EN： The Second Conditional is used to talk about hypothetical, unreal, or imaginary situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + Subject + Past Simple (using 'were' for all subjects), Subject + would + base verb'.
中文： 與現在事實相反的假設語氣（第二類條件句），用於表示與現在事實相反或幾乎不可能發生的假設情況。結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞（不論主詞人稱，Be動詞一律用 were），主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。
If I were you, I would accept the job offer.
如果我是你，我會接受那份工作機會。
EN： The verb 'make' is a causative verb here, used in the pattern 'make + object + adjective' to mean causing someone or something to be in a particular state.
中文： 動詞「make」在此作為使役/不完全及物動詞，使用「make + 受詞 + 形容詞」的結構，表示「使某人或某事處於某種狀態」。
The funny movie made everyone happy.
這部有趣的電影讓每個人都很開心。
EN： The verb 'wish' is followed by a clause in the past subjunctive (simple past tense) to express a desire for a situation in the present that is contrary to reality or unlikely to happen.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）後面接子句時，須使用過去虛擬語氣（即動詞用過去式），用來表示與現在事實相反或難以實現的願望。
I wish I knew the answer to this question.
但願我知道這個問題的答案。
EN： The infinitive 'to read' acts as an adjective (adjectival infinitive) modifying the noun 'time', indicating the purpose or use of the time.
中文： 不定詞「to read」在此作形容詞修飾名詞「time」（時間），表示該時間的用途或目的（用來閱讀的時間）。
She has a lot of homework to do.
她有很多要做的功課。
EN： The Second Conditional is used to talk about hypothetical, unreal, or imaginary situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + subject + past simple (were for all subjects), subject + would + base verb'.
中文： 與現在事實相反的假設（第二類條件句），用於描述在現在或未來不可能或極不可能發生的假設情況。結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞（不論主詞人稱，be 動詞一律用 were），主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。
If I were rich, I would travel around the world.
如果我有錢，我就會環遊世界。
EN： The phrase 'If I were you' is a common subjunctive idiom used to give advice. Even though 'I' normally takes 'was', 'were' is used here to emphasize the hypothetical nature of the advice.
中文： 「If I were you」是一個常用於給予建議的虛擬語氣片語。雖然主詞「I」在過去式中通常搭配「was」，但在虛擬語氣中一律使用「were」，以強調這是一個與事實相反的假設（我不可能真的變成你）。
If I were you, I would accept the job offer.
如果我是你，我就會接受那份工作機會。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, giving advice using 'If I were you...' is considered polite and indirect. Instead of telling someone directly what to do (e.g., 'You should join'), this structure frames the advice as a personal perspective, making it sound less bossy.
中文： 在英語系國家中，使用「If I were you...」（如果我是你...）來給予建議被認為是一種禮貌且委婉的方式。相較於直接告訴對方該怎麼做（例如「You should join」），這種結構將建議包裝成個人的觀點，聽起來比較不會有命令或好為人師的感覺。
EN： The verb 'wish' followed by a clause in the past tense (or using 'could' + base verb) is used to express a desire for something that is currently impossible or unlikely to happen in the present or future. It represents a hypothetical situation.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）後面接子句，子句中使用過去式動詞（或使用「could」+ 原形動詞），用來表示對現在或未來難以實現或不可能實現的願望，屬於假設語氣。
I wish I could play the piano like a professional.
我希望我能像專業人士一樣彈鋼琴。
EN： The adverb 'someday' refers to an indefinite time in the future, often used to express long-term hopes, dreams, or plans.
中文： 副詞「someday」意為「有朝一日」或「未來的某一天」，通常用於表達長期的希望、夢想或計劃，時間點並不具體。
EN： Second Conditional (Hypothetical Present/Future): Used to talk about imaginary, unlikely, or impossible situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + Subject + Simple Past Verb, Subject + would + Base Verb'.
中文： 與現在事實相反的假設（第二類條件句）：用於描述在現在或未來不太可能發生、或不可能實現的想像情況。結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞，主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。
If I had his phone number, I would call him right now.
