EN： Apposition (Appositive Noun Phrase): A noun phrase placed next to another noun to identify or explain it. Here, 'the British number one tennis player' is an appositive that provides more information about 'Emma Raducanu'. It is set off by commas.
中文： 同位语（同位名词短语）：置于另一个名词旁边，用以识别或解释该名词的短语。在此处，「the British number one tennis player」（英国网球一姐）是一个同位语，用来提供关于「艾玛·拉杜卡努」的更多信息，前后以逗号隔开。
Mr. Smith, our English teacher, loves reading novels.
史密斯先生，我们的英语老师，非常喜欢读小说。
EN： The preposition 'despite' is used to show contrast, meaning 'in spite of'. It must be followed by a noun, pronoun, or gerund (-ing form), not a full clause.
中文： 介词「despite」用于表示对比，意思是「尽管、虽然」。后面必须接名词、代词或动名词（-ing 形式），不能接完整的从句。
Despite the heavy rain, they enjoyed their walk in the park.
尽管下着大雨，他们依然享受在公园里散步。
EN： The Queen's Club, located in West Kensington, London, is a prestigious private sporting club famous for hosting the Queen's Club Championships (an important warm-up tournament on grass courts before Wimbledon). Emma Raducanu, who shot to global fame after winning the US Open in 2021, is a major figure in British sports, meaning her performances and physical condition ('injury scare') are always under intense media scrutiny in the UK.
中文： 位於倫敦西肯辛頓的女王俱樂部（Queen's Club）是一所聲望卓著的私人體育俱樂部，以舉辦女王俱樂部錦標賽（溫布頓網球錦標賽前重要的草地熱身賽）而聞名。艾瑪·拉杜卡努在 2021 年奪得美網冠軍後名聲大噪，是英國體壇的焦點人物，因此她的表現與身體狀況（如「傷勢驚魂」）向來備受英國媒體的高度關注。
EN： The preposition 'with' is used to introduce the instrument, means, or specific score by which an action is achieved. In sports contexts, 'with a score of [scores]' is a standard formula to indicate the final result of a match.
中文： 介词「with」在此用于引出达成某动作的工具、手段或具体比分。在体育赛事的情境中，「with a score of [比分]」是用来表示比赛最终结果的标准句型。
They won the championship game with a score of 4-2.
他们以 4-2 的比分赢得了冠军赛。
EN： The preposition 'from' is used to indicate origin, source, or nationality, showing where a person or object comes from.
中文： 介词「from」用于表示来源、出处或国籍，显示某人或某物来自哪里。
Our new English teacher is from Canada.
我们的新英语老师来自加拿大。
EN： In tennis reporting, scores are written with hyphens (e.g., 6-3, 7-5) and read aloud as 'six three, seven five'. The winning player's score is always listed first for each set, regardless of who served first.
中文： 在網球賽事報導中，比分通常以連字號表示（例如 6-3, 7-5），口語朗讀時直接唸作「six three, seven five」。不論該盤由誰先發球，勝者的比分在記錄時永遠寫在前面。
EN： The pattern 'This is the first time (that) + subject + present perfect tense' is used to describe a life experience or a milestone. The present perfect tense ('has reached') is required here because it connects past actions to the present moment.
中文： 句型「This is the first time (that) + 主语 + 现在完成时」用于描述人生经验或里程碑。此处必须使用现在完成时（has reached），因为它将过去发生的动作与现在的时刻联系起来。
This is the first time I have visited Paris.
这是我第一次访问巴黎。
EN： The relative clause 'Raducanu has reached...' modifies the noun 'time'. In this structure, the relative pronoun 'that' is commonly omitted, leaving the subject and verb to directly follow the noun.
中文： 定语从句「Raducanu has reached...」修饰名词「time」。在此结构中，关系代词「that」通常会被省略，使得主语和动词直接接在名词后面。
I remember the time we got lost in the mountains.
我记得我们在山里迷路的那一次。
EN： The 'London tournament' refers to the Queen's Club Championships, a prestigious annual tennis tournament for men (and historically women) held in West Kensington, London. It is famous for its grass courts and serves as a key warm-up event for Wimbledon.
中文： 「倫敦賽事」指的是女王俱樂部錦標賽（Queen's Club Championships），這是一項在倫敦西肯辛頓舉辦、歷史悠久且聲譽卓著的年度草地網球賽事。它以優質的草地賽場聞名，是溫布頓網球錦標賽（Wimbledon）前極為重要的熱身賽。
EN： The Past Continuous tense (was/were + verb-ing) is used to describe an action that was in progress in the past when another shorter action (expressed in the Past Simple) interrupted it.
