that occurred and were completed in the past.
中文： 簡單過去式：動詞「told」（tell 的過去式）與「was」（be 動詞的過去式）在此處用於描述在過去發生並已結束的動作與狀態。
She told me a secret yesterday.
她昨天告訴我一個秘密。
EN： Subject Relative Clause (who): The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause that modifies a person (in this case, 'a girl'). In the relative clause, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'reads'.
中文： 主格關係代名詞 (who)：關係代名詞「who」用於引導修飾人的關係子句（在此句中為「a girl」）。在關係子句中，「who」擔任動詞「reads」的主詞。
I met a writer who travels for new ideas.
我認識一位為了尋找新靈感而環遊世界的作家。
EN： Simple Present Tense for Habits: The simple present tense ('reads') is used with the adverbial phrase of frequency 'every day' to express a regular habit or routine.
中文： 表示習慣的現在簡單式：現在簡單式動詞（reads）與表示頻率的副詞片語「every day」（每天）連用，用來表達規律的習慣或日常作息。
He drinks a cup of coffee every day.
他每天喝一杯咖啡。
EN： Relative clauses with 'which' are used to provide additional information about a non-human noun (in this case, 'the poem'). 'Which' acts as the relative pronoun, and since it functions as the object of the verb 'studied' in the relative clause, it can optionally be omitted in informal English.
中文： 關係子句（形容詞子句）使用關係代名詞「which」來修飾非人的名詞（在此句中為「the poem」）。「which」在關係子句中擔任動詞「studied」的受格，在非正式英語中，此受格關係代名詞常可省略。
The book which you lent me was fascinating.
你借給我的那本書非常引人入勝。
EN： The preposition 'about' is used to indicate the subject matter or theme of something (e.g., a poem, a book, a conversation).
中文： 介係詞「about」在此用於表示某事物（如詩歌、書籍、對話）的主題或內容，意為「關於」或「以……為主題」。
This movie is about friendship.
這部電影是關於友誼的。
EN： The pronoun 'one' is used as a substitute to avoid repeating the noun 'story'. In this sentence, 'one' refers back to 'a good story'.
中文： 代名詞「one」用來代替前面提過的單數可數名詞，以避免重複。在此句子中，「one」指的是「a good story」（一個好故事）。
I don't have a pen. Can you lend me one?
我沒有筆。你可以借我一枝嗎？
EN： The relative clause 'that we never forget' modifies the pronoun 'one'. 'That' acts as the relative pronoun representing the object of the verb 'forget'. In defining relative clauses, 'that' can be omitted when it functions as an object.
中文： 關係子句「that we never forget」用來修飾代名詞「one」。關係代名詞「that」在子句中擔任動詞「forget」的受格。在限定關係子句中，當關係代名詞作受格時，通常可以省略。
This is the movie that I watched yesterday.
這是我昨天看的那部電影。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a relative clause (adjective clause) modifying the noun 'stories'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the subject of the verb 'shape'.
中文： 關係代名詞「that」引導關係子句（形容詞子句），用來修飾先行詞「stories」（故事）。在此子句中，「that」擔任動詞「shape」的主詞。
I love books that inspire me to travel.
我喜歡那些能啟發我去旅行的書。
EN： The noun clause 'who its people are' acts as the direct object of the verb 'shape'. It uses indirect question word order (subject + verb) rather than question order.
中文： 名詞子句「who its people are」作為動詞「shape」的直接受詞。此處使用間接問句的語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。
Do you know who that writer is?
你知道那位作家是誰嗎？
EN： This sentence reflects the universal human tradition of storytelling. In many cultures, oral histories, myths, and legends are not just entertainment, but are fundamental to cultural identity and preserving history.
中文： 這句話反映了人類講故事的普遍傳統。在許多文化中，口述歷史、神話和傳說不僅僅是娛樂，更是文化認同和保存歷史的基石。
EN： Relative Clause with 'which': A relative clause is used to give more information about a noun (the antecedent). 'Which' is used as a relative pronoun to refer to things or concepts (in this case, 'a tale'). It acts as the subject of the relative clause 'which explains the world in old ways'.
