EN： The Present Perfect tense ('has disclosed') is used here to report a recent event that has current relevance or provides new information, a common feature in news reporting.
中文： 现在完成时（has disclosed）在此用于报道最近发生且具有当前关联性或提供新信息的事件，这是新闻报道中的常见特征。
The tech giant has announced a major restructuring of its executive board.
这家科技巨头已宣布对其执行董事会进行重大重组。
EN： The past participle phrase 'valued at...' and 'scheduled for...' act as reduced relative clauses (which is valued at... / which is scheduled for...), providing concise descriptive information about the 'plans'.
中文： 过去分词短语“valued at...”和“scheduled for...”充当简化的定语从句（即 which is valued at... / which is scheduled for...），为“plans”提供简洁的描述性信息。
The project, completed ahead of schedule, saved the company millions.
该项目提前完成，为公司节省了数百万美元。
EN： The term 'flotation' is a formal business term primarily used in British English to describe the process of a company offering its shares on the stock market for the first time (IPO).
中文： “flotation”是一个正式的商务术语，主要用于英式英语，描述公司首次在股票市场发行股票的过程（即首次公开募股，IPO）。
The company's flotation on the London Stock Exchange was highly successful.
该公司在伦敦证券交易所的上市非常成功。
EN： The valuation of $1.75 trillion mentioned in this context is exceptionally high, positioning SpaceX among the most valuable companies globally, even exceeding the market cap of many established tech giants. This reflects the immense investor interest in private space exploration and satellite internet (Starlink).
中文： 文中所提到的 1.75 兆美元估值極高，使 SpaceX 位列全球最有價值的公司之一，甚至超過了許多老牌科技巨頭的市值。這反映了投資者對私人太空探索和衛星網路（星鏈）的巨大興趣。
EN： Non-restrictive relative clauses: The phrase starting with 'which' provides additional information about 'the prospectus' but is not essential to identify it. It is separated by commas.
中文： 非限制性定语从句：以 'which' 开头的短语提供了关于 'the prospectus'（招股说明书）的补充信息，但并非识别该名词所必需，通常用逗号隔开。
The report, which was published yesterday, highlights the risks of the investment.
这份于昨天发布的报告强调了该投资的风险。
EN： The use of 'while' + present participle (-ing): This structure indicates two actions happening simultaneously by the same subject, often implying a balance or a challenge between the two.
中文： 使用 'while' 接现在分词 (-ing)：此结构表示同一主体同时进行的两个动作，通常隐含两者之间的平衡或挑战。
She managed to lead the company while maintaining a healthy work-life balance.
她在领导公司的同时，还能维持健康的工作与生活平衡。
EN： Gerund phrases as objects of prepositions: In 'vision of making...', the gerund 'making' follows the preposition 'of' to describe the content of the vision.
中文： 动名词短语作为介词宾语：在 'vision of making...' 中，动名词 'making' 接在介词 'of' 之后，用以描述该愿景的具体内容。
He has the goal of expanding the business into Asia.
他的目标是将业务扩展到亚洲。
EN： The term 'multiplanetary' is closely associated with Elon Musk's long-term goal for SpaceX, specifically the colonization of Mars. In a business context, 'sprawling corporate empire' reflects the complex and interconnected nature of his various ventures like Tesla, SpaceX, and X (formerly Twitter).
中文： 「multiplanetary」（跨行星）一詞與埃隆·馬斯克對 SpaceX 的長期目標（特別是火星殖民）密切相關。在商業語境中，「sprawling corporate empire」（龐大的商業帝國）反映了他旗下各個企業（如 Tesla、SpaceX 和 X，即前 Twitter）之間複雜且相互關聯的特性。
EN： The sentence uses an inverted conditional structure ('Should the flotation proceed...') to replace 'If the flotation should proceed...'. This is a formal way to express a hypothetical situation in the future, often used in business or legal contexts to sound more professional and cautious.
中文： 本句使用了倒装条件句结构（Should the flotation proceed...）来取代“If the flotation should proceed...”。这是一种正式表达未来假设情况的方式，常用于商务或法律语境中，使语气显得更专业且谨慎。
Should you require further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact our support team.
若您需要进一步的协助，请随时联系我们的支持团队。
EN： The second conditional 'it would represent' is used here to describe the hypothetical result of the condition. Even though 'should' is used in the first clause, 'would' maintains the formal, speculative tone regarding the significance of the event.