如果我有他的電話號碼，我現在就會打給他。
EN： Comparative Adjectives: Used to compare differences between the two objects they modify (e.g., 'bigger'). The adverb 'more' is used here to modify the verb 'study', meaning 'to a greater degree or frequency'.
中文： 比較級形容詞與副詞：用於比較兩個事物之間的差異（例如 'bigger'）。在此句中，'more' 作為副詞修飾動詞 'study'，表示「更頻繁地」或「程度更深地」學習。
If we bought a larger table, we could host more guests.
如果我們買一張更大的桌子，我們就能款待更多客人。
EN： The verb 'wish' is used with the past subjunctive (were) to express a regret or a desire for a situation in the present that is contrary to reality. Even with singular subjects like 'today', 'he', 'she', or 'it', 'were' is traditionally used in formal English.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）後面接子句時，須使用過去式虛擬語氣（此處用 were）來表示與現在事實相反的願望或遺憾。即使主詞是單數（如 today, he, she, it），在正式英文中仍習慣使用「were」而非「was」。
I wish I were on a beach right now.
但願我現在正躺在沙灘上。
EN： The preposition 'for' is used here to indicate purpose or the reason for wanting the weather to be sunny, linking the desired state to the planned event ('our trip').
中文： 介係詞「for」在此處用於表示目的或原因，將期望的天氣狀態（晴天）與計畫好的活動（我們的旅行）連結起來，意為「為了…」。
We are preparing for the upcoming exam.
我們正在為即將到來的考試做準備。
EN： In daily conversation, many native speakers might say 'I wish today was sunny' instead of 'were'. However, 'were' remains the standard and preferred form in formal writing, exams, and traditional grammar instruction.
中文： 在日常口語中，許多母語人士會說「I wish today was sunny」而非「were」。然而，在正式寫作、考試以及傳統文法教學中，「were」仍然是標準且最被推薦的寫法。
EN： This sentence uses the Second Conditional (subjunctive mood) to talk about hypothetical, imaginary, or impossible situations in the present or future. The structure is: 'If + Subject + Past Simple Verb, Subject + would + Base Verb'. The past tense verb 'knew' indicates that the condition is currently untrue or unlikely.
中文： 此句使用「第二類條件句」（假設語氣），用來表示與現在或未來事實相反的假設、想像或不可能發生的情況。其結構為：「If + 主詞 + 過去簡單式動詞，主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。這裡的過去式動詞 'knew' 表示該條件在目前並非事實或發生的可能性極低。
If I had a car, I would drive to the beach.
如果我有車，我就會開車去海灘。
EN： The verb 'wish' is used to express a desire for a situation that is different from the current reality. When expressing a present wish that is contrary to fact, we use the past subjunctive. For the verb 'be', 'were' is used for all subjects (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) in formal English, although 'was' is often heard in casual speech.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）用於表示與現狀相反或難以實現的願望。當表達與「現在事實相反」的願望時，從屬子句須使用「過去式虛擬語氣」。其中 be 動詞不論主詞為何（I, you, he, she, it, we, they），在正式英文中一律使用「were」，雖然在口語中也常聽到用「was」。
I wish I were taller.
但願我能長得更高一點。
EN： The phrase 'be better at' is used to describe having a higher level of ability or skill in a specific subject, activity, or field. 'At' is a preposition, so it must be followed by a noun, pronoun, or gerund (V-ing).
中文： 片語「be better at」意為「在某方面做得更好」或「更擅長於…」，用來描述在特定學科、活動或領域的能力提升。介係詞「at」後面必須接名詞、代名詞或動名詞（V-ing）。
She wants to be better at playing the piano.
她希望彈鋼琴能彈得更好。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, expressing vulnerability about one's academic weaknesses (like math) is very common and socially acceptable. Saying 'I wish I were better at math' is a polite and humble way to acknowledge a struggle without sounding overly negative, and it often invites encouragement or shared sympathy from others.
中文： 在英語系國家中，坦露自己在學術上（例如數學）的弱點是非常普遍且被社會接受的。說「I wish I were better at math」是一種禮貌且謙虛的方式來承認自己的困難，而不會顯得過於消極，這通常會引來他人的鼓勵或共鳴。
EN： This sentence uses the Second Conditional (subjunctive mood) to talk about hypothetical, imaginary, or unlikely situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + subject + past simple verb, subject + would + base verb'. It shows that the condition (practicing daily) is not currently true or is unlikely to happen.