中文： 使用 'which' 的關係子句：關係子句用於提供關於名詞（先行詞）的更多資訊。'Which' 作為關係代名詞，用來指代事物或概念（在此句中指 'a tale' 傳說）。它在關係子句 'which explains the world in old ways' 中擔任主詞。
This is the book which inspired me to become a writer.
這就是那本啟發我成為作家的書。
EN： Prepositional Phrase 'in ... ways': The preposition 'in' is used to describe the manner or method in which something is done. 'In old ways' means using ancient methods or perspectives.
中文： 介系詞片語 'in ... ways'：介系詞 'in' 用於描述做某事的方式或方法。'In old ways' 意為「以古老的方式」或「用古老的視角」。
They solved the problem in different ways.
他們用不同的方式解決了這個問題。
EN： In English literature and anthropology, 'myths' are distinguished from 'legends' or 'folktales'. A myth typically explains natural phenomena, origins of the world, or religious beliefs, often involving gods or supernatural forces, which is why the sentence highlights that it 'explains the world in old ways'.
中文： 在英文文學與人類學中，「神話 (myth)」與「傳說 (legend)」或「民間故事 (folktale)」是有所區別的。神話通常用於解釋自然現象、世界的起源或宗教信仰，且往往涉及神明或超自然力量，這也是為什麼本句強調它是「用古老的方式解釋世界」。
EN： The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces a possessive adjective (like 'their') and connects a relative clause to the noun it modifies ('The heroes'). In this sentence, 'whose deeds we admire' describes the heroes.
中文： 關係代名詞「whose」用於表示所有格（…的）。它取代了所有格形容詞（如「their」），並將關係子句連接到它所修飾的名詞（「The heroes」）。在本句中，「whose deeds we admire」修飾「the heroes」，表示「我們所欽佩其事蹟的英雄們」。
I met a writer whose books are famous worldwide.
我認識一位其著作聞名世界的作家。
EN： The verb 'teach' can take a double object structure: 'teach + someone (indirect object) + about something (prepositional object)'. It is used to explain the subject matter being taught.
中文： 動詞「teach」可以採用雙賓語結構：「teach + 某人（間接賓語）+ about 某事（介系詞賓語）」，用於說明所教授的主題或內容。
Our parents teach us about honesty.
我們的父母教導我們關於誠實的道理。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a defining relative clause ('that opened my eyes to new lands') which modifies the noun 'book'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the subject of the verb 'opened'.
中文： 關係代名詞「that」引導限定修飾的關係子句（形容詞子句）「that opened my eyes to new lands」，用來修飾先行詞「book」（書）。在此子句中，「that」充當動詞「opened」的主詞。
I bought a laptop that works very fast.
我買了一台運行速度非常快的筆記型電腦。
EN： The idiom 'open one's eyes to (something)' means to make someone realize or experience something for the first time, often broadening their perspective.
中文： 片語「open one's eyes to (something)」字面意思是「打開某人的眼睛以看見某事」，實際意指「開闊某人的視野」或「使某人開始認識、體驗新事物」。
Travel can open your eyes to different cultures.
旅遊能開闊你的視野，讓你接觸不同的文化。
EN： The relative adverb 'where' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that modifies a noun of place (in this case, 'a village'). It functions as an adverbial of place within the relative clause, meaning 'in which'.
中文： 關係副詞「where」用於引導關係子句（形容詞子句），用來修飾表示地點的名詞（在此句中為「a village」）。它在關係子句中充當地方副詞的角色，相當於「in which」。
This is the library where I study every weekend.
這就是我每個週末學習的圖書館。
EN： The verb 'seem' is followed by a to-infinitive ('to stand') to express an impression or appearance. 'Stand still' is an idiom meaning to stop moving or making progress, often used metaphorically to describe time.
中文： 動詞「seem」（似乎）後面接不定詞（to + 動詞原形，此處為「to stand」）來表達某種印象或外觀。而「stand still」是一個片語，意為「靜止不動」或「停滯不前」，常用於隱喻時間的流逝停滯不前。
She seemed to know the secret.
她似乎知道這個秘密。
EN： A relative clause (adjective clause) introduced by 'who' is used to modify a person (the subject of the relative clause). In this sentence, 'who wrote it' describes 'The author'.