中文： 此处使用第二类条件句的“it would represent”来描述该假设情况的结果。尽管前句使用了“should”，“would”仍维持了对于该事件重要性的正式且推测性的语气。
If the merger were successful, it would create the largest tech firm in the region.
如果这次合并成功，它将创造该地区最大的科技公司。
EN： The phrase 'one of the most + superlative adjective + plural noun' is a standard structure used to categorize something within a top-tier group. Note that the noun following 'one of the' must always be plural ('offerings').
中文： 短语“one of the most + 最高级形容词 + 复数名词”是用于将某物归类于顶尖群体的标准结构。请注意，“one of the”后面的名词必须始终使用复数形式（如本句中的 offerings）。
This is considered one of the most ambitious projects in the history of SpaceX.
这被认为是 SpaceX 历史上最宏大的项目之一。
EN： In financial journalism, 'flotation' (common in British English) or 'IPO' (Initial Public Offering) refers to the process of a private company selling shares to the public for the first time. The mention of a $1.75 trillion valuation for SpaceX highlights its unprecedented scale, as few companies in history have reached such a valuation even after decades of being public.
中文： 在財經新聞中，「flotation」（英式英語常用）或「IPO」（首次公開募股）是指私營公司首次向公眾出售股份的過程。文中提到 SpaceX 高達 1.75 兆美元的估值突顯了其前所未有的規模，因為歷史上很少有公司在上市數十年後能達到如此高的估值。
EN： The present participle phrase 'marking...' acts as a resultative modifier, indicating a consequence or a further detail of the main clause's action. This is a common feature of formal journalistic writing to condense information.
中文： 现在分词短语“marking...”在此作为结果状语，表示主句动作所产生的结果或进一步的细节。这是正式新闻写作中常见的手法，用于精简信息。
The company slashed prices, leading to a surge in sales.
该公司大幅降价，导致销量激增。
EN： The preposition 'over' is used here to indicate a comparison with a previous period, functioning similarly to 'compared to' or 'more than'.
中文： 介词“over”在此用于表示与前一时期的比较，功能类似于“compared to”或“more than”。
The firm saw a 20% increase in profits over the last quarter.
该公司利润较上一季度增长了20%。
EN： The term 'preceding' is a formal adjective meaning 'coming before in time or order'. In business contexts, 'the preceding year' is preferred over 'the year before' for its professional register.
中文： “preceding”是一个正式形容词，意为“在时间或顺序上先前的”。在商务语境中，“the preceding year”因其专业语气而优于“the year before”。
All data from the preceding decade were analyzed.
过去十年的所有数据都经过了分析。
EN： In financial reporting, the term 'conglomerate' refers to a multi-industry company, such as SpaceX which spans aerospace, telecommunications (Starlink), and AI. The use of 'billion' in English refers to 1,000,000,000 (10^9), which is translated as '十億' in Traditional Chinese.
中文： 在財經報告中，「conglomerate」（企業集團）指跨足多個產業的公司，例如 SpaceX 橫跨航太、電信（星鏈）和人工智慧領域。英文中的「billion」指 10 億（10^9），在繁體中文中對應為「十億」。
EN： The use of the present participle phrase 'having recorded' functions as an adverbial clause of result or circumstance, indicating an action that occurred prior to or leading up to the state described in the main clause.
中文： 使用现在分词短语“having recorded”作为状语从句，表示结果或情况，说明在主句所述状态之前或导致该状态发生的动作（完成式分词强调动作的完成）。
The company expanded its operations, having secured additional funding from venture capitalists.
该公司在获得风险投资人的追加资金后，扩大了业务规模。
EN： 'Remains' is a linking verb used here to describe a continuing state. It is followed by the adjective 'loss-making' to characterize the subject 'the business'.
中文： “Remains”在此作为系动词，用于描述持续的状态。其后接形容词“loss-making”（亏损的）来描述主语“the business”的特征。
Despite the new policy, the underlying problem remains unresolved.
尽管有了新政策，根本问题仍然没有得到解决。
EN： 'Nevertheless' is a conjunctive adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with what has just been said. It is more formal than 'however' or 'but'.
