EN： The present perfect tense ('has released') is formed with 'have/has + past participle'. In news and announcements, it is commonly used to report recent events or achievements that have current relevance.
中文： 现在完成时（has released）由“have/has + 过去分词”构成。在新闻报道与公开公告中，常用来陈述刚发生且对当下具有关联性的重大事件或新成就。
The company has launched a new smartphone this morning.
该公司今天早上推出了一款新智能手机。
EN： An appositive noun phrase ('the Mac mini') is placed immediately after another noun phrase ('its smallest desktop computer') to rename or provide clarifying detail about it, typically set off by a comma.
中文： 同位语名词短语（the Mac mini）紧接在另一个名词短语（its smallest desktop computer）之后，用逗号隔开，用来补充说明或重新指明该对象的具体身份。
We visited Tokyo, the capital of Japan.
我们访问了日本的首都东京。
EN： The Mac mini, first introduced by Apple in 2005, is distinct within the Mac lineup as a 'BYODKM' (Bring Your Own Display, Keyboard, and Mouse) compact desktop, making it Apple's entry-level macOS desktop product.
中文： Mac mini 于 2005 年由苹果首次发表，在 Mac 产品线中以「BYODKM」（自备屏幕、键盘与鼠标）的迷你主机著称，一直是体验 macOS 最亲民的桌上型入门机种。
EN： Non-defining relative clause with 'which': introduced after a comma to provide extra, non-essential information about the preceding noun phrase ('Apple's latest M6 processor chip').
中文： 非限定关系从句（Non-defining relative clause）：逗号后以关系代词 'which' 引导，用来补充说明前面的名词短语（'Apple's latest M6 processor chip'），提供额外但非必要的补充信息。
The laptop features an OLED screen, which provides vibrant colors.
这台笔记本电脑配备 OLED 屏幕，能呈现鲜艳生动的色彩。
EN： Correlative conjunction 'both... and...': connects two parallel grammatical structures (here, the noun phrases 'everyday tasks' and 'professional work') to emphasize that two conditions apply equally.
中文： 对等连接词「both... and...」（两者皆... / 既...又...）：连接两个结构对等的成分（此处为名词短语 'everyday tasks' 和 'professional work'），用以强调两者兼具。
This software is suitable for both beginners and experienced designers.
这款软件既适合初学者，也适合经验丰富的设计师。
EN： In consumer tech reporting, 'everyday tasks' typically refers to web browsing, document editing, and media consumption, while 'professional work' implies resource-intensive activities such as 4K/8K video editing, 3D rendering, and software compilation.
中文： 在科技产品评测与新闻中，「everyday tasks」（日常任务）通常指网页浏览、文书处理与影音串流播放；而「professional work」（专业工作）则代表高负载任务，例如 4K/8K 影片剪辑、3D 渲染与软体编译等专业创作用途。
EN： The present perfect tense ('has increased') is used here to describe an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past and has a clear result or relevance to the present moment.
中文： 现在完成式（has increased）在此处用于描述过去发生、但对当前情况具有明确影响或关联的动作（价格已经上调并维持现状）。
The company has updated its refund policy this year.
该公司今年已更新了其退款政策。
EN： 'Compared to' is a participial phrase used to draw a contrast or comparison between two things (here, the new price versus the previous model).
中文： 「compared to」为分词短语，意为「与……相比」，用于在两者之间进行对比或比较（此处为新定价与前一代机型的对比）。
Sales grew by 15% compared to the previous quarter.
与上一季度相比，销售额增长了 15%。
EN： In consumer tech reporting, 'price point' is frequently preferred over simply 'price' when discussing market positioning or tiering within a product lineup.
中文： 在科技产品报道中，谈论产品在市场中的定位或价格区间时，通常偏好使用「price point」（价格点/定价定位）而非单纯的「price」。
EN： Non-restrictive relative clause: The clause ', which is 300 pounds more...' provides extra, non-essential information about the preceding clause or noun phrase ('899 pounds'). It is separated by a comma and introduced by 'which'.
中文： 非限定关系子句：子句「, which is 300 pounds more...」针对先行词（899英镑）提供额外的补充信息。前面必须使用逗号隔开，并使用关系代名词「which」引导。
He bought a new phone for 600 dollars, which was much cheaper than expected.
他花了600美元买了一部新手机，这比预期的要便宜得多呀。
EN： Comparative quantifier structure: '[amount] more than [noun]' expresses the exact numerical difference between two compared items.