中文： 由關係代名詞 'who' 引導的關係子句（形容詞子句），用來修飾前方代表人的先行詞（在此子句中作主詞）。在本句中，'who wrote it' 用來修飾 'The author'（作者）。
The teacher who helped me yesterday was very kind.
昨天幫助我的那位老師非常親切。
EN： The past perfect tense ('had' + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or point in the past. Here, the traveling ('had traveled') happened before the writing or the reference point in the past.
中文： 過去完成式（had + 過去分詞）用於表示在過去某個動作或時間點之前，就已經完成的動作。在本句中，橫渡海洋的旅行（had traveled）發生在寫書或過去特定時間點之前。
She had already left when I arrived at the station.
當我到達車站時，她已經離開了。
EN： A defining relative clause (adjective clause) starting with 'that' is used to identify or define the noun before it ('Stories'). Here, 'that are passed down' specifies which stories we are talking about.
中文： 關係子句（形容詞子句）：使用關係代名詞 'that' 引導的子句來修飾先行詞 'Stories'（故事），限定並說明是「哪一種」故事（即代代相傳的故事）。
The books that are written by her are very popular.
她所寫的那些書非常受歡迎。
EN： The verb 'keep' can be followed by an object and an adjective (keep + object + adjective) to describe causing someone or something to remain in a particular state.
中文： 使役動詞用法（keep + 受詞 + 形容詞）：此結構表示「使某人/某物保持在某種狀態」。在本句中，'keep a culture (受詞) alive (形容詞)' 表示「使文化保持活力」。
Regular exercise keeps your body healthy.
規律的運動能保持你的身體健康。
EN： The phrase 'passed down' refers to oral tradition, which is the primary way history, values, and lessons were preserved in many cultures before writing became widespread. It highlights the communal and historical value of storytelling.
中文： 片語 'passed down'（代代相傳）指的是口傳文學與傳統。在文字普及之前，許多文化主要依靠口耳相傳來保存歷史、價值觀和教訓。這句話強調了故事敘述對於社群和歷史傳承的文化價值。
EN： The relative adverb 'where' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a noun of place (in this case, 'a place'). Inside the clause, 'where' functions as an adverbial of place, meaning 'in/at that place'.
中文： 關係副詞「where」用於引導形容詞子句（關係子句），修飾表示地點的先行詞（在此為「a place」）。在子句內部，「where」充當地方副詞，相當於「in/at that place」。
This is the restaurant where we first met.
這就是我們第一次見面的餐廳。
EN： The passive voice is formed with 'be + past participle' (heard). Here, it is combined with the modal verb 'can' ('can be heard') to express possibility or ability, indicating that every voice has the opportunity to be listened to.
中文： 被動語態由「be + 過去分詞 (heard)」構成。此處與助動詞「can」結合（can be heard），表示可能性或能力，意指每種聲音都有機會被聆聽。
The music can be heard from a distance.
從遠處就能聽到那音樂。
EN： This sentence reflects the modern democratic ideal of a library. In Western culture, libraries are not just quiet places to read books, but are increasingly viewed as community hubs that promote free speech, inclusivity, and equal access to knowledge for all individuals, regardless of their background.
中文： 這句話反映了現代圖書館的民主理想。在西方文化中，圖書館不僅僅是安靜讀書的地方，更被視為促進言論自由、包容性以及讓所有人（不論背景）平等獲取知識的社區樞紐。
EN： The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces a possessive adjective (like 'their') and introduces a relative clause that describes the noun before it (in this case, 'people').
中文： 關係代名詞「whose」用於表示所有格（...的）。它取代了所有格形容詞（如「their」），並引導一個關係子句來修飾先行詞（在此句中為「people」）。
I know a writer whose books are very popular.
我認識一位書很受歡迎的作家。
EN： The phrase 'be different from' is used to contrast two things or people. 'Ours' is a possessive pronoun meaning 'our lives', used here to avoid repeating the noun 'lives'.
中文： 片語「be different from」用於比較兩個事物或人的不同。「Ours」是所有格代名詞，代表「our lives」（我們的生活），在此處使用以避免重複名詞「lives」。
Their culture is different from ours.
他們的文化與我們的不同。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a non-human subject ('a tale'). In this sentence, 'which' acts as the subject of the relative clause 'which moves us'.