中文： “Nevertheless”是一个连接副词，用于引出与前文形成对比的陈述。它比“however”或“but”更为正式。
The project was plagued by delays; nevertheless, it was completed on budget.
该项目受到延误的困扰；尽管如此，它还是在预算内完成了。
EN： In financial reporting, it is common to contrast high revenue growth with persistent net losses, especially in high-tech or capital-intensive industries like aerospace. The term 'loss-making' is a standard business descriptor for companies that have not yet reached profitability.
中文： 在財經報導中，將高營收增長與持續淨虧損進行對比是很常見的，特別是在航太等高科技或資本密集型產業。 「loss-making」是描述尚未實現盈利公司的標準商業用語。
EN： This sentence uses an inverted structure (Complement + Verb + Subject) for emphasis. 'Particularly striking' is the subject complement moved to the front to highlight the intensity of the observation, while 'the deterioration...' is the actual grammatical subject.
中文： 本句使用了倒装结构（补语 + 动词 + 主语）以示强调。“Particularly striking”（特别引人注目）是移至句首的表语，用以突显观察到的强度，而“the deterioration...”（恶化）才是真正的语法主语。
Equally impressive was the team's ability to recover from the setback.
同样令人印象深刻的是该团队从挫折中恢复的能力。
EN： The relative adverb 'when' introduces a non-restrictive relative clause, providing additional information about the specific time period (the first quarter of this year).
中文： 关系副词“when”引导一个非限制性定语从句，为特定的时间段（今年第一季度）提供额外的补充信息。
The company went public in 2010, when the market was at its peak.
该公司于2010年上市，当时市场正处于巅峰时期。
EN： The phrase 'compared with' is used here as a participle phrase to establish a contrast between two data points. 'Merely' is an adverb used to emphasize how small the second figure is in comparison to the first.
中文： 短语“compared with”在此作为分词短语，用于建立两个数据点之间的对比。“Merely”（仅仅）是一个副词，用来强调第二个数字与第一个数字相比是多么微小。
The new model costs $1,000, compared with only $600 for the previous version.
新模型售价1,000美元，而旧版本仅需600美元。
EN： In financial reporting, the use of 'merely' and 'surged' reflects a narrative stance. While the data is objective, the choice of words highlights the severity of the financial downturn, which is a common style in high-level business journalism (like the Financial Times or The Economist) to guide investor sentiment.
中文： 在財經新聞報導中，「merely」（僅僅）和「surged」（飆升）的使用反映了敘事立場。雖然數據是客觀的，但詞彙的選擇突顯了財務下滑的嚴重性。這是高階商業新聞（如《金融時報》或《經濟學人》）中常見的風格，旨在引導投資者的情緒與判斷。
EN： The present perfect tense ('have cautioned') is used here to indicate a recent action that has ongoing relevance to the current situation, a common feature in news reporting to bridge past events with present implications.
中文： 现在完成时（have cautioned）在此用于表示最近发生的动作，且该动作与当前情况具有持续的关联性。这是新闻报道中的常见特征，旨在将过去的事件与现状的影响联系起来。
Economists have warned that inflation might persist through the end of the year.
经济学家警告说，通货膨胀可能会持续到年底。
EN： The modal verb 'could' expresses a strong possibility or potential consequence in the future. In formal business contexts, it is preferred over 'can' to sound more speculative and cautious.
中文： 情态动词“could”表达了未来强烈的可能性或潜在后果。在正式商务语境中，它比“can”更受青睐，因为它听起来更具推测性且更为谨慎。
The new regulations could affect the company's profit margins.
新法规可能会影响公司的利润率。
EN： The present participle 'widening' acts as an adjective modifying 'deficits'. It describes a continuous process of change, emphasizing that the gap is still growing.
中文： 现在分词“widening”作为形容词修饰“deficits”（赤字）。它描述了一个持续变化的过程，强调差距仍在不断扩大。
The widening gap between the rich and the poor is a global concern.
贫富之间不断扩大的差距是一个全球性的关注点。
EN： In financial English, 'flotation' (common in British English) or 'IPO' (Initial Public Offering) refers to the process of a private company offering shares to the public for the first time. The term 'undermine' is a powerful verb often used in business to describe the gradual weakening of something abstract like 'trust', 'authority', or 'confidence'.