中文： 数量比较结构：「[数量] more than [名词]」用来精确表达两者比较时多出的差额或数量呀。
This laptop is 200 dollars more than the older model.
这台笔记本电脑比旧款贵了200美元呀。
EN： Prices in the UK are quoted in 'pounds' (GBP) and typically include VAT (value-added tax) by law, unlike in the US where sales tax is added at checkout. This makes UK consumer tech prices appear significantly higher at first glance.
中文： 英国的商品价格以「英镑」（GBP）标注，且依规定标价通常已包含增值税（VAT），这与美国在结账时才外加消费税的习惯不同，因此英国的科技产品标价表面上看起来往往会高出许多。
EN： The passive voice in past tense ('was/were + past participle') is used here with 'by' to focus on the result (this increase) rather than the cause, while still identifying the agent or cause ('rising memory costs').
中文： 过去式被动语态（was/were + 过去分词）搭配介词「by」，用来强调结果（这次的涨幅），而非单纯陈述起因，同时在后方引出造成该现象的因素（成本上涨）。
The delay was caused by severe weather conditions.
延误是由恶劣的天气状况造成的。
EN： The present participle 'rising' functions as an adjective (participial adjective) to describe the ongoing or continuous increase in 'memory costs'.
中文： 现在分词「rising」在此作为形容词（分词形容词）使用，修饰名词短语「memory costs」，表达成本「正在上涨、持续攀升」的状态。
Companies are struggling with rising energy prices.
各家公司正苦于应对不断上涨的能源价格。
EN： In technology journalism, hardware price changes are commonly attributed directly to supply-chain fluctuations like component costs (e.g., DRAM, NAND flash memory). Passive constructions like 'was caused by' are standard in business news to present factual analysis objectively.
中文： 在科技新闻报道中，硬件产品的价格调整常直接归因于供应链的关键零件成本波动（例如 DRAM 或闪存）。使用「was caused by」这种被动语态，是商业与财经新闻中常见的客观陈述手法。
EN： The conjunction 'because' introduces a dependent adverbial clause of cause/reason ('Because memory chips have become more expensive'). When the subordinate clause comes before the main clause, a comma is placed between them.
中文： 连字号「because」引导表示原因的副词子句（「Because memory chips have become more expensive」）。当从属子句置于主要子句之前时，两者之间通常需加上逗号隔开。
Because the weather was bad, the flight was delayed.
因为天气恶劣，航班延误了。
EN： The present perfect passive form ('have been affected') combines 'have/has been' with a past participle (V-ed). It expresses an action that has happened to the subject, linking a past event to its ongoing relevance or result in the present.
中文： 现在完成被动语态（「have been affected」）由「have/has been + 过去分词（p.p.）」构成。它用来表达主语已经「受到……影响」，并将过去发生的动作与现在的情况或结果连结起来。
Several local businesses have been affected by the new tax policy.
几家在地企业已经受到新税务政策的影响。
EN： In technology hardware reporting, 'specifications' (often informally shortened to 'specs') refers to technical details such as RAM, processor speed, and storage capacity. Consumer tech markets frequently see price fluctuations driven by global supply chain costs, particularly memory and semiconductor shortages.
中文： 在科技硬件报道中，「specifications」（日常口语常简称为「specs」）指规格配置，例如内存容量、处理器频率与存储空间。消费性科技产品的定价常受全球供应链成本波动影响，尤其是内存芯片与半导体供应紧张时最为明显。
EN： A relative clause introduced by 'that' modifies the noun phrase 'the same compact design'. In this clause, 'that' acts as the direct object of the transitive verb 'introduced'.
中文： 由关系代词「that」引导的关系从句，用来修饰先行词「the same compact design」（相同的紧凑设计）。在该从句中，「that」担任及物动词「introduced」的宾语。
This phone features the sleek frame that the company developed last year.
这款手机采用了该公司去年开发的俐落外框。
EN： The phrase 'the same ... that/as' is used to show identity or similarity. Here, 'keeps the same [noun]' means to retain an unchanged characteristic over successive product generations.
中文： 短语「the same ... that/as」用于表示同一性或相似性。在此处，「keeps the same [名词]」表示跨代产品仍延续未变的特征与规格。
The new laptop keeps the same lightweight body that users loved.
新款笔记本电脑保留了用户喜爱的相同轻量机身。
EN： In tech industry reporting, companies often alternate between 'chassis redesigns' and internal specification bumps. The term 'keeps the design' signals to consumers that accessories and physical form factors remain compatible with prior generations.