中文： 關係代名詞「which」用於引導修飾非人事物（如本句中的「a tale」）的關係子句（形容詞子句）。在此句中，「which」在關係子句「which moves us」中擔任主詞的角色。
The book which inspired me is on the table.
那本啟發我的書在桌子上。
EN： The noun clause 'how we think' functions as the object of the transitive verb 'change'. It is introduced by the question word 'how' followed by subject-verb word order (how + subject + verb).
中文： 名詞子句「how we think」作為及物動詞「change」的賓語（受詞）。它由疑問詞「how」引導，後面接「主詞 + 動詞」的陳述句語序。
She explained how she solved the problem.
她解釋了她是如何解決那個問題的。
EN： The pronoun 'ones' is used as a substitute to avoid repeating the plural noun 'stories'. It is followed by a defining relative clause ('that we share...') which specifies which 'ones' are being referred to.
中文： 代名詞「ones」用來代替前面出現過的複數名詞「stories」（故事），以避免重複。其後接一個限定關係子句（that we share...）來修飾並明確指出是哪些故事。
I don't like scary movies; I prefer funny ones.
我不喜歡恐怖電影；我比較喜歡搞笑的（電影）。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' introduces an adjective clause (relative clause) modifying the pronoun 'ones'. In this clause, 'that' functions as the direct object of the verb 'share'.
中文： 關係代名詞「that」引導一個形容詞子句（關係子句），用來修飾代名詞「ones」。在此子句中，「that」作為動詞「share」的直接受格。
The books that we read in class were very interesting.
我們在課堂上讀的那些書非常有趣。
EN： Relative clauses (adjective clauses) with omitted relative pronouns. When the relative pronoun (such as 'that' or 'which') acts as the object of the relative clause, it can be omitted. In this sentence, 'we tell' modifies 'the stories' (the stories [that] we tell), and 'we build' modifies 'the world' (the world [that] we build).
中文： 省略關係代名詞的關係子句（形容詞子句）。當關係代名詞（如 that 或 which）在關係子句中擔任受格時，可以省略。在本句中，「we tell」修飾「the stories」（我們所訴說的故事），而「we build」修飾「the world」（我們所建立的世界）。
The book we read yesterday was very inspiring.
我們昨天讀的那本書非常具有啟發性。
EN： The introductory transitional phrase 'In the end'. It is used to introduce a final result, conclusion, or a fundamental truth after considering everything.
中文： 片語「In the end」作為句首的轉折語。用來引出最終的結果、結論，或是在考量所有情況後所得到的根本真理，意為「最後」或「終究」。
In the end, love conquers all.
終究，愛能戰勝一切。
EN： Wh-questions with 'what' as a determiner: 'What' can be placed directly before a noun (e.g., 'what story') to ask for specific information about that noun. In this structure, an auxiliary verb like 'do' is required before the subject to form the question.
中文： 以 'what' 作為限定詞的特殊疑問句：'what' 可以直接放在名詞前面（例如 'what story'），用來詢問關於該名詞的具體資訊。在這種結構中，主詞前面需要加上助動詞（如 'do'）來形成疑問句。
What book do you want to borrow?
你想借哪一本書？
EN： Direct address with a comma: When addressing someone directly by name (vocative case) at the end of a sentence, a comma must be placed before the name to separate it from the main clause.
中文： 使用逗號的直接稱呼：在句子末尾直接稱呼某人的名字（呼格）時，名字前必須加上逗號，以將其與主句隔開。
Where are you going, John?
約翰，你要去哪裡？
EN： In English-speaking cultures, addressing someone by their first name (like 'Emma') is very common and friendly, even in casual or semi-formal conversations. Placing the name at the end of a question makes the interaction feel warm and personal.
中文： 在英語系國家中，直接稱呼對方的名字（如「艾瑪」）是非常普遍且友善的社交方式，即使在日常或半正式的對話中也是如此。將名字放在問句的末尾，會讓對話顯得更加溫暖且具有親切感。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' is used to introduce a defining relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a noun (in this case, 'a tale'). It acts as the subject of the relative clause.
中文： 關係代名詞「that」用於引導限定修飾名詞（在此句中為「a tale」，意為故事）的關係子句（形容詞子句）。在此子句中，「that」擔任主詞的角色。
I met a writer who travels for new ideas.