中文： 此句使用「第二類條件句」（假設語氣），用來表示與現在或未來事實相反、或極不可能發生的假設情況。其結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去簡單式動詞，主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。這表明該條件（每天練習）在目前並非事實，或發生的可能性極低。
If she studied harder, she would pass the exam.
如果她更努力讀書，她就會通過考試。
EN： The adverb 'fast' is used here to modify the verb 'improve'. In English, 'fast' can function as both an adjective and an adverb, meaning quickly or at high speed, without adding '-ly'.
中文： 副詞 'fast' 在此處用來修飾動詞 'improve'。在英文中，'fast' 既可以當形容詞也可以當副詞使用，表示「快速地」，不需要加上 '-ly' 變成 'fastly'（此字並不存在）。
He drives fast but safely.
他開車開得很快但很安全。
EN： The verb 'wish' is used to express a desire for a situation that is different from the current reality. When wishing for a change in the present or future, we use the past subjunctive (simple past tense) in the following clause. For example, 'were' is used instead of 'are' to show that the situation is hypothetical or imaginary.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）用於表示對現狀不滿，並渴望一個與事實相反的願望。當表達對「現在」或「未來」事實的相反願望時，從屬子句須使用「假設語氣過去式」（即過去式動詞）。例如，此處使用「were」而非「are」，以強調這是一個虛擬、非真實的想像。
I wish I had a car.
但願我有一輛車。（事實上現在沒有）
EN： In subjunctive mood (hypothetical situations), 'were' is traditionally used for all subjects (I, you, he, she, it, we, they), including singular nouns like 'the holiday' or plural nouns like 'the holidays'. While 'was' is common in informal spoken English for singular subjects, 'were' remains the standard in formal writing and grammatically precise contexts.
中文： 在假設語氣中，不論主詞是單數還是複數，傳統上 be 動詞一律使用「were」。雖然在口語非正式英文中，單數主詞後常會聽到有人用「was」，但在正式寫作與文法嚴謹的語境中，使用「were」仍是標準規範。
I wish he were here with us.
但願他現在和我們在一起。
EN： In Western culture, work-life balance is highly valued, and discussing the desire for longer holidays or vacations is a very common, lighthearted topic of small talk among colleagues and friends, especially right after a holiday ends.
中文： 在西方文化中，人們非常重視工作與生活的平衡（work-life balance）。在假期剛結束、重返工作或學校時，與同事或朋友開玩笑地抱怨「希望假期更長一點」，是非常普遍且能拉近距離的社交閒聊話題。
EN： The Second Conditional is used to talk about hypothetical, unreal, or imaginary situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + Subject + Past Simple (using 'were' for all subjects), Subject + would + base verb'.
中文： 第二類條件句（與現在事實相反的假設）用於描述在現在或未來不可能發生或純屬想像的情況。其結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞（不論主詞人稱，be 動詞一律用 were），主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。
If I were you, I would accept the job offer.
如果我是你，我就會接受那份工作錄取。
EN： The verb 'wish' is used with a past subjunctive clause (here, 'could' + base verb) to express a desire for a situation in the present or future that is contrary to reality or highly unlikely to happen.
中文： 動詞 'wish'（希望/但願）後接過去虛擬語氣子句（此處為 'could' + 原形動詞），用來表示對現在或未來與事實相反、或極不可能實現的願望。
I wish I could fly like a bird.
但願我能像鳥一樣飛翔。
EN： The linking verb 'stay' is followed by an adjective ('young') to describe remaining in a particular state or condition.
中文： 連繫動詞 'stay'（保持）後面接形容詞（'young'），用來描述維持在某種特定的狀態或情況中。
Please stay calm during the meeting.
會議期間請保持冷靜。
EN： The desire to 'stay young forever' is a universal human theme, often found in literature, pop songs (like Alphaville's 'Forever Young'), and folklore (the Fountain of Youth). It reflects a nostalgic appreciation for youth and vitality.