中文： 在財經英語中，「flotation」（常見於英式英語）或「IPO」（首次公開募股）是指私營公司首次向公眾發行股票的過程。動詞「undermine」是一個強而有力的詞彙，在商業語境中常用於描述逐漸削弱抽象事物，如「信任」、「權威」或「信心」。
EN： The Oxford Comma (Serial Comma) is used before the coordinating conjunction (and) in a list of three or more items. In formal business and technical writing, it ensures clarity and prevents ambiguity between the final two items.
中文： 牛津逗号（序列逗号）用于包含三个或更多项目的列表中的并列连词（and）之前。在正式的商务和技术写作中，它能确保清晰度，防止最后两个项目之间产生歧义。
The company specializes in robotics, automation, and machine learning.
该公司专攻机器人技术、自动化和机器学习。
EN： Parallel Structure in Noun Phrases: When listing categories or business sectors, it is essential to maintain grammatical consistency. Here, 'space' (noun), 'connectivity' (noun), and 'artificial intelligence' (noun phrase) all function as parallel thematic pillars.
中文： 名词短语中的平行结构：在列举类别或业务部门时，保持语法一致性至关重要。在这里，“space”（名词）、“connectivity”（名词）和“artificial intelligence”（名词短语）皆作为平行的主题支柱。
EN： This sentence summarizes the three pillars of Elon Musk's modern industrial strategy. 'Space' refers to SpaceX, 'connectivity' refers to the Starlink satellite network, and 'artificial intelligence' refers to xAI and the integration of AI into his other platforms.
中文： 這句話總結了埃隆·馬斯克現代工業戰略的三大支柱。「太空」指 SpaceX，「通訊」指星鏈衛星網路，而「人工智慧」則指 xAI 以及將 AI 整合到他的其他平台中。
EN： Non-restrictive relative clauses use 'which' to provide extra information about a noun that is already clearly identified. It is separated by commas and cannot be replaced by 'that'.
中文： 非限制性定语从句使用 'which' 来为已经明确指定的名词提供额外信息。此用法必须使用逗号隔开，且不能用 'that' 替换。
The new headquarters, which cost $500 million to build, will open next year.
新总部（耗资5亿美元建造）将于明年启用。
EN： The verb 'house' is used metaphorically in business contexts to mean that a specific department or company is part of a larger organization or structure.
中文： 动词 'house' 在商务语境中常被隐喻地使用，意指某个特定部门或公司被纳入一个更大的组织或架构之中。
The research wing houses the company's most advanced laboratory equipment.
该研究部门配置了公司最先进的实验设备。
EN： The preposition 'at' is used to specify a precise numerical value, especially when reporting financial figures or statistics.
中文： 介词 'at' 用于指定精确的数值，特别是在报告财务数据或统计数据时。
The company's valuation was pegged at $50 billion after the latest funding round.
在最新一轮融资后，该公司的估值被定在500亿美元。
EN： In financial reporting, 'connectivity' often refers to telecommunications and internet services. The mention of Starlink highlights the shift in the space industry from pure exploration to providing global infrastructure, reflecting the commercialization of low-Earth orbit.
中文： 在財經報告中，「connectivity」（通訊/連線性）通常指電信與網路服務。文中提到星鏈（Starlink）凸顯了航太產業從純粹的探索轉向提供全球基礎設施的轉變，反映了近地軌道的商業化趨勢。
EN： The use of em-dashes (—) to create parenthetical information. This provides additional detail or clarification about the preceding noun phrase without using a relative clause.
中文： 使用破折号（—）来插入补充说明。这能为前面的名词短语提供额外的细节或澄清，而无需使用定语从句，使句子结构更具层次感。
The new policy—implemented last month—has already improved efficiency.
这项新政策——于上个月实施——已经提高了效率。
EN： The past participle phrase 'driven largely by...' functions as an adjective modifying 'losses'. It explains the cause or origin of the losses.
中文： 过去分词短语“driven largely by...”作为形容词修饰“losses”（损失）。它解释了损失的原因或来源，是一种精简的被动语态表达方式。
The company's success was driven by innovative marketing strategies.
该公司的成功是由创新的营销策略所推动的。
EN： The phrase 'formerly known as' is a standard formal expression used to refer to a previous name of an entity.
中文： 短语“formerly known as”（以前称为）是一个标准的正式表达方式，用于提及某个实体之前的名称。
Ho Chi Minh City, formerly known as Saigon, is the largest city in Vietnam.