我遇到了一位為了新靈感而環遊世界的作家。
EN： The verb 'teach' can be followed by an indirect object (us) and a prepositional phrase starting with 'about' to indicate the subject matter being taught.
中文： 動詞「teach」（教導）後面可以接間接受詞（us，我們）以及由「about」引導的介系詞片語，用來表示所教導的主題或內容。
She teaches children about nature.
她教導孩子們關於大自然的知識。
EN： The subject relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a person (the writer). In this sentence, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'travels'.
中文： 關係代名詞主格「who」用來引導關係子句（形容詞子句），修飾先行詞「人」（此處為 the writer）。在此子句中，「who」擔任動詞「travels」的主詞。
I know a teacher who speaks five languages.
我認識一位會說五種語言的老師。
EN： The preposition 'for' is used here to express purpose or reason, meaning 'with the object or purpose of obtaining something' (new ideas).
中文： 介係詞「for」在此處用於表示目的或原因，意思是「為了獲得某物（新靈感）的目的」。
She went to the store for some milk.
她去商店買牛奶（為了牛奶而去）。
EN： The relative pronoun 'which' is used to introduce a relative clause (adjective clause) that describes a non-human noun (the book). In this sentence, 'which' acts as the object of the verb 'read' in the relative clause 'which I read last week'. Since it is an object relative pronoun, it can optionally be omitted in informal English.
中文： 關係代名詞「which」用於引導關係子句（形容詞子句），用來修飾非人的名詞（the book）。在本句中，「which」在關係子句「which I read last week」中擔任動詞「read」的受格。因為它是受格關係代名詞，在非正式英語中可以省略。
The movie which we watched yesterday was very exciting.
我們昨天看的那部電影非常刺激。
EN： The verb 'amaze' is a transitive verb meaning 'to fill someone with surprise or wonder'. In the past tense ('amazed'), it takes the object 'me' to show the emotional effect the book had on the speaker.
中文： 動詞「amaze」是一個及物動詞，意思是「使某人感到驚奇或驚訝」。在過去式（amazed）中，它接上受格「me」，用以表示這本書對說話者產生的情感影響。
The magician's tricks amazed the entire audience.
魔術師的把戲讓全場觀眾感到驚奇。
EN： The relative adverb 'where' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a noun of place (in this case, 'the town'). It functions as an adverbial of place within the clause, meaning 'in/at which'.
中文： 關係副詞「where」用於引導形容詞子句（關係子句），修飾表示地點的名詞（在此為「the town」）。它在子句中充當地方副詞，相當於「in/at which」。
This is the restaurant where we first met.
這就是我們第一次見面的餐廳。
EN： The simple past tense ('began', the past form of 'begin') is used to describe an action that started and finished in the past.
中文： 簡單過去式（「began」為「begin」的過去式）用於描述在過去發生且已結束的動作或狀態。
The movie began ten minutes ago.
電影在十分鐘前開始了。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, local legends and folklore are often deeply tied to specific historical towns or landmarks (e.g., Sleepy Hollow or Nottingham). Pointing out a specific place where a story 'began' evokes a sense of mystery and historical depth.
中文： 在英語系國家中，地方傳說和民間故事通常與特定的歷史小鎮或地標緊密相連（例如：無頭谷或諾丁漢）。指出某個故事「開始」的特定地點，能喚起一種神秘感與歷史厚重感。
EN： The relative pronoun 'whose' is used to show possession. It replaces a possessive adjective (like 'his', 'her', or 'their') and introduces a relative clause that describes the noun before it.
中文： 關係代名詞「whose」用於表示所有格（…的）。它取代了所有格形容詞（如 his、her 或 their），並引導一個關係子句來修飾先行詞（名詞）。
I met a writer whose books are very famous.
我認識一位書非常著名的作家。
EN： The verb 'inspires' is in the simple present tense and agrees with the singular subject 'A hero'. The relative clause 'whose heart is brave' acts as an adjective modifying the subject, but does not change the subject-verb agreement.
中文： 動詞「inspires」為現在簡單式，並與單數主詞「A hero」保持主動詞一致性。關係子句「whose heart is brave」作為形容詞修飾主詞，並不影響主動詞的一致性關係。
A teacher who loves teaching inspires the students.