中文： 「永遠年輕」是人類共同的渴望與文學主題，經常出現在流行歌曲（如經典歌曲《Forever Young》）和神話傳說（如青春之泉）中。這反映了人們對青春活力與無憂無慮時光的嚮往與懷念。
EN： The sentence uses an indirect question ('how the world could be better') acting as the noun clause object of the verb 'imagine'. Unlike direct questions, indirect questions follow statement word order (subject + verb) rather than question word order.
中文： 本句使用間接問句（how the world could be better）作為動詞「imagine」的賓語（名詞子句）。與直接問句不同，間接問句必須使用陳述句語序（主詞 + 動詞），而非疑問句語序。
I wonder how we can solve this problem.
我想知道我們該如何解決這個問題。
EN： The modal verb 'could' is used here to express possibility or hypothetical ability in a gentle, reflective tone, rather than past ability.
中文： 情態動詞「could」在此處用於表達可能性或假設性的能力，帶有一種溫和、反思的語氣，而非表示過去的能力。
She wondered how they could help the community.
她想知道他們能如何幫助這個社區。
EN： Second Conditional (Hypothetical Present/Future): Used to talk about imaginary, unlikely, or impossible situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + subject + past simple (were for all subjects), subject + would + base verb'.
中文： 與現在事實相反的假設（第二類條件句）：用於描述在現在或未來想像中、不太可能發生或不可能發生的情況。結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞（不論主詞人稱一律用 were），主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。
If I were you, I would accept the job offer.
如果我是你，我就會接受那份工作錄取。
EN： In English, using 'were' instead of 'was' for the first person singular (I) in conditional sentences is a formal grammatical rule (subjunctive mood). While 'If I was' is increasingly common in casual spoken English, 'If I were' remains the standard for formal writing and professional contexts.
中文： 在英文中，條件句中第一人稱單數（I）使用 'were' 而非 'was' 是一種正式的文法規則（假設語氣）。雖然在日常口語中 'If I was' 越來越常見，但在正式寫作和專業場合中，'If I were' 仍是標準用法。
EN： The verb 'wish' is used with a past subjunctive clause (here, 'could' + base verb) to express a desire for a situation that is different from the current reality or is highly unlikely to happen. It expresses a present regret or an improbable future hope.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）後面接虛擬語氣子句（此處使用「could」+ 原形動詞），用來表示與現狀相反或極不可能實現的願望，傳達出對現狀的遺憾或對未來的奢望。
I wish I could speak French fluently.
但願我能流利地說法語。
EN： The determiner 'every' is used with a singular countable noun ('child') to refer to all members of a group individually. Even though it refers to multiple people, it grammatically takes a singular noun and singular verb agreement.
中文： 限定詞「every」（每個）後面必須接單數可數名詞（如「child」），用來個別指涉群體中的所有成員。雖然概念上指多個人，但在語法上視為單數，須搭配單數名詞與單數動詞。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, discussing social equality and access to education is a common topic of advocacy. The phrase 'go to a good school' often carries a strong connotation of social mobility and equal opportunity for all children, regardless of their background.
中文： 在英語系國家中，討論社會平等與受教權是常見的倡議話題。「go to a good school」（上好的學校）這句話通常帶有強烈的社會流動與機會均等意涵，強調不論背景，每個孩子都應享有優質教育。
EN： The Second Conditional is used to talk about hypothetical, imaginary, or impossible situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + Subject + Past Simple, Subject + would + base verb'. Here, 'had' is the past simple form of 'have', representing an unreal present situation.
中文： 第二類條件句（與現在事實相反的假設）用於描述在現在或未來不可能發生、或純屬想像的假設情境。其結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去簡單動詞，主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。在此句中，「had」是「have」的過去式，表示目前並不擁有這份力量的虛擬狀態。
If I had wings, I would fly to you.
如果我有翅膀，我 就會飛去你那裡。
EN： The modal verb 'would' is used in the main clause of conditional sentences to express the hypothetical result of an unreal condition.