中文： 过去进行时（was/were + 动词-ing）用于描述过去某个正在进行的动作，而该动作被另一个较短暂的动作（使用一般过去时）所中断。
They were watching TV when the power went out.
当停电时，他们正在看电视。
EN： The subordinating conjunction 'when' is used to introduce a single, sudden event in the past that interrupts a longer, ongoing background action.
中文： 从属连词「when」（当……时）用来引导一个过去突然发生的单一事件，该事件中断了另一个正在进行的背景动作。
I was walking home when it started to rain.
当开始下雨时，我正走路回家。
EN： Grass courts, most famously associated with Wimbledon and Queen's Club in London, are known for being fast but also notoriously slippery, especially when there is moisture or light rain. Slipping on grass is a common hazard for tennis players transitioning from clay or hard courts.
中文： 草地網球場（最著名的代表是倫敦的溫布頓和女王俱樂部）以球速快而聞名，但同時也極為濕滑，特別是在有濕氣或微雨時。對於從紅土或硬地轉戰草地賽事的網球選手來說，在草地上滑倒是一個常見的潛在危險。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used to connect two independent clauses with the same subject ('She'). When the subject is the same in both clauses, it is commonly omitted in the second clause (ellipsis) to avoid repetition.
中文： 并列连词「and」（和/而且）用于连接两个具有相同主语（本句中为「She」）的独立分句。当两个分句的主语相同时，第二个分句的主语通常会被省略（省略法），以避免重复。
He finished his homework and went to bed.
他完成了作业然后就上床睡觉了。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'in pain' functions as an adjective complement after the linking verb 'was'. 'In' is used here to describe a state or condition that someone is experiencing.
中文： 介词短语「in pain」（处于疼痛中）在系动词「was」后面充当形容词补语。这里的介词「in」用来描述某人正在经历的状态或处境。
The injured dog was in pain after the accident.
那只受伤的狗在车祸后显得十分痛苦。
EN： The verb 'begin' can be followed by an infinitive ('to' + verb) to describe the start of an action. This is often used to show a transition or change in state.
中文： 动词「begin」（开始）后面可以接不定式（to + 动词原形）来描述某个动作的开始。这常用于表示状态的转变或变化。
After the rain stopped, the sun began to shine.
雨停之后，太阳开始照耀。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used here to connect two independent clauses, showing a parallel development of two events happening at the same time.
中文： 并列连词「and」（而且/而）在此处用于连接两个独立分句，呈现出同时发生的两个事件之平行发展。
The wind blew harder, and the temperature started to drop.
风刮得更猛烈了，而气温也开始下降。
EN： The verb 'manage' followed by a to-infinitive ('manage to do something') is used to indicate that someone succeeded in doing something difficult or challenging, emphasizing the effort required.
中文： 动词「manage」后接不定式（manage to do something）用于表示某人成功完成了某件困难或具挑战性的事情，强调过程中所付出的努力（意为「设法做到」、「成功做到」）。
Despite the heavy rain, we managed to arrive at the stadium on time.
尽管下着大雨，我们还是成功准时到达了体育场。
EN： The coordinating conjunction 'and' is used here to connect two past tense verbs ('showed' and 'managed') that share the same subject ('the British player'), creating a compound predicate.
中文： 并列连词「and」在此处用于连接两个过去式动词（「showed」与「managed」），这两个动词共享同一个主语（「the British player」），形成复合谓语。
EN： In tennis, scoring is divided into points, games, and sets. Winning a set '7-5' means the player had to win seven games to their opponent's five. This specific score indicates a very close and hard-fought set, as a standard set is usually won by reaching six games (e.g., 6-4).
中文： 在網球比賽中，比分分為分（points）、局（games）和盤（sets）。以「7-5」贏得一盤，意味著該選手必須贏得七局，而對手贏得五局。這個特定的比分顯示出這一盤競爭非常激烈且艱難，因為通常贏得六局（例如 6-4）即可贏得一盤。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'about something' is used after the verb 'speak' (past tense: 'spoke') to introduce the topic of conversation or discussion.
中文： 介词短语「about + 某事」接在动词「speak」（过去式为「spoke」）之后，用来引出谈话或讨论的主题。
The manager spoke about the new project during the meeting.
经理在会议中谈到了这个新项目。
EN： Compound nouns (or noun adjuncts) like 'injury recovery' and 'athletic performance' combine nouns or adjectives with nouns to function as a single concept.