熱愛教學的老師會啟發學生。
EN： Subject Relative Clause: The relative pronoun 'who' is used to introduce a relative clause that describes a person ('a girl'). In this clause, 'who' acts as the subject of the verb 'writes'.
中文： 主格關係子句：關係代名詞「who」用於引導修飾人（此處為「a girl」）的關係子句。在此子句中，「who」擔任動詞「writes」的主詞。
I met a writer who travels the world for ideas.
我認識一位環遊世界尋找靈感的作家。
EN： Reflexive Pronoun as Determiner: 'Own' is used after a possessive determiner (like 'her') to emphasize that something belongs to the person mentioned and no one else.
中文： 所有格強調詞「own」：在所有格代名詞（如「her」）後加上「own」，用以強調某物屬於該人自己，而非其他人。
He wants to build his own house.
他想要建造一棟他自己的房子。
EN： The relative pronoun 'that' introduces a defining relative clause ('that explains the stars') to modify the noun 'myth'. It acts as the subject of the relative clause.
中文： 關係代名詞「that」引導限制性關係子句（that explains the stars），用來修飾先行詞「myth」（神話）。在此子句中，「that」充當主詞的角色。
The book that sits on the table is mine.
放在桌上的那本書是我的。
EN： Subject-Verb Agreement with Relative Clauses: The verb in the relative clause ('explains') must agree in number with its antecedent ('A myth', which is singular).
中文： 關係子句中的主詞與動詞一致性：關係子句中的動詞（explains）必須與其先行詞（A myth，單數）在單複數上保持一致。
The stories that inspire us are often simple.
啟發我們的故事通常都很簡單。
EN： The relative adverb 'where' is used to introduce an adjective clause (relative clause) that modifies a noun of place (in this case, 'a place'). It functions as an adverb of place within the relative clause, meaning 'in or at that place'.
中文： 關係副詞「where」用於引導形容詞子句（關係子句），修飾表示地點的名詞（在此句中為「a place」）。它在子句中充當地方副詞，表示「在該地點」。
This is the restaurant where we first met.
這就是我們第一次見面的餐廳。
EN： The subject-verb agreement for singular nouns. 'A library' is a singular countable noun, so it takes the singular linking verb 'is'. Similarly, 'dreams' is a plural noun, so it takes the plural verb 'begin' without an '-s'.
中文： 單數名詞的主詞與動詞一致性。「A library」是單數可數名詞，因此搭配單數連繫動詞「is」。同樣地，「dreams」是複數名詞，因此搭配複數動詞「begin」（不加 -s）。
A dog is a loyal pet.
狗是忠實的寵物。
EN： The structure 'noun + worth + V-ing' is used to describe something that is deserving of a particular action. Here, 'worth telling' acts as an adjective phrase modifying the noun 'tale'.
中文： 「名詞 + worth + V-ing（動名詞）」結構用來描述某事物值得進行某個特定的動作。在此處，「worth telling」作為形容詞片語，修飾前面的名詞「tale」（故事）。
A book worth reading is worth buying.
一本值得閱讀的書就值得購買。
EN： The word 'one' is a dummy pronoun used to avoid repeating the noun 'tale'. It is followed by a contact clause (a relative clause with the relative pronoun 'that' or 'which' omitted) 'we never forget' which modifies 'one'.
中文： 代名詞「one」在此處用作替代詞，以避免重複前面出現過的名詞「tale」。其後接一個省略了關係代名詞（that 或 which）的關係子句「we never forget」，用來修飾「one」。
The movie we watched yesterday was a good one.
我們昨天看的那部電影是一部好片。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 傳說、傳奇故事
在本文中： 勇氣、膽量
在本文中： 鼓舞、激勵
在本文中： 神話
在本文中： 文化
在本文中： 行為、事蹟（通常指偉大或顯著的行為）
在本文中： 欽佩、欣賞
在本文中： 古老的、極其悠久的
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To cause someone to feel a strong, usually warm or sympathetic, emotion.
觸動人心、感動
To make someone realize the truth about something or experience new things.
大開眼界、使某人認清真相或體驗新事物
To stop moving or progressing; to remain in the same place or state.
停滯不前、時間彷彿靜止
To give or teach something to people who are younger than you or who will live after you.
世代相傳、傳承