中文： 在科技产业新闻中，硬件厂商通常会在「外观全新改版」与「仅升级内部规格」之间交替。提到「keeps the design」（保留外观设计）时，通常向消费者传达外壳配件与周边摆设仍可沿用前代规格的讯息。。
EN： The linking verb 'measure' can describe dimensions or size without using a passive voice. When stating dimensions, adverbs/adjectives like 'square' (describing equal width and length) and 'thick' (describing depth) follow the unit of measurement.
中文： 连身动词「measure」可用于主动语态来表示「长度/尺寸为...」，无需使用被动语态。在表达尺寸时，度量单位后方常接形容词或副词，如「square」（正方形、长宽各为）以及「thick」（厚度为）。
The small wooden box measures 20 centimetres long and 10 centimetres wide.
这个小木盒长 20 公分、宽 10 公分。
EN： The comparative structure 'comparative adjective + than' ('smaller than...') is used to compare two things. Here, 'so' acts as a coordinating conjunction introducing a clause of result.
中文： 比较级结构「比较级形容词 + than」（例如 smaller than...）用于比较两者。句中的「so」则是对等连接词，用来引导表示结果的子句。。
The new battery is much lighter, so the phone is easier to carry than the old model.
新电池轻巧得多，因此这款手机比旧款更容易携带。
EN： Tech journalists and reviewers often compare the dimensions of compact hardware to familiar everyday consumer items (like a headphones box or a deck of cards) to help consumers instantly visualize its miniature scale without needing a ruler.
中文： 科技记者与评测者经常将精巧硬件的尺寸与常见的日常用品（例如耳机盒、扑克牌盒等）做对比，帮助消费者在不用尺测量的情况下，立刻对其袖珍的体积产生具体概念。
EN： The structure '[adjective] + enough + to-infinitive' indicates that someone or something has sufficient quality to achieve a particular result. Here, 'light enough to be mounted' means sufficiently light so that it can be installed, using the passive infinitive 'to be mounted'.
中文： 结构「[形容词] + enough + 不定式」表示某人或某事物具备足够的特质以达到某种结果。在此处，「light enough to be mounted」表示轻到足以被安装，并搭配了被动不定式「to be mounted」。
This projector is small enough to fit inside a backpack.
这台投影仪小到足以放进背包里。
EN： A non-defining relative clause introduced by ', which' can refer back to the entire preceding clause rather than a single noun. Here, 'which turns any screen into something like an iMac' describes the result of mounting the computer behind the monitor.
中文： 由「, which」引导的非限定关系从句，可以用来修饰前面整件事或整个从句，而不仅仅是单个名词。此处「which turns any screen into something like an iMac」即说明将电脑安装在屏幕后方所带来的结果。
He decided to work from home on Fridays, which gave him more time with his family.
他决定星期五在家工作，这让他有更多时间陪伴家人。
EN： The iMac is Apple's iconic all-in-one (AIO) desktop computer where the processor and components are built directly into the display. Mounting a compact desktop like the Mac mini behind a standalone monitor creates a functionally similar setup without buying an integrated all-in-one system.
中文： iMac 是苹果著名的「全一体（All-in-One）」台式电脑，其主机零件直接整合于屏幕内部。若将精巧的 Mac mini 主机通过 VESA 支架安装在一般外接屏幕背后，就能达到类似 iMac 般节省桌面空间且屏幕主机合一的效果。。
EN： Prepositional phrases indicating place (e.g., 'On the back of the machine') can be placed at the very beginning of a sentence as a fronted adverbial. This sets the physical context or location before introducing the main subject and action.
中文： 表示地点的介词短语（如「On the back of the machine」）可置于句首作为「前置状语」（fronted adverbial）。这种结构能在带出主语与主要动作之前，先建立空间背景或焦点。。
On the front panel, you will see a power button and two ports.
在前方面板上，你会看到一个电源按钮与两个连接端口。
EN： When listing three or more noun phrases as compound direct objects, items are separated by commas, with the coordinating conjunction 'and' placed before the final element (often preceded by an Oxford comma).
中文： 当列举三个或以上名词短语作为复合受词时，各项目间以逗号分隔，并在最后一项前加上对等连接词「and」（通常配合牛津逗号使用），形成平衡且平行的名词结构。。
The package includes a charging cable, an adapter, and a user manual.
包装内包含一条充电线、一个转接头以及一本使用手册。
EN： Notice the use of the indefinite article 'an' before 'HDMI' (an HDMI port). In English, 'a' versus 'an' is determined by the initial sound of the word when pronounced, not the letter itself. The letter 'H' in 'HDMI' is pronounced /eɪtʃ/, which begins with a vowel sound.