中文： 复合名词（或名词修饰语）如「injury recovery」（伤势恢复）与「athletic performance」（运动表现），结合了名词或形容词与名词，用以表示一个单一的概念。
Regular exercise can improve your physical performance.
规律的运动可以改善你的身体表现。
EN： In professional sports, press conferences after a match are a standard obligation for players. Athletes are expected to discuss not only their tactical performance but also their physical condition, especially when recovering from visible injuries on court.
中文： 在職業運動中，賽後的記者會是選手的標準義務。運動員不僅需要討論他們的戰術表現，還需要說明他們的身體狀況，特別是在從球場上明顯的傷勢中復原的時候。
EN： The dummy pronoun 'it' is used as a placeholder subject when the real subject is an infinitive phrase (to + verb). This structure 'It + be + adjective + to-infinitive' makes sentences easier to process by placing the longer, more complex information at the end.
中文： 形式主语「it」在此结构中作为占位符，而真正的主语是后面的不定式短语（to + 动词）。这种「It + be动词 + 形容词 + 不定式」的结构能将较长且复杂的信息移至句尾，使句子更易于理解。
It is difficult to learn a new language in a short time.
在短时间内学习一门新语言是很困难的。
EN： Noun clauses introduced by 'that' function as the direct object of reporting verbs like 'say' or 'think'. In informal English and spoken speech, the conjunction 'that' is frequently omitted.
中文： 由「that」引导的名词性从句在句中作为「say」或「think」等转述动词的直接宾语。在非正式英语和口语中，连词「that」经常会被省略。
He said that he would arrive at five o'clock.
他说他会在五点钟到达。
EN： The conjunction 'that' is used to introduce a noun clause (also called a content clause) acting as the direct object of the reporting verb 'explained'. This clause expresses the statement or fact being explained.
中文： 连词「that」用于引导名词性从句（也称为内容从句），作为转述动词「explained」（解释）的直接宾语。此从句用来表达被解释的陈述或事实。
He explained that the office would be closed on Monday.
他解释说办公室周一将会关闭。
EN： The modal verb 'can' is used here to express general possibility, indicating that it is possible for certain events ('these things') to occur under specific circumstances ('on grass courts').
中文： 情态动词「can」在此处用于表示一般可能性，指出在特定情况下（「在草地球场上」）某些事情（「这些事情」）是有可能发生的。
Accidents can happen when people are tired.
人们疲劳时，意外是有可能发生的。
EN： Grass courts are traditional in tennis, most famously at Wimbledon. However, they are known for being slippery, especially when damp, which increases the risk of players slipping and injuring themselves, as mentioned in the context of Queen's Club.
中文： 草地球場是網球的傳統場地，最著名的便是溫布頓網球錦標賽。然而，草地球場以濕滑著稱（特別是在潮濕時），這增加了球員滑倒和受傷的風險，正如文中在女王俱樂部脈絡下所提到的情況。
EN： The reporting verb 'add' is followed by a 'that-clause' acting as the direct object. The conjunction 'that' is optional in informal speech but commonly used in written news to introduce the reported statement.
中文： 间接引语从句。动词「add」（补充说）后面接一个由「that」引导的宾语从句，用来表达补充说明的内容。在口语中「that」常可省略，但在书面新闻中通常会保留以维持结构清晰。
He added that the project would be completed on time.
他补充说，该项目将会按时完成。
EN： The phrase 'be proud of' is followed by a noun phrase or a noun clause. Here, it is followed by a wh-clause ('how she managed to...'), which functions as the prepositional object, explaining the reason for pride.
中文： 形容词短语「be proud of」（为……感到自豪）后面接介词宾语。在本句中，介词「of」后面接了一个由「how」引导的疑问词从句（名词性从句），用来解释感到自豪的具体原因。
She is proud of how hard her team worked.
她为自己团队的努力工作感到自豪。
EN： In tennis, the 'home crowd' plays a significant role, especially for British players at prestigious London tournaments like Queen's Club or Wimbledon. The passionate support of local fans is often credited with giving players an emotional boost to overcome physical pain or tactical setbacks.
中文： 在網球運動中，「主場觀眾」（home crowd）扮演著極其重要的角色，特別是對於在倫敦女王俱樂部或溫布頓等著名賽事中作賽的英國本土選手而言。當地球迷熱情的支持，往往被認為能給予球員極大的精神鼓舞，幫助他們克服身體的疼痛或戰術上的挫折。
EN： Non-defining relative clauses (using 'who') add extra information about a person. They are separated from the main clause by commas, and the relative pronoun 'who' cannot be replaced by 'that'.