中文： 助動詞「would」在此處用於條件句的主句中，用來表示在假設條件成立之下，所產生的虛擬或想像中的結果。
If she won the lottery, she would travel the world.
如果她中樂透，她就會去環遊世界。
EN： The verb 'wish' is followed by a 'that'-clause containing a past subjunctive verb (e.g., 'were') to express a present regret or a desire for a situation that is different from reality. Even with plural or singular subjects, 'were' is traditionally preferred in formal English.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）後面接「that」引導的子句，子句中的動詞須使用過去式虛擬語氣（例如「were」），用來表示與現在事實相反的願望或遺憾。不論主詞是單數或複數，在正式英文中通常都使用「were」。
I wish I were on a beach right now.
但願我現在正躺在沙灘上。
EN： The reciprocal pronoun 'each other' is used to show that two or more people perform the same action toward one another. It functions as the object of the preposition 'to' in this sentence.
中文： 相互代名詞「each other」（彼此/互相）用於表示兩個或更多人對彼此做出相同的動作。在本句中，它作為介係詞「to」的受格。
EN： The Second Conditional is used to talk about hypothetical, unreal, or imaginary situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + subject + past simple (were for all subjects), subject + would + base verb'.
中文： 第二類條件句（與現在事實相反的假設）用於描述在現在或未來不可能發生或純屬想像的情境。其結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞（不論主詞人稱一律用 were），主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。
If I were you, I would accept the job offer.
如果我是你，我就會接受那份工作錄取通知。
EN： The structure 'the + adjective' can function as a plural noun to refer to a specific group of people in society (e.g., 'the sick' means sick people, 'the rich' means rich people).
中文： 「the + 形容詞」的結構可以當作複數名詞使用，用來指代社會中的特定群體（例如：「the sick」指病人，「the rich」指富人）。
The government should provide more support for the elderly.
政府應該為老年人提供更多支持。
EN： The verb 'wish' is used with a past subjunctive tense (e.g., 'were') to express a desire for a situation in the present or future that is contrary to reality or unlikely to happen. In formal English, 'were' is used for all subjects (including 'our planet', which is singular) instead of 'was'.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）後面接過去虛擬語氣（例如使用「were」），用來表示對現在或未來與事實相反、或難以實現的願望。在正式英文中，不論主詞是單數還是複數（如此處的單數主詞 our planet），be 動詞一律使用「were」而非「was」。
I wish I were on a beach right now.
但願我現在正躺在沙灘上。
EN： Comparative adjectives ('cleaner' and 'safer') are used to compare two states. For short adjectives, we add '-er' to the end. Since 'safe' already ends in 'e', we only add '-r'.
中文： 比較級形容詞（如「cleaner」和「safer」）用於比較兩種狀態。單音節的短形容詞通常在字尾加上「-er」；由於「safe」字尾已是「e」，因此只需加上「-r」即可。
EN： Environmental awareness and sustainability are highly discussed topics globally. Expressing wishes about the planet's well-being reflects a common modern sentiment of eco-anxiety and hope for a better future.
中文： 環境保護與永續發展是全球高度關注的議題。表達對地球環境的期盼，反映了現代人普遍對生態環境的憂慮，以及對更美好未來的憧憬。
EN： Second Conditional (Hypothetical Present/Future): Used to talk about imaginary, unlikely, or impossible situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + past simple, would + base verb'.
中文： 與現在事實相反的假設語氣（第二類條件句）：用於表示與現在或未來事實相反、或極不可能發生的假設情況。結構為「If + 過去簡單式動詞，主詞 + would/could/might + 原形動詞」。
If I had more free time, I would learn how to paint.
如果我有更多空閒時間，我就會去學畫畫。
EN： Adverb Placement with Modal Verbs: The adverb 'surely' is placed between the modal verb 'would' and the main verb 'change' to emphasize the certainty of the hypothetical outcome.
中文： 副詞與情態助動詞的位置：副詞「surely（無疑地、必定）」置於情態助動詞「would」與主要動詞「change」之間，用以加強語氣，強調該假設結果的確定性。
She would definitely agree with your decision.
她肯定會同意你的決定。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express possibility or potential. It indicates that 'small dreams' have the inherent capability of growing under the right conditions.