中文： 请注意「HDMI」前方使用的是不定冠词「an」（an HDMI port）。在英文中，使用「a」或「an」取决于该单词或缩写读音的开头音标，而非书写字母。字母「H」在念作字母名时音标为 /eɪtʃ/（以元音开头），因此惯用「an HDMI」。
EN： The 'There + be' structure is an existential clause used to declare the presence or absence of something. When negated with 'no' followed by a plural noun (e.g., 'no traditional USB-A ports'), it emphasizes complete absence.
中文： 「There + be」为存在句句型，用于表达某物的存在或不存在。后方接否定词「no」加上复数名词（如 'no traditional USB-A ports'），用以强调完全没有该事物。
There are no empty seats in the conference room.
会议室里没有空座位。
EN： The passive voice with a modal verb ('modal + be + past participle', here 'can be purchased') focuses on the action and the receiver rather than who performs it, commonly used in technical or formal contexts.
中文： 情态助动词的被动语态结构为「情态动词 + be + 过去分词」（本句为 'can be purchased'）。此结构将焦点放在动作本身或承受者，而非执行者，常见于科技说明或正式场合中。
Tickets can be booked online in advance.
门票可以事先在网络上预订。
EN： The transition from USB-A (the rectangular plug used for decades) to modern USB-C and Thunderbolt standards has been a common source of consumer debate. Apple has frequently spearheaded the removal of legacy ports in pursuit of thinner and more compact hardware designs, often creating a secondary market for 'dongles' (adapters).
中文： 从沿用数十年的矩形 USB-A 插孔过渡到新一代 USB-C 及 Thunderbolt 规格，一直是科技界与消费者讨论的焦点。苹果经常为了追求更轻薄、小巧的硬件设计而率先淘汰旧式连接埠，这种做法在消费市场上常被称为引发了「转接器（dongle）经济」。
EN： The sentence uses a reporting verb ('noted') followed by a noun clause introduced by 'that'. The clause functions as the direct object of the verb 'noted'. Notice that 'remains' is in the present tense because it describes a continuing general fact or current status.
中文： 句中使用转述动词「noted」（指出），后方接以连接词「that」引导的名词子句作为受词句子中的动词「remains」使用现在式，表示这是一项目前仍然持续的事实或现况。。
The report indicated that the new model has better battery life.
该报告指出，这款新机型具备更佳的电池续航力。
EN： The linking verb 'remains' is followed by a predicate noun phrase containing a superlative adjective: 'the cheapest Apple computer'. Superlative adjectives (like 'cheapest') are typically preceded by the definite article 'the' to identify the unique item at the extreme of a comparison.
中文： 连缀动词「remains」后接作为主语补语的名词短语，其中包含最高级形容词「the cheapest」（最便宜的）。在英语中，最高级形容词前通常要加定冠词「the」，用以指代在特定范围中居于极致位置的单一事物。。
This tablet is the cheapest device available on the market.
这款平板电脑是目前市面上最便宜的装置。
EN： Apple's transition to its proprietary 'M-series' Apple Silicon chips began in late 2020. In the tech community, computers featuring these chips are often categorized separately from older Intel-based Macs due to notable leaps in power efficiency and integrated performance. Highlighting that a model is the 'cheapest' M-series machine is a common buying criterion for cost-conscious consumers entering the modern Mac ecosystem.
中文： 苹果自 2020 年底开始将 Mac 系列全面转移至自家研发的「M 系列」晶片（Apple Silicon）。在科技圈中，搭载 M 系列晶片的电脑常被单独归类讨论，因为其能源效率与整合效能显著优于早期的 Intel 机型。因此，「最便宜的 M 系列机种」往往是预算导向买家进入现代苹果生态系的重要选购指标。。
EN： Reported speech using a 'that-clause': The verb 'said' takes a noun clause introduced by the conjunction 'that' acting as the direct object. Note that 'is' is used instead of the past tense 'was' because the statement represents an ongoing general truth or an enduring characteristic of the machine.
中文： 使用「that 子句」的间接引用句：动词「said」后接由连接词「that」引导的名词子句，充当受词。。在此子句中动词使用现在式「is」（而非过去式 was），是因为该叙述代表客观事实或该机器目前仍具备的持续性特征。。
The engineer confirmed that the new battery lasts longer than the previous model.