中文： 非限制性定语从句（使用 'who'）用于对人进行补充说明。这类从句与主句之间会用逗号隔开，且关系代词 'who' 在此不能用 'that' 替换。
My brother, who lives in New York, is a doctor.
我哥哥（他住在纽约）是一位医生。
EN： The possessive 's (apostrophe s) is used to show ownership or association. When a singular noun ends in 's' (like Raducanu's), we still add 's to indicate possession.
中文： 所有格 's（撇号加 s）用于表示所有权或关联性。当单数名词结尾为 s 时（如 Raducanu's），我们仍然加上 's 来表示所有格。
The player's coach was very proud of her performance.
这位选手的教练对她的表现感到非常自豪。
EN： The Queen's Club Championships in London is a prestigious annual tennis tournament for men, but it also hosts women's exhibition matches and events. It is played on outdoor grass courts and serves as a key warm-up event for Wimbledon. Mentioning a player's young age (like 18-year-old Jovic) often highlights the narrative of an experienced player facing a rising teenage prodigy.
中文： 位於倫敦的女王俱樂部錦標賽是一項歷史悠久且聲譽卓著的年度男子網球賽事，但也會舉辦女子表演賽與活動。該賽事在室外草地網球場舉行，是溫布頓網球錦標賽的重要熱身賽。文中提到對手年僅 18 歲（約維奇），通常是為了強調經驗豐富的選手面對年輕新星崛起時的對決張力。
EN： The passive voice construction 'is ranked' (be + past participle) is used to describe someone's position or standing in a classification system, such as sports rankings.
中文： 被动语态结构「is ranked」（be 动词 + 过去分词）用于描述某人在分类系统（如体育排名）中的位置或名次。
The team is ranked number one in the country.
这支队伍在全国排名第一。
EN： Ordinal numbers (e.g., 'sixth') are used to show the order or position of something in a sequence. They are typically preceded by the definite article 'the'.
中文： 序数词（例如「sixth」）用于表示事物在序列中的顺序或位置。它们通常前面会加上定冠词「the」。
He was the third person to arrive at the meeting.
他是第三个到达会议的人。
EN： In professional tennis, a 'seed' is a competitor who is given a preliminary ranking or placing in a tournament. This ensures that the top-rated players do not play against each other in the early rounds of the competition.
中文： 在職業網球中，「seed」（種子選手）是指在錦標賽中獲得初步排名或定位的參賽者。這樣做是為了確保排名靠前的選手不會在比賽的早期階段互相對決。
EN： The passive voice pattern 'be scheduled to be + past participle' is used to indicate that an event is planned or arranged to undergo a certain action at a future time. 'Be scheduled' acts as the main passive verb, followed by a passive infinitive 'to be played' because the subject 'the match' receives the action of playing.
中文： 被动语态结构「be scheduled to be + 过去分词」用于表示某个事件被计划或安排在将来进行某项动作。其中「be scheduled」为主动词的被动式，后接被动不定式「to be played」，因为主语「the match（比赛）」是接受「举行/播放」动作的客体。
The new product is scheduled to be launched next month.
新产品预计将于下个月发布。
EN： The preposition 'on' is used before specific days of the week (e.g., on Saturday, on Monday) to indicate when an event takes place.
中文： 介词「on」用于特定的星期几（例如：on Saturday，在星期六）之前，用来表示活动举办或事情发生的具体日子。
We will have a meeting on Wednesday.
我们将在星期三开会。
EN： The existential construction 'There are concerns about...' is used to introduce the existence of worries or anxieties regarding a specific topic. 'Concerns' is a plural noun, so it takes the plural verb 'are'.
中文： 存在句型「There are concerns about...」（对……存在担忧）用于引出针对特定主题的忧虑或焦虑。由于「concerns」是复数名词，因此动词使用复数形式「are」。
There are concerns about the environmental impact of the new factory.
人们对新工厂的环境影响感到担忧。
EN： The conjunction 'whether' is used to introduce a noun clause expressing doubt or choice between alternatives (often implying 'whether or not'). In this sentence, it introduces the object of the preposition 'about'.
中文： 连词「whether」（是否）用于引导名词性从句，表示怀疑或在不同可能性之间做出选择（通常隐含「是否……」之意）。在本句中，它引导介词「about」的宾语。
We are discussing whether we should postpone the outdoor event.
我们正在讨论是否应该推迟这次户外活动。
EN： Past Perfect Tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action that was completed before another action or point in the past. Here, 'had defeated' happened before the main timeline of the news story.
中文： 过去完成时（had + 过去分词）用于描述在过去某个动作或时间点之前就已经完成的动作。在此处，「had defeated」（已经击败）发生在新闻故事主线时间的前一天。
By the time the movie started, we had already bought our popcorn.