中文： 情態助動詞「can」在此處用於表示可能性或潛力。它指出在適當的條件下，「微小的夢想」具有成長的內在能力。
Even simple ideas can change the world.
即使是簡單的想法也能改變世界。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'if' introduces a conditional clause (adverbial clause of condition). In this sentence, 'if we truly believe' sets the condition required for the main clause 'Even small dreams can grow' to happen.
中文： 從屬連接詞「if」引導條件從句（條件副詞子句）。在本句中，「if we truly believe（如果我們真心相信）」設定了主句「Even small dreams can grow（即使是微小的夢想也能茁壯成長）」發生所需的條件。
We will succeed if we work together.
如果我們通力合作，我們就會成功。
EN： This sentence uses the Second Conditional (subjunctive mood) to talk about hypothetical, imaginary, or highly unlikely situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + subject + past simple verb, subject + would + base verb'. Note that 'had' is in the past tense to show distance from reality, not past time.
中文： 此句使用「第二類型條件句」（假設語氣），用來表示與現在或未來事實相反、或極不可能發生的假設情況。其結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞，主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。請注意，這裡的 'had' 雖為過去式，但僅用於表示與現實的距離，並非指過去的時間。
If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.
如果我中樂透，我會去環遊世界。
EN： The question structure in the main clause of a conditional sentence places the question word (What) and the auxiliary verb (would) before the subject (you). The 'if-clause' remains in the standard statement word order.
中文： 在條件句的主句中，疑問句的結構會將疑問詞 (What) 和助動詞 (would) 置於主詞 (you) 之前。而 'if' 引導的條件子句則保持一般的陳述句語序。
Where would you live if you could move anywhere?
如果你可以搬到任何地方，你會想住在哪裡？
EN： The concept of 'having one wish' is a common trope in Western folklore and fairy tales (often granted by a genie or a fairy godmother). In conversation, this question is a popular icebreaker used to explore someone's deepest values, dreams, or personality in a playful way.
中文： 「擁有一個願望」的設定在西方民間傳說和童話故事中非常常見（通常由精靈或神仙教母實現）。在日常對話中，這個問題是一個很受歡迎的破冰話題，能以輕鬆有趣的方式了解一個人的核心價值觀、夢想或個性。
EN： This sentence uses the Second Conditional (subjunctive mood) to talk about hypothetical, imaginary, or highly unlikely situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + Subject + Simple Past Verb, Subject + would + Base Verb'.
中文： 此句使用「第二類條件句」（假設語氣），用來表示與現在或未來事實相反、或極不可能發生的假設情況。其結構為「If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞，主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。
If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.
如果我中樂透，我就會去環遊世界。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, the concept of 'making a wish' (e.g., when blowing out birthday candles or seeing a shooting star) is a common and nostalgic theme. When asked 'What would you do if you had one wish?', people often balance personal desires with altruistic ones, such as helping family or achieving world peace.
中文： 在英語系國家中，「許願」（例如吹生日蛋糕蠟燭或看到流星時）是一個非常普遍且溫馨的文化傳統。當被問到「如果你有一個願望，你會做什麼？」時，人們通常會在個人渴望與利他想法（如幫助家人或世界和平）之間取得平衡。
EN： The verb 'wish' is used with a past tense modal verb (like 'could' or 'would') to express a desire for a situation in the present or future that is currently impossible or unlikely to happen. This is a type of subjunctive mood.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）後面接子句時，子句中的助動詞需使用過去式（如 could 或 would），用來表示對現在或未來「與事實相反」或「極難實現」的願望。這是一種虛擬語氣的用法。
I wish I could fly like a bird.
但願我能像鳥一樣飛翔。
EN： The determiner 'every' is used before a singular countable noun ('language') to refer to all members of a group of three or more, considering them individually.
中文： 限定詞「every」（每一個）後面必須接「單數可數名詞」（在此為 language），用來指代某個群體（三個或以上）中的每一個成員，強調個體性但表達全體概念。
Every student in the class passed the exam.
班上的每個學生都通過了考試。
EN： In English-speaking cultures, expressing a wish to speak multiple languages is highly respected, as multilingualism is often seen as a valuable bridge to understanding diverse cultures and global communication.