胡志明市，以前称为西贡，是越南最大的城市。
EN： The mention of 'the social media platform formerly known as Twitter' refers to Elon Musk's rebranding of Twitter to 'X' in 2023. This phrasing is common in journalism to ensure clarity during the transition period of a major brand name change.
中文： 提到「以前稱為 Twitter 的社交媒體平台」是指埃隆·馬斯克在 2023 年將 Twitter 改名為「X」。這種寫法在新聞報導中很常見，目的是在重大品牌更名過渡期間確保讀者能清楚理解所指的對象。
EN： The preposition 'with' is used here to introduce an absolute construction (with + noun + -ing/phrase), providing supplementary information or describing a concurrent circumstance that adds detail to the main clause.
中文： 介词“with”在此处用于引导独立主格结构（with + 名词 + 分词/短语），提供补充信息或描述与主句同时发生的情况，为句子增加细节。
The company expanded rapidly, with international sales accounting for half of its revenue.
该公司扩张迅速，其中国际销售额占其营收的一半。
EN： The phrasal verb 'account for' means to form a particular amount or part of something, often used in financial or statistical contexts to explain the composition of a total.
中文： 短语动词“account for”意为“占（一定比例或数量）”，常用于财务或统计背景，用来解释总额的组成部分。
Renewable energy now accounts for 30% of the country's electricity production.
可再生能源目前占该国电力生产的30%。
EN： The preposition 'across' is used to indicate that something is happening throughout or in every part of a particular area, organization, or group.
中文： 介词“across”用于表示某事发生在特定区域、组织或群体的各个部分或整个范围内。
The CEO implemented new safety protocols across all departments.
首席执行官在所有部门实施了新的安全协议。
EN： The term 'conglomerate' refers to a multi-industry company, often resulting from mergers and acquisitions. In the context of Elon Musk, it highlights the complexity of his business interests, which range from aerospace (SpaceX) to social media (Twitter) and AI (xAI).
中文： 「conglomerate」（企業集團）是指跨足多個產業的大型公司，通常透過併購形成。在埃隆·馬斯克的語境下，這凸顯了他商業版圖的複雜性，涵蓋了從航太（SpaceX）到社群媒體（Twitter）以及人工智慧（xAI）等多個領域。
EN： The correlative conjunction 'not merely... but (also)...' is used to emphasize that the second part of the statement is even more important or significant than the first. It is a more formal and sophisticated alternative to 'not only... but also'.
中文： 关联连词“not merely... but (also)...”用于强调陈述的第二部分比第一部分更重要或更具意义。这是“not only... but also”更正式且更高级的替代用法。
The project was not merely a financial success but a breakthrough in sustainable technology.
该项目不仅仅是财务上的成功，更是可持续技术领域的一项突破。
EN： The word 'vehicle' is used here metaphorically to mean a medium or means through which something is achieved or expressed, rather than a physical mode of transport.
中文： “vehicle”一词在此处为隐喻用法，意指达成或表达某事物的“媒介”或“手段”，而非指物理上的交通工具。
Art can be a powerful vehicle for social change.
艺术可以成为推动社会变革的强大媒介。
EN： The verb 'envision' implies imagining a future possibility or visualizing something that does not yet exist, often used in professional or visionary contexts.
中文： 动词“envision”意指想象未来的可能性或构想尚不存在的事物，常用于专业或具有远见的语境中。
The architect envisions a city powered entirely by renewable energy.
建筑师构想了一座完全由可再生能源驱动的城市。
EN： The sentence reflects the dual nature of Elon Musk's public persona: a hard-nosed businessman (profitable enterprise) and a futuristic visionary (Mars colonization). In Silicon Valley culture, this 'visionary' approach often justifies massive short-term losses for the sake of long-term human advancement.
中文： 這句話反映了埃隆·馬斯克公眾形象的雙重性：精明的商人（營利企業）與未來主義的遠見者（火星殖民）。在矽谷文化中，這種「遠見卓識」的方法通常被用來證明為了人類長期進步而產生的巨大短期虧損是合理的。
EN： The sentence uses an inverted conditional structure ('Were investors to...') which is a formal alternative to 'If investors were to...'. This is a second conditional form used to discuss hypothetical or unlikely future scenarios.