在电影开始之前，我们就已经买好爆米花了。
EN： Non-defining Relative Clause (introduced by 'who') provides extra, non-essential information about a person. It is separated from the main clause by a comma.
中文： 非限制性定语从句（由 'who' 引导）用于对人提供额外的、非必要的补充信息。它与主句之间用逗号隔开。
My brother, who lives in New York, is coming to visit next week.
我哥哥（他住在纽约）下周要来拜访。
EN： The passive voice (be + past participle) is used to focus on the action or the receiver of the action rather than the doer. In this sentence, 'was described' is the past simple passive, showing that 'that victory' received the action of being described.
中文： 被动语态（be 动词 + 过去分词）用于强调动作本身或动作的接受者，而非执行者。在本句中，「was described」是一般过去时的被动语态，表示「那场胜利」接受了「被形容」这个动作。
The book was described as a masterpiece by many critics.
这本书被许多评论家形容为杰作。
EN： The prepositional phrase 'in more than [time period]' is used to describe a duration of time, often in negative sentences or superlative contexts, meaning 'for a longer period than'.
中文： 介词短语「in more than [时间段]」用于描述一段时间的长短，常用于否定句或最高级情境中，表示「在超过……的时间里」或「一年多以来」。
This is the heaviest rain we have had in more than a month.
这是我们一个多月以来所经历过最大的一场雨。
EN： The past simple tense is used to describe completed actions in the past. In this sentence, 'played' and 'served' are past simple verbs indicating actions that occurred during a specific completed match.
中文： 一般过去时（Past Simple Tense）用于描述过去已完成的动作。在本句中，动词「played」（打球）和「served」（发球）皆为一般过去时，表示在已结束的某场特定比赛中所发生的动作。
He played excellent chess and won the tournament yesterday.
他昨天下了极好的国际象棋并赢得了锦标赛。
EN： Adverbs of manner (like 'well') describe how an action is performed and typically follow the verb they modify. 'Well' is the irregular adverb form of the adjective 'good' and modifies the verb 'served'.
中文： 方式副词（如「well」）用来描述动作进行的方式，通常置于所修饰的动词之后。「Well」是形容词「good」的不规则副词形式，在此处修饰动词「served」（发球）。
She sang well during her first public performance.
她在第一次公开演出中唱得很好。
EN： The Present Perfect Tense ('has been', 'has shown') is used to describe actions or states that started in the past and continue up to the present, or have relevance to the current moment.
中文： 现在完成时（「has been」、「has shown」）用于描述从过去开始并持续到现在，或与现在时刻密切相关的动作或状态。
She has played tennis since she was a child.
她从小就一直在打网球。
EN： Non-defining relative clauses (introduced by 'who') provide extra information about a noun (in this case, 'Raducanu'). They are separated from the main clause by commas.
中文： 非限制性定语从句（由「who」引导）用于对名词（在此处为「拉杜卡努」）提供额外的补充说明。这种从句与主句之间会用逗号隔开。
My brother, who lives in London, is a professional coach.
我的哥哥（他住在伦敦）是一位职业教练。
EN： The Queen's Club, located in West Kensington, London, is a prestigious private sporting club famous for hosting the Queen's Club Championships. This grass-court tournament is a key warm-up event for Wimbledon, meaning 'strong form on grass' here is highly significant for players preparing for the Grand Slam.
中文： 位於倫敦西肯辛頓的女王俱樂部是一所著名的私人體育俱樂部，以舉辦女王俱樂部錦標賽而聞名。這項草地賽事是溫布頓網球錦標賽的重要熱身賽，因此在這裡提到「在草地賽事中展現強勁狀態」對於準備大滿貫的選手來說意義非凡。
重要单词附有 IPA 发音、定义、例句和互动式测验。
在本文中： 击败、战胜（对手）
在本文中： 决心、毅力
在本文中： 重整旗鼓、重新调整状态
在本文中： 挑战、艰巨的任务
在本文中： 担忧、顾虑之事
在本文中： 果断的、决定性的
在本文中： 运动的、体育的
在本文中： 胜利
片语包含类型标示、双语定义、用法说明和例句。
A situation where an athlete appears to have sustained a serious injury, causing concern, but which may not be as severe as feared.
受伤惊魂、受伤隐忧
A match or round that precedes the final in a tournament, the winner of which goes on to play in the final.
半决赛
A tennis court with a grass surface, known for being fast and slippery.
草地网球场
The spectators at a sports event who support the local team or player.
主场观众、东道主球迷