中文： 在英語系國家中，表達想學習或掌握多種語言的願望是非常受到讚賞的。多語能力（multilingualism）通常被視為理解多元文化與進行全球交流的重要橋樑。
EN： The Second Conditional is used to talk about hypothetical, unreal, or imaginary situations in the present or future. In the 'if' clause, the past subjunctive form 'were' is used for all subjects (including I, he, she, it) to emphasize the impossibility of the condition. The main clause uses 'would' + base verb.
中文： 第二類條件句（與現在事實相反的假設語氣）用於描述在現在或未來不可能發生或純屬想像的情境。在 if 引導的從屬子句中，不論主詞是第幾人稱，Be 動詞一律使用過去式虛擬語氣 'were'，以強調其非真實性；主要子句則使用「would + 原形動詞」。
If I were rich, I would travel around the world.
如果我有錢，我 就會環遊世界。
EN： The phrase 'follow one's heart' is an idiomatic expression meaning to act according to one's feelings, desires, or intuition, rather than relying solely on logical reasoning.
中文： 片語 'follow one's heart' 是一個慣用語，意思是「聽從某人的心聲」或「隨心所欲」，指依據自己的直覺、情感或渴望來做決定，而非僅憑理性邏輯。
You should stop worrying about what others think and follow your heart.
你應該停止擔心別人的看法，聽從你內心的聲音。
EN： In Western culture, 'following your heart' is highly valued as it emphasizes individual happiness, personal passion, and self-actualization over social expectations or purely logical, financial choices.
中文： 在西方文化中，「聽從內心的聲音（follow your heart）」被視為一種非常崇高的價值觀。它強調個人幸福、熱情與自我實現，往往鼓勵人們在面對社會期望或純粹的理性、經濟考量時，勇敢選擇自己真正熱愛的事物。
EN： The verb 'wish' is used with a past tense verb (subjunctive mood) to express a desire for a situation in the present or future that is contrary to reality or unlikely to happen.
中文： 動詞「wish」後面接過去式動詞（虛擬語氣），用來表示對現在或未來與事實相反、或實現機率極低的願望。
I wish I had a car.
我希望我有一台車（但實際上沒有）。
EN： The noun clause 'the school had a music studio' acts as the direct object of the verb 'wish'. The conjunction 'that' is omitted here, which is very common in informal spoken English.
中文： 名詞子句「the school had a music studio」作為動詞「wish」的直接受詞。此處省略了連接詞「that」，這在口語中非常常見。
EN： In many English-speaking countries, school music programs and dedicated music studios (with instruments, recording gear, etc.) are highly valued as part of a holistic education, though budget constraints often make them a 'wish' rather than a reality for every school.
中文： 在許多英語系國家，學校的音樂課程與專屬音樂教室（配有樂器、錄音設備等）被視為全人教育中非常重要的一環。然而，由於預算限制，這對許多學校來說往往只是一個「願望」而非現實。
EN： Second Conditional (Hypothetical Present/Future): Used to talk about imaginary, unlikely, or impossible situations in the present or future. The structure is 'If + past simple, would + base verb'.
中文： 與現在事實相反的假設語氣（第二類條件句）：用於表示與現在或未來事實相反、或幾乎不可能發生的假設情況。結構為「If + 過去式動詞，would + 原形動詞」。
If I had more money, I would buy a new car.
如果我更有錢，我就會買一台新車。
EN： Uncountable Noun 'Courage': 'Courage' is an uncountable noun, meaning it cannot be pluralized and does not take the indefinite article 'a'. We use quantifiers like 'more' or 'some' with it.
中文： 不可數名詞「Courage」（勇氣）：'Courage' 是一個不可數名詞，這意味著它不能變複數，也不能與不定冠詞「a」連用。我們通常使用「more」（更多）或「some」（一些）等數量詞來修飾它。
It takes a lot of courage to speak in public.