工程师证实新电池的比上一代型号更持久。
EN： Preposition 'for' expressing concession/comparison standard: 'For' can mean 'considering the nature of' or 'in comparison to'. Here, 'for such a small machine' means 'considering how small the machine is'.
中文： 介词「for」表示考量标准或让步：在此「for」意为「考虑到……」或「就……而言」。「for such a small machine」表示「考虑到这是一台如此小巧的机器」或「就这么小的机器来说」。
He plays tennis quite well for a beginner.
就初学者而言，他的网球打得相当不错。
EN： In tech journalism, reviewers frequently evaluate hardware based on performance-per-size or power efficiency. Devices with desktop-grade processors in mini form factors (like the Mac mini) are judged primarily on whether their thermal and physical constraints limit chip performance.
中文： 在科技新闻与硬件评测文化中，评论家常以「效能体积比」或功耗效率来衡量产品。像 Mac mini 这种采用台式机等级处理器却具备迷你外观的设备，评测重点往往在于散热与体积限制是否会影响芯片的实际表现。
EN： A noun clause introduced by 'that' functions as the direct object of reporting verbs like 'comment', 'say', or 'think'. Inside this clause, 'may' is a modal auxiliary verb expressing possibility.
中文： 由「that」引导的名词子句作为报道动词（如 comment、say、think）的宾语。在此子句内部，情态助动词「may」用来表示推测或可能性（可能）。
The analyst suggested that the new policy may benefit small businesses.
该分析师表示，这项新政策可能会使小型企业受益。
EN： The relative pronoun 'who' introduces a defining relative clause ('who are looking for a budget option') modifying the antecedent noun 'buyers'.
中文： 关系代词「who」引导限制性关系子句（who are looking for a budget option），用来修饰先行词名词「buyers」（买家）。
We need to support students who are struggling with online learning.
我们需要支援那些在线上学习中遇到困难的学生。
EN： In consumer tech reporting, 'budget option' refers to entry-level devices that provide essential features at the lowest possible cost. For years, Apple's Mac mini served as the most affordable entry point into macOS, so price hikes directly impact cost-conscious consumers and students.
中文： 在科技消费领域，「budget option」（平价选项／高性价比机型）通常指能以最低价格提供核心功能的入门级产品。多年来，苹果的 Mac mini 一直被视为体验 macOS 系统门槛最低的设备，因此其涨价会直接影响预算有限的消费者和学生群体。
EN： "Despite" is a preposition meaning "without being affected by" or "in spite of". It is followed by a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase (e.g., "the increased cost"), never directly by a full subject-verb clause.
中文： 「Despite」（尽管／虽然）是介系词，后面必须接名词、代名词或名词片语（如本句的 "the increased cost"），不能直接接带有主词和动词的完整子句。
Despite the heavy rain, they decided to go hiking.
尽管下着大雨，他们还是决定去健行。
EN： The passive structure "be expected to + verb" is used to report a general prediction, expectation, or belief about a future event or current state without specifying exactly who expects it.
中文： 被动语态结构「be expected to + 原形动词」表示「被预期／有望去做某事」，常用于新闻或正式文体中客观陈述预测或社会期待，不需特别指出预测者是谁。
The new smartphone is expected to launch next month.
这款新智能手机预计将于下个月推出。
EN： In technology journalism, the abbreviation "specs" is frequently used instead of "specifications". Hardware products are commonly evaluated by comparing price-to-performance ratio, where a higher price point can provoke consumer resistance unless justified by upgraded internals or smaller form factors.
中文： 在科技新闻与评测中，「specifications」（规格）常口语化简称为「specs」。科技产品评测特别看重「性价比」（price-to-performance ratio）；若定价调高，通常需要更顶尖的硬件升级或更极致的小型化设计（compact form factor）才能说服消费者买单。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 台式的（指放在桌上使用的电脑）
在本文中： 处理器（电脑的核心运算芯片）
在本文中： 令人印象深刻的；出色的
在本文中： 显著地；相当大地
在本文中： 规格；技术参数
在本文中： 小巧紧凑的；不占空间的
在本文中： 被固定；被安装（在某表面上）
在本文中： 传统的；常规的
在本文中： 转接头；适配器
在本文中： 非凡的；引人注目的
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
The chosen retail price of a product, especially in relation to competitors or market expectations
价格点；价位
When considered in relation to someone or something else
与……相比
An inexpensive choice suitable for people with limited money to spend
平价之选；经济实惠的选择
A high-speed hardware interface used to connect external peripherals to a computer
Thunderbolt（雷电）连接埠