中文： 本句使用了倒装条件句结构（Were investors to...），这是“If investors were to...”的正式替代用法。这属于第二类条件句，用于讨论假设性或不太可能发生的未来情况。
Were the CEO to resign tomorrow, the company's stock would likely plummet.
倘若首席执行官明天辞职，公司的股价可能会大幅下跌。
EN： The phrase 'necessary to transform' uses an adjective followed by an infinitive to define the purpose or requirement of the 'resources'.
中文： 短语“necessary to transform”使用形容词后接不定式，用来定义“资源（resources）”的目的或必要条件。
She has the skills necessary to lead this project.
她具备领导这个项目所需的技能。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'from... into...' is used here to describe a complete transformation or conversion from one state to another.
中文： 介词短语“from... into...”在此用于描述从一种状态到另一种状态的彻底转变或转换。
The caterpillar transformed from a larva into a beautiful butterfly.
毛毛虫从幼虫变成了美丽的蝴蝶。
EN： The sentence reflects the high-stakes, visionary nature of Silicon Valley's 'deep tech' sector, where long-term goals like Mars colonization are often prioritized over immediate profitability. The term 'commercial reality' highlights the transition of space exploration from government-funded projects (like NASA) to private sector business models.
中文： 這句話反映了矽谷「深科技」領域高風險、遠見卓識的特點，在該領域，像火星殖民這樣的長期目標往往優先於即時盈利。「商業現實（commercial reality）」一詞強調了太空探索正從政府資助項目（如 NASA）轉向私營部門商業模式的轉變。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express theoretical possibility or potentiality in a rhetorical question, often used in formal writing to introduce a central debate.
中文： 情态动词“can”在此处用于表达理论上的可能性或潜在性，常用于正式写作中的修辞问句，借此引出核心辩题。
Can traditional values survive in a rapidly modernizing society?
传统价值观能否在快速现代化的社会中生存？
EN： Compound subjects joined by 'and' (visionary ambition and financial sustainability) take a plural verb form. In this sentence, the verb 'coexist' is in its base form following the modal 'can'.
中文： 由“and”连接的复合主语（远大的抱负与财务的可持续性）需使用复数动词形式。在本句中，动词“coexist”位于情态动词“can”之后，故使用原形动词。
Innovation and regulation often clash in the tech industry.
创新与监管在科技产业中经常发生冲突。
EN： The preposition 'within' is used to indicate that something is inside the limits or boundaries of an abstract or physical entity, such as a 'corporate structure'.
中文： 介词“within”用于表示某物处于抽象或实体对象（如“公司架构”）的范围或边界之内。
Change must come from within the organization.
变革必须从组织内部开始。
EN： This sentence reflects a classic tension in Silicon Valley culture: the conflict between 'visionary' goals (like Mars colonization) and the 'sustainability' required by traditional financial markets. It questions whether the 'Musk model' of high-burn, high-reward investment is compatible with public stock market expectations.
中文： 這句話反映了矽谷文化中一種經典的緊張關係：即「遠大願景」（如火星殖民）與傳統金融市場所要求的「可持續性」之間的衝突。它質疑馬斯克那種高燃燒率、高回報的投資模式，是否能與公開股票市場的預期相容。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 公司股票首次公开发行（IPO），即公司在证券交易所上市的过程。
在本文中： 招股说明书；内容包含公司财务状况及未来计划的法律文件，供投资者参考。
在本文中： 大胆的、敢于冒险的，通常指不畏艰难或不按常理出牌的计划。
在本文中： 企业集团；由多个经营不同业务的子公司组成的大型企业。
在本文中： 总计的、合计的；将多个部分加总在一起的结果。
在本文中： 恶化、退化；指情况变得比以前更糟的过程。
在本文中： 削弱、损害；暗中破坏（信心、权威或基础）。
在本文中： 令人震惊的、惊人的；通常指数量或程度大到难以置信。
在本文中： 支出、花费；尤指企业或政府的大宗开支。
在本文中： 殖民化；在新的地方（如外星球）建立居住地并进行开发。
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
The act of offering shares of a company to the public for the first time.
公开发行
Not making a profit; losing money.
亏损的
Money spent by a business or organization on acquiring or maintaining fixed assets, such as land, buildings, and equipment.
资本支出
Fiction based on imagined future scientific or technological advances.
科学幻想（科幻）