在公開場合說話需要很大的勇氣。
EN： The verb 'wish' is followed by a clause in the past subjunctive (simple past tense) to express a present regret or a desire for a situation that is contrary to current reality.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）後面接子句時，須使用過去虛擬語氣（即動詞用過去式），用來表示對現狀的遺憾，或渴望一個與現在事實相反的情況。
I wish I had a car to drive to work.
但願我有一輛車可以開去上班。
EN： The structure 'question word + to-infinitive' (how to fix) functions as a noun phrase, acting as the direct object of the verb 'know'. It means 'the way or method to do something'.
中文： 「疑問詞 + 不定詞」（如 how to fix）結構在句中具有名詞功能，作為動詞「know」的直接受詞，表示「做某事的方法或途徑」。
She doesn't know where to go.
她不知道該去哪裡。
EN： The Second Conditional is used to talk about hypothetical, unreal, or imaginary situations in the present or future. The structure is: 'If + subject + past simple verb (were for all subjects), subject + would + base verb'.
中文： 與現在事實相反的假設語氣（第二類條件句），用於表示與現在事實不符或不可能發生的假設。結構為：「If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞（不論主詞人稱，be動詞一律用were），主詞 + would + 原形動詞」。
If I had a car, I would drive to work.
如果我有車，我就會開車去上班。
EN： The adverb 'better' is the comparative form of 'well'. It is used here to modify the verb phrase 'play basketball', indicating a higher level of ability compared to the present reality.
中文： 副詞「better」是「well」（好地）的比較級，在此處用來修飾動詞片語「play basketball」，表示與現狀相比，能將籃球打得「更好」。
She speaks English better than before.
她英語說得比以前更好了。
EN： The verb 'wish' is used with a past subjunctive clause (here, 'could' + base verb) to express a desire for a situation that is impossible or unlikely to happen in the present or future, or to express a strong, nostalgic hope.
中文： 動詞「wish」（希望/但願）後方接過去式虛擬語氣子句（此處為「could」+ 原形動詞），用來表示對現在或未來難以實現或不可能實現的願望，或表達強烈且帶有感性色彩的期盼。
I wish I could fly like a bird.
但願我能像鳥一樣飛翔。
EN： The adverb 'forever' is used as an adverbial modifier of time, typically placed at the end of the clause to emphasize the permanent duration of the action.
中文： 副詞「forever」（永遠）用作時間狀語（修飾語），通常置於子句末尾，以強調該動作持續的永久性。
EN： This sentence uses the First Conditional (If + present simple, will + base verb) to talk about a real and possible future situation. The 'if-clause' presents the condition, and the main clause presents the likely result.
中文： 本句使用「第一類條件句」（If + 現在簡單式，will + 原形動詞），用來描述在未來極有可能發生的真實情況。其中 if 引導的子句表示條件，主要子句則表示可能發生的結果。
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
如果你努力讀書，你就會通過考試。
EN： The adverb 'never' is a frequency adverb used before the main verb 'feel' to indicate that the action or state of feeling lost will not happen at any time.
中文： 頻率副詞「never」（從不、絕不）置於主要動詞「feel」之前，用來修飾該動詞，表示「感到迷失」這種狀態在任何時候都不會發生。
She will never give up on her dream.
她絕不會放棄她的夢想。
EN： In Western culture, 'dreams' often refer to personal aspirations, goals, and hope for the future. Keeping one's dreams alive is a common theme in literature and motivational speeches, emphasizing resilience and self-belief.
中文： 在西方文化中，「dreams」（夢想）通常指個人的抱負、目標和對未來的希望。「保有夢想」是文學和勵志演講中常見的主題，強調堅持不懈與自我信念的重要性。
重要單字附有 IPA 發音、定義、例句和互動式測驗。
在本文中： 比賽、競賽
在本文中： 保護、防護
在本文中： 勇氣、膽量
在本文中： 想像、設想
在本文中： 改進、進步
在本文中： 無疑地、確實地
在本文中： 相信、信任
在本文中： 工作室、錄音室
片語包含類型標示、雙語定義、用法說明和例句。
To do what you believe is right or what you truly want to do, rather than what is logical or expected.
聽從你的內心；隨心所欲
Performing or appearing in front of an audience on a platform.
在舞台上
Without charge; costing nothing.
免費地